CN104403941A - Equipment with slag purifying unit and method for treating farm wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

A device and method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit, the equipment includes a processing unit (36), a mixing unit (12), an anaerobic fermentation reactor (17) and a slag purification unit, wherein the anaerobic fermentation Reactor (17) comprises housing (18), stirring part (22), containing part (24), detection unit (25) and control unit (26) at least, and control unit (26) mixes livestock and poultry excrement and Wastewater forms mixed raw materials. When the fermentation temperature is at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit (26) sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the agitator to stir the mixed raw materials in the anaerobic fermentation reactor (17) for digestion reaction , generating biogas and discharging slag, which is purified in a slag cleaning unit. The method also includes discharging a certain amount of slag through the discharge part, and then pumping a certain amount of mixed raw material into the mixed raw material inlet.

Description

A device and method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit

technical field

The invention relates to the fields of environmental protection and energy technology, in particular to a device and method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit, in particular to a device and method for treating livestock manure and waste water in a farm. Most particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for integrally treating livestock manure and milking parlor waste water in a farm with a dregs purification unit.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the livestock and poultry breeding industry, the waste generated is very serious to the pollution of the environment. The high content of organic nitrogen in livestock and poultry manure has become the main cause of eutrophication in water bodies. High-concentration organic wastewater discharged into surface water bodies of rivers and lakes can make suspended solids (SS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water , Five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), N, P and microbial content increase. When the pollutants exceed the self-purification capacity of the water body, the water quality continues to deteriorate.

The organic matter contained in livestock and poultry manure can be roughly divided into two categories: carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds. Livestock and poultry feces contain a large number of pathogenic microorganisms and parasite eggs, which will have harmful effects on the human body if they are not treated in time. The number of diseases brought by pigs, cattle and poultry is 26, 26 and 24 respectively, and the medium of transmission is mainly livestock and poultry manure. Drug-resistant bacteria produced by the use of antibiotics follow the use of wastewater and manure, enter the environment, and may transfer resistance genes to human pathogenic bacteria through related effects, posing a threat to human health.

The waste water enters the soil directly without treatment, and the microorganisms in the soil will decompose the protein, fat and other organic matter in the waste water. Among them, the nitrogen-containing organic matter is first decomposed into NH3, and then further oxidized into NO2- or NO3-; while the carbon-containing organic matter is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms, so that the soil is naturally purified. If the purification ability of the soil itself is not enough to deal with the pollutants entering the soil, the degradation of the pollutants will not be sufficient, and it is easy to produce malodorous substances and harmful substances. Such as nitrite, leading to the destruction of the original function of the soil.

In the early 1970s, in order to better develop anaerobic technology, Ghosh and Portland in the United States disclosed a two-phase anaerobic fermentation method. The methane-producing phase and the acid-producing phase are part of the process. From a biological point of view , because hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria and methanogenic bacteria are symbiotic and mutualistic bacteria, they are classified into one phase, that is, the methanogenic phase; and the fermenting bacteria are transformed into another phase, that is, the acid-producing phase. Because there are many kinds of acid-producing bacteria, they grow fast and are less sensitive to changes in environmental conditions; on the contrary, methanogenic bacteria are different, they have strong specificity, high requirements on the environment, and slow reproduction speed. The control method is the main phase separation technique.

ArsovR applied two-phase anaerobic technology to domestic wastewater treatment, indicating that both the methanogenic phase and the acidic phase obeyed the relevant principles of Monod kinetics. By controlling the hydraulic conditions of the acid phase and the granular sludge of the methane phase, the anaerobic phase was improved. Oxygen sludge activity and reached a higher level. Organic matter in manure is decomposed into CH4, CO2 and water through anaerobic microbial activity. The characteristics of this processing method are: low energy consumption, simple device, easy to implement and so on. The most important thing is that waste can be comprehensively utilized to realize resource treatment. Through the treatment of livestock and poultry manure through biogas facilities, a certain amount of renewable energy—biogas can be obtained. At the same time, the generated biogas slurry can be used for the production of farmland organic fertilizer; the generated biogas residue can also be made into organic fertilizer after treatment, and can even be used as feed for fish farming.

EP0794247A1 discloses a fermenter in which the fermented product is charged into a rotating drum in which a helix is arranged. Via this helix, the fermented product is plugged from the feed opening to the decay discharge opening. This conveying can be carried out with forward rotation and reverse rotation of the drum, wherein forward rotation, that is, the conveyance time of the fermented product to the direction of the fermented product discharge port is longer than the reversed conveyance, so as to achieve the predetermined residence time of the fermented product. Since the waste to be treated also contains not insignificant proportions of heavy materials and impurities, solutions with mechanical conveyors (EP0794247A1, EP0476217A1, DE19624268A1) are subject to considerable wear, since the conveyors and other interiors used are Damaged by deposits of impurities/heavy materials.

Patent document CN200910071230 discloses a three-stage treatment process for cow dung, in which straw powder accounting for 0.5-2 times the total volume of cow dung is added to the cow dung, and the mixed raw material of cow dung and straw is subjected to aerobic fermentation and heating treatment, and then used The loading machine is sent into the anaerobic reactor, and the biogas slurry is evenly sprayed on the fermentation raw materials in the anaerobic reactor several times, and the moisture content of the fermentation raw materials is adjusted between 75% and 80%, and a cycle of anaerobic fermentation treatment is carried out. The biogas slurry produced by anaerobic fermentation flows to the liquid storage tank for reuse and spraying. The biogas generated by the reactor enters the gas storage device after passing through the biogas cooling and purification system. After the anaerobic fermentation is completed, the fermentation residue is treated by aerobic fermentation. , when the moisture content of the fermentation residue drops to 30%-40%, stop the aerobic fermentation, and then after drying, the moisture content of the fermentation residue drops to 26%-10%, and send the fermentation residue to the pulverizer for crushing into granules shape, made into organic fertilizer and packaged for later use.

The patent document CN200910071230 cannot treat wastewater, and the efficiency of biogas generation is not high, and the production efficiency is low.

Patent document CN200610201218 discloses a hygienic and environment-friendly treatment method for excrement of urban residents and the facilities used therein. Among them, the biogas slag is dried and pulverized, and then added into blending granules to produce organic fertilizer.

