CN1043925C - 气弹 - Google Patents

气弹 Download PDF

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CN1043925C
CN1043925C CN94193663A CN94193663A CN1043925C CN 1043925 C CN1043925 C CN 1043925C CN 94193663 A CN94193663 A CN 94193663A CN 94193663 A CN94193663 A CN 94193663A CN 1043925 C CN1043925 C CN 1043925C
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gas
cavity
sleeve
valve
bullet
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CN1132553A (zh
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迈克尔·欧内斯特·萨克斯比
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Constantia International Ltd
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Constantia International Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F41B11/62—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas with pressure supplied by a gas cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/70—Details not provided for in F41B11/50 or F41B11/60
    • F41B11/72—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F41B11/721—Valves; Arrangement of valves for controlling gas pressure for both firing the projectile and for loading or feeding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B6/00—Projectiles or missiles specially adapted for projection without use of explosive or combustible propellant charge, e.g. for blow guns, bows or crossbows, hand-held spring or air guns
    • F42B6/10—Air gun pellets ; Ammunition for air guns, e.g. propellant-gas containers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

一种气弹，其具有包括可伸缩地容纳在一套筒(14)内部的本体(10)的壳体。本体包括一存放在一定压力下的气体的主腔(21)，和从主腔(21)向扩展腔(61)排放气体的阀机构。扩展腔内的气体的压力使本体(10)相对于套筒(14)向后运动，而向使用该气弹的武器的枪闩施加一个力，以此起动重装子弹的循环。当从本体突伸出的塞子(51)从套筒的端壁上的孔(53)撤回时，气体从扩展腔排放而弹出射弹。

