CN104373124B - A kind of tunneling working face dust guard and dust-control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust-proof device and a dust-proof method for a machine-excavated working face, which comprises a spraying of a tunneling head and a spray of a crushing and reloading system. On the outside of the wrapped spray device, the wrapped spray device includes an inner steel pipe and an outer steel pipe sleeved on the head of the roadheader, and eight mixed nozzles with X-shaped diversion cores and wide-angle swivels are evenly arranged between the inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe. Type nozzles can form a spherical dust-falling area that wraps the face of the excavation. Aiming at the dust production in the crushing and transferring system, a dust cover is arranged on the outside of the crusher, at the connection between the bridge transfer machine and the belt conveyor, and the dust cover is fully enclosed to control dust. Combined with chemical dust removal and air curtain dust isolation technology, a relatively comprehensive comprehensive dust prevention measure has been formed on the machine excavation face, which reduces the dust concentration on the machine excavation face to below 10mg/m ³ and greatly improves the working environment of the staff.

Description

Dust-proof device and dust-proof method for machine excavation face

technical field

The invention relates to the field of underground dust prevention in coal mines, and relates to a dust prevention device and a dust prevention method for a machine excavation working face.

Background technique

Since the introduction of the first roadheader in my country in the 1960s, the degree of mechanization of coal mines in my country has become higher and higher, and roadheaders have been widely used in coal mines in my country. Especially in recent years, the rapid popularization of high-power roadheaders has accelerated The development of fully mechanized excavation technology in our country. While the fully mechanized excavation technology increases the excavation speed of the machine-excavated working face, it also leads to a sharp increase in the dust concentration of the working flour. According to the actual measurement, the average dust concentration of the machine-excavation working face is close to 1000mg/m ³ without any dust prevention measures, and the dust concentration in some places is as high as 3000mg/m ³ , and nearly 55% of the dust is respirable dust, which is serious. Exceeds the relevant provisions of national safety standards. Such a high concentration of dust will reduce the labor productivity of the miners, affect the output and benefits of the mine, and lead to the death of miners suffering from pneumoconiosis that cannot be cured for a long time, or cause dust explosions, causing heavy casualties and economic losses. Production safety and the physical and mental health of miners pose a serious threat.

At present, in response to the problem of high flour dust concentration in machine-driven excavation work, various production mines have adopted dust prevention and control measures such as spraying outside the roadheader, dust removal fan, foam dust removal, etc., but the effect is not ideal, making the machine-digging working face unsatisfactory. A relatively simple and practical mine comprehensive dust prevention method can be formed.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a dust-proof device and a dust-proof method for the working face of the machine excavation, so as to improve the efficiency of dust reduction or dust prevention, and improve the working environment of the working face of the machine excavation.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the solution of the present invention includes:

A dust-proof device for a machine-excavated working face, which includes a tunneling head, wherein, the rear end of the tunneling head is provided with an enveloping spray device, and the front end of the excavation head is exposed outside the enveloping spray device, and the enveloping spray device includes a sleeve The inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe placed on the head of the tunneling machine respectively supply high-pressure air source and water source to the inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe for spraying and dust reduction. There are eight X-shaped guide tubes evenly arranged between the inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe The mixed nozzle with a wide-angle swivel core, the angle between the setting point of each mixed nozzle and the center line of the inner steel pipe is 45 degrees, and the angle between the extension line of each mixed nozzle arrangement direction and the axis of the inner steel pipe At 30 degrees, multiple mixing nozzles are in the spray state to form a spherical dust fall area that can cover the working face of the machine.

The dust-proof device for the machine-excavated working face, wherein the roadheader is connected with a crushing and reloading system for crushing and transporting coal, and the outside of the crusher in the crushing and reloading system is provided with a dust cover, and the feed port of the crusher is There are multiple inlet nozzles arranged, the discharge port of the crusher is arranged with multiple outlet nozzles, the front end of the dust cover is arranged with multiple crusher nozzles, the crusher is connected with a bridge-type transfer machine, and the bridge-type transfer The conveyor is connected with the belt conveyor, and multiple transfer point nozzles are arranged on the transfer point at the connection between the bridge transfer conveyor and the belt conveyor.

