CN104390671B - A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics - Google Patents
A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104390671B CN104390671B CN201410725414.0A CN201410725414A CN104390671B CN 104390671 B CN104390671 B CN 104390671B CN 201410725414 A CN201410725414 A CN 201410725414A CN 104390671 B CN104390671 B CN 104390671B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sensing unit
- optical fiber
- mass flow
- photo
- thermal
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics and methods, the device includes heated light sources, detection light source, the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer, sensing unit and spectral analysis apparatus, sensing unit is the composite construction of single mode optical fiber photo-thermal optical fiber single mode optical fiber, all being inscribed on two section single-mould fibers has fiber grating, Fabry Perot chamber is formed, photo-thermal optical fiber is resonant cavity.This method is：Photo-thermal optical fiber on the sensing unit temperature rise after absorbing the luminous energy that heated light sources are sent out keeps stablizing after rising to predetermined temperature；Fluid to be measured flows through sensing unit and takes away heat so that the effective cavity length of Fabry Perot chamber changes and the drift of interference peaks, detection interference peaks drift value is caused to obtain the mass flow of current fluid by data scaling.The present invention has many advantages, such as to measure accurate, sensitive, full optics, miniaturization, safe, is particularly suitable for the monitoring of flammable and explosive fluid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid mass flow study on monitoring field, more particularly to a kind of liquid mass flow of full optics
Monitoring device and method.
Background technology
Currently, liquid mass flow monitoring technology is widely used in industrial production, energy measurement, environmental engineering
With the every field such as communications and transportation.The monitoring technology can both carry out liquid mass flow gage work, it can also be used to excessively program-controlled
System.Be widely used that thermal mass flow meter, the sensor in this flowmeter are made of thermistor in the market, into
When row monitoring, sensing unit is heated by the method for electricity.Therefore hidden in the presence of the safety for electric spark occur in monitoring process
Suffer from, while heating wire is also easy to be corroded.There are the environment of the inflammable and explosive liquid such as gasoline, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas,
And the working environment of the corrosive gas such as high-risk gas such as methane gas, carbon monoxide and acetylene either chlorine, hydrogen chloride
Under, this kind of traditional quality flowmeter can not be just applicable in.
With the gradual maturation of optical fiber technology, it is monitored as research hotspot using optical fiber.Optical fiber is mainly by titanium dioxide
Silicon forms, and has very strong corrosion resistance, therefore application scenario is not by environmental restrictions.Fiber-optic monitoring is without passing through electronics simultaneously
Device is sensed, therefore avoids and the problem of electric spark occur.In sensory field, fiber bragg grating (Fiber Bragg
Grating, FBG) since it is very sensitive to temperature, stress, variations in refractive index, and as a very important sensing in the industry
Device.Therefore, seek a kind of utilization FBG characteristics, various fluids, especially flammable and explosive fluid mass flow can be suitable for and supervised
The device and method of survey are of great significance.
Invention content
The shortcomings that it is an object of the present invention to overcome the prior art and deficiency, provide a kind of fluid of full optics
Measure flow monitoring device, which has the advantages that full optics, miniaturization, simple in structure, and entire sensing unit is all by optical fiber
It constitutes, there is very strong corrosion resistance, and without the hidden danger for generating electric spark, application scenario is extensive, especially can apply to
The monitoring of flammable and explosive fluid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of liquid mass flow monitoring devices based on above-mentioned full optics
Monitoring method, this method are that sensing unit is made to keep steady after maintaining predetermined temperature under fluid to be measured remains static in advance
Fixed, the variation of interference peaks wavelength caused by the variation of temperature is come to mass flow progress when flowing through sensing unit according to fluid to be measured
The advantages of measurement has and measures accurately, sensitive, the operation is stable.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution：A kind of liquid mass flow monitoring dress of full optics
It sets, including heated light sources, detection light source, the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer, sensing unit and spectral analysis apparatus, the first filtering
Formula wavelength division multiplexer is connect with detection light source, heated light sources and sensing unit respectively, and sensing unit is connected with spectral analysis apparatus；
The sensing unit is the composite construction of single mode optical fiber-photo-thermal optical fiber-single mode optical fiber, and all being inscribed on two section single-mould fibers has light
Fine grating, forms Fabry-Perot-type cavity, and photo-thermal optical fiber is resonant cavity；When work, the heating light that heated light sources are sent out is through the first filter
By the photo-thermal fiber absorption in sensing unit after waves wavelength division multiplexer, the light that detection light source is sent out passes through the first filtering type wavelength-division
Enter sensing unit after multiplexer, then transmitted light enters spectral analysis apparatus.The present invention is constituted using a pair of of fiber grating
Fabry-Perot-type cavity and photo-thermal optical fiber realize the monitoring to liquid mass flow.
