CN104367009B - Manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk - Google Patents
Manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk Download PDFInfo
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- CN104367009B CN104367009B CN201410290699.XA CN201410290699A CN104367009B CN 104367009 B CN104367009 B CN 104367009B CN 201410290699 A CN201410290699 A CN 201410290699A CN 104367009 B CN104367009 B CN 104367009B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B41/00—School desks or tables
- A47B41/02—Adjustable, inclinable, sliding or foldable desks tops
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B27/00—Drawing desks or tables; Carriers for drawing-boards
- A47B27/02—Adjustable drawing tables without balancing means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B27/00—Drawing desks or tables; Carriers for drawing-boards
- A47B27/14—Adjustable underframes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B41/00—School desks or tables
- A47B41/04—Drawing or model stands
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Abstract
手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌,涉及机械设计领域,解决了现有普通课桌存在的功能单一、无法适应不同身高人群、桌面无法倾斜调整的问题,包括桌面,底座,桌腿,智能控制系统,由包括电机支板、第一电机、第一手柄、蜗杆、蜗轮、滑动棒、长轴轴承、长轴、链条、键、垫圈、链轮轴、第二加强板、第一加强板、套板、定位块和链轮组成的升降机构,由滑动杆、第二手柄、丝杠、第二电机、起架支杆螺纹轴、菱形伸展组件、滚轮和导轨组成的倾角变化机构。本发明利用倾角变化机构、升降机构及智能控制系统实现课桌整体升降和桌面倾斜,绘图方便稳定,提高了绘图质量,为学习绘图学生的学生提供了良好的绘图设备。本发明性能好、效率高,易被学生所接受。
Manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk, involving the field of mechanical design, solves the problems of existing ordinary desks with single function, inability to adapt to people of different heights, and inability to adjust the tilt of the desktop, including desktop, base, table legs, and intelligent control The system consists of a motor support plate, a first motor, a first handle, a worm, a worm wheel, a sliding rod, a long shaft bearing, a long shaft, a chain, a key, a washer, a sprocket shaft, a second reinforcing plate, a first reinforcing plate, a sleeve A lifting mechanism consisting of a plate, a positioning block and a sprocket, an inclination changing mechanism consisting of a sliding rod, a second handle, a leading screw, a second motor, a threaded shaft of a support rod, a diamond-shaped extension assembly, a roller and a guide rail. The invention utilizes an inclination angle changing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and an intelligent control system to realize the overall lifting of the desk and the inclination of the desktop, the drawing is convenient and stable, the drawing quality is improved, and good drawing equipment is provided for students who study drawing. The invention has good performance and high efficiency, and is easily accepted by students.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及机械设计技术领域,具体涉及一种手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌。The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical design, in particular to a manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk.
背景技术Background technique
学生用课桌椅在学生平时的学习生活中占有很重要的地位,日常工作都离不开它,利用率很高,课桌椅也是培养学生良好坐姿的重要外界环境,它与脊柱弯曲异常综合症及近视眼的发生有密切的关系,也是影响学习作业能力及身体功能的一个重要因素,因此学生用课桌椅更应该符合人体工程学原理,这样不仅可以使学生养成良好的坐姿习惯,还可以提高作业效率,降低职业病的发病率。Desks and chairs used by students occupy a very important position in students' daily study and life. They are inseparable from daily work and have a high utilization rate. Desks and chairs are also an important external environment for cultivating students' good sitting posture. They are integrated with abnormal curvature of the spine. It is also closely related to the occurrence of myopia and myopia, and it is also an important factor affecting the ability to study and work and physical functions. Therefore, the desks and chairs used by students should conform to the principles of ergonomics. This will not only enable students to develop good sitting habits, It can also improve operating efficiency and reduce the incidence of occupational diseases.
据调查全国高校中开设机械绘图课的达200所,使用人数约40万,并且随着中国制造业的迅猛发展,学习机械制图课程的学生比例还会逐年增加,面对越来越突出的教学问题以及健康问题,必将需要对绘图设备进行创新设计。According to the survey, there are 200 mechanical drawing courses in colleges and universities across the country, and the number of users is about 400,000. With the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry, the proportion of students studying mechanical drawing courses will increase year by year. Faced with increasingly prominent teaching problems, as well as health concerns, will necessarily require innovative designs for drawing equipment.
目前,现有的普通课桌大都是采用桌面、桌腿以及抽屉构成,功能单一,上下课需搬图板或绘图没有图板;桌子高度是固定的,无法适应不同比例身高人群的需要;桌面是平的,工程制图需要长时间绘图,长期使用会引起颈椎变形,腰酸背痛等不适症状。At present, most of the existing ordinary desks are composed of desktops, table legs and drawers, with a single function. It is necessary to move the drawing board to and from get out of class or there is no drawing board for drawing; the height of the desk is fixed and cannot meet the needs of people with different proportions of height; It is flat, and engineering drawing needs to be drawn for a long time. Long-term use will cause cervical spine deformation, back pain and other discomfort symptoms.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有普通课桌存在的功能单一、无法适应不同身高人群、桌面无法倾斜调整的问题,本发明提供一种手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌。In order to solve the problems existing in the existing ordinary desks such as single function, inability to adapt to people of different heights, and inability to tilt the desktop, the present invention provides a manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk.
