CN104405567A - Offshore floating body type suspended oscillating wave power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a suspended pendulum type wave power generation device with a floating body on the sea, which includes a mother ship and a water chamber arranged on the mother ship. One end of the mother ship is provided with an opening of the water chamber. The device also includes a vibration damping plate and a power generation control component, the vibration damping plate is connected with the other end of the mother ship, a column is arranged on the vibration damping plate, the bottom of the column is fixed on the seabed, and the power generation control component is connected with the swing component. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can float in the sea to collect wave energy, and can adjust device parameters according to wave conditions within a certain range, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. The site selection limit of the device is small, flexible and has good adjustability.

Description

An offshore floating body suspended pendulum wave power generation device

technical field

The invention relates to a new energy technology, in particular to an offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device.

Background technique

All countries in the world are studying energy countermeasures and national energy strategies. It is estimated that marine energy accounts for more than 70% of the world's total energy. Countries around the world have listed the ocean as a key resource for competition. Ocean energy is an important renewable energy. The energy density of ocean wave motion is very high, and it spreads widely in the ocean. Because of this, the energy of waves can be used even thousands of miles away from the ocean. During this long journey, the waves gradually stabilize, and in suitable areas, ocean energy can be efficiently regenerated and electricity generated. According to calculations, on each square kilometer of sea surface, the moving waves contain about 300,000 kilowatts of energy. According to this calculation, the global wave energy power exceeds 70 billion kilowatts, of which about 2 to 3 billion kilowatts can be developed and utilized. All countries attach great importance to the use of this energy as a power for generating electricity due to the huge energy contained in waves. As early as 1955, the first wave power generator was invented. Since then, various countries have put forward hundreds of different scientific ideas and designed a variety of wave power generation experimental devices. In 1964, Japan made the world's first wave power generation device - navigation light (see literature: Fu Yaobao. Comprehensive utilization of ocean wave energy -- power generation principle and device [M]. Shanghai Science and Technology Press. 2013 1st edition in January), creating a new era for human beings to use ocean waves to generate electricity.

my country's ocean energy resources are very rich, and the prospects for development and utilization are broad. The country's mainland coastline is more than 18,000 kilometers long; there are more than 6,000 islands with a coastline of more than 14,000 kilometers; the entire sea area is 4.9 million square kilometers. It is located in the low-latitude South China Sea, with a sea area of 3.6 million square kilometers. my country's more than 20,000 kilometers of coastline contains a large number of wave energy power resources, which are estimated to be more than 150 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to more than twice the current total installed capacity of electricity in my country. The ones that can be developed and utilized are about 30 to 40 million kilowatts; if the waves in the open sea are added together, there will be 70 million kilowatts.

Ocean wave energy is an important part of new energy. Although my country's wave power generation started relatively late, it has developed rapidly. my country's wave energy density is lower than that of Japan and European and American countries, so small and micro wave energy conversion devices are the key research and development objects of our country. At present, many small-scale wave energy generating devices have become commercialized. Among them, the pendulum wave power generation device has the advantages of good reliability, wide frequency response range, high conversion efficiency under constant sea conditions, and low construction cost, and has a good development prospect.

Traditional suspended pendulum wave power generation devices are built on breakwaters. Although such a design can save construction costs, the energy of the waves near the shore is significantly weakened, and the fluctuations are uneven due to the shape of the coastline. This directly leads to uneven output power and complicated post-processing. In addition, the limited space of near-shore breakwaters virtually limits the scale of pendulum wave power generation devices. In order to collect more wave energy, Professor Watanabe Fuji imagined that if the device can be built on a floating body and make full use of the offshore wave resources, there will be greater room for development. Therefore, Professor Watanabe Fuji proposed the concept of offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device.

Offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device is a combination of nearshore wave energy conversion device and floating mother ship, which uses special floating body to replace traditional caisson. Offshore floating body suspended pendulum wave power generation device has the following advantages:

1. Combining a special mother ship with a suspended pendulum wave power generation device can reduce the constraints caused by geographical factors in the location selection of the device.

2. It is adjustable and can be moved to the corresponding position when necessary.

3. Devices other than wave power generation can be installed on the mother ship. For example, it can be used as a base for offshore wind power generation.