One of the problems with conventional waste treatment equipment and methods is that deposits containing impurities/heavies can damage the treatment equipment. Another problem with traditional waste treatment equipment and methods is that it is impossible to accurately control the amount of feed, reaction timing and production cycle, the production efficiency is low, and wastewater cannot be treated at the same time, because adding wastewater to traditional equipment will lead to anaerobic fermentation The degree of reaction may even lead to the inability to implement the reaction and affect the gas production. Another problem with traditional waste treatment equipment and methods is that they cannot make full use of microbial complex agents, resulting in low production efficiency. Another problem with traditional waste treatment equipment and methods is that it is difficult to increase the total amount of gas produced due to the inability to accurately control the feed rate and other factors to obtain the best reaction conditions. Another problem with traditional waste treatment equipment and methods is that the biogas slurry, a by-product of anaerobic fermentation of farm manure, is a high-concentration organic wastewater. The use of conventional sewage treatment technology consumes a lot of energy and is economically unfeasible. For example, the existing technology After the digestion reaction in the process is completed, the treatment of the slag needs to be heated and dried to make organic fertilizer. This process consumes a lot of heat energy, and the production of organic fertilizer takes too long to process the slag discharged from cycle production in time. The invention utilizes the waste liquid separated from the waste liquid to be purified by the waste liquid separated from the waste liquid by the slag purification unit which is combined by the absorption of plants, the adsorption of the matrix, and the interception and filtration, and can achieve the purpose of purification at low cost and with controllable time.

The present invention seeks to overcome or at least moderately alleviate some or all of the above-mentioned problems.

The object of the present invention further seeks to provide a device and method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit.

Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for treating livestock and poultry manure and waste water in farms with a slag purification unit. The mixed reaction of livestock and poultry manure and waste water not only increases the gas production, but also does not reduce the degree of anaerobic fermentation reaction.

Further, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for integrated treatment of livestock and poultry manure and milking parlor wastewater with a slag purification unit.

Contents of the invention

Throughout the description and claims of the application, the term "farm waste" and its variants refer to "including but not limited to" livestock manure and wastewater from farms. The term "livestock manure" includes at least manure, and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other parts, additives. The term "waste water" and its variants mean "including but not limited to" milking parlor waste water, and they are not intended (and are not) to exclude other parts, additions. The term "sludge" and its variants refer to "including but not limited to" the sludge discharged after the completion of the digestion reaction, and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other parts, additives. The terms "comprising" and "comprising" and their variations mean "including but not limited to", and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other parts, additives, components, integers or steps. Throughout the specification and claims of this application, the singular includes the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, when an indefinite article is used, unless the context requires otherwise, this application should be understood to include the plural as well as the singular.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit, which includes:

A treatment unit, the treatment unit includes a livestock and poultry manure treatment unit and a waste water treatment unit, the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit includes a feed inlet, a separation unit and a discharge outlet, and the livestock and poultry manure enters from the feed inlet through a conveying unit The separation unit is capable of separating livestock and poultry manure from solid impurities such as stones, and the separated and treated livestock and poultry manure is discharged from the outlet. Preferably, the outlet is provided with a filter unit, and the filter unit prevents solid impurities with a diameter larger than a set value from passing through the outlet. More preferably, the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit further includes a solid impurity outlet for discharging the separated solid impurities out of the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit. The separation unit can separate livestock and poultry manure from solid impurities such as stones. Preferably, the separation unit is a grid-type separation screen. More preferably, the grid-type separation screen can control the separation speed through a motor . Preferably, the separation unit is a drum type separation unit. The waste water treatment unit includes a water inlet, a waste water separation unit and a water outlet. The waste water enters the waste water separation unit from the water inlet through a delivery pipe, and the waste water separation unit can separate floating oil, foam, etc. in the waste water. matter and solid impurities, and the separated and treated wastewater is discharged from the water outlet. Preferably, the water outlet is located in the middle of the waste water separation unit, so as to facilitate the discharge of waste water with the best separation effect. The waste water separation unit includes a filter assembly capable of separating floating matter such as floating oil, foam, and solid impurities in waste water. Preferably, the wastewater separation unit includes a float discharge unit capable of discharging float on the liquid surface. Preferably, the feed inlet, feed outlet, water inlet and water outlet are adjusted through the corresponding pumps and gates of the control unit. The pump is preferably a hydraulic pump. Preferably, the control unit controls the delivery speed of the feed port and the water inlet according to the production cycle, and the control unit controls the discharge speed of the outlet and the water outlet according to the production cycle.

The processing unit effectively removes solid impurities in raw materials, avoids damage to equipment by impurities, and discharges floats such as oil slicks and foams in raw materials that are not conducive to reaction, thereby improving the degree of anaerobic fermentation reaction.

A mixing unit, the livestock and poultry manure discharged from the processing unit enters the mixing unit through the first inlet on one side of the mixing unit through the pipeline, and the waste water discharged from the processing unit enters the mixing unit through the second inlet on the other side of the mixing unit through the pipeline, The mixing unit includes a mixing component for mixing livestock manure and waste water into a mixed raw material in a predetermined ratio. Preferably, the range of solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 6-11%. In particular, the range of solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 10%.

This equipment mixes livestock and poultry manure and waste water into mixed raw materials according to a predetermined ratio, and integrates the two wastes in the farm, and through the appropriate ratio, under appropriate conditions, not only does not reduce the gas production, but increases gas production.

The anaerobic fermentation reactor includes a shell, a feed part, a stirring part, a discharge part, a gas discharge part, a containment part, a detection unit and a control unit, wherein,

The feeding part includes a mixed raw material feeding port and a microbial compound bacterial agent feeding port. The feed section comprises a pump and a gate connected to a control unit which controls the opening and closing of the pump and the gate.

The microbial compound bacterial agent is preferably derived from biogas slurry. More preferably, the microbial composite bacterial agent is derived from biogas slurry discharged from biogas tanks that have been operating stably.

The anaerobic fermentation reactor operates continuously, and the mixed raw material feed port adopts sequential batch intermittent feeding. Before each feed, a certain amount of slag in the anaerobic fermentation reactor is first discharged through the discharge part and then fed.

The stirring part provided on the housing includes at least a plurality of stirrers driven by a stirring motor connected to the control unit. The agitator includes a stirring shaft and a stirring blade, the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft, the stirring blades are fixedly arranged on the stirring shaft evenly distributed on the circumference and are located in the anaerobic fermentation reactor, the adjacent stirring blades At least a part of the stirring area overlaps, so that all places in the anaerobic fermentation reactor can be fully stirred, and the control unit controls at least a plurality of stirrers to operate alternately. Optionally, the control unit controls at least a plurality of agitators to rotate in different rotation directions. Preferably, there are 2-4 agitators, and the agitators cross-stir. The stirring part is arranged on the shell at the top part of the shell. Preferably, the stirring part is arranged on the shell at the bottom part of the shell and is driven by a submersible circulating pump.

The overlapping arrangement of stirring blades is conducive to sufficient stirring. Through research, this device has found that when the stirring areas of adjacent stirring blades overlap by half and the adjacent stirring blades rotate in opposite directions, the time to achieve sufficient stirring is the shortest.

The discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the shell of the anaerobic fermentation reactor, and is used for discharging the material slag formed after the reaction of the mixed raw materials is completed. The discharge part is connected with a slag pump to discharge the slag regularly.

