CN104385023B - Inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device - Google Patents

Inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104385023B
CN104385023B CN201410562618.7A CN201410562618A CN104385023B CN 104385023 B CN104385023 B CN 104385023B CN 201410562618 A CN201410562618 A CN 201410562618A CN 104385023 B CN104385023 B CN 104385023B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pyrocondensation
knife
handle
cutter
heat
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201410562618.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104385023A (en
Inventor
周后明
刘博�
秦衡峰
张高峰
周友行
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Xiangtan University
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Xiangtan University
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Priority to CN201410562618.7A priority Critical patent/CN104385023B/en
Publication of CN104385023A publication Critical patent/CN104385023A/en
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Publication of CN104385023B publication Critical patent/CN104385023B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/26Securing milling cutters to the driving spindle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/28Features relating to lubricating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device, relates to the field of cutting machining, and mainly aims to solve the technical problems of high cost, easiness in causing pollution, easiness in generating vibration of a tool and the like caused by jetting of cooling liquid into an interference fit area in the conventional heat-shrinkable tool bar. According to the technical scheme, the inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device comprises a tool shank (5), a heat-shrinkable tool bar (3) and a tool (1), wherein a conical cavity structure which stretches outwards is arranged at the outer end of the tool shank (5); the heat-shrinkable tool bar (3) is connected with a screw hole formed in the inner end of the heat-shrinkable tool bar (3) by inserting a connecting screw rod (6) into a screw rod through hole from the inner end of the tool shank (5); the inner end of the tool (1) is arranged at the outer end of the heat-shrinkable tool bar (3) in a sleeving way through interference hermetical fit; a cooling liquid cavity (4) is formed by the hollow inner cavity of the heat-shrinkable tool bar (3) between the connecting screw rod (6) and the tool (1); cooling liquid is packaged in the cooling liquid cavity (4). The inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device is easy to install, detach and extend, and has high interchangeability; the adaptability of the inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device as a machining device is well enhanced. The inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar is mainly applied to the field of deep cavity machining in a cutting machining process.

Description

Interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device
Technical field
Patent of the present invention is related to machining research field, more particularly to a kind of interior cooling for cutting machines Damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device.
Background technology
At present, in High-speed machining industry, though common handle of a knife-collet-cutter formula tooling system structure can meet The requirement of general part high-rate wireless LAN, but restricted so that cutter is caned close to workpiece when processing by tooling system rigidity Depth be very restricted;Heat-shrinkable knife handle application ratio is wide, pyrocondensation knife bar with also tending to maturation.Carrying out at a high speed During machining, heat in metal cutting can be communicated up along cutter, heat-shrinkable knife handle(Knife bar)The temperature of contact portion raises.Due to pyrocondensation Handle of a knife(Knife bar)Cooperation with cutter is using pyrocondensation interference fit, heat-shrinkable knife handle(Knife bar)Thermal coefficient of expansion is larger, to temperature Especially sensitive, temperature rising can cause heat-shrinkable knife handle(Knife bar)Contact portion size increases, and the magnitude of interference and cutter between reduces, Contact stress reduces, and grip strength reduces, and then affects fit quality, brings serious accident.Joined to interference using traditional There is very big deficiency, because interference areas temperature is not especially high, excessive use in the method closing area spray coolant Cutting fluid not only increased cost, and its pollution causing is also very serious, does not meet current energy-saving and emission-reduction and green manufacturing Trend.While High-speed machining, cutter also produces vibrations because of the impact of the factors such as cutting force.Accordingly, it would be desirable to it is a kind of new Method solving above-mentioned technical problem.