Description

气弹
本发明涉及的是可以用于替代传统的信号弹的一类压力气弹。
压力气弹已为公知，欧洲专利说明书第EP-A-499332号中公开的内容便是一例，其在此处作为参考。已知类型的气弹的缺点是它们不能产生足够的后推力来驱动反冲作用的自动和半自动武器。这样的武器依赖于一旦弹药击发时枪闩就在施加于其上的力的作用下向后运动，以便准备就绪重装子弹和重扣板机的循环。
为解决这一问题，此间建议一气弹应该有一第一部分，其在击发时相对于一第二部分移动，以便把必要的力施加到枪闩上而使武器能再循环。在一优选实施例中用来把一射弹从上述说明书中公开的气弹中弹出的气体在用于弹出射弹之前由一扩展腔接收，在此，扩展腔作用在可向后运动的部分上。
气弹壳体最好具有伸缩结构和具有一套筒，其可以滑动地安装在容放气体腔内的一主体上和具有工作部件。该套筒可以有一前端壁，它叠置在本体的前端壁上，而扩展腔就在这两个端壁之间确定出。扩展腔中的气体压力作用在本体的端壁上，并以活塞的方式驱动本体向后运动。套筒通过与武器的腔的壁相啮合保持其就位。接着气体由扩展腔释放并用于弹出子弹或其它射弹。气体从扩展腔中释放的时刻最好由套筒和本体进入预先确定的相对位置来决定。为此目的，本体可以有一在轴向上伸展的塞子，它通常向套筒的端壁上的一孔突伸入并将其封闭。套筒和本体之间的相对运动导致塞子从孔中逐渐向后撤离，直到在所述预先确定的相对位置的塞子从孔撤出而气体从扩展腔通过孔排出为止。尽管子弹或其它射弹可以以传统的方式保持在套筒的边缘的位置处，但是也可以选择配装在塞子上，由它在压力气体作用在射弹上的时刻把射弹释放。也可以使用其它使气弹的一部分向后移动的配置来代替上面所述的配置。
附图中：
图1是压力气弹在其充气状态下击发之前的纵向剖面图；
图2表示击发之后不久各部件所处的相对位置；及
图3表示击发过程结束时各部件的相对位置。
本发明的优选的实施例将在上面提到的说明书中公开的气弹的上下文中叙述，应参考该说明书以便充分理解其操作机构及其作用方式。
参见图1，此间建议的气弹有由一本体10和一可伸缩地安装在本体上的套筒14所形成的一个两部分的壳体。套筒在其前端有一径向向内延伸的壁16，其界定出一孔53。因为套筒的圆柱部分并不处于任何压力下，故而它的壁可以相对薄一些。在本体的前端设有一外环形肩54，其布置成与套筒的后端处的内肩54′相配合，以限制这两部分的相对运动。一O型环55处在它们的前端部使本体相对于套筒密封。
本体在其前端处有一径向向内延伸的壁33，其在充气状态下与套筒的端壁紧密接触。一轴向塞子51从壁33突伸出并滑动配装在孔53中。壁33的内侧的空腔有一圆柱部分，其起一个具有一杆13的柱塞阀的头36用的阀座的作用。空腔的端壁呈圆锥形并在其上形成有开设成朝向端壁33的外表面上的一环形V形断面的槽的孔34。槽60构成扩展腔的一部分，其在后面予以叙述。阀头36形成有一对轴环31,32，它们限定出一个槽，该槽接纳一个使阀头相对空腔密封的O型环。
插入件11旋入到本体的后端并由一个O型环15相对于本体密封。该插入件有一圆柱形的伸长部，其确定出一孔20，该孔在杆13的后部导引一裙部57。一围绕柱塞阀的基本的气腔21贮放有处于一压力状态下的气体，方便的是空气，其优选的气压为至少50巴(5×107帕)，最好是基本为200巴(2×107帕)。
在图1中所示的气弹充气的状态下，本体和套筒处在它们的闭合位置，其两端壁并置在一起。
一旦气弹被击发，柱塞阀向后运动初始进入图2所示的位置。阀头36因而从空腔35退离，并打开孔34。气体从基本腔逸出进入到槽60中，并使得本体相对于套筒开始其向后运动。这一运动开始扩大扩展腔61，且该扩展腔随着本体继续向后的运动而继续扩大。通过O型环来阻止气体在本体和套筒之间泄漏。在这个运动过程中，轴向塞子穿过孔53向后滑动直到其最终完全从其中撤出而进入到如图3所示的位置。现在气体从扩展腔穿过孔53排出并弹出由气弹所携带的任何射弹。射弹可以由在壁16的边缘上的一唇状件保持在其位置，或者可以设置一接纳轴向塞子51的承座。在图1中所示的气弹的充气状态下，本体和套筒处在闭合位置，两端壁并置在一起。
气弹的操纵机构基本上在上面提到的说明书中叙述，因此仅简要地叙述。
柱塞阀的向后运动通过一泄放阀的移动而起动，该泄放阀包括在滑阀的裙部57内支持的一阀件。该阀件有一中央体部分12和确定接收O型环40、41的槽的前、后肩部42、43.一杆部分从肩43向后伸展并位于一泄放通道23之内。在泄放通道23内的截头圆锥阀座44与后肩的一互补部分和后部O型环接触。前部O型环40密封抵靠裙部57内的孔。一压缩弹簧50给阀件施加一相对弱的压力。由此形成有两个空腔，亦即位于裙部57的端部和密封环41之间的一第二空腔22和位于裙部57之内的肩42前部的一第三空腔47.空腔22通过设置于裙部和孔20之间的抽气通道与基本腔21相通，以便在充气状态下空腔21和22之内的气压相等。导管46穿过阀件延伸以连接空腔47到杆部分的外部表面上的一排气孔，以此使空腔47处于大气压力之下。
一旦杆部分45被一撞针撞击在箭头“A”的方向上运动时，阀件被推入裙部，于是将后肩部43和O型环41从其承座上抬起。空腔22中的气体穿过泄放通道向大气排放。虽然一些气体从空腔21穿过抽气通道流动，但是这些气流可以忽略且不会阻止气压在空腔22中迅速地下降。空腔21中的气体向裙部57的前表面施加压力，其大大胜过由空腔22中的气体对该裙部的后缘施加的压力，而滑阀趋向于向后运动，如同上面叙述的一样。由于空腔47处于大气压力之下且能够通过导管46排放，阀件被抽入裙部，由此允许柱塞阀向图3所示的位置运动。
通过改变轴向塞子51的长度或气弹的本体的长度或前后两者之比，可以相对于本体的向后运动调整释放气体和射弹放出的时间。
按照本发明的气弹具有比传统的信号弹来说可重复使用的优点。因此其特别适于用作训练弹，特别适用于半自动手枪和其它反冲作用的武器。该气弹也特别适用于彩弹(paint-ball)枪械，因为这种彩弹可以容易地改变以配装到塞子51上。尽管该气弹是作为用于弹射一射弹而叙述的，但也应理解，它也可以用于无射弹的“空”气弹而仍然能够对枪闩施力。
对在此叙述的气弹的改型可以在本发明的范围内来进行。特别是可以使用其它类型的阀的配置，以接收气体到扩展腔来响应气弹被撞针撞击，也可以使用其它的阀的配置从扩展腔和希望的时刻排放气体。