Preferably, one second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer is also set up between the sensing unit and spectral analysis apparatus, it should
Second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer includes an energy output port, not by the heating light of photo-thermal fiber absorption through energy output port
Monitoring device is left, transmitted light enters spectral analysis apparatus through the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer.Because heating light light energy ratio
Larger, it is to guide the direction of remaining heating light light energy, make it directly to increase this second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer
Monitoring device is left, without being into spectral analysis apparatus, and then protects spectral analysis apparatus.
Preferably, the photo-thermal fiber lengths are no more than 2mm.The cavity for the Fabry-Perot-type cavity that photo-thermal optical fiber is constituted, chamber
Body length is smaller, and the wavelength interval between the formant of Fabry-Perot-type cavity is bigger.Photo-thermal fiber lengths are no more than 2mm, can
Ensure the formant of a Fabry-Perot-type cavity only occur within the scope of the characteristic spectrum of fiber grating, is brought convenience to detection.
Preferably, the fiber grating is fiber bragg grating (FBG), the length of 2mm to 6mm.
Preferably, the liquid mass flow monitoring device includes that the different sensing of several interference peaks wavelength locations is single
Member, sensing unit are placed on several monitoring points, are connected by optical fiber between each sensing unit.If certain monitoring point fluid mass
Flow changes, and corresponding mark monitoring point interference peaks wavelength will drift about, so as to realize that multi-point monitoring measures.
A kind of monitoring method of the liquid mass flow monitoring device based on above-mentioned full optics, fluid to be measured are in static
Photo-thermal optical fiber when state on the sensing unit temperature rise after absorbing the luminous energy that heated light sources are sent out, after rising to predetermined temperature
It keeps stablizing；Fluid to be measured flows through sensing unit and takes away heat so that the effective cavity length of Fabry-Perot-type cavity changes simultaneously
Cause the drift of interference peaks, detection interference peaks drift value that the quality stream of current fluid is finally calculated by data scaling
Amount.
Specifically, including the following steps：
(1) sensing unit is positioned in the pipeline of fluid to be measured circulation；
(2) heated light sources are opened and detect light source, the luminous energy that the photo-thermal fiber absorption heated light sources on sensing unit are sent out,
Testing liquid remain static it is lower so that sensing unit temperature rise a to predetermined temperature after keep stablizing, when waiting for flow measurement
When body flows through sensing unit, take away the heat of sensing unit and cause the variation of its temperature so that Fabry-Perot-type cavity it is effective
Chamber grows the drift for changing and causing interference peaks wavelength；The light that sends out of detection light source by the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer into
Enter sensing unit, then transmitted light enters spectral analysis apparatus through the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer；The wave of the heated light sources
Length is arranged in the absorption band of photo-thermal optical fiber, and does not cover the specific reflecting wavelength of fiber grating, detects the wavelength model of light source
Enclose the specific reflecting wavelength of covering fiber grating；
(3) spectral analysis apparatus detects the transmitted spectrum after sensing unit, obtains interference peaks drift value, passes through data mark
It is fixed, the mass flow of current fluid is finally calculated.