Related invention a little examples, but be all very different with the present invention, in existing invention, such as Heilungkiang The Wang Zhigang of No. 52 Harbin University of Science and Technologys in Harbin City of province Nangang District Universities Road;Xu Leida;It is " low in high precision that Cai Dongsong invents Cost heat-shrinkable knife handle "(Number of patent application:CN201020273544.2, applying date 2010.07.28, disclosure/notification number: CN201776646U, the disclosure/day for announcing:2011.03.30)High-precision low cost heat-shrinkable knife handle.With High Speed Cutting Technique Extensive application and precision processing technology development, the requirement more and more higher to high-performance numerical control machine tool system.In high precision Inexpensive heat-shrinkable knife handle, its composition includes:Taper shank (1), pyrocondensation head (2), described taper shank connects pyrocondensation head, in described pyrocondensation It is machined with transitional pore (3), escape (4), stop screw hole (5), escape (6), pyrocondensation hole (7), the reduction of heat swollen groove of increasing in head (8).Described transitional pore connects stop screw hole by escape, and described stop screw hole connects pyrocondensation hole by escape Increase swollen groove with reduction of heat, described reduction of heat increases swollen groove and is opened on the hole wall in pyrocondensation hole.It is used for the connection of lathe and cutter, especially suitable For accurate, high-speed machine tool.Its so-called reduction of heat, refers to reduce and cutter by the rectangular channel in heat-shrinkable knife handle inwall in fact Contact heating surface area, because the requirement on machining accuracy of rectangular channel is high, can increase the manufacturing cost of handle of a knife using the method, contact The reduction of area will also result in subtracting of grip strength and reduces and stress concentration, and rectangular channel can not change sinking path, heat Amount still can be along contact surface fast propagation.
And for example Harbin, Heilongjiang Province Xiangfang District and No. 44 Harbin Measuring Tool & Cutting Tool Co., Ltd. of level road " dynamic balancing structure for thermal shrinkage shank " that Liu Xue invents and applies for a patent(Number of patent application:CN200720117397.8, the applying date: 2007.11.13, open (bulletin) number:CN201132265, open (bulletin) day:2008.10.15).It includes main body, main body For hollow structure, on body midsection circle of position week, dynamic balancing hole is equidistantly distributed with, is provided with dynamic flat in each dynamic balancing hole Weighing apparatus screw.Pass through after Cutting tool installation manner to adjust the screw-in of dynamic balancing screw and the length of back-out, to adjust computing ballance correction, to eliminate cutter The amount of unbalance producing is installed so as to the standard that reaches requires.So just can use at high speed.This heat-shrinkable knife handle can eliminate The imbalance producing is installed, but does not solve the technical problems such as imbalance and vibrations that external force in High-speed machining is caused, It is not involved with solving heat-shrinkable knife handle and the technical problems such as cutter cooling.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind can pass through pyrocondensation knife bar Internal structure is quickly dredged heat, is reduced mating area temperature and absorb part vibrations and the preferably interior cooling damping heat of rigidity Contracting cutter arbor device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:It includes handle of a knife 5, pyrocondensation knife bar 3 and cutter 1; The inner of handle of a knife 5 is the contour structures matching with machining center main shaft, and handle of a knife 5 is designed as hollow structure, and handle of a knife 5 is in hollow Chamber waist is less than the screw vent structure matching with connecting screw rod 6 external diameter of two ends internal diameter for internal diameter, the outer end of handle of a knife 5 be to The taper cavity structure opening outward;The inner profile of pyrocondensation knife bar 3 is the taper knot matching with handle of a knife 5 outer end taper cavity Structure and the inner is provided with screw;The inner of pyrocondensation knife bar 3 is sleeved in the outer end taper cavity of handle of a knife 5, and using connection spiral shell It is in mating connection that bar 6 is inserted in screw through the inner setting of screw vent and pyrocondensation knife bar 3 by handle of a knife 5 the inner, so that pyrocondensation Knife bar 3 is fixedly connected with handle of a knife 5;The inner of cutter 1 is sleeved on pyrocondensation knife bar 3 outer end using interference seal cooperation;Described pyrocondensation Knife bar 3 adopts hollow cavity structure, and the middle part of connecting screw rod 6 is provided with through hole and the sealing screw of the installation that matches with its through hole 9, the through hole of connecting screw rod 6 is connected with the hollow cavity of pyrocondensation knife bar 3, the pyrocondensation knife bar between connecting screw rod 6 and cutter 1 3 hollow cavities form cooling sap cavity 4, encapsulate coolant in cooling sap cavity 4.
By solving the technical problem that pyrocondensation knife bar is run into, pyrocondensation knife bar 3 of the present invention can, waist gradually little using two ends Thicker biconial structure.
