CN104400661B - A kind of box-type workpieces wheel abrator - Google Patents

Abstract

A box-type workpiece shot blasting cleaning device, including a shot blasting chamber, a workpiece clamping part located inside the shot blasting chamber, a shot blasting device located on one side of the shot blasting chamber, and a projectile conveying device connected to the shot blasting device, The shot blasting device also includes a feeding part for conveying workpieces. The feeding part includes a guide rail and a wheel matched with the guide rail. The wheel is installed at the bottom of the frame, and a lifting and turning mechanism is installed on the upper part of the frame. The lifting and turning mechanisms are connected, and all or part of the guide rails are located in the shot blasting chamber. It can complete the process of automatic feeding, automatic shot blasting, automatic material retrieving, automatic material transportation and other processes under the control of industrial control computer. There are problems such as low cleaning efficiency and poor reliability.

Description

A shot blasting cleaning device for box-type workpieces

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece grinding, in particular to a rail conveying type engine case shot blasting cleaning device.

Background technique

The engine is an important part of the box-type engine, and the surface cleaning level of the engine box wall will have a great impact on the quality of the engine. Nowadays, when the surface of small and medium-sized castings and forgings is cleaned and treated in industry, shot blasting is often used. The principle is to put the workpiece in a closed container, use a shot blaster to accelerate the projectile, and the accelerated projectile directly hits the workpiece, and the residual casting sand or oxide scale on the surface of the workpiece is cleaned by impact, so as to clean the surface of the workpiece the goal of. At the same time, in the process of shot blasting, the stress state of the workpiece surface can also be improved, so that it is in a state of compressive stress, thereby improving its fatigue strength.

In today's engine shot blasting machine market in my country, the most widely used are the hook type shot blasting machine and the squirrel cage type shot blasting machine. However, these two traditional shot blasting methods have low cleaning efficiency. , Poor reliability and other issues, which to a large extent restrict the improvement of my country's engine production quality, and manually loading and unloading workpieces into the cage is time-consuming and laborious, and it is difficult to realize automation.

With the continuous development of science and technology, the application of engines in real life is increasing, the structure of engines is becoming more and more complex, and the quality requirements for engine boxes are also getting higher and higher; and the current shot blasting technology It cannot meet the high-quality cleaning of the engine case at all, so a set of shot blasting equipment capable of fully automatic cleaning of the engine case must be developed as soon as possible to meet this requirement.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shot blasting cleaning device suitable for the use of the engine box. The device can automatically feed, shot blast, automatically take, and automatically transport materials. The technical solution adopted is: a box-like workpiece The shot blasting cleaning device comprises a shot blasting chamber, a workpiece clamping part positioned inside the shot blasting chamber, a shot blasting device (5) positioned on one side of the shot blasting chamber and a projectile conveying device ( 6), it is characterized in that: described shot blasting cleaning device also comprises the feeding part (1) that is used for workpiece conveying, and described feeding part comprises guide rail, and the wheel (11) that cooperates with guide rail, and described wheel (11) is installed on The bottom of the vehicle frame (12) is equipped with a lifting and turning mechanism (13) on the top of the vehicle frame (12). The feeding fork (15) is connected with the lifting and turning mechanism (13), and all or Some are located in the shot blasting chamber.

The technical features of the present invention also include: the lifting and turning mechanism (13) includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the upper surface of the vehicle frame (12), the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the casing of the rotary motor, and the output shaft of the rotary motor Be connected with described charging fork hand (15).

The technical features of the present invention are also: the feeding part also includes a conveying roller table (2), and the conveying roller table (2) is located at the front end and/or rear end of the lifting and turning mechanism (13), and includes a support rod (22 ), a support frame (23) positioned at the upper end of the support rod (22), a roller (24) with a certain spacing is provided on the support frame (23), and a sprocket wheel (25) is installed at the end of the roller, and the sprocket wheel (25) rotate under chain drive.

The technical features of the present invention also include: the workpiece clamping part includes a double-station vertical turntable (3), including a turntable (34) and a baffle (35) at the center of the turntable (34), the baffle ( 35) Divide the turntable (34) into two bins.