The gas discharge part includes a gas outlet, a pressure sensor and a gas flow meter. The pressure sensor arranged at the gas outlet for monitoring the internal pressure of the anaerobic fermentation reactor is connected to the control unit. Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation reactor includes an explosion-proof valve arranged on the housing. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure exceeds When the pressure value exceeds the pressure threshold, the explosion-proof valve can be opened. The gas flow meter arranged at the gas outlet is used to calculate the gas output.

The accommodating portion communicating with the microbial composite bacterial agent injection port includes a cylindrical inner wall, an outer wall surrounding the cylindrical inner wall, and a bottom plate connecting the cylindrical inner wall and the bottom of the outer wall, wherein the inner wall is provided with a plurality of first One hole, the outer wall is provided with a plurality of second holes, and the annular space between the inner wall and the outer wall is filled with pleated soft biological fillers so that the annular space forms a biofilm, which prolongs the residence time of biological bacteria and increases the reaction rate. Increase the microbial density in the device, increase the speed of anaerobic fermentation, and increase the rate of biogas production. Preferably, the pleated soft biological packing is preferably a pleated soft biological packing imitating the biological characteristics of the bovine rumen. The anaerobic fermentation reaction unit includes three layers of cylindrical walls forming at least two annular spaces. Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation reaction unit is made of polypropylene or polyethylene. More preferably, the cross section of the inner wall and the outer wall is trapezoidal.

The device increases the residence time of biological bacteria through the accommodation part, and improves production efficiency, especially uses the annular space between the inner wall and the outer wall to fill the pleated soft biological filler so that the annular space forms a biofilm, further improving production efficiency. The alternate arrangement of the first holes and the second holes effectively slows down the delivery of the microbial compound bacterial agent, and more particularly, the preferably folded soft biological filler is beneficial to the anaerobic fermentation reaction.

The detection unit connected to the control unit includes a temperature sensor, a pH meter. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation reactor and sends a temperature signal to the control unit, and the pH meter detects the pH of the anaerobic fermentation reactor and sends a pH signal to the control unit. The control unit controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C. The control unit controls the pH of the anaerobic fermentation reactor to be between 6.8-7.4.

The middle and lower part of the housing is provided with a temperature control device. Preferably, a temperature control device is provided at the lower third of the casing. The temperature control device is a hollow and sealed ring heater. The annular heater is provided with a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet. Preferably, the heat medium in the ring heater is hot water. Optionally, the temperature control device adopts a temperature-controllable constant temperature water bath. The control unit controls the temperature control device through the temperature sensor. Optionally, the control unit controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve of the temperature control device. When the water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control unit starts the temperature control device to heat , when the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the control unit activates the solenoid valve and introduces cooling water to reduce the temperature to the set temperature, so that the cycle maintains a constant anaerobic tank fermentation temperature. The shell is covered with a certain thickness of insulation layer. Preferably, the insulation layer is made of high molecular polymer, and more preferably, the insulation layer is polyurethane.

The control unit is connected to the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit, the waste water treatment unit and the mixing unit, the hydraulic pumps and gates of the feeding part and the discharging part, and is connected to the stirring motor, the temperature control device and the detection unit. The control unit is set according to the production cycle The expected value controls the hydraulic pump to pump livestock and poultry manure and waste water, mixes the livestock and poultry manure and waste water in a predetermined ratio to form a mixed raw material, and controls the feeding timing and feeding time of the mixed raw material inlet of the feeding part by controlling the pump of the feeding part. When the control unit controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the stirrer to stir the mixed raw materials in the anaerobic fermentation reactor for digestion reaction to generate biogas and discharge slag. The control unit of this equipment accurately controls the feed rate and other factors to obtain the best reaction conditions and improve the total gas production and production efficiency.

The slag enters the slag purification unit, and the slag purification unit includes a feed pipeline, a slag solid-liquid separation unit and a waste liquid outflow pipeline, and the slag enters the slag solid-liquid separation unit through the feed pipeline, and the separated The waste liquid enters the slag purification part from the waste liquid outflow pipe, and the slag purification part includes the upper liquid inlet, the uppermost soil layer, the second microbial layer, the third sand layer and the fourth The purification layer composed of the gravel layer and the bottom biofilm layer and the liquid outlet at the lower end. Among them, plants with strong nitrogen fixation performance, such as calamus (Acorus tartarinowii), reed (Phragmites australis), cattail (Typhasp.), rush (Juncus effuses), calamus (Acorus), ryegrass (Lolium perenne), canna (Canna edulis), Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crssipes) etc. are planted between the soil layer and the second layer of microbial bacterial agent layer, and the waste liquid enters the second layer with microbial interpretation after the absorption of plants, and the waste after further purification The waste liquid enters the biofilm layer after being filtered through the sand layer and the gravel layer, and the waste liquid is purified after being filtered by the biofilm layer. Wherein the liquid inlet is connected to the control unit, and the control unit adjusts the purification progress by controlling the water intake. The present invention obtains the estimation formula through research and analysis

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Fqt</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.0365</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the formula: Q——predetermined flow rate of waste liquid;

F - the land area of the purification layer;

q—hydraulic load, the ratio of waste liquid that can be treated by the purification layer per unit area;

t - the number of weeks of operation;

0.0365——conversion factor.

According to the flow of waste liquid to be treated, the area of the purification layer can be adjusted; if the production cycle needs to shorten the number of operating weeks, if the flow of waste liquid is not adjusted, the area of the purification layer can be adjusted or by increasing the purification The thickness of the layer or adjust the layers in the purification layer to adjust the hydraulic load.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit, which includes:

The bottom of the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit for treating livestock and poultry manure is in the shape of a funnel inclined towards the center, and the wastewater separation unit included in the wastewater treatment unit includes filtration that can separate floating substances such as floating oil, foam, and solid impurities in the wastewater components;

A mixing unit, which includes a mixing unit for mixing livestock and poultry manure and waste water into a mixed raw material according to a predetermined ratio, wherein the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is in the range of 6-11%;

An anaerobic fermentation reactor, which at least includes a shell, a stirring part, a containing part, a detection unit and a control unit, wherein

The stirring part provided on the housing includes at least one stirrer comprising a stirring shaft and stirring blades, the stirring blades are fixedly arranged evenly distributed on the circumference of the stirring shaft, wherein at least part of the stirring areas of adjacent stirring blades overlap, the The control unit controls at least one agitator to operate alternately;

The accommodating part communicated with the microbial composite bacterial agent input port includes a cylindrical inner wall, an outer wall surrounding the cylindrical inner wall and a bottom plate connecting the cylindrical inner wall and the bottom of the outer wall, and the annular space between the inner wall and the outer wall is filled with folds and soft The non-toxic biological filler makes the annular space form a biofilm, wherein there are through holes on the inner wall and the outer wall;

The control unit including a processor, a memory and a communication interface is connected to the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit, the waste water treatment unit and the mixing unit, the hydraulic pumps and gates of the feeding part and the discharging part, and is connected to the stirring motor, the temperature control device on the shell and detection unit, where

The control unit controls the hydraulic pump to pump livestock and poultry manure and wastewater according to the expected value according to the production cycle, mixes the livestock and poultry manure and wastewater according to a predetermined ratio to form a mixed raw material, and controls the pump in the feeding part to enter the mixed raw material intermittently into batches. Feed port and feeding amount, and the control unit controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the stirrer to stir the mixed raw materials in the anaerobic fermentation reactor for digestion React, generate biogas and discharge slag.