Preferably, fluid is adjusted by adjusting the power of heated light sources or changing the photo-thermal absorption coefficient of photo-thermal optical fiber
The sensitivity of mass flow monitoring.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and advantageous effect：
1, the present invention can detect any not to optical fiber generation corrosion in the case where predicting the type and concentration of fluid
The mass flow of fluid is particularly suitable for flammable and explosive fluid mass flow metering and flammable and explosive fluid process control, with
Traditional liquid mass flow meter is compared, and the sensing unit that the present invention uses is Fibre Optical Sensor unit, small-sized, using full light
Design structure, the sensing unit being exposed in flammable and explosive fluid do not need any electronic device, will not by outside electromagnetic interference,
The security risks such as electric spark will not be generated.
2, sensing unit of the invention is all using optical fiber, and compared with heating wire, having can be steadily in the long term in corrosivity
The characteristics of working under environment.
3, the present invention uses optical fiber structure, monitoring signals that can transmit very long distance, can accomplish that remote on-line monitoring is surveyed
Amount.
4, the present invention can place the different sensing unit of interference peaks wavelength location at different monitoring points, and will be each
Sensing unit is connected with optical fiber.If certain monitoring point flammable and explosive fluid mass flow changes, the interference of corresponding mark monitoring point
Spike length will drift about, to realize that multi-point monitoring measures.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of sensing unit in apparatus of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics of the present embodiment, including heated light sources 1, inspection
Survey light source 2, the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3, sensing unit 4, the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 5 and spectral analysis apparatus 6.
Wherein heated light sources 1, detection light source 2, sensing unit 4 are respectively connect with the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3, the second filtering type
Wavelength division multiplexer 5 is separately connected 4 other end of sensing unit, spectral analysis apparatus 6.
Sensing unit structures in the present embodiment are as shown in Fig. 2, sensing unit 4 is single mode optical fiber (4-1)-photo-thermal optical fiber
The composite construction of (4-3)-single mode optical fiber (4-5), three are formed by heat sealing machine welding.Divide on two section single-mould fiber 4-1 and 4-5
Ke Xie there are not fiber bragg grating 4-2 and 4-4, form Fabry-Perot-type cavity, photo-thermal optical fiber 4-3 is resonant cavity, the present embodiment
Middle photo-thermal optical fiber can convert the luminous energy propagated in optical fiber to thermal energy using the optical fiber for being doped with Co (cobalt) element, the optical fiber.
The present embodiment is for the environment of the inflammable and explosive liquid such as gasoline, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, fiber bragg grating 4-2 and 4-4
Length be selected as 6mm, photo-thermal fiber lengths select 2mm.
As shown in fig. 1, the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3 includes 3 interfaces, and wherein heated light sources 1 and first filter
The ports the 3-2 light connects of formula wavelength division multiplexer 3 detect the ports the 3-3 light connects of light source 2 and the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3,
The ports the 3-1 light connects of sensing unit 4 and the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3.Second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 5 equally has 3
A interface, wherein the ports 5-1 of the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 5 are connect with the other end of sensing unit 4, and spectrum analysis is set
Standby 6 connect with the ports 5-2 of the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 5, and the ports 5-3 of the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 5 are energy
Output port is not connected to any equipment, does not leave monitoring device through energy output port by the heating light of photo-thermal fiber absorption.
The monitoring method of the liquid mass flow monitoring device of above-mentioned full optics, includes the following steps：
(1) sensing unit 4 is placed in the pipeline of fluid to be measured circulation.
