CN104396543A - Anti-season strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-season strawberry cultivation method. The method includes the following cultivation steps of selecting healthy seedlings, conducting soil preparation and furrowing, conducting field planting in optimum periods, applying the transplantation technology, conducting management after field planting, conducting heat preservation control, controlling the indoor temperature and the indoor humidity, enhancing the fertilizer and water management, applying gibberellin, managing the plants, conducting supplementary pollination, and conducting pest control. By means of the method, strawberries can mature early, the fruit picking period ranges from the middle ten days of December to March of the second year, the anti-season production is achieved, the strawberries can appear on the market around the Spring Festival, the benefits are quite considerable, the taste and the fragrance of the strawberries are improved, the economic benefits are ensured for farmer households, and the healthy development of the strawberry planting industry is ensured.

Description

A kind of anti-season strawberry cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method, be specifically related to a kind of anti-season strawberry cultivation method.

Background technology

China is the country that strawberry wild resource is the abundantest in the world, starts very early to utilize fraises des bois, and follows so far always.The nutrition-allocated proportion of strawberry is quite reasonable, and wherein the content of vitamin C is about 10 times of the watermelon of equivalent, grape or apple, is rich in iron, fructose, glucose, citric acid, malic acid etc. in addition in strawberry.Strawberry, for old man, child and body void person, is the good merchantable brand of nourishing.For the cough with lung heat easily occurred spring, have a sore throat, long fiery furuncle etc., the nutritive element contained in strawberry can play the effect of supplemental treatment.

In recent years, occur in strawberry production that output reduces, deformed fruit, go on the market slower; degradation trend under economic benefit, its main cause is lack strawberry high quality seedling production technology on the one hand, causes the disease certain kind of berries to accumulate serious; make strawberry original kind of sexual involution, quality and yield significantly declines; Be on the other hand that planting type comparatively backwardness covered a roof with straw by yellow grass, lack the efficiency cultivation technology for high of forcing culture listing ahead of time, thus the planting benefit of the person that makes strawberry cultivating declines.

Summary of the invention

For the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the object of the invention is: propose a kind of anti-season strawberry cultivation method, impel strawberry precocious, the fruit picking phase is March mid-December to next year, realizes counter-seas on production, is going on the market around the Spring Festival, and its benefit is considerable.

Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of anti-season strawberry cultivation method, comprises following cultivation step:

(1), select healthy seedling: have 5-6 sheet to perfect complete leaf, the thick 1-1.5 centimetre of rhizome, palpus is a lot of and look white, and plant is short strong, individual plant weight 25-30 gram;

(2), wholely furrow are done: whole ground is every mu of organic fertilizer 5000 kilograms afterwards, adds superphosphate 50 kilograms or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40 kilograms, does high furrow after spreading fertilizer over the fields; High furrow south-north direction, bottom width 60 centimetres, upper wide 40 centimetres, 20 centimetres, interval between furrow, furrow height 15-20 centimetre;

(3), optimum period field planting: resident time is that mid-August is to early September; Every furrow field planting 2 row, size line-spacing is 60 centimetres and 20 centimetres, spacing in the rows 15 cm, every mu of field planting 8000-12000 strain;

(4), planting technique: Lao Ye, sick leaf and stolon will be extractd before field planting; Want the back of a bow towards outside furrow during field planting; Deeply do not bury the heart, shallow not crab rooting;

(5), manage after field planting, sufficient water will be filled with after field planting, within 2-3 days, fill with once little water again; Just enter flower bud differentiation period after slow seedling, should rich water quality management be strengthened, control water control nitrogen.For preventing seedling excessive growth, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15 kilograms can be imposed, to promote flower bud differentiation;

(6), preservation and controlling: when extraneous nighttime temperature drops to 8 DEG C, insulation should be started;

(7), indoor temp. and humidity: at the insulation initial stage, for preventing strawberry from entering dormancy, temperature is relatively higher; General daytime controls at 28-30 DEG C, is the highlyest no more than 35 DEG C; Nocturnal temperature 12-15 DEG C, is minimumly not less than 8 DEG C; This phase indoor humidity controls at 85%-90%; Flowering stage requires relatively strict to temp. and humidity, general daytime controls at 22-25 DEG C, is the highlyest no more than 28 DEG C;

(8), strengthen rich water quality management: after poppyhead sequence is gathered, axillary flower sequence pumping when yielding positive results, topdressing at least 4-5 time again, is best with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, executes 10 kilograms for every mu at every turn; Generally before insulation He before lid mulch film, respectively water shallow water 1 time, combination is later topdressed and is rewatered;

