CN104390845B - Portable multifunctional soil mechanical property test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable multifunctional soil mechanical performance test device, which comprises an upper rigid beam, a lower rigid beam, a rigid threaded column, an upper force-charging mechanism, a lower force-charging mechanism, a water tank, a test tank, a measuring mechanism and a penetration mechanism , the middle part of the lower rigid beam is provided with a lower reinforcing mechanism, the lower reinforcing mechanism is provided with a water tank, the test tank is arranged in the water tank, and the upper rigid beam can move up and down through a rigid threaded column It is arranged on the lower rigid beam, and the middle part of the upper rigid beam is provided with an internally threaded hole, and the upper force-applying mechanism passes through the internally threaded hole, and is connected with the test tank through the measuring mechanism, and the test tank is passed through the guide The water pipe is connected with the osmosis mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient portability, and simple operation, which can conveniently carry out real-time geotechnical tests on the engineering site, can effectively reduce test errors, has high work efficiency, strong practicability, and wide application range.

Description

A portable multifunctional soil mechanical performance test device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and geological engineering geotechnical testing, and relates to a portable multifunctional soil mechanical property testing device.

Background technique

Foundation pit engineering and underground engineering often need to measure soil physical and mechanical parameters in the investigation stage. At present, most of the methods used are to take samples and send them to the laboratory for testing. However, in the process of transportation and storage, soil samples are often disturbed twice, which affects the accuracy of soil mechanical parameters, which will cause risks to later engineering design and construction. In addition, due to the long laboratory test cycle, the test data is often not obtained in time, which will increase the project cycle.

The Chinese invention patent with the application number 201210390847.6 discloses a test device for real-time measurement of soil sample expansion force. The device includes a consolidation instrument using a tempered glass water tank. The inner side of the hoop is directly in close contact with the ring knife with the soil sample. Thin filter paper is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the soil sample. A permeable stone and a pressure cover are placed on the top of the soil sample. The upper part of the rubber cap is in close contact with the ring knife, and the lower part is in contact with the consolidation instrument. The outside of the water tank is in close contact. The water tank placed next to the consolidation instrument is located on the iron frame. The water tank is connected to the water inlet hole of the rubber cap. The rod is in contact with the pressure cover, and the consolidation instrument and the iron frame are placed on the balance, so that the expansion force of the soil sample can be measured in real time, and the time-history curve of the expansion force of the soil sample can be obtained. Although the device disclosed in this patent can measure the expansion force of the soil sample more accurately, the screw force application method is relatively single and the force application range is limited, so it is not suitable for measuring the parameters related to the consolidation and permeability of the soil sample. Under the conditions of soil sample parameter testing, its practicability is poor, and it does not overcome the technical defect of the singleness of the traditional consolidation test device.

The Chinese invention patent with the application number 201310066361.1 discloses a joint consolidation and penetration test device and method. The device includes a soil sample chamber for placing experimental soil samples. The top and bottom of the soil sample chamber are provided with permeable stones, or One end is provided with a permeable stone and the other end is provided with an impermeable test block; a pore water conduit connected to the permeable stone is provided on the permeable stone, and a pore water flow monitor is installed on the pore water conduit; a seal is installed on the top of the soil sample chamber. plug; the bottom of the soil sample chamber is fixed on the platform, and the top of the soil sample chamber is provided with a pressurization device; the soil sample chamber is provided with a vertical stress sensor and a deformation sensor; the platform is provided with a sample chamber for placing the soil sample chamber, and The pressing device includes a counterweight for providing pressure, and a tension frame arranged vertically for pressurizing the soil sample chamber in the sample chamber; the sample chamber is fixed on the platform, and the top is provided with an opening; the tension frame The first end is connected to the counterweight through the connection mechanism, and the second end is sleeved on the sample chamber to pressurize the test sample in the sample chamber. The device published in this patent uses counterweights for loading, which cannot effectively control the loading accuracy, and cannot meet the needs of fine test of expansion force. It uses water guide holes for water injection. For general consolidation tests, the saturation efficiency is low and it may not be possible to The air is completely exhausted. At the same time, due to the separate existence of each test component, the volume space of the device is greatly increased, and it is not conducive to the rapid and convenient movement of the device, and it is not portable.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multifunctional test device that can measure soil mechanical parameters, permeability coefficient and expansive soil expansion performance at the engineering site in order to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned prior art.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A portable multi-functional soil mechanical performance test device, the device includes an upper rigid beam, a lower rigid beam, a rigid threaded column, an upper force application mechanism, a lower force application mechanism, a water tank, a test tank, a measurement mechanism and a penetration mechanism, the The middle part of the lower rigid beam is provided with a lower reinforcing mechanism, and the lower reinforcing mechanism is provided with a water tank, the test tank is set in the water tank, and the upper rigid beam is set on the lower rigid beam so that it can move up and down through a rigid threaded column. On the rigid beam, the middle part of the upper rigid beam is provided with an internally threaded hole, the upper force-applying mechanism passes through the internally threaded hole, and is connected with the test tank through the measuring mechanism, and the test tank is connected with the infiltration through the water guide pipe. Institutions are connected.