The technical characterictic of the present invention also has: described workpiece clamping part also comprises shot blasting manipulator (4), and described shot blasting manipulator (4) is positioned at the storehouse of turntable (34), comprises motor (31), and in motor ( 31) The three-jaw chuck chuck (32) that moves under the drive.

The technical features of the present invention also include: two blasting devices (2), which are fixed on the outriggers of the blasting chamber by bolts, and form an installation angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction.

The technical features of the present invention also include: the projectile conveying device (6) includes a screw conveyor positioned below the shot blasting chamber, the screw conveyor includes a screw shaft (71), and the screw shaft (71) is supported by a bearing (74). ) is supported on the bearing frame (73), and the driven sprocket of chain transmission is equipped with at one end of the screw shaft (71), and the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket (72) are connected by a chain, and the driving sprocket (72) is installed on the output shaft of electric motor (76).

The technical features of the present invention also have: the projectile conveying device also includes a bucket elevator, and the bucket elevator includes a casing (62), a hopper (66) and a belt drive that drives the hopper (66) to move up and down, The screw conveyor transports the pellets and dust to the hopper (66), and the hopper (66) transports the pellets and dust to the pellet dust separator.

The technical features of the present invention also have: the pellet dust separator comprises a dust storage bin (69) and a shot bin (70), and the dust storage bin (69) and the shot bin (70) are all connected to the feed port (67) Connected, also be provided with baffle plate (68) between dust storage bin (69) and projectile bin (70) storehouse mouth.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that: the device completes the automatic feeding of workpieces through the cooperation of the conveying roller table and the feeding trolley, and the manipulator with adjustable height and angle increases the convenience of operation.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention,

Accompanying drawing 2 is the side view of accompanying drawing 1,

Accompanying drawing 3 is the front view of feeding part in accompanying drawing 1,

Accompanying drawing 4 is the side view of accompanying drawing 3,

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structural representation of conveying roller table in accompanying drawing 1,

Accompanying drawing 6 is the side view of accompanying drawing 5,

Accompanying drawing 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-station vertical turntable and a shot blasting manipulator.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the structure diagram of bucket elevator,

Accompanying drawing 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pellet dust separator,

Accompanying drawing 10 is the structural representation of screw conveyor;

Among them: 1 is the feeding part, 2 is the conveying roller table, 3 is the double-station vertical turntable, 4 is the shot blasting manipulator, 5 is the shot blasting machine, 6 is the projectile conveying device, 7 is the dust removal device, 8 is the industrial control computer , 9 is a programmable controller, 10 is a roller table controller, 11 is a wheel, 12 is a frame, 13 is a lifting and turning mechanism, 14 is a motor, 15 is a feeding fork, 21 is a base, 22 is a support rod , 23 is a support frame, 24 is a roller, 25 is a sprocket, 26 is an engine, 31 is an electric motor, 32 is a three-jaw puller chuck, 33 is a hydraulic cylinder, 34 is a turntable, 35 is a baffle, 61 is a lower pulley , 62 is the box, 63 is the upper pulley, 64 is the belt, 65 is the motor, 66 is the hopper, 67 is the inlet, 68 is the baffle, 69 is the dust storage bin, 70 is the projectile bin, 71 is the screw shaft, 72 is a driving sprocket, 73 is a bearing frame, 74 is a bearing, 75 is a chain, and 76 is a motor.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The invention discloses a shot blasting cleaning device for rail box workpieces. The device can complete processes such as automatic feeding, automatic shot blasting, automatic material retrieving, and automatic material transportation under the control of an industrial control computer, and the shot blasting process is divided into There are two stations. When the workpiece in one station is being shot blasted, the other station can be used for loading and unloading operations. It has high efficiency and compact structure. It can also be used for shot blasting of the engine box. In addition, the cleaning of other workpieces can also be completed by changing the program, thereby improving the versatility and applicability of the machine and greatly increasing the scope of application.

The device includes: a mechanical system and a control system.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the mechanical system includes: feeding part 1; conveying roller table 2; double-station vertical turntable 3; shot blasting manipulator 4; shot blasting device 5; projectile conveying device 6 and dust removal device 7.