(9), application gibberellin: to before buddingging after launching from plant second leaf after insulation, depending on kind resting stage length spray 1-2 time, concentration is 5-10 × 10-6; The shallow kind spraying concentration of dormancy should be low, otherwise then high;

(10), plant management: along with plant strain growth can produce many lateral buds, extract early; General except main bud, then retain 2-3 lateral bud; Sick worm leaf, Lao Ye and stolon will be removed at any time.Florescence will take flower and fruit thinning measure, dredges and removes time little Hua, weak flower; After result, disease fruit, fruitlet, malformed fruit are thinning out, final first inflorescence retains 12 fruit left and right, and the second inflorescence retains 7 fruit left and right;

(11), supplementary pollination: smear gently at open colored center with banister bruss, or brush lightly in whisking off gently on inflorescence in the Sheng phase of blooming with fine, soft fur;

(12), the extermination of disease and insect pest: gray mold with 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid, can be sprayed and prevent and treat; Powdery mildew can with 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, and Yu Huaqian sprays; Virus disease can select detoxic seedling; To the soil disinfection of continuous cropping, can prevent eliminating aphis.

Due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages:

Anti-season strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, impel strawberry precocious, the fruit picking phase is March mid-December to next year, realize counter-seas on production, going on the market around the Spring Festival, its benefit is considerable, and improves strawberry mouthfeel and strawberry aroma, namely ensure that the economic benefit at plantation family, in turn ensure that the sound development of strawberry cultivating industry.

Embodiment

A kind of anti-season strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, comprises following cultivation step:

(1), select healthy seedling: have 5-6 sheet to perfect complete leaf, the thick 1-1.5 centimetre of rhizome, palpus is a lot of and look white, and plant is short strong, individual plant weight 25-30 gram;

(2), wholely furrow are done: whole ground is every mu of organic fertilizer 5000 kilograms afterwards, adds superphosphate 50 kilograms or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40 kilograms, does high furrow after spreading fertilizer over the fields; High furrow south-north direction, bottom width 60 centimetres, upper wide 40 centimetres, 20 centimetres, interval between furrow, furrow height 15-20 centimetre;

(3), optimum period field planting: resident time is that mid-August is to early September; Every furrow field planting 2 row, size line-spacing is 60 centimetres and 20 centimetres, spacing in the rows 15 cm, every mu of field planting 8000-12000 strain;

(4), planting technique: Lao Ye, sick leaf and stolon will be extractd before field planting; Want the back of a bow towards outside furrow during field planting; Deeply do not bury the heart, shallow not crab rooting;

(5), manage after field planting, sufficient water will be filled with after field planting, within 2-3 days, fill with once little water again; Just enter flower bud differentiation period after slow seedling, should rich water quality management be strengthened, control water control nitrogen.For preventing seedling excessive growth, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15 kilograms can be imposed, to promote flower bud differentiation;

(6), preservation and controlling: when extraneous nighttime temperature drops to 8 DEG C, insulation should be started;

(7), indoor temp. and humidity: at the insulation initial stage, for preventing strawberry from entering dormancy, temperature is relatively higher; General daytime controls at 28-30 DEG C, is the highlyest no more than 35 DEG C; Nocturnal temperature 12-15 DEG C, is minimumly not less than 8 DEG C; This phase indoor humidity controls at 85%-90%; Flowering stage requires relatively strict to temp. and humidity, general daytime controls at 22-25 DEG C, is the highlyest no more than 28 DEG C.

(8), strengthen rich water quality management: after poppyhead sequence is gathered, axillary flower sequence pumping when yielding positive results, topdressing at least 4-5 time again, is best with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, executes 10 kilograms for every mu at every turn; Generally before insulation He before lid mulch film, respectively water shallow water 1 time, combination is later topdressed and is rewatered;

(9), application gibberellin: to before buddingging after launching from plant second leaf after insulation, depending on kind resting stage length spray 1-2 time, concentration is 5-10 × 10-6; The shallow kind spraying concentration of dormancy should be low, otherwise then high

(10), plant management: along with plant strain growth can produce many lateral buds, extract early; General except main bud, then retain 2-3 lateral bud; Sick worm leaf, Lao Ye and stolon will be removed at any time.Florescence will take flower and fruit thinning measure, dredges and removes time little Hua, weak flower; After result, disease fruit, fruitlet, malformed fruit are thinning out, final first inflorescence retains 12 fruit left and right, and the second inflorescence retains 7 fruit left and right;

(11), supplementary pollination: smear gently at open colored center with banister bruss, or brush lightly in whisking off gently on inflorescence in the Sheng phase of blooming with fine, soft fur;

(12), the extermination of disease and insect pest: gray mold with 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid, can be sprayed and prevent and treat; Powdery mildew can with 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, and Yu Huaqian sprays; Virus disease can select detoxic seedling; To the soil disinfection of continuous cropping, can prevent eliminating aphis.