For improving radiating effect, the present invention also can be connected with radiating core 2 in cutter 1 the inner.Described radiating core 2 adopts heat conduction The good copper radiating core of performance.The afterbody of described radiating core 2 is designed to wings to increase area of dissipation.
The present invention also can be provided with screwed hole in cutter 1 the inner, and one end of radiating core 2 is provided with and cutter 1 screwed hole phase The threaded rod of cooperation, radiating core 2 shaft is sleeved on cutter 1 screw thread in the hole.
For strengthening sealing effectiveness, the present invention also can be provided with spiral shell between the nut of sealing screw 9 and connecting screw rod 6 through hole Rod seal circle 10 seals to it.Also can be between pyrocondensation knife bar 3 the inner and handle of a knife 5 outer end taper cavity bottom, the company of being located at Connect screw rod 6 periphery cooperation suit tool bar sealing circle 7 so as to seal to cooling sap cavity 4.
Interior cooling in the present invention is that the copper radiating core passing through to be attached thereto by the heat of cutter is quickly delivered to heat In coolant within contracting knife bar, because coolant has larger specific heat capacity, amount of heat can be absorbed, due to pyrocondensation knife bar High-speed rotation, uniform heat distribution and pyrocondensation knife bar inwall can be reached by outwards transmit in coolant, so that pyrocondensation knife Bar is reduced with the temperature of cutter mating part.
Meanwhile, in the present invention, the damping of coolant is very big, can absorb the vibrations that part produces because of external force;Pyrocondensation knife Although handle-cutter formula tooling system structure also can meet the requirement of high-rate wireless LAN, handle of a knife lacks flexibility with cutter cooperation, The complicated many types of face of mould processes the multifarious requirement to cutter certainly will increase the input of handle of a knife, and processing cost is carried significantly High;The introducing of pyrocondensation knife bar solves the problems referred to above well, and, by adopting standard component, interchangeability is good for the handle of a knife in the present invention; Pyrocondensation knife bar is connected with handle of a knife by screw rod, simple and reliable for structure, and pyrocondensation knife bar Seriation Design is applicable to different processing Environment, and when thermal shrink fit's part has abrasion, change a pyrocondensation knife bar more much lower than the cost changing heat-shrinkable knife handle.
The present invention passes through using special design and innovation, such as adopts mode connects for screw between handle of a knife and pyrocondensation knife bar, and adopts With sealing structure, it is sealed, prevent from cooling down the leakage of the coolant of sap cavity;It compared with traditional handle of a knife-cutter mechanism, this The length of pyrocondensation knife bar in invention and size are Seriation Designs, and preferably, this makes the present invention can basis well to rigidity Different processing environments select the pyrocondensation knife bar of suitable dimension;In terms of cooling damping, in the present invention, cool down the coolant quilt of sap cavity It is sealed in inside pyrocondensation knife bar, cost-effective, environmentally safe;By using above-mentioned design make the present invention install simple, Easily split, size is easily expanded, interchangeability is good, improves it well as the suitability of processing unit (plant).Carrying out deep-small hole During processing, rigidity is preferable, and can make the heat being delivered to cutter and pyrocondensation knife bar mating area in working angles through radiating core biography Enter in the cavity within pyrocondensation knife bar, and absorbed by the coolant of the coolant intracavity in cavity, it is to avoid heat is assembled and drawn Play that mating area temperature is too high, thus improving the reliability of pyrocondensation knife bar and cutter cooperation;Cavity is in closed state, and cools down The coolant of sap cavity may also be employed distilled water, it is to avoid the pollution to environment;The coolant of cooling sap cavity is while absorbing heat Also absorb part to shake, improve machining accuracy.The present invention is mainly used for the deep-small hole processing and other fields in machining.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the general assembly cross section structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the general assembly contour structures schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of connecting screw rod.
Fig. 4 is the left view structural representation of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the assembling structure schematic diagram of cutter and radiating core.
Fig. 6 is the left view structural representation of Fig. 5.
Accompanying drawing marks explanation:1- cutter, 2- radiating core, 3- pyrocondensation knife bar, 4- cooling sap cavity, 5- handle of a knife, 6- connecting screw rod, 7- tool bar sealing circle, 8- packing ring, 9- sealing screw, 10- segment hub seal circle.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate technical scheme and feature, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is done further Describe in detail.