The slag enters the slag purification unit, which includes a feed pipeline, a slag solid-liquid separation unit, a waste liquid outflow pipeline and a slag purification unit. The slag enters the slag solid-liquid separation unit through the feed pipeline, and the separated The waste liquid enters the slag purification unit from the waste liquid outflow pipe, wherein

The slag purification component includes a liquid inlet at the upper end, a purification layer composed of the uppermost soil layer, the second microbial layer, the third sand layer, the fourth gravel layer and the lowest biofilm layer As well as the liquid outlet at the lower end, the control unit connected to the liquid inlet adjusts the purification by controlling the liquid intake through the following formula, wherein:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Fqt</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.0365</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

(1) In the formula: Q—predetermined waste liquid flow;

F—the land area of the purification layer;

q—hydraulic load, the volume ratio of waste liquid that can be treated by the purification layer per unit area;

t—running weeks;

0.0365——conversion factor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit, which includes the following steps:

Provide the above-mentioned equipment for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit;

Treatment of livestock and poultry manure and wastewater through treatment units;

The mixed raw material is obtained by mixing the treated livestock manure and waste water through the mixing unit, wherein the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 6-11%;

The mixed raw materials enter the anaerobic fermentation reactor for digestion reaction, wherein the control unit controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the stirrer to stir the anaerobic fermentation reaction The mixed raw materials in the tank are digested to produce methane and slag;

Adjust the area of the purification layer or adjust the hydraulic load by increasing the thickness of the purification layer.

According to another preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit, which further includes the following steps:

Provide the above-mentioned equipment for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit;

Treatment of livestock and poultry manure and wastewater through treatment units;

The mixed raw material is obtained by mixing the treated livestock and poultry manure and waste water through the mixing unit, wherein the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 6-11%;

Before each feed, the control unit first discharges a certain amount of slag in the anaerobic fermentation reactor through the discharge part, and then pumps a certain amount of mixed raw material into the mixed raw material inlet; by controlling the flow rate of the liquid inlet To control waste liquid purification.

Through the control of the incoming and outgoing materials by the control unit, the problem of inability to accurately control the reaction process in the prior art can be improved, and the production efficiency can be improved.

Preferably, the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 10%. Under the solid concentration of this equipment, the production efficiency can be realized optimally.

Description of drawings

Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the livestock and poultry excrement processing unit of the equipment for processing farm wastes with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the wastewater treatment unit of the equipment for processing farm wastes with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of gas production between raw materials without waste water and raw materials added with waste water of the mixed raw materials of the equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the mixing unit of the equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the different solid concentration pH schematic diagrams of the equipment for processing farm waste with slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the daily gas production at different solid concentrations of the equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of gas production at different solid concentrations of the equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the containing part of the equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the anaerobic fermentation reactor of the equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the slag purification unit of the equipment for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a purification curve of ammonia nitrogen in the slag purification unit of the equipment for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Also, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present invention.

Treatment unit 36 comprises livestock and poultry manure treatment unit 6 and waste water treatment unit 7, referring to Fig. 1, the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit 6 that is used to process livestock and poultry manure comprises feed inlet 1, is used for the livestock and poultry manure and solid impurity separation Separation unit 2 and outlet 3. The feed port 1 is located on the top of the livestock and poultry manure processing unit 6, and the livestock and poultry manure falls into the separation unit 2 by gravity, and since the solid impurities are heavier than the livestock and poultry manure, it is beneficial to separate solid impurities such as stones. Optionally, the separation unit 2 is a drum type separation unit. Preferably, the separation unit 2 is a grid-type separation screen, and more preferably, the separation speed of the grid-type separation screen can be controlled by a motor. The motor drives the separation unit 2 to move centrifugally so as to separate solid impurities. The discharge port 3 is located at the middle and lower part of the livestock and poultry manure processing unit 6 , which is beneficial to discharge the separated and processed livestock and poultry manure under pressure from the discharge port 3 without mixing solid impurities into the discharge port 3 . Preferably, the discharge port 3 is provided with a discharge pump controlled by a control unit for sucking and separating the processed livestock and poultry manure.

Preferably, the outlet is provided with a filter unit 4 to prevent solid impurities from passing through. The bottom of the livestock and poultry manure processing unit 6 is in the shape of a funnel inclined toward the center, and a discharge outlet 5 for discharging solid impurities is provided at the center. The above-mentioned structure is conducive to collecting the separated solid impurities and improving the separation effect.

More preferably, a hydraulic pump is provided on the feed port 1, and the control unit controls the hydraulic pump to pump livestock and poultry manure according to a desired value according to the production cycle, so as to control the conveying speed of the feed port.

More preferably, a hydraulic pump is provided on the discharge port 2, and the control unit controls the hydraulic pump to pump livestock and poultry manure according to the expected value according to the production cycle, so as to control the discharge speed of the discharge port.

Referring to Fig. 2, the wastewater treatment unit 7 for treating wastewater includes a water inlet 8, a wastewater separation unit 9 and a water outlet 10, the water inlet 8 is located at the top of the wastewater treatment unit 7, and the wastewater separation unit 9 includes a filter assembly 11 for filtering oil, The filter assembly can block the oil in the passing wastewater to one side. Preferably, the wastewater separation unit 9 includes a multi-layer filter assembly 11 for filtering oil, which is beneficial to improve the wastewater treatment effect. Optionally, the waste water separation unit 9 is capable of separating floats such as floating oil, foam, and solid impurities in the waste water. The water outlet 10 is arranged in the middle of one side of the waste water treatment unit 7 , which facilitates the discharge of the treated waste water from the water outlet 10 . Preferably, the waste water separation unit 9 includes a floating solid discharge unit (not shown) capable of discharging floating solids on the liquid surface.

Preferably, the water outlet 10 is provided with a discharge pump controlled by a control unit for sucking and separating treated waste water.

More preferably, one side of the water outlet 10 is provided with a filter assembly 11 for filtering oil pollution for further filtering waste water. More preferably, a hydraulic pump is provided on the water inlet 8, and the control unit controls the hydraulic pump to pump waste water according to the expected value according to the production cycle, so as to control the delivery speed of the water inlet.