The upper rigid beam, the lower rigid beam and the rigid threaded column together form an outer frame, which is used to provide structural support and reaction force for the entire test device. The rigid threaded column can be easily disassembled and installed, and can be used according to actual application conditions. To arbitrarily adjust the distance between the upper rigid beam and the lower rigid beam.

The upper force application mechanism is a screw torsion force application mechanism or a weight increasing force application mechanism. The screw torsion application force mechanism includes a pressurized threaded column and a rotating rod, and one end of the pressurized threaded column passes through the The internal threaded hole is connected with the measuring mechanism, and the other end is provided with a rotating rod. The weight increasing force mechanism includes a force transmission column, a platform and a weight, and one end of the force transmission column passes through the internal thread hole It is connected with the measuring mechanism, and the other end is fixed on the bottom of the platform, and the weight is arranged on the platform.

The pressurized threaded column is provided with an external thread matched with the internally threaded hole, and an axial force can be applied to the soil sample in the lower test tank by rotating the pressurized threaded column.

Between the force transmission column and the threaded hole in the middle of the upper rigid beam, unrestricted free movement can be realized, and an axial force can be applied to the soil sample in the lower test tank by placing weights on the bearing platform.

According to the test requirements, the upper forcing mechanism can independently select a screw twisting forcing mechanism or a weight increasing forcing mechanism.

The middle part of the lower rigid beam is provided with a card slot, and the rigid threaded columns are a pair, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower rigid beam, and the tops of the rigid threaded columns are fixedly connected with the upper rigid beam by nuts , the bottom is fixedly connected with the lower rigid beam through threads.

The lower boosting mechanism includes a hydraulic jack, a conduit and a hand-pressed hydraulic piston. The hydraulic jack is arranged in a slot and connected to the hand-pressed hydraulic piston through a conduit. The water tank is arranged on the hydraulic jack Above, the hydraulic jack can apply axial force to the soil sample in the upper test tank.

The test tank includes a top hat, a base, a retaining ring, a ring knife, a soil sample layer, a permeable stone a and a permeable stone b, the base is arranged at the bottom of the tank, and the top cap, the retaining ring and the ring knife Set on the base in turn from top to bottom, the top cap is provided with a top permeation water guide hole, the base is provided with a saturated water guide hole and a bottom permeation water guide hole, and the bottom permeation water guide hole is located at the saturated Above the water guide hole, the saturated water guide hole is a pair, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base, and the ends of the top permeation water guide hole, saturated water guide hole and bottom permeation water guide hole All are equipped with water-stop clamps, and the permeable stone a, the soil sample layer and the permeable stone b are sequentially arranged between the base and the top cap from bottom to top.

The soil sample is placed in the ring knife, the top of the ring knife is fixed on the retaining ring, and the bottom is fixed on the base.

The water stop clip can be opened as required, and after the water stop clip at the end of the saturated water guide hole is opened, the soil sample in the test tank can be directly saturated by injecting water into the water tank.

The measuring mechanism includes a force-measuring ring, a displacement gauge a, a displacement gauge b and a cross beam. The top end of the force-measuring ring is connected to the upper force-applying mechanism through a hinge, and the bottom end is connected to the top hat through a cross beam. , the displacement gauge a and the displacement gauge b are respectively arranged on the cross beam and the water tank through connecting rods.

The water tank is mainly used to saturate the soil sample.

The measuring mechanism is used to measure the axial load borne by the soil sample in the test tank, wherein the displacement gauge a and the displacement gauge b are respectively used to measure the displacement of the cross beam and the water tank, and the displacement difference between the two value to calculate the deformation of the soil sample.

The measuring mechanism can be used to measure the stressed state of the soil sample and its axial deformation.

The permeation mechanism includes a water supply tank and a measuring cylinder, and the water supply tank communicates with the test tank and the measuring cylinder in turn through the water guide pipe.

The top permeation water guide hole on the top cap of the test tank and the bottom permeation water guide hole on the test tank base are respectively connected with the water supply tank and the measuring cylinder through the water guide pipe.