本发明为解决技术问题所采用的技术方案如下:The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving technical problems is as follows:
手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌,包括桌面和两个底座,每个底座上安装有两个桌腿;还包括:A manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk, including a desktop and two bases, each base is equipped with two table legs; it also includes:
升降机构,包括同一底座上的两个桌腿上套装有一个套板、两端分别通过长轴轴承安装在两个套板上端的长轴、套装在长轴上的蜗轮、与蜗轮为啮合作用的蜗杆、分别固定在蜗杆两端的第一手柄和第一电机、固定在支架上用于安装第一电机的电机支板、套装在长轴两端的两个链轮、固定在链轮与长轴之间的键、每个套板下端固定有一个链轮轴、上下端分别套装在链轮和链轮轴上且通过定位块固定在一个桌腿上的链条、每个桌腿外侧的上下端分别设置有一个滑动棒;上端滑动棒安装在桌腿上且与套板内侧滑动连接,下端滑动棒安装在套板上且与桌腿外侧滑动连接;Lifting mechanism, including two table legs on the same base with a cover plate, two ends of the long shaft installed on the top of the two cover plates through long shaft bearings, a worm wheel set on the long shaft, and the worm gear for meshing The worm, the first handle and the first motor fixed at both ends of the worm, the motor support plate fixed on the bracket for installing the first motor, the two sprockets set at both ends of the long shaft, fixed on the sprocket and the long shaft The key between them, a sprocket shaft is fixed at the lower end of each set plate, the upper and lower ends are respectively set on the sprocket and the sprocket shaft and the chain is fixed on a table leg through a positioning block, and the upper and lower ends of each table leg are respectively set There is a sliding rod; the upper sliding rod is installed on the table leg and is slidably connected with the inner side of the cover plate, and the lower end sliding rod is installed on the cover plate and is slidably connected with the outer side of the table leg;
固定在套板上的支架、固定在由支架上表面和套板上端面形成的平面上的底板、分别安装在底板两端且分别位于两个套板上端的两个桌面支架,所述桌面通过转轴安装在桌面支架上;The bracket fixed on the cover plate, the base plate fixed on the plane formed by the upper surface of the bracket and the end surface of the cover plate, and the two desktop brackets respectively installed on the two ends of the base plate and located at the upper ends of the two cover plates, the desktop through The rotating shaft is installed on the desktop bracket;
倾角变化机构,包括:两端安装在桌面支架的滑动平面内且在滑动平面内可做直线往复运动的滑动杆、与滑动杆通过螺旋副连接且位于底板上的丝杠、分别固定在丝杠两端且位于底板上的第二手柄和第二电机、分别安装在两个桌面支架上的两个菱形伸展组件、安装在桌面下表面的两个导轨、分别安装在两个菱形伸展组件上端且可在导轨的滑槽内滑动的两个滚轮;The inclination angle change mechanism includes: a sliding rod whose two ends are installed in the sliding plane of the desktop bracket and can perform linear reciprocating motion in the sliding plane, a lead screw connected with the sliding rod through a screw pair and located on the bottom plate, respectively fixed on the lead screw The two ends and the second handle and the second motor on the bottom plate, two diamond-shaped extension components installed on the two desktop supports, two guide rails installed on the lower surface of the desktop, respectively installed on the upper ends of the two diamond-shaped extension components and Two rollers that can slide in the chute of the guide rail;
安装在桌面上表面且分别与第一电机和第二电机电连接的智能控制系统,通过智能控制系统发出特定不同时间长短电脉冲信号控制第一电机和第二电机的转角和正反转,同时带动蜗杆和丝杠转动,实现课桌整体升降和桌面倾斜变化。The intelligent control system installed on the upper surface of the desktop and electrically connected with the first motor and the second motor respectively, through the intelligent control system sends out specific electric pulse signals of different time lengths to control the rotation angle and forward and reverse rotation of the first motor and the second motor, and simultaneously drives The worm and lead screw rotate to realize the overall lifting of the desk and the tilting change of the desktop.
还包括:通过临时小棒固定在底板上的伸缩组件,所述伸缩组件由多个连接杆和连接轴组成且可以临时小棒为中心向两端伸缩;分别固定在伸缩组件两端的两个工作台,这两个工作台分别位于两个桌面支架的方形孔内且可以由此抽出。It also includes: a telescopic assembly fixed on the bottom plate through a temporary small rod, the telescopic assembly is composed of a plurality of connecting rods and connecting shafts and can expand and contract to both ends with the temporary small rod as the center; two working parts fixed at both ends of the telescopic assembly The two workbenches are respectively located in the square holes of the two desktop supports and can be drawn out therefrom.