4. The unit price of wave power generation is low, which is suitable for developing countries.

5. This device can also be used for purposes other than power generation. For example, as a floating breakwater.

At present, the development and utilization of ocean energy in my country is only in its infancy. For example, how to solve the energy problem on the island, tap the energy of the ocean and the island, and give full play to its potential are all crucial issues. The use of ocean wave energy to generate electricity does not consume any fuel and resources, nor does it produce any pollution, and requires less investment and quick results. Therefore, it has attracted the attention of various countries, and it is agreed that the rational development and utilization of wave energy has great practical value. This method that does not occupy any land and can generate electricity as long as there are waves is also particularly suitable for those small coastal islands where power lines cannot be erected, as well as the power supply of navigation lights, buoys, etc.

Considering that China is a country located on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, the wave density is relatively small, so it is necessary to fully develop the wave resources near the coast. The suspended pendulum type wave power generation device with floating body on the sea has less geographical restrictions, so it has a lot of room for development.

However, existing wave power generation devices generally have some defects. For example, Japanese patent publication No. JP4448972 discloses a floating body type wave power generation device. Acting on the pendulum plate, the pendulum plate is subject to a periodically changing torque, and swings left and right under the action of the torque, converting wave energy into mechanical energy. The pendulum plate is connected with the pendulum shaft to drive the pendulum shaft to rotate, and the pendulum shaft is connected with the oil pump shaft to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The hydraulic pump supplies oil to the hydraulic circuit, so that the hydraulic circuit drives the generator to generate electricity, converting hydraulic energy into electrical energy. Then the device has the following defects: the first, the center of the pendulum plate of the device is a fixed value, which can not make good use of the wave force energy of the waves for the subtropical monsoon climate sea area where the wave wavelength varies greatly with the seasons; The distance between the vertical plate and the pendulum shaft in the power generation device cannot be adjusted, which cannot protect the structure of the power generation device well; third, the power generation device increases the distance between the vertical plate and the mother ship by lengthening the The base lowers the center of gravity to make the device float stably on the sea surface, but for the erratic subtropical monsoon climate sea area, it is often not firm enough to fix it only by buoyancy without fixing it.

In addition, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN103403343A discloses a hydraulic circuit for a pendulum type wave power generation device, but the circuit is equipped with two hydraulic motors, and the system stability is insufficient.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

An offshore floating body suspended pendulum type wave power generation device, comprising a mother ship and a water chamber arranged on the mother ship, one end of the mother ship is provided with an opening of the water chamber, and it is characterized in that a swing assembly with an adjustable center of gravity is arranged in the water chamber, The power generation device also includes a vibration damping plate and a power generation control assembly, the vibration damping plate is connected to the other end of the mother ship, a column is arranged on the vibration damping plate, the bottom of the column is fixed on the seabed, and the power generation control assembly is connected to the other end of the mother ship Swing assembly connection.

The rear part of the mother ship is provided with a T-shaped groove matching with the vibration-damping plate, and the front part of the vibration-damping plate is provided with a T-shaped groove matching with the mother ship, and the mother ship and the vibration-damping plate are connected through the T-shaped groove.

The mother ship is provided with a fixed arm, the fixed arm is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes, the vibration damping plate is provided with a connection plate, the connection plate is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes, the connection between the fixed arm and the connection plate They are connected through adjustment holes and connectors.

The swing assembly includes a swing shaft, a swing arm and a swing plate with an adjustable center of gravity, the swing plate is fixedly connected to the swing shaft through the swing arm, the swing shaft is connected to the mother ship, and a connecting piece is provided on the swing arm. The swing plate is provided with a plurality of center-of-gravity adjustment holes arranged longitudinally in sequence for fixing the connectors;

The order of the adjustment holes connected by the connecting piece is changed to realize the connection between the center of gravity of the pendulum plate and the swing shaft, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the center of gravity of the pendulum plate.

The damping plate is parallel to the swing axis, and the interval is half of the wave wavelength.

The mother ship is provided with a ballast opening for adjusting the draft of the mother ship, the outer surface of the mother ship is provided with a scale line for marking the draft of the mother ship, and the mother ship is provided with a safety stop for preventing the swinging assembly from being too large .

The opening of the water chamber is a wedge-shaped mouth for collecting waves.