Claims (4)

1．一种气弹，其包括一个本体(10)；一个可伸缩地包绕该本体的套筒(14)；一个在该本体内用于贮放在一定压力下的气体的气腔(21)；一第一阀(35,36)，其配置成响应一撞针对气弹的冲击而打开以允许气体从该气腔(21)流过一通道(34)，一个限定在本体的前壁(33)和套筒的前壁(16)之间的扩展腔(61)，通道(34)开口通向该扩展腔，和一个配置成响应一个在本体和套筒之间的预先确定的相对运动而打开的套筒的前壁(16)上的第二阀(51,53)。
2．如权利要求1所述的气弹，其特征在于，第二阀包括一阀件(51)，其从本体(10)的前壁(33)延伸入套筒(14)的前壁上的一个孔(53)中。
3．如权利要求2所述的气弹，其特征在于，阀件(51)为一个塞子的形式。
4．如前述任一项权利要求所述的气弹，其特征在于，第一阀包括一个在壁(33)中的空腔(35)和一个容纳在空腔(35)中的阀头(36)；该空腔具有一锥形端壁，多个通道(34)从该端壁通过壁(33)开向扩展腔(61)，阀头(36)通过一个相应于设置成被一撞针撞击的杆(45)的运动的操纵机构可从空腔(35)撤离。
CN94193663A 1993-08-16 1994-08-15 气弹 Expired - Fee Related CN1043925C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9317040.5 1993-08-16
GB9317040A GB2281118B (en) 1993-08-16 1993-08-16 Gas cartridge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1132553A CN1132553A (zh) 1996-10-02
CN1043925C true CN1043925C (zh) 1999-06-30

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US (2) US5700972A (zh)
EP (1) EP0775288B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH10503275A (zh)
CN (1) CN1043925C (zh)
AT (1) ATE185898T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU682708B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2169565C (zh)
DE (1) DE69421295T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2137374T3 (zh)
GB (1) GB2281118B (zh)
GR (1) GR3031576T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1012701A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2134399C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995005573A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA946159B (zh)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220146238A1 (en) * 2020-11-12 2022-05-12 General Dynamics OTS - Canada, Inc. Reduced-energy cartridge with exterior sealing member for fluted chamber
US11656063B2 (en) * 2020-11-12 2023-05-23 General Dynamics OTS—Canada, Inc. Reduced-energy cartridge with exterior sealing member for fluted chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA946159B (en) 1995-03-29
JPH10503275A (ja) 1998-03-24
GB2281118B (en) 1997-06-18
WO1995005573A1 (en) 1995-02-23
AU682708B2 (en) 1997-10-16
GB9317040D0 (en) 1993-09-29
ES2137374T3 (es) 1999-12-16
HK1012701A1 (en) 1999-08-06
ATE185898T1 (de) 1999-11-15
CA2169565A1 (en) 1995-02-23
US5962805A (en) 1999-10-05
GB2281118A (en) 1995-02-22
US5700972A (en) 1997-12-23
EP0775288A1 (en) 1997-05-28
CA2169565C (en) 1998-09-01
RU2134399C1 (ru) 1999-08-10
GR3031576T3 (en) 2000-01-31
CN1132553A (zh) 1996-10-02
AU7388294A (en) 1995-03-14
DE69421295D1 (de) 1999-11-25
EP0775288B1 (en) 1999-10-20
DE69421295T2 (de) 2000-04-13

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