The dust-proof device for the working face of the machine excavation, wherein, the nozzles of the feed inlet are four tangential centrifugal hybrid copper nozzles with a beam-shaped nozzle diameter of 1.5 mm, and the nozzles of the above-mentioned crusher are four The atomization type is a vortex centrifugal mixing copper nozzle with a solid conical nozzle diameter of 1.8mm, and the above outlet nozzles are four tangential centrifugal copper nozzles with an umbrella-shaped nozzle diameter of 1.3mm. , the above-mentioned transfer point nozzles are four vortex centrifugal stainless steel nozzles with a tapered section and a nozzle diameter of 2.0 mm in the form of a solid cone.

The dust-proof device for the machine-excavated working face, wherein the roadhead head is arranged at the front of the roadheader, the roadheader is provided with a cab, and the roadheader between the cab and the roadheader is provided with a barrier for forming an isolation air curtain. Air curtain machine.

The dust-proof device for the working face of the machine excavation, wherein, the back of the roadheader is provided with a telescopic belt, and the telescopic belt is provided with an automatic dustproof agent adding device. The dustproof agent automatic adding device can move with the telescopic belt, and the dustproof agent automatically The adding device is connected with the external water source through the water supply pipeline, and the dustproof agent automatic adding device is connected with the wrapped spray device through the water supply pipeline.

In the dust-proof device for the working face of the machine excavation, a booster pump is arranged on the water supply pipeline.

The dust-proof device for the working face of the machine excavation, wherein, a press-in type air cylinder is arranged in the machine excavation surface, which can provide sufficient air flow, and a wind flow branch is introduced from the press-in type air duct to the inner steel pipe, and along the inner steel pipe There is a circular air outlet gap with a width of 5mm on the axis.

A dust-proof method using the dust-proof device for a machine-excavated working face, which includes the following steps: when the roadhead head cuts coal, water mist is sprayed from a plurality of mixing nozzles supplied with water by the outer steel pipe, and the water mist is aligned with the axis of the inner steel pipe. Spray at an angle of 30 degrees. Under the joint action of the spray pressure and the air pressure in the inner steel pipe, the force generated by the collision between the water mist and the coal wall facing the head and the driving force formed by the nozzle spray make the water mist form a spherical dust fall. The area wraps the tunneling head; synchronously, the air curtain machine ejects the airflow perpendicular to the direction of travel of the tunneling head to form an isolation air curtain, blocking the air circulation between the tunneling head and the cab; the isolation air curtain is aligned with the spherical dust reduction area Tunneling head for double dust suppression.

The dust-proof method described above, wherein, synchronously with the above steps, the dust suppressant is added to the spray dust-proof water by using an automatic dust suppressant adding device, so that spray dust suppression, chemical dust removal and air curtain dust isolation are combined; coal rock crushing When reloading, the inlet nozzle sprays along the coal and rock transportation direction at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal line to pre-wet the coal rock; the crusher nozzle and the horizontal line sprays against the coal and rock transportation direction at an angle of 45 degrees to the crushing product The nozzle at the discharge port sprays vertically downwards, and sprays the small part of dust that is not collected in front to reduce dust; the nozzle at the reloading point is at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal line and sprays along the direction of coal and rock transportation. Negative pressure is formed inside, and a small part of the dust that escapes out of the dust cover is re-inhaled into the cover for capture.