More preferably, a hydraulic pump is provided on the water outlet 10, and the control unit 26 controls the hydraulic pump to pump the treated waste water according to the expected value according to the production cycle, so as to control the discharge speed of the water outlet.

Compared with the prior art, the improvement of the present invention lies in that floating matter such as slick oil and foam which are not conducive to digestion reaction in the waste water is removed through the treatment unit. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of gas production of mixed raw materials and raw materials without adding waste water according to the equipment of the present invention, wherein ▲ represents raw materials without adding waste water; As can be seen from Figure 3, the cumulative gas production of the livestock and poultry manure of the present invention with the treated milking wastewater added is greater than that without milking wastewater, and the degree of anaerobic fermentation reaction is not reduced. Adding wastewater to livestock and poultry manure can promote the decomposition of organic matter in cow manure, generate more methane, and significantly improve the gas production efficiency of the cow manure fermentation system. After treatment, the wastewater is added to the cow manure anaerobic digestion system as dilution water The daily gas production and the VFA concentration and pH value of the fermented liquid have smaller changes, indicating that adding treated wastewater to the cow dung fermentation system can improve the stability of the system and promote the performance of anaerobic digestion of cow dung to produce biogas.

Referring to Fig. 4, the mixing unit 12 that is used to mix livestock and poultry manure and waste water into a mixed raw material in a desired predetermined ratio includes a first inlet 13, a second inlet 14, and is used to mix livestock and poultry manure and waste water into a mixed raw material in a predetermined ratio. A mixing part 15 for the raw material and a discharge port 16 for discharging the completely mixed mixed raw material. Wherein, the first inlet 13 is located on one side of the mixing unit 12, and is used to pass the livestock and poultry manure discharged from the livestock and poultry manure processing unit 6 into the mixing unit. The first inlet 13 is provided with a hydraulic pump connected to the control unit for controlling input The amount of livestock and poultry manure, the second inlet 14 is located on the other side of the mixing unit 12, and is used to input the waste water discharged from the wastewater treatment unit 7 into the mixing unit 12 through a pipeline, and the second inlet 14 is provided with a hydraulic pump connected to the control unit, For controlling the amount of waste water input, the mixing unit 12 includes a mixing part 15 for mixing the animal manure and waste water into a mixed raw material in a predetermined ratio, the mixing part is connected to the control unit, and the control unit mixes the animal manure and the waste water in a predetermined proportion. waste water. The discharge port 16 discharges the mixed raw material completely mixed in a predetermined ratio.

Preferably, the mixing element 15 is an agitator, more preferably, the mixing unit 12 comprises at least one mixing element 15 .

Preferably, the range of solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 6-11%. In particular, the range of solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 10%.

In the prior art, there is no relevant research on the solid concentration and gas production of the mixed raw material mixed with livestock manure and waste water. The present invention studies the solid concentration range of the mixed raw material. The present invention has selected the influence of different solid concentrations on the pH of the anaerobic fermentation system when the solid concentration of the mixed raw materials is 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%, as shown in Figure 5, the ordinate represents the pH value, and the horizontal axis Coordinates represent time. The pH of the anaerobic fermentation broth is affected by a combination of microbial and chemical processes. It is the result of the interaction of CO2 balance between gas/liquid phase, acid-base balance in liquid phase and dissolution balance between solid/liquid phase. The suitable pH condition for the growth of anaerobic fermentation bacteria is that the fermentation broth is in a neutral or slightly alkaline environment, while the methanogenic bacteria are very sensitive to pH. The most suitable pH range measured by this application is 6.8-7.4 through research. In the process of acid production by anaerobic fermentation, the increase of organic acid concentration will cause the pH of the digestive juice to decrease, and the increase of ammonia, the decomposition product of organic matter, will cause the pH to increase. Appropriate pH can create a good environmental condition for the efficient operation of the entire anaerobic reactor.

The pH of the four different solid concentrations all decreased first and then increased gradually, which was consistent with the process of hydrolysis-acidogenesis-methanation in the anaerobic fermentation process. At the same time, the range of change is between 6.4-7.4, indicating that the reaction environment is suitable and the system does not cause acid damage. This also proves that under the condition of proper mixing ratio of livestock and poultry manure and wastewater, not only will not reduce the gas production as in the prior art, but adding wastewater can provide a suitable environment for the anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and increase the gas production.

Referring to Fig. 6, the ordinate represents the daily gas production, and the abscissa represents the time. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that with the increase of the solid concentration of the fermentation material, the daily production also gradually increases. The gas production with solid concentration of 10% is higher than that of other groups, because the concentration of this group is high and the content of organic matter is higher than that of the other three groups. In the first 10 days of the reaction, the gas production of the fourth group of treatments was higher than that of the other three treatments. It can be seen from Figure 6 that the gas production of the fourth group of treatments is also significantly higher than that of the other three groups, which is beneficial to improving the reaction speed and shortening the reaction cycle; Figure 6 shows the cumulative gas production of different solid concentrations, from which it can be seen It can be seen that the growth trend of the four groups is basically the same, and the cumulative output gradually increases with the increase of time, and then tends to be stable.

Referring to Fig. 7, the ordinate represents the cumulative gas production, and the abscissa represents the time. It can be concluded that the gas production with a solid concentration of 10% is the highest, and the cumulative gas production in the first 10 days of the reaction is also the highest. The mixed raw material with a solid concentration of 10% can Improve the reaction speed, shorten the reaction cycle and maximize the gas production.

The present invention studies the mixed raw materials with a solid concentration of 12% and 15%, and the gas production with a solid concentration of 12% is higher than that with a solid concentration of 10%, but the cumulative gas production in the first 10 days is not as high as that with a solid concentration of 10% , It is not conducive to improving the reaction speed and shortening the reaction cycle; the gas production with a solid concentration of 15% is lower than that with a solid concentration of 12%, and the cumulative gas production in the first 10 days is not as high as that with a solid concentration of 12%. This shows that the greater the solid concentration, the greater the gas production. The present invention obtains through experimental research that when the solid concentration is 10%, the reaction speed is fast, the reaction period is short, and the gas production efficiency is high.

In a preferred embodiment, the control unit mixes livestock manure and waste water according to a predetermined ratio to obtain a mixed raw material with a solid concentration of 10%.

Referring to Fig. 8, the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 comprises a housing 18, a feed part 20, a stirring part 22, a discharge part 21, a gas discharge part 23, an accommodating part 24, a detection unit 25 and a control unit 26, wherein,

The feeding part 20 includes a mixed raw material feeding port 20b and a microbial compound bacterial agent feeding port 20a. Said feed section 20 comprises a pump and a gate connected to a control unit 26 which controls the opening and closing of the pump and gate, not shown.