Embodiment 1, as shown in figure 1, it includes handle of a knife 5, pyrocondensation knife bar 3 and cutter 1;During the inner of handle of a knife 5 is and processes The contour structures that heart main shaft matches, handle of a knife 5 is designed as hollow structure, and handle of a knife 5 is less than two ends for hollow cavity waist for internal diameter The screw vent structure matching with connecting screw rod 6 external diameter of internal diameter, the outer end of handle of a knife 5 is that outwardly taper cavity is tied Structure;The inner profile of pyrocondensation knife bar 3 is the pyramidal structure being matched with handle of a knife 5 outer end taper cavity and the inner is provided with spiral shell Hole;The inner of pyrocondensation knife bar 3 is sleeved in the outer end taper cavity of handle of a knife 5, and is inserted in by handle of a knife 5 the inner using connecting screw rod 6 In mating connection with the screw of the inner setting of pyrocondensation knife bar 3 through screw vent, so that pyrocondensation knife bar 3 is fixing with handle of a knife 5 even Connect;Coolant can be cooled down in sap cavity 4 by the through hole injection in connecting screw rod 6, so that in the cooling sap cavity 4 of pyrocondensation knife bar 3 Filling coolant, coolant can be water or other cooling liquid, and it can cool down to cutter 1 in real time, causes cutter 1 Temperature reduces and absorbs part vibrations;The inner of cutter 1 is sleeved on pyrocondensation knife bar 3 outer end using interference seal cooperation;Described heat Contracting knife bar 3 adopts hollow cavity structure, and the middle part of connecting screw rod 6 is provided with through hole and the sealing spiral shell of the installation that matches with its through hole Nail 9, makes cooling sap cavity 4 become a closed chamber fully sealing, the hollow cavity of the through hole of connecting screw rod 6 and pyrocondensation knife bar 3 It is connected, pyrocondensation knife bar 3 hollow cavity between connecting screw rod 6 and cutter 1 forms cooling sap cavity 4, seal in cooling sap cavity 4 Dress coolant.In the present invention, handle of a knife 5 and cutter 1 also can be selected for standard component, after completing above-mentioned installation, by handle of a knife 5 main shaft with Machining center main shaft connects.It passes through to select pyrocondensation knife bar and the handle of a knife of different length and size according to different machining operating modes Cooperation, increases interchangeability, thus saving handle of a knife manufacture spending.When carrying out High-speed machining, the heat of cutter 1 front end passes through cutter 1 itself transmits backward, and the coolant in cooled sap cavity 4 absorbs, and vibrations in process also have part will be cooled The coolant of sap cavity 4 absorbs, thus reducing vibrations.Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6.
Embodiment 2, by solving to lengthen the technical problem that pyrocondensation knife bar is run into, pyrocondensation knife bar 3 of the present invention can adopt The biconial structure that two ends are gradually little, waist is thicker.Its pyrocondensation knife bar compared with traditional handle of a knife-cutter mechanism, in the present invention Length and size be Seriation Design, preferably, this makes the present invention can be well according to the selection of different processing environments to rigidity The pyrocondensation knife bar of suitable dimension.Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, is improving radiating effect, and the present invention also can be connected with radiating core 2, described radiating core 2 in cutter 1 the inner The copper radiating core of good heat conductivity can be adopted.Also the afterbody of radiating core 2 can be designed to wings to increase area of dissipation. Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, remaining is with above-described embodiment 1 or 2.
Embodiment 4, for convenience of installing and strengthening the fastness connecting, the present invention also can be provided with screw thread in cutter 1 the inner Hole, one end of radiating core 2 is provided with the threaded rod closing with cutter 1 corresponding threaded holes, and radiating core 2 shaft is sleeved on cutter 1 screw thread in the hole.Refering to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, remaining is with above-described embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5, for strengthening sealing effectiveness, the present invention also can be between the nut of sealing screw 9 and connecting screw rod 6 through hole It is provided with segment hub seal circle 10 it is sealed.Refering to Fig. 1 to 3, remaining same above-described embodiment.
