CN104406210A - Cooking fume treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooking fume treatment device in the catering industry, which consists of a gas collecting hood, an induced draft fan, a cyclone separator, a fume condensation box and a heat pump device. The induced draft fan, the cyclone separator and the fume condensation box are connected in series through pipes, and the inner wall is made of fluoride polymer surface The treatment agent is sprayed, the cyclone separator is equipped with absorption packing, and the bottom is equipped with a drain valve a; the top of the oil fume condensation box is equipped with an exhaust pipe, and the bottom is equipped with a drain valve b; the heat pump device consists of a compressor, an evaporator, a fan, It consists of an expansion valve, a condenser and a hot water storage tank. A circulating water pump is installed inside the hot storage tank to exchange heat with the condenser. A temperature control probe and a hot water outlet pipe are installed outside the hot water storage tank. The advantages of the present invention are: the device uses a heat pump to exchange heat, saves electric energy, and reduces operating costs; uses a fluoride polymer surface treatment agent to treat the flue gas condensation box, which can minimize the number of cleanings; can recover volatile organic compounds and Hot water is provided.

Description

A cooking fume treatment device

technical field

The invention relates to pollutant treatment and energy saving and emission reduction in environmental protection technology, in particular to a cooking fume treatment device for catering industry. the

Background technique

Catering fume refers to the volatilized oil, organic matter and thermal decomposition or cracking products during food cooking and processing. The pollutants can be roughly divided into three categories: solid particles, micro-droplets and gaseous volatile organic compounds (Volatile Organic Compounds). , VOC). my country's catering industry's soot emissions and types of pollutant emissions are closely related to the cuisine, scale and other conditions. The types of pollutants include alkanes, olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons, and oxygen-containing compounds. With the development of society and the great progress of the service industry, cooking fumes from the catering industry have become a pollution source that cannot be ignored in cities. In 2010, the output of refined edible vegetable oil in China was 3878.54×10 ⁴ t, among which urban residents purchased an average of 8.84kg of edible vegetable oil per person per year, and 6.31kg in rural areas, and residents consumed 1015.57×10 ⁴ t of vegetable oil per year. If the VOCs emission factor of cooking fumes is 5.03g/kg, only household cooking can produce 5.1×10 ⁴ t of VOCs per year.

As early as 2001, my country promulgated the "Catering Fume Emission Standard (Trial)" (GB18483-2001), which stipulated the maximum allowable emission concentration of cooking fume and the minimum removal rate of cooking fume purification equipment in the catering industry. However, no more detailed standards have been issued after many years of "trial implementation", which also explains to a certain extent the complexity of the control of this type of pollution source and the immature treatment technology. Mature technology. the

The existing oil fume control technologies include inertial separation method, ordinary filtration method, activated carbon adsorption method, liquid washing method, electrostatic deposition method and other processes, all of which have their own limitations. For example, in the inertial separation method and the filtration method, due to the high viscosity of the particles in the oil fume, the cleaning and maintenance work is quite difficult; the activated carbon adsorption method must frequently replace the filter material, and the operating cost is high; the liquid washing method and the electrostatic deposition method are easy to produce waste water and ozone, etc. Secondary pollution, failed to completely solve the pollution problem. In addition, the above technologies only focus on the removal of particulate matter, but have little effect on VOC substances in the flue gas, and the removal of pollutants is not complete. Therefore, it is of extremely important practical significance to analyze the physical and chemical properties of oil fume components and develop a method for oil fume purification that can remove gas, liquid, and solid pollutants with low energy consumption and high efficiency without causing secondary pollution. the

Since the pollutants in the oil fume of the catering industry mainly include microscopic liquid-solid particles and VOC substances, VOC is defined as a volatile organic compound whose melting point is lower than room temperature and boiling point is between 50-260°C. The temperature is extracted, the exhaust gas is lowered to a certain temperature to condense the VOC substances into a liquid state, combined with a certain physical purification method, a set of treatment system is integrated to complete the advanced treatment of cooking fumes in the catering industry, and at the same time provide temperature to produce hot water for supply user use. This is a new, efficient and environmentally friendly oil fume cleaning technology, while generating hot water. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems, to provide a cooking fume treatment device,