A dust-proof device and dust-proof method for a machine-excavated working face provided by the present invention, aiming at the cutting dust produced by the roadheader, adopts a wrap-type spray device to form a spherical dust-reduction area, wraps the head of the roadhead, and can also be used in the wrap-type spray device Add chemical dust suppressant inside, and use the air curtain generated by the air curtain machine to seal the cutting dust in front of the driver, so that spray dust reduction, chemical dust removal and air curtain dust isolation are combined; for the dust generated by the crushing and reloading system, on the one hand, implement dust blocking The hood is fully closed to control dust to prevent random dispersion of dust produced by crushing and reprinting. On the other hand, it is supplemented by atomizing nozzles to efficiently capture dust, thus forming a relatively comprehensive comprehensive dust prevention measure on the machine digging face, which is not only safe and convenient, but also effective. It reduces the high concentration of dust in the production process of the underground coal mine excavation face, improves the dust suppression efficiency, reduces the dust concentration of the machine excavation face to below 10mg/ ^m3 , and greatly improves the working environment of the staff.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the side view structural representation of the dust-proof device of the working face of the machine excavation in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of the dustproof device of the working face of the machine excavation in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the dust-proof device of the working face of the machine excavation in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of air curtain machine in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of booster pump in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the dustproof agent automatic adding device among the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of wrapping type spray device among the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing and reloading system in the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention provides a dust-proof device and a dust-proof method for a machine excavation working face. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The present invention provides a dust-proof device and dust-proof method for a machine excavation face, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 7, which includes a roadhead head 1, wherein the back end of the roadhead head 1 is set There is a wrapped spray device 2, the front end of the roadhead head 1 is exposed outside the wrapped spray device 2, the wrapped spray device 2 includes an inner steel pipe 3 and an outer steel pipe 4 sleeved on the roadhead head, and the inner steel pipe 3 High-pressure air source and water source are supplied in the outer steel pipe 4 for spraying and dust suppression. Between the inner steel pipe 3 and the outer steel pipe 4, there are a plurality of hybrid nozzles 5 with X-shaped diversion cores and wide-angle swirls evenly arranged. Mixing nozzle with diversion core wide-angle swivel. The angle between the setting point of each hybrid nozzle 5 and the center line of the inner steel pipe 3 is 45 degrees, and the angle between the extension line of the arrangement direction of each hybrid nozzle 5 and the axis of the inner steel pipe 3 is 30 degrees. All the mixing nozzles 5 are in the spraying state, forming a spherical dust-falling area that can cover the working face of the machine excavation. As shown in Figure 7, eight mixing nozzles can be arranged between the inner steel pipe 3 and the outer steel pipe 4, five of which are located at the upper part and three are located at the lower part, so that the water mist can catch dust from top to bottom under the action of gravity.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the roadheader 6 is connected with the crushing and reloading system for crushing and transporting coal, and the outside of the crusher 14 in the crushing and reloading system is provided with a dust cover 15. The feed port is arranged with a plurality of feed port nozzles 16, the discharge port of the crusher 14 is arranged with a plurality of discharge port nozzles 17, the front end of the dust cover 15 is arranged with a plurality of crusher nozzles 18, and the crusher 14 is connected to a bridge. The transfer machine 19 is connected, the bridge transfer machine 19 is connected with the belt conveyor 20, and a plurality of transfer point nozzles 21 are arranged on the transfer point at the junction of the bridge transfer machine 19 and the belt conveyor 20. The dust shield 15 realizes the complete sealing of the crushing dust, and the dust enclosed in the crusher 14 is collected through the inlet nozzle 16 , the outlet nozzle 17 and the crusher nozzle 18 . The transfer point between the bridge transfer machine 19 and the belt conveyor 20 can also be provided with a transfer point dust cover 22 for sealing off the dust at the transfer point, and the transfer point nozzle 21 is used to collect the dust enclosed in the transfer point .