Preferably, the control unit 26 controls the pump to periodically transport the mixed raw material into the mixed raw material feed port 20b and to periodically transport the microbial compound bacterial agent into the microbial compound bacterial agent input port 20a.

Preferably, the microbial compound bacterial agent is derived from the biogas slurry discharged from the biogas tank that has been running stably.

Preferably, the control unit 26 controls the pump to intermittently enter the mixed raw material into the mixed raw material feed port 20b in a sequencing batch, so that the anaerobic fermentation reactor operates continuously. More preferably, when the control unit 26 controls the pump to enter the mixed raw material into the mixed raw material feed port 20b intermittently in the sequence batch mode, before each feed, the control unit 26 first puts the slag in the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 After a certain amount is discharged through the discharge part 21, a certain amount of mixed raw material is pumped into the mixed raw material inlet 20b.

The stirring section 22 provided on the housing 18 includes at least one stirrer 22 a driven by a stirring motor connected to the control unit 26 . The stirring portion 20 is provided on the top portion of the housing 18 .

In another embodiment of the present invention, the stirring part 20 is arranged at the bottom part of the housing 18 and driven by a submersible circulating pump.

Described stirrer 22a comprises stirring shaft 22b and stirring blade 22c, and stirring motor drives stirring shaft 22b, and stirring blade 22c is fixedly arranged on the circumference of stirring shaft 22b, and wherein the stirring area of adjacent stirring blade 22c is at least a part overlapping, so that all places in the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 can fully stir, and the control unit 26 controls at least one stirrer to operate alternately. Optionally, the control unit 26 controls multiple agitators 22a to rotate in different rotation directions simultaneously. Preferably, there are 2-4 agitators 22a and they are cross-stirred.

Preferably, the adjacent stirring blades 22c overlap half of the stirring areas and rotate in opposite rotation directions.

Preferably, the stirring blades 22c have different diameters. More preferably, the stirring blades 22c can be inclined at different angles on the stirring shaft 22b.

The discharge part 21 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 18 of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17, and is used for discharging the material slag formed after the reaction of the mixed raw materials is completed. The discharge part 21 is connected with a slag pump to discharge the slag regularly. Optionally, the slag pump is a hydraulic pump controlled by the control unit 26 .

The gas discharge part 23 includes a gas outlet, a pressure sensor and a gas flow meter. The pressure sensor arranged at the gas outlet for monitoring the internal pressure of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 is connected to the control unit. Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 includes an explosion-proof valve 27 arranged on the housing. When the pressure sensor When a pressure value exceeding a pressure threshold is detected, the explosion-proof valve 27 may be opened. The gas flow meter arranged at the gas outlet is used to calculate the gas output.

Referring to Fig. 9, the accommodating portion 24 communicated with the microbial compound bacterial agent delivery port 20a includes a cylindrical inner wall (28), an outer wall (29) surrounding the cylindrical inner wall (28) and connecting the cylindrical inner wall and the outer wall The base plate (30) at the bottom, wherein, the inner wall (28) is provided with a plurality of first holes (31), the outer wall (29) is provided with a plurality of second holes (32), and the base plate 30 A third hole 35 is provided, and the annular space (33) between the inner wall (28) and the outer wall (29) is filled with pleated soft biofillers (34) so that the annular space forms a biofilm, which prolongs the retention time of biological bacteria. time, increase the density of microorganisms in the reactor, increase the speed of anaerobic fermentation, and increase the rate of biogas production. Preferably, the pleated soft biological filler (34) is preferably a pleated soft biological filler imitating biological characteristics of a bovine rumen.

Preferably, the receiving portion 24 includes three layers of cylindrical walls forming at least two annular spaces. Preferably, the accommodating portion 24 is made of polypropylene or polyethylene. More preferably, the section of the inner wall 28 and the outer wall (29) is trapezoidal.

Preferably, the first holes (31) and the second holes (32) are arranged alternately, which is beneficial to prolong the residence time of biological bacteria.

The detection unit 25 connected to the control unit 26 includes a temperature sensor, a pH meter. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 and sends a temperature signal to the control unit 26 , and the pH meter detects the pH of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 and sends a pH signal to the control unit 26 . The control unit 26 controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C. The control unit 26 controls the pH of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 to be between 6.8-7.4.

Preferably, the detection unit 25 is connected with a pressure sensor and a gas flow meter.

Optionally, the control unit 26 adjusts the pH of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 to be between 6.8-7.4 by controlling the feed amount of the mixed raw material feed port 20b. More preferably, the control unit 26 adjusts the pH of the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 to be between 6.8-7.4 by controlling the dosage of the microbial compound bacterial agent inlet 20a.

The outer wall of the housing 18 is provided with a temperature control device 19 . Optionally, a temperature control device 19 is provided at the lower third of the casing 18 . The temperature control device 19 is a hollow and sealed ring heater. The annular heater is provided with a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet.

Preferably, the heat medium in the ring heater is hot water. Optionally, the temperature control device adopts a temperature-controllable constant temperature water bath. The control unit 26 controls the temperature control device 19 through the temperature sensor. Optionally, the control unit 26 controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve of the temperature control device 19. When the water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control unit 26 Start the temperature control device 19 to heat, when the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the control unit starts the solenoid valve, introduces cooling water to reduce the temperature to the set temperature, and keeps the constant anaerobic tank fermentation temperature in this way.

The housing 18 is covered with a certain thickness of insulation layer. Preferably, the insulation layer is made of high molecular polymer, and more preferably, the insulation layer is polyurethane.

Preferably, the outer wall of the temperature control device 19 adopts a sandwich structure filled with thermal insulation materials, and a hot water pipe is arranged in the sandwich.

The control unit 26 is connected to the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit 6 , the hydraulic pump of the waste water treatment unit 9 and the mixing unit 12 , the pump and gate of the feeding part 20 , the slag pump of the discharging part 21 , the stirring motor and the detection unit 25 . Wherein, the control unit 26 controls the hydraulic pump to pump livestock and poultry manure and waste water according to the expected value according to the production cycle, mixes the livestock and poultry manure and waste water according to a predetermined ratio to form a mixed raw material, and controls the feed part by controlling the pump of the feed part 20 When the feeding timing and feeding amount of the mixed raw material feeding port are controlled, and the control unit 26 controls the fermentation temperature to be controlled at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit 26 sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the stirrer to stir the tire The mixed raw materials in the oxygen fermentation reactor 17 are digested to generate biogas and discharge slag.

Control unit 26 includes a processor, memory and a communication interface. Typical controllers can be connected to workstations or other external devices such as control panels and/or databases. The controller can receive data from input devices and/or sensing circuits. The sensor circuit receives sensor signals from sensors used to measure feed amount, solid concentration value, temperature, ph value, etc. Additional, different or fewer components may be included.