Technical scheme of the present invention:

An oil fume treatment device for the catering industry, which consists of an air collecting hood, an induced draft fan, a cyclone separator, an oil fume condensation box and a heat pump device. The air collecting hood is located above the stove, and the induced draft fan, the cyclone separator and the oil fume condensation box are connected in series through pipelines. The inner wall of the cyclone separator is sprayed with a fluoride polymer surface treatment agent. The cyclone separator is equipped with an absorption filler and a drain valve a at the bottom; an exhaust pipe is installed on the top of the oil fume condensation box, and a drain valve b is installed at the bottom; the heat pump The device is composed of compressor, evaporator, fan, expansion valve, condenser and hot water storage tank. The evaporator, expansion valve and condenser are located in the oil fume condensation box and are in direct contact with the oil fume. Fluoride polymer surface treatment agent is also used For spraying treatment, there is a circulating water pump inside the hot water storage tank and heat exchange with the condenser through a circulating pipe, and a temperature control probe and a hot water outlet pipe are installed outside the hot water storage tank. the

The ratio of the heating power of the stove to the projected area of the gas collecting hood is 1.67×10 ⁸ J/h: 1.1m ² .

The compressor working fluid of the heat pump device is R134a. the

The advantages of the present invention are:

The flue gas condensation box in the device uses a heat pump device for heat exchange, which saves electricity and reduces operating costs on the premise of meeting the removal requirements; the flue gas condensation box is treated with a fluoride polymer surface treatment agent, which can minimize the number of cleanings ; capable of recovering volatile organic compounds and providing hot water.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a secondary treatment device for oil fume in the catering industry. the

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pump device. the

In the figure: 1. Cooktop, 2. Gas collecting hood, 3. Induced fan, 4. Cyclone separator, 5. Oil fume condensation box, 6. Heat pump heat exchanger, 7. Drain valve a 8. Exhaust pipe, 9. Drain valve b 10. Compressor,

11. Evaporator, 12. Fan, 13. Expansion valve, 14. Condenser, 15. Temperature control probe,

16. Hot water storage tank, 17. Hot water outlet pipe.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. the

Example:

An oil fume treatment device for the catering industry, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, consists of an air collecting hood 2, an induced draft fan 3, a cyclone separator 4, an oil fume condensation box 5, and a heat pump device 6. The air collecting hood is located above the stove 1, and the induced Fan 3, cyclone separator 4 and oil fume condensation box 5 are connected in series through pipelines, the inner wall of cyclone separator 4 is sprayed with fluoride polymer surface treatment agent, the interior of cyclone separator is provided with absorption packing, and the bottom is provided with sewage valve a7; The top of the oil fume condensation box 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 8, and the bottom is provided with a drain valve b9; the heat pump device consists of a compressor 10, an evaporator 11, a fan 12, an expansion valve 13, a condenser 14, a temperature control probe 15 and a heat storage tank 16 components, wherein the evaporator 11, expansion valve 13 and condenser 14 are located in the oil fume condensation tank 5 and are in direct contact with the oil fume. The fluoride polymer surface treatment agent is also used for spraying treatment. The inside of the heat storage tank 5 is equipped with a circulating water pump and Heat is exchanged with the condenser 14 through the circulation pipe, and a temperature control probe 15 and a hot water outlet pipe 17 are provided outside the heat storage tank 5 .

In this embodiment, the ratio of the heating power of the stove to the projected area of the gas collecting hood is 1.67×10 ⁸ J/h: 1.1m ² ; the working fluid of the compressor of the heat pump device is R134a.