More specifically, the above-mentioned inlet nozzles 16 are four tangential centrifugal mixing copper nozzles with a beam-shaped nozzle diameter of 1.5 mm, and the above-mentioned crusher nozzles 18 are four atomization types that are solid cones. A vortex centrifugal mixing copper nozzle with a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm, the above outlet 17 nozzles are four tangential centrifugal copper nozzles with an umbrella-shaped nozzle diameter of 1.3mm, and the above-mentioned transfer point nozzle 21 is four vortex centrifugal stainless steel nozzles with a tapering section and a nozzle diameter of 2.0 mm, which is a solid conical atomization pattern.

Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the roadheader head 1 is arranged on the front portion of the roadheader 6, and the roadheader 6 is provided with a cab 7, and the roadheader between the cab 7 and the roadheader head 1 6 is provided with an air curtain machine 8 for forming an isolation air curtain. While forming a spherical dust fall area, the air curtain machine 8 generates an isolation air curtain, thereby improving the effect of dust reduction or dust control.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the roadheader 6 rear portion is provided with telescopic belt 9, and telescopic belt 9 is provided with dustproof agent automatic adding device 10, dustproof agent automatic adding device 10 can move with telescoping belt 9, and dustproof agent automatic adding device 10 is connected with external water source through water supply pipeline 11, and dustproof agent automatic adding device 10 is connected with wrapped spray device 2 through water supply pipeline. In addition, a booster pump 12 is provided on the water supply pipeline, which increases the flow rate and initial velocity of the spray of the wrapped spray device 2, thereby making the collision and adhesion between the water mist and the dust stronger, increasing the atomization space, and further The coverage area of the spherical dust suppression area is enlarged, and the dust suppression efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, a press-in air cylinder 13 is arranged in the machine excavation surface, and an air flow branch is introduced from the press-in air cylinder 13 to the inner steel pipe 3, which can provide sufficient air flow, and a width is opened along the axis of the inner steel pipe 3 The circular air outlet gap is 5mm. After the air flow is sprayed out from the gap, it can effectively increase the range of spray droplets.

The present invention also provides a dust-proof method for the dust-proof device of the machine-digging working face, which includes the following steps: when the road-heading machine head 1 cuts coal, a plurality of mixing nozzles 5 supplied with water by the outer steel pipe 4 spray water mist, The water mist is sprayed at an angle of 30 degrees to the 3-axis of the inner steel pipe. Under the joint action of the spray pressure and the air pressure in the inner steel pipe, the force generated by the collision between the water mist and the coal wall facing the head and the push formed by the nozzle spray Force, so that the water mist forms a spherical dust-falling area to wrap the tunneling head 1; synchronously, the air curtain machine 8 ejects airflow perpendicular to the direction of travel of the tunneling head 1 to form an isolation air curtain, blocking the tunneling head 1 and the cab 7 air circulation; isolation of the air curtain and the spherical dust reduction area for double dust removal of the tunneling head.

Furthermore, synchronously with the above steps, the dust suppressant is added to the spray dust prevention water by using the dust suppressant automatic adding device, so that the spray dust reduction, chemical dust removal and air curtain dust isolation are combined. When the coal rock is crushed and reloaded, the inlet nozzle 16 is at a 45-degree angle to the horizontal line and sprays along the coal rock transportation direction to pre-wet the coal rock; the crusher nozzle 18 is at a 45-degree angle to the horizontal line against the coal rock transportation direction Spraying, to capture the crushed dust; the outlet nozzle 17 sprays vertically downwards, and sprays the small part of dust that is not collected in front; the transfer point nozzle 21 is at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal line and transports along the coal rock Directional spraying forms a negative pressure inside the dust shield 22 at the transfer point, and a small part of the dust that escapes out of the dust shield is re-inhaled in the shield for capture. A relatively comprehensive comprehensive dust prevention measure has been formed on the machine digging face, which is not only safe and convenient, but also effectively reduces the high concentration of dust in the production process of the machine digging face in the coal mine, improves the dust reduction efficiency, and makes the dust on the machine digging face The concentration is reduced to below 10mg/m ³ , greatly improving the working environment of the staff.