Embodiment 6, for strengthening sealing effectiveness, the present invention also can be at pyrocondensation knife bar 3 the inner and handle of a knife 5 outer end taper cavity bottom Between portion, it is located at connecting screw rod 6 periphery cooperation suit tool bar sealing circle 7 so as to seal to cooling sap cavity 4.Refering to Fig. 1 extremely 3, remaining same above-described embodiment.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device, is characterized in that:It includes handle of a knife(5), pyrocondensation knife bar(3)And cutter(1); Handle of a knife(5)The inner be the contour structures matching with machining center main shaft, handle of a knife(5)It is designed as hollow structure, handle of a knife(5)For Hollow cavity waist for internal diameter be less than two ends internal diameter and connecting screw rod(6)The screw vent structure that external diameter matches, handle of a knife(5) Outer end be outwardly taper cavity structure;Pyrocondensation knife bar(3)Inner profile be and handle of a knife(5)Outer end taper cavity phase Cooperation pyramidal structure and the inner is provided with screw;Pyrocondensation knife bar(3)The inner be sleeved on handle of a knife(5)Outer end taper empty Intracavity, and adopt connecting screw rod(6)By handle of a knife(5)The inner is inserted in through screw vent and pyrocondensation knife bar(3)The spiral shell of inner setting Hole is in mating connection, so that pyrocondensation knife bar(3)With handle of a knife(5)It is fixedly connected;Cutter(1)The inner adopt interference seal coordinate It is sleeved on pyrocondensation knife bar(3)Outer end;Described pyrocondensation knife bar(3)Using hollow cavity structure, connecting screw rod(6)Middle part be provided with Through hole and the sealing screw of the installation that matches with its through hole(9), connecting screw rod(6)Through hole and pyrocondensation knife bar(3)Hollow in Chamber is connected, in connecting screw rod(6)With cutter(1)Between pyrocondensation knife bar(3)Hollow cavity forms cooling sap cavity(4), cold But sap cavity(4)Interior encapsulation coolant;Described cutter(1)The inner is connected with radiating core(2);Described cutter(1)The inner is provided with spiral shell Pit, radiating core(2)One end be provided with and cutter(1)The threaded rod that corresponding threaded holes close, radiating core(2)Shaft set It is contained in cutter(1)Screw thread in the hole.
2. according to claim 1 interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device, it is characterized in that:Described pyrocondensation knife bar(3)Using two The biconial structure that end is gradually little, waist is thicker.
3. according to claim 1 interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device, it is characterized in that:Described radiating core(2)Using heat conduction The good copper radiating core of performance.
4. according to claim 1 interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device, it is characterized in that:Described radiating core(2)Afterbody set Count into wings to increase area of dissipation.
5. according to claim 1 interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device, it is characterized in that:Described sealing screw(9)Nut With connecting screw rod(6)It is provided with segment hub seal circle between through hole(10)It is sealed.
6. according to claim 1 interior cooling damping pyrocondensation cutter arbor device, it is characterized in that:In pyrocondensation knife bar(3)The inner and knife Handle(5)Between the taper cavity bottom of outer end, it is located at connecting screw rod(6)Periphery cooperation suit tool bar sealing circle(7)So as to cooling Sap cavity(4)Sealed.
CN201410562618.7A 2014-10-22 2014-10-22 Inner cooling damping heat-shrinkable tool bar device Expired - Fee Related CN104385023B (en)

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CN104785864A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-22 中山市利群精密实业有限公司 Machining mechanism of numerical control machine tool
CN104785806A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-22 中山市利群精密实业有限公司 Tool bar structure of numerical control machine tool
CN104785798A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-22 中山市利群精密实业有限公司 Main shaft structure of numerically-controlled machine tool
CN104785829A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-22 中山市利群精密实业有限公司 Cutter bar device of numerically-controlled machine tool and operation method thereof
CN104959665B (en) * 2015-05-28 2017-12-08 湘潭大学 A kind of combined high flexibility knife bar
CN108480733B (en) * 2018-04-17 2020-05-08 山东大学 Ultrahigh-speed rotating automatic dynamic balance milling cutter rod with large length-diameter ratio through material compensation

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