The power generation control assembly includes a swing vane pump and an oil tank, a rectification circuit, a hydraulic motor and a generator connected in sequence, and the swing vane pump is connected with the rectification circuit.

The rectification circuit is composed of two parallel one-way valve units, the one-way valve unit includes two series one-way valves, the input end of the one-way valve unit is connected to the oil tank, and the output end is connected to the hydraulic motor, The two ends of the swing vane pump are respectively connected with the middle points of the two check valve units, and the swing vane pump is also connected with the swing assembly.

A hydraulic oil filter is arranged between the oil tank and the rectification circuit.

The output end of the rectification circuit is also provided with an accumulator and an overflow valve.

The output end of the overflow valve and the hydraulic motor are connected with the oil tank.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The center of gravity of the oscillating assembly can be adjusted, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency, and at the same time, because the column directly penetrates into the seabed, it can have a better fixing effect than the floating method.

2) The design of the swing shaft, the connecting piece and the adjustment hole on the swing shaft cleverly realizes the adjustment of the center of gravity of the swing assembly, and the structure is simple and easy to maintain.

3) The distance between the vibration damping plate and the center of the swing shaft is half of the wave wavelength, which can protect the structure of the power generation device from being damaged by waves, and is durable. At the same time, the mother ship and the vibration damping plate are separated so that the mother ship can follow the waves. The up and down undulation reduces the wave force on the damping plate and makes the manufacturing and installation process more convenient.

4) The present invention adopts the adjustable draft design of the mother ship, so that the mother ship can adapt to the requirements of various sea conditions, and reduces the installation difficulty of the offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave energy generation device.

5) The wedge-shaped mouth can better gather waves and improve energy conversion efficiency.

6) The safety stopper can prevent the swing angle of the swing component from being too large in extreme weather, thereby protecting the component from damage.

7) The design of the rectifier circuit can use the mechanical energy of the two swing directions in one swing period of the swing assembly on the line in the case of a single variable hydraulic motor, which not only reduces the number of hydraulic motors, reduces the cost, but also makes the variable The hydraulic motor output is more stable.

8) The overflow valve can unload the system when the working pressure of the power generation control component is too high, and play a role in protecting the power generation control component. The accumulator can make the generator work stably.

9) The output end of the overflow valve and the hydraulic motor are connected to the oil tank to recover the hydraulic oil and save resources.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the damping plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the size of a water chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the relationship between the position of the center of gravity of the swing plate and the primary energy conversion efficiency at different wavelengths in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a power generation control assembly;

Fig. 6 is the input rotational speed of the oscillating vane pump in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the output speed curve of the variable hydraulic motor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the reverse torque of the generator acting on the variable hydraulic motor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Among them: 1. Mother ship, 2. Damping plate, 3. Swing vane pump, 4. Swing shaft, 5. Swing arm, 6. Swing plate, 7. Connecting piece, 8. Wedge mouth, 9. Scale line, 10. Safety block, 11, ballast hatch, 12, T-shaped slot, 13, T-shaped slot, 14, T-shaped slot, 15, oil tank, 16, hydraulic oil filter, 17, one-way valve, 18, overflow valve , 19, accumulator, 20, hydraulic motor, 21, generator, 22, fixed arm, 23, connector, 24, connecting plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Embodiment one:

An offshore floating body suspended pendulum type wave power generation device, as shown in Figure 1, includes a mother ship 1, the mother ship 1 is a hollow steel structure, the mother ship 1 is provided with a square water chamber connected to the sea, and the opening of the square water chamber is located at the front end of the mother ship 1 , the water chamber is provided with a swing assembly with an adjustable center of gravity, and the power generation device also includes a vibration damping plate 2 and a power generation control component. Fixed on the seabed, the power generation control assembly is connected with the swing assembly.

Among them, the rear part of the mother ship 1 is provided with a T-shaped slot 12 matched with the vibration-damping plate 2, and the front part of the vibration-damping plate 2 is provided with a T-shaped slot 13 matched with the mother ship 1, and the mother ship 1 and the vibration-damping plate 2 pass through the T-shaped slot 12. , 13 connections.