The penetration mechanism is mainly used to apply pore water pressure or saturate the soil sample in the test tank, wherein the water supply tank and the measuring cylinder are used to carry out the penetration test on the soil sample through the aqueduct, and measure the soil sample At the same time, the corresponding test can also be carried out in combination with the booster mechanism.

During the test, place the test soil sample in the ring cutter on the base with the permeable stone a, place the permeable stone b on the upper part, cover the retaining ring and the top cap, place the whole test tank and water tank in the frame, and then Conduct the following tests:

(1) Consolidation test: Fill water into the water tank, open the saturated water guide hole, close the permeable water guide hole, choose the force from the upper thread torsion force force mechanism, the upper weight increase force force mechanism or the lower jack force force mechanism method, apply force to the soil sample, and measure the deformation parameters of the soil;

(2) Penetration test: set the water head height in advance in the water supply tank, open the permeation water guide hole, close the saturated water guide hole, choose from the upper screw torsion booster mechanism, the upper weight increase booster mechanism or the lower jack booster mechanism Adding force mode, apply force or no force to the soil sample, and measure the soil permeability parameters;

(3) Expansion performance test: fill water in the water tank, open the saturated water guide hole, close the permeable water guide hole, and choose the force from the upper thread torsion force force mechanism, the upper weight increase force force mechanism or the lower jack force force mechanism In this way, force or no force is applied to the sample, and the expansive force or expansion rate of the soil is measured.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

1) Due to the use of rigid threaded columns, the distance between the upper rigid beam and the lower rigid beam can be adjusted according to the actual test conditions, so as to adjust the size of the test frame, which can be applied to different working conditions;

2) A variety of detachable boosting methods are adopted, such as the upper thread torsion boosting mechanism, the upper weight increasing boosting mechanism and the lower jack boosting mechanism, and the corresponding boosting mechanism can be selected according to the test requirements. The device is practical and Wide range of applications;

3) Each test part of the device can be easily disassembled, adjusted and installed, which is convenient for the test personnel to carry;

4) Real-time geotechnical tests can be carried out on the project site, which can meet the measurement of consolidation, permeability coefficient and expansion performance, and can effectively eliminate the secondary disturbance caused by transportation or storage of soil samples, ensuring accurate measurement of upper body mechanical parameters At the same time, it can effectively shorten the test cycle and improve the test efficiency;

5) Due to the close combination of the booster mechanism, the measurement mechanism and the penetration mechanism, it is possible to apply pressure to the soil sample step by step, and accurately measure the vertical deformation of the soil sample at different times under the condition of confinement and the corresponding pore water release. It can test the soil sample consolidation parameters and soil sample permeability coefficient at the same time, thus effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the current conventional penetration test method to test the penetration parameters too large and the singleness of the consolidation test device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of portable multifunctional soil mechanical property testing device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of test tank in a kind of portable multifunctional soil mechanical property testing device of the present invention;

Instructions for marks in the figure:

11-rigid threaded column, 12-upper rigid beam, 13-lower rigid beam, 14-nut, 21-pressurized threaded column, 22-rotating rod, 23-force transmission column, 24-cap, 25-weight, 26-hydraulic jack, 27-conduit, 28-hand pressure hydraulic piston, 3-test tank, 31-top hat, 32-base, 33-retaining ring, 34-ring knife, 35-soil sample layer, 361-permeable Stone a, 362-permeable stone b, 37-top seepage water guide hole, 38-bottom seepage water guide hole, 39-saturated water guide hole, 41-force measuring ring, 42-cross beam, 431-displacement gauge a, 432 -displacement meter b, 51-water supply tank, 52-water guide pipe, 53-measuring cylinder, 54-water tank, 6-connecting rod.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example:

As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of portable multi-functional soil mechanical property test device, this device comprises upper rigid beam 12, lower rigid beam 13, rigid thread column 11, upper part force mechanism, lower force force mechanism, water tank 54, test Groove 3, measuring mechanism and penetration mechanism, the middle part of the lower rigid beam 13 is provided with a lower force applying mechanism, and a water tank 54 is arranged on the lower force increasing mechanism, and the test tank 3 is arranged in the water tank 54, and the upper rigid beam 12 passes through the rigid threaded column 11 It can be moved up and down on the lower rigid beam 13, and the middle part of the upper rigid beam 12 is provided with an internally threaded hole. The water pipe 52 communicates with the osmosis mechanism.

The upper rigid beam 12, the lower rigid beam 13 and the rigid threaded column 11 together form the outer frame, which is used to provide structural support and reaction force for the whole test device. The rigid threaded column 11 can be easily disassembled and installed, and can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the actual application situation. Adjust the distance between the upper rigid beam 12 and the lower rigid beam 13 .