The control system includes: an industrial control computer 8 , a programmable controller 9 and a roller table controller 10 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the feeding part 1 includes: a wheel 11 ; a vehicle frame 12 ; a lifting and turning mechanism 13 ; a motor 14 ; During work, the motor 14 runs under the control of the industrial control computer 8, and the power is transmitted to the wheels 11 through the reducer, so that the mechanism moves on the guide rail, and the hydraulic cylinder on the lifting and turning mechanism 13 is under the control of the industrial control computer 8 The loading fork hand 15 is moved to the feeding track 2, and the workpiece is held up and grasped, and then the motor inside the lifting and turning mechanism 13 rotates 180 degrees under the control of the industrial control computer 8 to complete the rotation of the workpiece. The motor 14 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the wheel 11 to move along the guide rail to the direction of the shot blasting manipulator 4, and further completes the clamping process.

As shown in Figure 5, the conveying roller table 2 is a long plate structure with a support frame 23, which can be used to transport the workpiece to be shot blasted, such as an engine case, including: a base 21; a support rod 22; a support frame 23; a drum 24 ; Sprocket 25 ; Engine 26 . The base 21 is at the bottom of the conveying roller table 2, and is a circular flat plate, the upper end of which is a conical solid structure, connected with the support frame by bolts, and the number is 10. The support rod 22 is a cylindrical structure on the base 21, the lower end is connected with the base 21, and the upper end is connected with the support frame 22 by bolts, and the number is 10. The support frame 23 is at the upper end of the support rod 22, and is a plate structure, and rollers 24 are arranged on the upper surface of the support frame 23, and the number of the rollers 24 is 38, which are connected with the support frame by flanges. One side of the cylinder 24 is a sprocket, and each cylinder rolls through the transmission of the sprocket and the chain to transport the workpiece on the cylinder 24 forward. Engine is positioned at the bottom of support frame 23, is connected with sprocket by chain, can transmit power to sprocket, makes under the control of control system, workpiece is sent to suitable position one by one, is convenient to the loading of next step loading fork hand.

The feeding part 1 includes a loading and unloading manipulator. The loading and unloading manipulator is located at the inner lower end of the shot blasting chamber, near the side of the shot blasting chamber hatch, and is assembled on the guide rail, which is perpendicular to the hatch. The loading and unloading manipulator includes: wheels; frame; lifting and slewing mechanism; motor; feeding fork, the purpose of which is to clamp the workpiece sent by the conveying roller table 2 and put it into the shot blasting chamber for clamping on the shot blasting manipulator to complete the feeding process. The wheel is placed on the guide rail, and the movable mechanism makes it move on the guide rail. The frame is a flat structure, and the loading fork is a fork structure. The workpiece can be forked and further lifted by the fork. In this way, the workpiece can be moved. The purpose of the lifting and slewing mechanism is to lift and rotate the feeding fork to reach a suitable position, complete feeding and clamping to the shot blasting robot and take the material back to the conveying roller table.

The motor is connected to the wheel through the reducer, the purpose is to transmit power under the control of the control system, so that the wheel can move on the guide rail according to the set program, and complete the movement from the conveying roller table to the shot blasting room.

During work, the engine 26 runs under the control of the roller table controller 10, drives the chain sprocket 25 to run, further drives the drum 24 to run through the chain transmission, and further transmits the workpiece along the track to the front of the shot blasting chamber. Prepare for the feeding and retrieving of the feeding part 1.