The processor can analyze the sensory data to determine how to handle the timing and conditions of the anaerobic fermentation reaction. In another embodiment, the processor may compile, organize or analyze the sensory data in a stored format in memory. processor to perform statistical analysis on the data. Based on the analysis of the data, the processor can determine the performance of the anaerobic fermentation reaction. The processor can generate information including capabilities and send the information using the communication interface to the workstation or the user's mobile device.

Processors may include general purpose processors, digital signal processors, application specific integrated circuits ASICs, field programmable gate arrays FPGAs, analog circuits, digital circuits, combinations thereof, or other known or later developed processors. A processor may be a single device or a combination of devices, eg, in connection with networking, distributed processing, or cloud computing.

The memory can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The memory may include one or more read only memory ROM, random access memory RAM, flash memory, electronically erasable programmable read only memory EEPROM, or other types of memory. Memory 302 may be removable from the network device, such as a Secure Digital SD memory card.

An input device may be used to input thresholds and parameters as described above. The input device may be one or more buttons, a keypad, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch pad, voice recognition circuitry, or other devices or components for entering data into the control unit 26 . The input device and display can be combined into a touch screen. The input means may be an interface connected to a mobile device such as a smartphone, computer or notebook for sending user settings to the control unit.

In addition to ingress ports and egress ports, the communications interface may include any operable connection ports. An operable interface may be one over which signals, physical communications and/or logical communications may be sent and/or received. Operable connections may include physical interfaces, electrical interfaces, and/or data interfaces. The communication interface can be connected to a network. The network may include a wired network such as Ethernet, a wireless network, or a combination thereof. The wireless network can be a cellular telephone network, 802.11, 802.16, 802.20 or WiMax network. Further, the network may be a public network such as the Internet, a private network such as an internal network, or a combination thereof and may use existing or later developed various network protocols, including but not limited to TCP/IP based on network protocols.

When a computer-readable medium such as a memory or a database is shown as a single medium, the term "computer-readable medium" includes a single medium or multiple media such as a centralized or distributed database and/or a Associated caches and servers. The term "computer-readable medium" shall also include any medium capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor or causing a computer system to perform any one or more of the methods or operations disclosed herein.

In one non-limiting exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable medium may include solid-state memory such as a memory card or other component housing one or more non-volatile read-only memories. Further, the computer readable medium may be random access memory or other volatile rewritable memory. In alternative embodiments, dedicated hardware implementations such as application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic arrays, and other hardware devices may be configured to implement one or more of the methods described herein. Applications that may include the apparatus and systems of various embodiments may broadly include a variety of electronic and computer systems. Embodiments described herein may implement functions using two or more specifically interconnected hardware modules or devices with associated control and data signals that can travel between and through the modules. communications, or as part of an ASIC.

Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor can receive instructions and data from a read only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer may also include or be operatively coupled to receive data or transmit data, or both, for storing data, one or more mass storage devices, such as magnetic, magneto-optical or optical disks. Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media, and memory devices, including semiconductor memory devices such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks; magneto-optical disks; and CDROM and DVD-ROM disks. Processors and memory can be supplemented, or incorporated in special purpose logic circuits.

The slag enters the slag purification unit. The slag purification unit includes a feed pipeline, a slag solid-liquid separation unit and a waste liquid outflow pipeline. The slag solid-liquid separation unit is a drum type separation unit. Preferably, the slag solid-liquid separation unit performs solid-liquid separation by pressing. Preferably, the control unit 26 controls the operation of the feed pipeline and the slag solid-liquid separation unit.

Referring to Figure 10, the slag enters the slag solid-liquid separation unit through the feed pipe, and the separated waste liquid enters the slag purification unit 37 from the waste liquid outflow pipe, and the slag purification unit 37 includes a liquid inlet at the upper end 38. The purification layer composed of the uppermost soil layer 39, the second microbial layer 40, the third sand layer 41, the fourth gravel layer 42 and the lowermost biofilm layer 43 and the liquid outlet at the lower end 44. Wherein plants with strong nitrogen fixation performance, such as calamus calamus, reed, cattail, rush, calamus, ryegrass, canna, water hyacinth, etc. are planted between the soil layer and the second layer of microbial bacterial agent layer, and the plant 45 is preferably Dieffenbachia or Dieffenbachia. After absorption by plants and purification of the soil layer, the waste liquid enters the second layer with microbial degradation, preferably including yeasts. The soil layer 39 preferably has a thickness of 30-50 cm.

The further purified waste liquid is filtered through the sand layer 41 and the gravel layer 42 and then enters the biofilm layer 43. After being filtered by the biofilm layer 43, the waste liquid is purified. The sand layer 41 and the gravel layer 42 are preferably 20-40 cm thick. The gravel of the gravel layer 42 is preferably about 2-5 cm in diameter. The biofilm layer 43 is preferably a nanofiber carrier, more preferably, the biofilm layer 43 is preferably a nanofiber polymer carrier.

The liquid inlet 38 is connected to the control unit 26, and the control unit 26 adjusts the purification progress by controlling the water intake. The present invention obtains the estimation formula through research and analysis

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Fqt</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.0365</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the formula: Q——predetermined flow rate of waste liquid;

F - the land area of the purification layer;

q—hydraulic load, the ratio of waste liquid that can be treated by the purification layer per unit area;

t - the number of weeks of operation;

0.0365——conversion factor.

According to the flow of waste liquid to be treated, the area of the purification layer can be adjusted; if the production cycle needs to shorten the number of operating weeks, if the flow of waste liquid is not adjusted, the area of the purification layer can be adjusted or by increasing the purification The thickness of the layer or adjust the layers in the purification layer to adjust the hydraulic load. Fig. 11 shows the schematic diagram of the purification curve of ammonia nitrogen within the residence time of choosing plants such as Radix Dieffenbachia or Dieffenbachia as the selected plant, wherein the dotted line represents Dieffenbachia, the square line represents Dieffenbachia, the ordinate represents the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, and the horizontal axis The coordinates represent the residence time. As can be seen from Figure 11, the slag purification part 37 with Diphtheria radix or Dieffenbachia contains nitrogen within a week under the combined effects of plant absorption, microbial degradation, sand and soil, and biological filtration. The amount dropped from 70% to less than 10%, fully meeting the requirements for environmental protection.

According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit, which further includes the following steps:

Provide the above-mentioned equipment for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit;

Treat livestock and poultry excrement and waste water by treatment unit 36;

The mixed raw material is obtained by mixing the treated livestock manure and waste water through the mixing unit 24, wherein the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 6-11%;

The mixed raw materials enter the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 for digestion reaction, wherein, the control unit 26 controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C and when the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit 26 sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the stirrer to stir the anaerobic The mixed raw materials in the oxygen fermentation reactor 17 are digested and reacted to produce methane and slag;

The flow rate of the liquid inlet 38 is controlled by the control unit 26 to adjust the slag purification component 37 to purify the slag.