The upper forcing mechanism is a screw twisting forcing mechanism or a weight increasing forcing mechanism. The screw twisting forcing mechanism includes a pressurized threaded column 21 and a rotating rod 22. One end of the pressurized threaded column 21 passes through the internal thread hole and the measuring mechanism connected with each other, the other end is provided with a rotating rod 22, and the weight increasing force mechanism includes a force transmission column 23, a bearing platform 24 and a weight 25, and one end of the force transmission column 23 passes through an internal threaded hole and is connected with the measuring mechanism. One end is fixed on the bottom of the bearing platform 24 , and the weight 25 is arranged on the bearing platform 24 .

The pressurized threaded post 21 is provided with an external thread matching the internally threaded hole, and an axial force can be applied to the soil sample in the lower test tank 3 by rotating the pressurized threaded post 21 .

Unconstrained free movement can be realized between the force transmission column 23 and the threaded hole in the middle of the upper rigid beam 12 , and an axial force can be applied to the soil sample in the lower test tank 3 by placing a weight 25 on the platform 24 .

During the specific test process, the upper force boosting mechanism can independently select the screw torsion force boosting mechanism or the weight increasing force boosting mechanism according to the test requirements.

The middle part of the lower rigid beam 13 is provided with a card slot, and the rigid threaded columns 11 are a pair, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower rigid beam 13. The thread is fixedly connected with the lower rigid beam 13.

The lower booster mechanism includes a hydraulic jack 26, a conduit 27 and a hand-pressed hydraulic piston 28. The hydraulic jack 26 is arranged in the slot and is connected with the hand-pressed hydraulic piston 28 through the conduit 27. The water tank 54 is arranged on the hydraulic jack 26. , the hydraulic jack 26 can apply an axial force to the soil sample in the upper test tank 3 .

As shown in Figure 2, test tank 3 comprises top cap 31, base 32, retaining ring 33, ring knife 34, soil sample layer 35, permeable stone a361 and permeable stone b362, and base 32 is arranged on the bottom of tank 54, and top cap 31 , the retaining ring 33 and the ring knife 34 are sequentially arranged on the base 32 from top to bottom, the top cap 31 is provided with a top permeation water guide hole 37, the base 32 is provided with a saturated water guide hole 39 and a bottom permeation water guide hole 38, The bottom infiltration water guide hole 38 is located above the saturated water guide hole 39, and the saturated water guide hole 39 is a pair, which is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base 32, between the base 32 and the top cap 31, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. There are water-permeable stone a361, soil sample layer 35 and water-permeable stone b362, and the ends of the top seepage water guide hole 37, the saturated water guide hole 39 and the bottom seepage water guide hole 38 are all provided with water-stop clips.

The soil sample is placed in the ring knife 34 , the top of the ring knife 34 is fixed on the retaining ring 33 , and the bottom is fixed on the base 32 .

The water stop clip can be opened as required, for example, after the water stop clip at the end of the saturated water guide hole 39 is opened, the soil sample in the test tank 3 can be directly saturated by injecting water into the water tank 54 .

The water tank 54 is mainly used to saturate the soil sample.

The measuring mechanism includes a force-measuring ring 41, a displacement gauge a431, a displacement gauge b432 and a cross beam 42. The top end of the force-measuring ring 41 is connected to the upper force application mechanism through a hinge, and the bottom end is connected to the top cap 31 through a cross beam 42. The displacement gauge a431 and the displacement gauge b432 are respectively arranged on the cross beam 42 and the water tank 54 through the connecting rod 6 .

The measuring mechanism is used to measure the axial load borne by the soil sample in the test tank 3, wherein the displacement gauge a431 and the displacement gauge b432 are respectively used to measure the displacement of the cross beam 42 and the water tank 54, and through the displacement difference between the two, the Calculate the deformation of the soil sample.

The measuring mechanism can be used to measure the stress state and axial deformation of the soil sample.

The osmosis mechanism includes a water supply tank 51 and a measuring cylinder 53 , and the water supply tank 51 communicates with the test tank 3 and the measuring cylinder 53 sequentially through the water conduit 52 .

The top permeation water guide hole 37 on the top cap 31 of the test tank 3 and the bottom permeation water guide hole 38 on the test tank 3 base 32 are all communicated with the water supply tank 51 and the measuring cylinder 53 respectively through the water guide pipe 52 .