It is more specific:

The head-on spraying and dust reduction of the machine-excavation working face is combined with chemical dust removal. On the roadheader 6, the enveloping spray device 2 is installed in the front, and the onboard booster pump 12 is installed in the rear to provide constant pressure for the enveloping spray device 2. When the roadheader 6 cuts coal, the airborne booster pump 12 and the wrapped spray device 2 are turned on at the same time to settle and capture the dust generated by the cutting of the roadheader 1. Near the head 140m-60m, there is an automatic dust-proof agent adding device 10, which can quantitatively and continuously add the spray dust-removal agent into the water supply pipeline, thereby effectively solving the problem of high surface tension of ordinary dust-proof water, not easy to condense and settle dust, and further improve Spray dust suppression efficiency;

Under the dust insulation of the closed air curtain, on the boring machine 6, the driver's cab 7 front, under the premise of not blocking the driver's line of sight, an air curtain machine 8 is installed. Linked with the roadheader 6, a full-section air barrier is formed in front of the cab 7 to isolate the space of the roadhead head 1 from the cab 7 and the rear space, further reducing the dust generated by the cutting of the roadhead head 1 from spreading to the personnel working place .

And synchronously apply the dust suppressant automatic adding device to add the dust suppressant to the spray dust-proof water, so that the spray dust suppression, chemical dust removal and air curtain dust isolation are combined; Spray at a five-degree angle along the coal and rock transportation direction to pre-wet the coal and rock; the crusher nozzle 18 sprays against the coal and rock transportation direction at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal line to collect the crushing dust; the outlet nozzle 17 is vertical Spray downwards to spray and reduce the dust that is not collected in front of the small part of the dust; the transfer point nozzle 21 forms a 45-degree angle with the horizontal line and sprays along the coal and rock transportation direction, forming a negative pressure inside the dust cover 15, and the small part The dust that escapes out of the dust cover is sucked back into the cover for capture.