In the preferred working state in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, when the pendulum plate 6 is placed vertically, the distance from the back wall of the water chamber is 5m, the water depth is 4m, the water chamber width is 5m, and the total weight of the pendulum plate 6 is 5878Kg. In this embodiment, the wavelength of the target sea area is 25m, the period is 4s, and the wave height is 1m.

The swing assembly includes a swing shaft 4, a swing arm 5 and a swing plate 6 with an adjustable center of gravity. The swing plate 6 is fixedly connected to the swing shaft 4 through the swing arm 5. The swing arm 5 and the swing shaft 4 are connected by keys, and the swing shaft 4 is connected to the mother ship 1. Connection, the swing arm 5 is provided with a connecting piece 7, and the swing plate 6 is provided with a plurality of center-of-gravity adjustment holes arranged longitudinally in sequence for fixing the connecting piece 7.

Changing the order of the adjustment holes connected by the connecting piece 7 realizes the connection between the center of gravity of the pendulum plate 6 and the swing shaft 4 , and then realizes the adjustment of the height of the center of gravity of the pendulum plate 6 .

The acting force of the wave on the pendulum plate 6 will be transmitted to the mother ship 1 through the pendulum shaft 4 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the distance between the damping plate 2 and the center of the swing axis 4 is half of the wave wavelength, which can effectively generate reflected waves to weaken the wave force suffered by the mother ship.

The mother ship 1 is provided with a ballast opening 11 for adjusting the draft of the mother ship 1 , and the outer surface of the mother ship 1 is provided with a scale line 9 for marking the draft of the mother ship 1 .

The front end of the mother ship 1 is provided with a wedge-shaped mouth 8 for collecting waves.

The mother ship 1 is provided with a safety stopper 10 for preventing the swinging assembly from excessive swing angle.

As shown in Figure 5, the power generation control assembly includes a swing vane pump 3 and an oil tank 15 connected in sequence, a rectification circuit, a hydraulic motor 20, and a generator 21. The rectification circuit is composed of two parallel check valve units, and the check valve unit includes Two check valves 17 connected in series, the input end of the check valve unit is connected to the oil tank 15, the output end is connected to the hydraulic motor 20, the two ends of the swing vane pump 3 are respectively connected to the midpoint of the two check valve units, and the swing vane The pump 3 is also connected with the swing shaft 4 in the swing assembly. The swing shaft 4 and the shaft of the swing vane pump 3 adopt an integrated design, so the swing shaft 4 drives the swing vane pump 3 to supply oil for the supporting hydraulic circuit.

A hydraulic oil filter 16 is provided between the oil tank 15 and the rectification circuit.

An accumulator 19 and a relief valve 18 are also provided at the output end of the rectification circuit.

The output end of the overflow valve 18 and the hydraulic motor 20 are connected with the oil tank 15 .

During the working process, waves enter the water chamber inside the mother ship 1 to form a standing wave, which pushes the swing plate 6 to swing, and the swing plate 6 drives the swing vane pump 3 to rotate through the swing shaft 4, and the swing vane pump 3 provides the power source for the rectification circuit in the power generation control component , to drive the hydraulic oil to flow, and the hydraulic oil drives the generator to rotate through the hydraulic motor 20, so as to realize the conversion of wave energy into electric energy.

As shown in Figure 4, when the wavelength of the target sea area increases by 2m, the primary energy conversion efficiency of the power generation device will decrease by more than 4%. When the wavelength increases, the primary energy conversion efficiency of the power generation device can be improved by increasing the distance between the center of gravity of the swing plate 6 and the swing axis 4 .

In this embodiment, the rated torque of the swing vane pump 3 is 2.7×10 5 Nm, the displacement is 40 L, and the rated working pressure is 25 MPa. As shown in Fig. 6, through the response analysis of the power generation device in this embodiment, it can be obtained that the swing frequency of the swing vane pump is 0.25 Hz, and the peak speed is 1.05 r/min.

In this embodiment, the hydraulic motor 20 adopts a variable axial piston motor, the initial pressure of the accumulator 19 is 15Mpa, the volume is 5L, and the pressure of the overflow valve 18 is set to 25Mpa. As shown in FIG. 7 , the peak rotational speed of the hydraulic motor 20 is about 1600 r/min, which appears at the first peak. After 300s, the output speed tends to be stable, and the final speed is about 950r/min. In order to match the input characteristics of the generator 21, the inclination angle of the swash plate of the hydraulic motor 20 can be adjusted appropriately.