The infiltration mechanism is mainly used to apply pore water pressure or saturate the soil sample in the test tank 3, wherein, the water supply tank 51 and the measuring cylinder 53 are used to carry out an infiltration test on the soil sample through the aqueduct 52 to measure the permeability coefficient of the soil sample , and at the same time, corresponding tests can be carried out in combination with the booster mechanism.

Claims (8)

1. A portable multi-functional soil mechanical performance test device, the device comprises an upper rigid beam (12), a lower rigid beam (13), a rigid threaded column (11), an upper part of the force boosting mechanism, a lower part of the force boosting mechanism, a water tank ( 54), the test tank (3), the measuring mechanism and the penetration mechanism are characterized in that, the middle part of the lower rigid beam (13) is provided with a lower reinforcing mechanism, and the lower reinforcing mechanism is provided with a water tank (54). The test tank (3) is set in the water tank (54), the upper rigid beam (12) can be moved up and down on the lower rigid beam (13) through the rigid threaded column (11), and the upper rigid beam (13) can be moved up and down. The middle part of the rigid beam (12) is provided with an internally threaded hole, and the upper force-applying mechanism passes through the internally threaded hole, and is connected with the test tank (3) by a measuring mechanism, and the test tank (3) is passed through a water conduit ( 52) Communication with infiltration agencies; Wherein, the upper force application mechanism is a screw torsion force application mechanism or a weight increasing force application mechanism, and the screw torsion force application mechanism includes a pressurized threaded column (21) and a rotating rod (22), and the described One end of the pressurized threaded column (21) passes through the internal threaded hole and is connected with the measuring mechanism, and the other end is provided with a rotating rod (22). (24) and weight (25), one end of described force transmission column (23) passes through internally threaded hole and is connected with measuring mechanism, and the other end is fixed on the bottom of platform (24), and described weight ( 25) be arranged on the platform (24). 2. A portable multifunctional soil mechanical performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, said pressurized threaded column (21) is provided with an external thread matching the internal threaded hole. 3. a kind of portable multi-functional soil mechanical property testing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lower rigid beam (13) middle part is provided with draw-in groove, and described rigid thread column (11) is A pair, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower rigid beam (13), the top of the rigid threaded column (11) is fixedly connected with the upper rigid beam (12) through a nut (14), and the bottom is connected with the lower rigid beam (12) through threads. The beam (13) is fixedly connected. 4. a kind of portable multifunctional soil mechanical property testing device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described lower force-applying mechanism comprises hydraulic jack (26), conduit (27) and hand-pressed hydraulic piston ( 28), the hydraulic jack (26) is arranged in the slot, and is connected with the hand-pressed hydraulic piston (28) through the conduit (27), and the water tank (54) is arranged on the hydraulic jack (26) . 5. A kind of portable multifunctional soil mechanical performance test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described test tank (3) comprises top cap (31), base (32), retaining ring (33) , ring knife (34), soil sample layer (35), permeable stone a (361) and permeable stone b (362), described base (32) is arranged on the bottom of water tank (54), described top cap ( 31), the retaining ring (33) and the ring knife (34) are sequentially arranged on the base (32) from top to bottom, and the top cap (31) is provided with a top permeation water guide hole (37), and the Base (32) is provided with saturated water guide hole (39) and bottom seepage water guide hole (38), and this bottom seepage water guide hole (38) is positioned at the top of saturated water guide hole (39), and described saturated water guide hole The hole (39) is a pair, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base (32), and the permeable stone a (361), Soil sample layer (35) and permeable stone b (362), the ends of the top seepage water guide hole (37), saturated water guide hole (39) and bottom seepage water guide hole (38) are all provided with water stop folder. 6. A kind of portable multifunctional soil mechanical property test device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described measurement mechanism comprises load-measuring ring (41), displacement gauge a (431), displacement gauge b (432 ) and a cross beam (42), the top of the force measuring ring (41) is connected with the upper force application mechanism through a hinge, and the bottom end is connected with the top hat (31) through a cross beam (42) in point contact, the described The displacement gauge a (431) and the displacement gauge b (432) are respectively arranged on the cross beam (42) and the water tank (54) through the connecting rod (6). 7. A kind of portable multifunctional soil mechanical property test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described penetration mechanism comprises water supply tank (51) and measuring cylinder (53), and described water supply tank (51) It communicates with the test tank (3) and the measuring cylinder (53) successively through the water guide pipe (52). 8. according to claim 5 or 7 described a kind of portable multi-functional soil mechanical performance testing device, it is characterized in that, the top permeation water guide hole (37) on the top cap (31) of described test tank (3) , The bottom permeation water guide hole (38) on the test tank (3) base (32) is all communicated with the water supply tank (51) and the measuring cylinder (53) respectively by the water guide pipe (52).