How the device works:

First, the oil fume is collected in an orderly manner, and then the oil fume is cyclone separated to remove particulate pollutants, and finally enters the heat pump condensing system to condense the temperature of the flue gas below the boiling point of the main VOC pollutants, so that the VOC substances become liquid and complete the purification process. Deep purification of flue gas. While condensing the flue gas, the heat pump system extracts the temperature of the flue gas to generate hot water for users. The specific method is as follows:

1) First collect the oil fume

Set up a trapping upper gas collection hood at a suitable position above the kitchen stove. The heating power of each reference stove is 1.67×10 ⁸ J/h, and the corresponding projected area of the gas collection hood is 1.1m ² . This benchmark increases the area of the gas collecting hood. For other regulations, refer to GB18483-2001 "Catering Fume Emission Standard (Trial)". One end of the induced draft fan is connected to the gas collecting hood, and the other end is connected to the discharge pipe and the processing equipment. The air volume of the induced draft fan is designed according to the standard. , When the cooktop is working, the induced draft fan is turned on, and the oil fume will be collected in an orderly manner into the discharge pipe and then into the subsequent processing device.

2) The above-mentioned collected oil fume enters the first-stage treatment device composed of cyclone separator, and the interior is sprayed with a special polymer surface treatment agent to reduce the adhesion of oil substances. The oil fume enters the separator from the lower part through the pipeline. During the spiral rising process, the heavy components in the oil fume are intercepted after colliding with the cone of the separator under the action of centrifugal force, and finally enriched in the cone bucket. After accumulating for a certain period of time, they can pass through the separator. A valve at the bottom of the cone discharges out of the system. The oil fume after primary purification rises into the discharge pipe and enters the subsequent processing device. the

3) The secondary treatment device is composed of a heat pump system and its protection device. In order to adapt to the flue gas working environment, it is necessary to protect the components of the heat pump device exposed to the flue gas: evaporator, condenser, and expansion valve, and use fluoride polymer Surface treatment, placed in the air inlet of the secondary device, is used to intercept oil droplets or particles that have not been separated in the primary treatment. This method can better protect the heat exchanger of the heat pump system from being polluted in a short time and reduce heat loss. transfer efficiency. During the heat exchange process of the heat pump heat exchanger, the evaporator absorbs the flue gas heat and provides it to the compressor working fluid inside the evaporator, and the working fluid in the condenser delivers heat to the water that needs to be heated. After pretreatment, the oil fume is drawn into the heat pump system by the fan, and then discharged after condensation and cooling. The cold air and the oil fume are mixed to further reduce the temperature of the oil fume in the entire box, so that the VOC substances are liquefied, trapped inside the box, and finally discharged from the box. Cone bucket discharge system, the temperature after condensation is up to the standard discharge. The hot water output is operated by circulating water inlet heating. The water outlet temperature of the water tank can be adjusted between 35-70°C, controlled by the temperature control probe. The hot water output is related to the air distribution volume, compressor, and working fluid selection. the

The treatment effect of the test device is shown in Table 1:

To sum up, the method and device for secondary treatment of cooking fumes in the catering industry described in the present invention can efficiently remove pollutants in the cooking fumes without causing secondary pollution, operate stably, recover heat energy at the same time, and produce hot water for supply It is used by users and has extremely important application value.

Claims (3)

1. a cooking fume treating apparatus, it is characterized in that: be made up of gas skirt, air-introduced machine, cyclone separator, oil smoke condensation case and heat pump assembly, gas skirt is positioned at above the kitchen range top, air-introduced machine, cyclone separator are connected by placed in series with oil smoke condensation case, cyclone separator inwall adopts fluoride macromolecule surface inorganic agent to carry out spray treatment, cyclone separator inside is provided with dry load, and bottom is provided with blowoff valve a; Oil smoke condensation box top is provided with blast pipe, and bottom is provided with blowoff valve b; Heat pump assembly is made up of compressor, evaporimeter, blower fan, expansion valve, condenser and hot water storage tank, wherein evaporimeter, expansion valve and condenser are positioned at oil smoke condensation case and directly contact with oil smoke, same employing fluoride macromolecule surface inorganic agent carries out spray treatment, hot water storage tank inside is provided with water circulating pump and carries out heat exchange by circulating line and condenser, and hot water storage tank outside is provided with temperature probe and hot water outlet pipe.

2. cooking fume treating apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ratio of described kitchen range top heating power and gas skirt projected area is 1.67 × 10 ⁸j/h:1.1m ².

3. cooking fume treating apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the compressor working medium of described heat pump assembly is R134a.