As shown in FIG. 8 , it is obtained from the simulation that the reaction torque of the load to the hydraulic motor 20 is equal to the output torque of the hydraulic motor 20 and opposite in direction. The characteristics of the output torque of the hydraulic motor 20 can also be observed through the reaction torque. The change trend of the curve is similar to the change of the input pressure of the hydraulic motor 20 with time. The peak value of the output torque is about 110Nm, which appears at the first peak. After 200s, the output torque tends to be stable, and the final torque fluctuates around 75Nm.

Embodiment two:

The similarities between this embodiment and the first embodiment will not be described, and only the differences will be described.

The significant difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the connection between the mother ship 1 and the damping plate 2 is different. The connection mode of the distance between the damping plates 2.

As shown in Figure 9, the mother ship 1 is provided with a fixed arm 22, the fixed arm 22 is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes, the damping plate 2 is provided with a connection plate 24, and the connection plate 24 is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes, the fixed arm It is connected with the connection plate through the adjustment hole and the connection piece 23. The number of the adjustment holes is greater than the number of the connection pieces on the fixed arm 22, so that when the wave wavelength changes due to the season, the adjustment hole and the connection plate can be adjusted by changing the fixed arm 22. 24, adjust the connection correspondence of the holes to adjust the distance between the mother ship 1 and the damping plate 2, so that when the wave wavelength changes with the seasons, the distance between the damping plate 2 and the center of the swing shaft 4 can be adjusted to always be half of the wave wavelength. Considering the working conditions of the present invention, the connecting piece 23 is prone to corrosion, so the connecting piece 23 is processed as an independent part to facilitate subsequent maintenance and replacement.

Claims (10)

1. An offshore floating body type suspended pendulum type wave power generation device, comprising a mother ship and a water chamber arranged on the mother ship, one end of the mother ship is provided with a water chamber opening, and it is characterized in that the water chamber is provided with an adjustable center of gravity swing Assemblies, the power generation device also includes a vibration damping plate and a power generation control component, the vibration damping plate is connected to the other end of the mother ship, the vibration damping plate is provided with a column, the bottom of the column is fixed on the seabed, the power generation control The component is connected with the swing component. 2. The offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the swing assembly includes a swing shaft, a swing arm and a swing plate with an adjustable center of gravity, and the swing plate passes through the swing arm It is fixedly connected with the swing shaft, the swing shaft is connected with the mother ship, the swing arm is provided with connectors, and the swing plate is provided with a plurality of center-of-gravity adjustment holes for fixing the connectors arranged longitudinally in sequence; The order of the adjustment holes connected by the connecting piece is changed to realize the connection between the center of gravity of the pendulum plate and the swing shaft, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the center of gravity of the pendulum plate. 3. An offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the damping plate is parallel to the swing axis, and the distance between them is half of the wave wavelength. 4. A kind of offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mother ship is provided with a ballast opening for adjusting the draft of the mother ship, and the outer surface of the mother ship is provided with a marking The scale line of the draft of the mother ship, the said mother ship is provided with a safety stop for preventing the swing angle of the swing assembly from being too large. 5 . The offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1 , wherein the opening of the water chamber is a wedge-shaped opening for collecting waves. 6 . 6. A kind of offshore floating body type suspended pendulum type wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the power generation control assembly includes a swing vane pump and an oil tank connected in sequence, a rectifier circuit, a hydraulic motor, and a generator. The swing vane pump described above is connected to the rectifier circuit. 7. A kind of offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the rectification circuit is composed of two parallel check valve units, and the check valve unit includes two series One-way valve, the input end of the one-way valve unit is connected to the oil tank, the output end is connected to the hydraulic motor, the two ends of the swing vane pump are respectively connected to the midpoint of the two one-way valve units, and the swing vane pump Also connected to the swing assembly. 8 . The offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 6 , wherein a hydraulic oil filter is provided between the oil tank and the rectification circuit. 9. The offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the output end of the rectification circuit is also provided with an accumulator and an overflow valve. 10 . The offshore floating body type suspended pendulum wave power generating device according to claim 9 , wherein the output end of the overflow valve is connected with the hydraulic motor and the oil tank. 11 .