According to another preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit, which further includes the following steps:

Provide the above-mentioned equipment for treating farm waste with a slag purification unit;

Treat livestock and poultry excrement and waste water by treatment unit 36;

mixing the treated livestock and poultry manure and waste water through the mixing unit 24 to obtain mixed raw materials, wherein the solid concentration of the mixed raw materials is 6-11%;

Before feeding each time, the control unit 26 first discharges a certain amount of slag in the anaerobic fermentation reactor 17 through the discharge part 21 and then pumps a certain amount of mixed raw material into the mixed raw material feed port 20b; The flow rate of the liquid port is used to control the waste liquid purification.

Preferably, the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is 10%.

Technical features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical components or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention should be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein, unless incompatible therewith. Allow. All features disclosed in this application, including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings, and/or all steps disclosed in any method or process may be combined in any combination, except where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive . The invention is not limited to the details of any preceding embodiment. The invention extends to this application including any novel one or any novel combination of the technical features disclosed in any appended claims, abstract and drawings, or any novel one or any novel combination of steps disclosed in any method or process .

Finally, it should be noted that obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. However, the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A device for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit, comprising: The bottom of the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit (6) for treating livestock and poultry manure is in the shape of a funnel inclined to the center, and the waste water separation unit (9) included in the waste water treatment unit (7) includes floating oil, Filtration components (11) for floats such as foam and solid impurities; A mixing unit (12), which includes a mixing component (15) for mixing livestock and poultry manure and waste water into a mixed raw material in a predetermined proportion, wherein the solid concentration of the mixed raw material is in the range of 6-11%; An anaerobic fermentation reactor (17), which at least includes a housing (18), a stirring part (22), an accommodating part (24), a detection unit (25) and a control unit (26), wherein The stirring part (22) that is located on the housing (18) comprises at least one stirrer (22a) that contains stirring shaft (22b) and stirring blade (22c), and stirring blade (22c) is on the circumference of stirring shaft (22b) Evenly distributed and fixedly arranged, wherein at least a part of the stirring area of adjacent stirring blades (22c) overlaps, and the control unit (26) controls at least one stirrer to operate alternately; The accommodating portion (24) communicated with the microbial composite bacterial agent delivery port (20a) comprises a cylindrical inner wall (28), an outer wall (29) surrounding the cylindrical inner wall (28) and a bottom connecting the cylindrical inner wall and the outer wall. The bottom plate (30), the annular space (33) between the inner wall (28) and the outer wall (29) is filled with pleated soft biological packing (34) so that the annular space forms a biofilm, wherein there are through holes on the inner wall and the outer wall ; A control unit (26) comprising a processor, a memory and a communication interface is connected to the livestock and poultry manure treatment unit (6), the waste water treatment unit (9) and the mixing unit (12), the feed part (20) and the discharge part (21) The hydraulic pump and gate connected to the stirring motor, the temperature control device (19) and the detection unit (25) on the housing (18), wherein, the control unit (26) controls the hydraulic pump to pump the animal according to the expected value according to the production cycle Poultry manure and waste water, mix livestock and poultry manure and waste water in a predetermined ratio to form a mixed raw material, adopt a sequence batch type intermittently to enter the mixed raw material feed port (20b) and feed amount by controlling the pump of the feed part (20), and control When the unit (26) controls the fermentation temperature at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the control unit (26) sends a signal to start the stirring motor to drive the stirrer to stir the mixed raw materials in the anaerobic fermentation reactor (17) for digestion React, generate biogas and discharge slag; The material slag purification unit at least comprises the material slag purification part (37), and the material slag purification part (37) comprises the liquid inlet (38) of the upper end, consists of the uppermost soil layer (39), the microbial layer of the second layer ( 40), the sand bed (41) of the 3rd floor and the purification layer that the 4th gravel layer (42) and the biofilm layer (43) of the lowest layer constitute and the liquid outlet (44) of the lower end, connect the liquid inlet ( 38), the control unit (26) adjusts the purification through the control of the liquid intake through the following formula, wherein $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Fqt</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.0365</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ (1) In the formula: Q—predetermined waste liquid flow; F—the land area of the purification layer; q—hydraulic load, the volume ratio of waste liquid that can be treated by the purification layer per unit area; t—running weeks; 0.0365——conversion factor. 2. The equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mixing unit (12) comprises a first inlet (13), a second inlet (14), and is used to mix livestock and poultry manure and waste water into mixed raw materials in predetermined proportions. A mixing element (15) and a discharge port (16) for discharging the fully mixed mixed raw material. 3. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described inner wall (28) is provided with a plurality of first holes (31), and described outer wall (29) is provided with a plurality of second holes (32), so The bottom plate (30) is provided with third holes (35), and the first holes (31) and second holes (32) are arranged alternately. 4. The equipment according to claim 3, the control unit (26) controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve of the temperature control device (19), and when the water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control unit starts the temperature control device (19) ) heating, when the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the control unit activates the solenoid valve and introduces cooling water to reduce the temperature to the set temperature, so that the cycle maintains a constant anaerobic tank fermentation temperature. 5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pleated soft biofill (34) is a pleated soft biofill imitating the biological characteristics of the bovine rumen, and the containing part (24) is made of polypropylene or polyethylene Composition, the section of the inner wall (28) and the outer wall (29) is trapezoidal. 6. The apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the stirring areas of the stirring blades (22c) overlap by half and the control unit (26) controls adjacent stirring blades to rotate in opposite rotational directions. 7. The device according to claim 4, wherein, the shell (18) is covered with a certain thickness of insulation layer, and the insulation layer is made of high molecular polymer. 8. A method of processing farm waste with a slag purification unit, comprising the following steps: The equipment for processing farm waste with a slag purification unit as claimed in claim 1 is provided; Livestock and poultry manure and waste water are processed through a treatment unit (36); Mixing treated livestock and poultry manure and waste water through a mixing unit (24) to obtain a mixed raw material; When the fermentation temperature is controlled at a constant temperature of 35°C and the pH is between 6.8-7.4, the mixed raw materials are circulated into the anaerobic fermentation reactor for digestion and reaction to produce methane and slag. The control unit can adjust the production according to the control reaction conditions and timing. Gas velocity and gas production; adjust the area of the purification layer or adjust the hydraulic load by increasing the thickness of the purification layer. 9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the feeding timing and feeding amount of the mixed raw material feeding port of the feeding part are controlled by controlling the pump of the feeding part. 10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein, before each feeding, the control unit (26) first discharges a certain amount of the slag in the anaerobic fermentation reactor (17) through the discharge part and then pumps it in A certain amount of mixed raw material enters the mixed raw material feed port; waste liquid purification is controlled by controlling the flow rate of the liquid inlet (38).