As shown in Figure 2, the shot blasting chamber is set parallel to the conveying roller table. On the opposite side of the feeding part, it is a hollow box structure. There is a feeding window on the side near the feeding mechanism. The feeding window is opened when feeding, and the shot blasting is carried out When it is closed, the shot blasting room is a working room for shot blasting cleaning of workpieces.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, the double-station vertical turntable 3 is located inside the shot blasting chamber, including a turntable 34 and a baffle 35. The baffle plate 35 is located at the center of the turntable 34, and divides the disc 34 into two warehouses, front and back. The disc 34 is driven by a stepping motor and can rotate at a certain angle under the control of the controller. Its purpose is to divide the shot blasting process into two stations, one warehouse close to the door of the shot blasting room is used for clamping, while the other warehouse is performing the shot blasting process. After the shot blasting is completed, the turntable rotates 180 degrees, and the The clamped workpiece is transferred to the shot blasting station for blasting, and the workpiece that has been blasted is sent to the clamping station and then removed by the feeding part.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, the shot blasting manipulator 4 is located in the two chambers of the above-mentioned double-station vertical turntable, and the number is two. The manipulator includes a motor 31; a three-jaw chuck chuck 32; a hydraulic cylinder 33 . It is divided into two upper and lower chucks 32, and the upper and lower chucks 32 are parallel to the vertical baffle 35, and the chucks 32 are fixed on the turntable 34. The above-mentioned chuck 32 is characterized by a three-jaw chuck, and is also characterized by a clamp One end of the head 32 is a motor 31, and the other end is a hydraulic cylinder 33. The purpose of the shot blasting manipulator is to press the chuck 32 against the workpiece through the hydraulic cylinder 33, and the further three-jaw chuck clamps the workpiece, and the further is driven by the turntable 34. Turn to the blasting station, during the shot blasting process, the chuck 32 drives the workpiece to rotate in the motor 31, so that the shot blasting cleaning process is more thorough.

As shown in Figure 2, the shot blasting device 5 is located on one side of the shot blasting chamber, opposite to the feeding window, and fixed on the outstretched frame of the shot blasting chamber by bolts. direction at an angle of 30 degrees. Its purpose is to throw projectiles to hit the workpiece in the shot blasting chamber.

The projectile conveyor includes: sand drain board; V-shaped storage hopper; screw conveyor; bucket elevator; shot dust separator; bellows.

The sand drain plate is located at the bottom of the shot blasting chamber and is a steel plate with holes. Its purpose is to leak the projectiles and dust generated during shot blasting, and then fall into the V-shaped storage hopper.

The V-shaped storage hopper is located at the lower end of the sand drain plate, which is a "V"-shaped steel plate, and the lower end is a semicircular transition groove.

As shown in Figure 2: described projectile conveying device comprises: screw conveyor; Bucket elevator; Pill dust separator; Described dust removal device comprises bellows.

As shown in Figure 8, the bucket elevator is located at one end of the screw conveyor and placed outside the shot blasting chamber. It is a vertical cuboid box structure. The lower section of the box communicates with one end of the screw conveyor and can support The internal components include: lower pulley 61; box body 62; upper pulley 63; belt 64; motor 65; hopper 66. The upper pulley is at the top of the box and is connected with the motor, the lower pulley is at the bottom of the box, the belt is wound on the pulley, and the hopper is fixed on the pulley by bolts in parallel. Driven by the motor 65 during work, the upper belt 63 rotates, and at the same time, the hopper 66 can scoop up the projectiles and dust sent by the lower screw conveyor and load them into the hopper 66, and further continue to rise through the belt 64, so as to lift the projectile dust. Function, further to the uppermost end, pour the pellet dust into the pellet dust separator.

As shown in Figure 9, the shot dust separator is located at the uppermost end of the bucket elevator and is a box structure, including: a material inlet 67; a baffle 68; a dust storage bin 69; and a shot bin 70. The feed inlet 67 is located at the uppermost end of the pill dust separator casing, and is a long cylinder that can receive the projectiles and dust unloaded by the bucket elevator hopper 66 . The box is the place for dust removal, and the baffle is fixed inside the box obliquely, in order to block the projectiles and play a guiding role for the projectiles, so that more projectiles enter the projectile chamber. The bellows mouth is on one side of the box body, connected by bellows, the purpose is to use the wind force for traction, so that the falling area of dust and projectiles changes, and further enters different bins to be separated. The dust storage bin is located at the bottom of the box, which is the storage place for dust. There are holes at the lower end, which can be cleaned after working for a certain period of time. The projectile bin is located on one side of the dust storage bin, which is the storage place for projectiles. It is transported to the shot blasting port through the shot delivery pipe. The bellows are located on one side of the box and are connected with the bellows port to provide wind force to separate projectiles and dust.