(2) heated light sources 1 and detection light source 2 are opened, the photo-thermal fiber absorption heated light sources 1 wherein on sensing unit 4 are sent out
The luminous energy gone out, in the case where fluid to be measured remains static so that the temperature rise of sensing unit 4 reaches a relatively high temperature,
When fluid to be measured flows through sensing unit 4, takes away the heat of sensing unit and cause the variation of its temperature so that Fabry-Perot
The effective cavity length of sieve chamber changes；It heats 5-3 end of the light most afterwards through the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 5 and leaves monitoring system；
The light that detection light source 2 is sent out enters sensing unit 4 by the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3, and then transmitted light is through the second filtering
The ends 5-2 of formula wavelength division multiplexer 5 enter spectral analysis apparatus 6.The absorption band in photo-thermal optical fiber is arranged in the wavelength of heated light sources 1
It is interior, and the specific reflecting wavelength of fiber grating is not covered, the feature reflection of the wave-length coverage covering fiber grating of detection light source 2
Wavelength.
(3) spectral analysis apparatus 6 detects the transmitted spectrum after sensing unit, obtains interference peaks drift value, passes through data
Calibration, is finally calculated the mass flow of current fluid.
In the present embodiment, heated light sources 1, detection light source 2, the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer 3, the second filtering type wavelength-division are multiple
With on device 5, spectral analysis apparatus 6, sensing unit 4 single mode optical fiber 4-1 and 4-5 and photo-thermal optical fiber 4-3 be matured product, single mode
It is mature technology, the spectrum and fluid that spectral analysis apparatus 6 detects that fiber grating 4-2 and 4-4 are made on optical fiber 4-1 and 4-5
The data scaling algorithm of mass flow is the prior art.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment in addition to following characteristics other structures with embodiment 1：
The present embodiment is for corrosion such as the high-risk gases such as methane gas, carbon monoxide and acetylene either chlorine, hydrogen chloride
Property gas, the length of fiber bragg grating 4-2 and 4-4 is selected as 2mm, and the length of photo-thermal optical fiber 4-3 selects 1mm.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment in addition to following characteristics other structures with embodiment 1：
The present embodiment is for the flammable and combustible liquids such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl acetone, the length choosing of fiber bragg grating 4-2 and 4-4
It is selected as 2mm, the length of photo-thermal optical fiber 4-3 selects 1mm.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention made by changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics, which is characterized in that including heated light sources, detection light source, the
One filtering type wavelength division multiplexer, sensing unit and spectral analysis apparatus, the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer respectively with detection light source,
Heated light sources are connected with sensing unit, and sensing unit is connected with spectral analysis apparatus；The sensing unit is single mode optical fiber-photo-thermal
The composite construction of optical fiber-single mode optical fiber, all being inscribed on two section single-mould fibers has fiber grating, forms Fabry-Perot-type cavity, light
Hot optical fiber is resonant cavity；When work, the heating light that heated light sources are sent out is after the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer by sensing unit
In photo-thermal fiber absorption, the light that sends out of detection light source enters sensing unit after the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer, then
Transmitted light enters spectral analysis apparatus；
The liquid mass flow monitoring device includes several different sensing units of interference peaks wavelength location, sensing unit
Several monitoring points are placed on, are connected by optical fiber between each sensing unit.
2. the liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sensing is single
One second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer is also set up between member and spectral analysis apparatus, which includes one
Energy output port does not leave monitoring device by the heating light of photo-thermal fiber absorption through energy output port, and transmitted light is through second
Filtering type wavelength division multiplexer enters spectral analysis apparatus.
3. the liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photo-thermal light
Fine of length no more than 2mm.
4. the liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical fiber light
Grid are fiber bragg grating, the length of 2mm to 6mm.
5. a kind of monitoring side of the liquid mass flow monitoring device based on the full optics of claim 1-4 any one of them
Method, which is characterized in that photo-thermal optical fiber on the sensing unit temperature rise after absorbing the luminous energy that heated light sources are sent out rises to pre-
It keeps stablizing after constant temperature degree；Fluid to be measured flows through sensing unit and takes away heat so that the effective cavity length of Fabry-Perot-type cavity is sent out
Current fluid is finally calculated by data scaling in changing and the drift for causing interference peaks, detection interference peaks drift value
Mass flow.