Anti-season strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, impel strawberry precocious, the fruit picking phase is March mid-December to next year, realize counter-seas on production, going on the market around the Spring Festival, its benefit is considerable, and improves strawberry mouthfeel and strawberry aroma, namely ensure that the economic benefit at plantation family, in turn ensure that the sound development of strawberry cultivating industry.

Above-described embodiment is only for illustrating technical conceive of the present invention and feature; its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and be implemented; can not limit the scope of the invention with this; all equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. an anti-season strawberry cultivation method, is characterized in that, comprises following cultivation step:

(1), select healthy seedling: have 5-6 sheet to perfect complete leaf, the thick 1-1.5 centimetre of rhizome, palpus is a lot of and look white, and plant is short strong, individual plant weight 25-30 gram;

(2), wholely furrow are done: whole ground is every mu of organic fertilizer 5000 kilograms afterwards, adds superphosphate 50 kilograms or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40 kilograms, does high furrow after spreading fertilizer over the fields; High furrow south-north direction, bottom width 60 centimetres, upper wide 40 centimetres, 20 centimetres, interval between furrow, furrow height 15-20 centimetre;

(3), optimum period field planting: resident time is that mid-August is to early September; Every furrow field planting 2 row, size line-spacing is 60 centimetres and 20 centimetres, spacing in the rows 15 cm, every mu of field planting 8000-12000 strain;

(4), planting technique: Lao Ye, sick leaf and stolon will be extractd before field planting; Want the back of a bow towards outside furrow during field planting; Deeply do not bury the heart, shallow not crab rooting;

(5), manage after field planting, sufficient water will be filled with after field planting, within 2-3 days, fill with once little water again; Just enter flower bud differentiation period after slow seedling, should rich water quality management be strengthened, control water control nitrogen;

For preventing seedling excessive growth, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15 kilograms can be imposed, to promote flower bud differentiation;

(6), preservation and controlling: when extraneous nighttime temperature drops to 8 DEG C, insulation should be started;

(7), indoor temp. and humidity: at the insulation initial stage, for preventing strawberry from entering dormancy, temperature is relatively higher; General daytime controls at 28-30 DEG C, is the highlyest no more than 35 DEG C; Nocturnal temperature 12-15 DEG C, is minimumly not less than 8 DEG C; This phase indoor humidity controls at 85%-90%; Flowering stage requires relatively strict to temp. and humidity, general daytime controls at 22-25 DEG C, is the highlyest no more than 28 DEG C;

(8), strengthen rich water quality management: after poppyhead sequence is gathered, axillary flower sequence pumping when yielding positive results, topdressing at least 4-5 time again, is best with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, executes 10 kilograms for every mu at every turn; Generally before insulation He before lid mulch film, respectively water shallow water 1 time, combination is later topdressed and is rewatered;

(9), application gibberellin: to before buddingging after launching from plant second leaf after insulation, depending on kind resting stage length spray 1-2 time, concentration is 5-10 × 10-6; The shallow kind spraying concentration of dormancy should be low, otherwise then high;

(10), plant management: along with plant strain growth can produce many lateral buds, extract early; General except main bud, then retain 2-3 lateral bud; Sick worm leaf, Lao Ye and stolon will be removed at any time;

Florescence will take flower and fruit thinning measure, dredges and removes time little Hua, weak flower; After result, disease fruit, fruitlet, malformed fruit are thinning out, final first inflorescence retains 12 fruit left and right, and the second inflorescence retains 7 fruit left and right;

(11), supplementary pollination: smear gently at open colored center with banister bruss, or brush lightly in whisking off gently on inflorescence in the Sheng phase of blooming with fine, soft fur;

(12), the extermination of disease and insect pest: gray mold with 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid, can be sprayed and prevent and treat; Powdery mildew can with 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, and Yu Huaqian sprays; Virus disease can select detoxic seedling; To the soil disinfection of continuous cropping, can prevent eliminating aphis.