When working, the bellows generates wind force, and the baffle and the wind are pulled, so that the falling area of the dust and projectiles changes, and further enters different bins to be separated. The projectiles fall into the projectile chamber, and there are two holes under the further projectile chamber, which are respectively connected with the feeding port of the shot blaster through the pill conveying pipe to complete the projectile cycle process.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the screw conveyor is located at the top of the circular transition structure at the lowermost end of the above-mentioned V-shaped storage hopper, and is a long axis of the screw.

As shown in FIG. 10 : the screw conveyor includes a screw shaft 71 ; a sprocket 72 ; a bearing frame 73 ; a bearing 74 ; a chain 75 ; Both ends of the screw shaft 71 are supported on the bearing frame 73 by bearings 74 , one end of which has a sprocket 72 connected with the motor 76 through a chain 75 . The motor 76 is located outside the casing of the shot blasting chamber and fixed on the motor bracket. When working, the motor 76 is used to provide power to rotate the screw shaft 71. Through the screw drive, the projectiles and dust in the transition tank are transferred to one end and reach the bottom of the bucket elevator to prepare for the next step of lifting the shot.

Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention also belong to the scope of the present invention. protected range.

Claims (4)

1. A box type workpiece shot blasting cleaning device, including a shot blasting chamber, a workpiece clamping part located inside the shot blasting chamber, a shot blasting device (5) located on one side of the shot blasting chamber and the blasting device ( 5) A connected projectile conveying device (6), characterized in that: the shot blasting device also includes a feeding part (1) for conveying workpieces, the feeding part includes guide rails, wheels (11) matched with the guide rails, The wheels (11) are mounted on the bottom of the vehicle frame (12), and a lifting and turning mechanism (13) is installed on the upper part of the vehicle frame (12). The loading fork (15) and the lifting and turning mechanism (13) ) connection, all or part of the guide rail is located in the shot blasting chamber; The lifting and turning mechanism (13) includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the upper surface of the vehicle frame (12). 15) connection; The feeding part also includes a conveying roller table (2), and the conveying roller table (2) is located at the front end and/or rear end of the lifting and slewing mechanism (13), includes a support rod (22), and is located at the support rod (22) The support frame (23) at the upper end is provided with rollers (24) at a certain distance on the support frame (23), and a sprocket (25) is installed at the end of the roller, and the sprocket (25) rotates under the drive of the chain ; The workpiece clamping part includes a double-station vertical turntable (3), including a turntable (34) and a baffle (35) located at the center of the turntable (34), and the baffle (35) separates the turntable (34) for two warehouses; The workpiece clamping part also includes a shot blasting manipulator (4), and the shot blasting manipulator (4) is located in the chamber of the turntable (34), including a motor (31), and three claws that move under the drive of the motor (31) chuck chuck (32); There are two shot blasting devices (5), which are fixed on the outriggers of the shot blasting chamber by bolts, and have an installation angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction. 2. The shot blasting cleaning device for box-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: the projectile conveying device (6) includes a screw conveyor located below the shot blasting chamber, and the screw conveyor includes a screw shaft ( 71), the screw shaft (71) is supported on the bearing frame (73) by the bearing (74), and a chain-driven driven sprocket is installed at one end of the screw shaft (71), and the driven sprocket and the driving The sprocket (72) is connected by a chain, and the driving sprocket (72) is installed on the output shaft of the motor (76). 3. The shot blasting cleaning device for box-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: the projectile conveying device also includes a bucket elevator, and the bucket elevator includes a box (62), a hopper (66 ) and the belt drive that drives the hopper (66) to move up and down, the screw conveyor transports the projectiles and dust to the hopper (66), and the hopper (66) transports the projectiles and dust to the pellet dust separator. 4. The shot blasting device for box-type workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: the shot dust separator includes a dust storage bin (69) and a shot bin (70), and the dust storage bin (69) And projectile bin (70) are all communicated with feed inlet (67), also be provided with baffle plate (68) between dust storage bin (69) and projectile bin (70) storehouse mouth.