Of course, the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. It should be noted that all equivalent substitutions made by any person skilled in the art under the teaching of this specification , obvious deformation forms, all fall within the essential scope of this specification, and should be protected by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A dust-proof device for a machine-excavated working face, which includes spraying of a tunneling head and crushing and reprinting system spray, wherein the rear end of the tunneling head is provided with a wrapping spray device, and the front end of the tunneling head is exposed outside the wrapping spray device , the wrapping spray device includes an inner steel pipe and an outer steel pipe set on the head of the tunneling machine, and eight mixed nozzles with X-shaped diversion cores and wide-angle swivels are evenly arranged between the inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe, which can form a wrapped The head-on spherical dust-reduction area on the excavation face is aimed at the dust generated by the crushing and reloading system. On the one hand, dust shields are arranged on the outside of the crusher, at the connection between the bridge type reloading machine and the belt conveyor, and the dust cover is fully enclosed to control dust. Atomizing nozzles are used to capture dust efficiently. In addition, combined with chemical dust removal and air curtain dust isolation technology, a relatively comprehensive comprehensive dust prevention measure has been formed on the machine excavation face, reducing the dust concentration on the machine excavation face to below 10mg/ ^m3 . Greatly improved the working environment of the staff; Between the inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe, eight hybrid nozzles with X-shaped diversion cores and wide-angle swirls are evenly arranged. The angle between the setting point of each hybrid nozzle and the center line of the inner steel pipe is 45 degrees. The angle between the extension line of the hybrid nozzle arrangement direction and the axis of the inner steel pipe is 30 degrees, and the wrapping spray device is used to form a spherical dust reduction area to wrap the excavation face head-on. 2. The dust-proof device for the machine-excavated working face according to claim 1, characterized in that the roadheader is connected with a crushing and reloading system for crushing and transporting coal, and the outside of the crusher in the crushing and reloading system is provided with a dust-proof Cover, the feed port of the crusher is arranged with multiple feed port nozzles, the discharge port of the crusher is provided with multiple discharge port nozzles, the front end of the dust shield is provided with multiple crusher nozzles, the crusher and a bridge type The reloading machine is connected, the bridge type reloading machine is connected with the belt conveyor, and multiple reloading point nozzles are arranged on the reloading point at the junction of the bridge type reloading machine and the belt conveyor. 3. The dust-proof device for the working face of machine excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that, the nozzles at the feed inlet are four tangential centrifugal hybrid copper nozzles with beam-shaped nozzle diameters of 1.5 mm in atomization pattern , the above-mentioned crusher nozzles are four vortex centrifugal mixing copper nozzles with a solid cone-shaped nozzle diameter of 1.8mm in atomization pattern, and four umbrella-shaped nozzles with a diameter of 1.3mm in the above-mentioned outlet nozzle The tangential centrifugal copper nozzle is a tangential centrifugal copper nozzle, and the above-mentioned transfer point nozzles are four solid cone-shaped spray nozzles with a diameter of 2.0mm and a vortex centrifugal stainless steel nozzle with a tapered section. 4. The dust-proof device for machine-excavated working face according to claim 1, characterized in that, the roadhead head is arranged on the front portion of the roadheader, the roadheader is provided with a driver's cab, and the roadheader between the driver's cab and the roadheader head An air curtain machine for forming an isolation air curtain is provided. 5. The dust-proof device for the working face of excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that, the back of the roadheader is provided with a telescopic belt, and the telescopic belt is provided with an automatic dustproof agent adding device, which can The telescopic belt moves, the dustproof agent automatic adding device is connected with the external water source through the water supply pipeline, and the dustproof agent automatic adding device is connected with the wrapped spray device through the water supply pipeline. 6. The dust-proof device for excavation face according to claim 5, characterized in that a booster pump is arranged on the water supply pipeline. 7. The dust-proof device for the working face of the machine excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that, a press-in air cylinder is arranged in the machine excavation surface, and an air flow branch is introduced into the inner steel pipe by the press-in type air cylinder, and Along the axis of the inner steel pipe, there is a circular air outlet slot with a width of 5 mm. 8. A dust-proof method using a dust-proof device for a machine digging working face as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of: spraying water mist from a plurality of mixing nozzles supplied with water by the outer steel pipe when the roadhead head is cutting coal, and the water The mist is sprayed at an angle of 30 degrees to the axis of the inner steel pipe. Under the joint action of the spray pressure and the air pressure in the inner steel pipe, the force generated by the collision between the water mist and the head-on coal wall and the driving force formed by the nozzle spray, Make the water mist form a spherical dust-reduction area to wrap the tunneling head; synchronously, the air curtain machine ejects airflow perpendicular to the direction of travel of the tunneling head to form an isolation air curtain, blocking the air circulation between the tunneling head and the cab; the isolation air The curtain and the spherical dust-suppression area perform double dust-suppression on the roadheader head. 9. The dust-proof method according to claim 8, characterized in that, synchronously with the steps above, the dust-suppressant is added to the spray dust-proof water by using a dust-suppressant automatic adding device, so that the spray dust, chemical dust removal and air curtain Combination of dust isolation; when the coal rock is crushed and reloaded, the nozzle of the feed port and the horizontal line form a 45-degree angle to spray along the coal and rock transportation direction to pre-wet the coal rock; the crusher nozzle forms a 45-degree angle to the horizontal line against the coal Spray in the direction of rock transportation to capture the dust produced by crushing; the nozzle of the discharge outlet sprays vertically downward to spray and reduce the small part of dust that is not collected in front; the nozzle at the transfer point is at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal line along the coal Spraying in the direction of transportation creates a negative pressure inside the dust cover, and a small part of the dust that escapes out of the dust cover is re-inhaled into the cover for capture.