6. monitoring method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) sensing unit is positioned in the pipeline of fluid to be measured circulation；
(2) heated light sources and detection light source are opened, the luminous energy that the photo-thermal fiber absorption heated light sources on sensing unit are sent out is waiting for
Fluid measured remains static down so that keeping stablizing after the temperature rise a to predetermined temperature of sensing unit, when fluid to be measured stream
When through sensing unit, takes away the heat of sensing unit and cause the variation of its temperature so that the effective cavity length of Fabry-Perot-type cavity
Change and cause the drift of interference peaks wavelength；The light that detection light source is sent out enters biography by the first filtering type wavelength division multiplexer
Feel unit, then transmitted light enters spectral analysis apparatus through the second filtering type wavelength division multiplexer；The wavelength of the heated light sources is set
It sets in the absorption band of photo-thermal optical fiber, and does not cover the specific reflecting wavelength of fiber grating, the wave-length coverage for detecting light source is covered
The specific reflecting wavelength of lid fiber grating；
(3) spectral analysis apparatus detects transmitted spectrum after sensing unit, obtains interference peaks drift value, by data scaling,
The final mass flow that current fluid is calculated.
7. monitoring method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that by adjusting the power of heated light sources or changing light
The photo-thermal absorption coefficient of hot optical fiber come adjust liquid mass flow monitoring sensitivity.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410725414.0A CN104390671B (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics |
| PCT/CN2015/096187 WO2016086856A1 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2015-12-01 | All-optical device and method for monitoring mass and flow rate of fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410725414.0A CN104390671B (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics |
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| CN104390671A CN104390671A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
| CN104390671B true CN104390671B (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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| CN201410725414.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104390671B (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics |
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| WO (1) | WO2016086856A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104390671B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2018-08-28 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics |
| GB2570332B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2023-04-26 | Ucl Business Ltd | A system for measuring a flow of a fluid |
| CN108731752A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-02 | 四川原皓源环境工程有限公司 | A kind of central air-conditioning gas consumption dynamic monitoring and controlling method, device and expense statistical system |
| CN111007154B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2022-10-18 | 暨南大学 | Flexible ultrasonic transducer, manufacturing method and all-optical ultrasonic emission and detection method |
| CN111174896B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-07-29 | 浙江大学 | Optical fiber acoustic wave sensor, manufacturing method and optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system |
| CN115290925A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-04 | 厦门大学 | High-sensitivity fluid flow velocity optical measurement sensor and measurement method |
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| CN204286519U (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-22 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5231463A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-07-27 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method for on-line fiber flow measurement |
| CN2506985Y (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2002-08-21 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical fiber raster flow sensor |
| GB2401430B (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2005-09-21 | Sensor Highway Ltd | Fluid flow measurement |
| CN100437036C (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-11-26 | 国家纳米技术与工程研究院 | Fibre optic sensor for measuring temperature and refractive index of liquid contemporarily |
| CN102261934A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-11-30 | 大连理工大学 | Optical fiber flow sensor based on optical self-compensation structure |
| CN103196520A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-10 | 中国计量学院 | Transmission-type optical fiber liquid level sensor with irregular core structure |
| CN203053863U (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-07-10 | 华南师范大学 | Device for carrying out methane concentration sensing by using photo-thermal optical fiber |
| CN103759776B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2017-02-08 | 华南师范大学 | All-optical gas mass flow rate monitoring device and method |
| CN104390671B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2018-08-28 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of the liquid mass flow monitoring device and method of full optics |
| CN104950133B (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-12-15 | 浙江大学 | Microfluid flow velocity sensing chip, detecting system and detection method |
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- 2014-12-02 CN CN201410725414.0A patent/CN104390671B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN204286519U (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-22 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of liquid mass flow monitoring device of full optics |
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| WO2016086856A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
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