还包括:安装在桌面上表面的工具尺;所述工具尺一端凸起部分与桌面四周的3mm沟槽配合且可以在沟槽内滑动。It also includes: a tool ruler installed on the upper surface of the desktop; the protruding part at one end of the tool ruler matches with the 3mm groove around the desktop and can slide in the groove.
所述升降机构还包括:固定在套板外侧的第一加强板、活动放置在套板内侧且其两端与两个桌腿的内侧滑动连接的第二加强板;链轮轴一端通过第一加强板固定在套板外侧,另一端固定在第二加强板上且伸出套板外侧。The lifting mechanism also includes: a first reinforcement plate fixed on the outside of the cover plate, a second reinforcement plate movably placed on the inside of the cover plate and the two ends of which are slidably connected to the insides of the two table legs; one end of the sprocket shaft passes through the first reinforcement plate. The plate is fixed on the outer side of the cover plate, and the other end is fixed on the second reinforcement plate and extends out of the cover plate.
还包括:安装在链轮轴上且位于第二加强板内侧的垫圈。Also included: a washer mounted on the sprocket shaft and inside the second reinforcement plate.
所述菱形伸展组件由多个起升杆和小轴组成,滚轮安装在最上端的起升杆端部,最下端两个起升杆中的一个通过起架支杆螺纹轴安装在滑动杆的凹槽内,另一个通过轴固定在桌面支架上。The diamond-shaped extension assembly is composed of multiple lifting rods and small shafts. The rollers are installed at the end of the uppermost lifting rod, and one of the two lowermost lifting rods is installed in the recess of the sliding rod through the threaded shaft of the lifting rod. In the groove, the other is fixed on the desktop support through the shaft.
还包括:分别固定在两个桌面支架上的两个连接板,所述两个桌面支架和两个连接板形成一个矩形凹槽,所述丝杠和第二电机均位于矩形凹槽内且第二手柄位于连接板外侧。It also includes: two connecting plates respectively fixed on the two desktop supports, the two desktop supports and the two connecting plates form a rectangular groove, the lead screw and the second motor are located in the rectangular groove and the first The two handles are located outside the connecting plate.
所述智能控制系统采用高性能的STM32单片机,自带液晶显示屏控制面板。The intelligent control system adopts a high-performance STM32 single-chip microcomputer with a liquid crystal display control panel.
所述桌面的倾斜角度的变化范围为0°~60°。The variation range of the inclination angle of the desktop is 0°-60°.
所述定位块固定在同一底座上的两个桌腿中的一个桌腿的内侧且靠近链条,所述链条的一节通过定位块固定在桌腿上。The positioning block is fixed on the inner side of one of the two table legs on the same base and close to the chain, and a section of the chain is fixed on the table leg through the positioning block.
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、升降机构,通过链条传动使课桌桌体沿固定点移动,实现课桌桌体整体升降以适应不同身高人群,操作简单方便,省时省力。1. The lifting mechanism moves the desk body along the fixed point through the chain transmission to realize the overall lifting of the desk body to suit people of different heights. The operation is simple and convenient, saving time and effort.
2、倾角变化机构,通过丝杠传动以及菱形伸展组件的伸展作用调节桌面的倾角变化,从而适应不同绘图视角,增添绘图舒适度,操作简便、使绘图过程更加高效、舒适、简单,节省人力和时间。2. The inclination change mechanism adjusts the inclination change of the desktop through the screw drive and the stretching effect of the diamond-shaped extension component, so as to adapt to different drawing angles of view, increase the comfort of drawing, easy to operate, make the drawing process more efficient, comfortable and simple, and save manpower and time.
3、新增水平工作台,有利于绘图工具及其他物品收集。3. A new horizontal workbench is added, which is conducive to the collection of drawing tools and other items.
4、桌面工具尺的添加使得绘图更加方便,精确度提升。4. The addition of the desktop tool ruler makes drawing more convenient and improves the accuracy.
5、课桌桌体升降距离、桌面倾斜角度可根据使用者需求手动控制完成,或者通过智能控制系统自动完成,真正实现了绘图课桌的手动自动一体化,体现了人性化、个性化,满足了不同使用者对桌面及整体课桌高度的要求。5. The lifting distance of the desk body and the inclination angle of the desktop can be controlled manually according to the user's needs, or can be completed automatically through the intelligent control system, which truly realizes the manual and automatic integration of the drawing desk, embodying humanization, personalization, and satisfaction It meets the requirements of different users for the height of the desktop and the overall desk.
6、本发明运用人机工程学原理,利用倾角变化机构、升降机构及智能控制系统实现课桌整体升降和桌面倾斜,绘图方便、稳定,提高了绘图质量,本发明解决了普通教室不能开设绘图课的问题,更为学习绘图学生的学生提供了良好的绘图设备,并且给绘图教学带来了极大方便。6. The present invention utilizes the principle of ergonomics, utilizes the inclination angle changing mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the intelligent control system to realize the overall lifting of the desk and the inclination of the desktop, the drawing is convenient and stable, and the drawing quality is improved. It provides good drawing equipment for students who study drawing, and brings great convenience to drawing teaching.
7、本发明性能好、效率高,易被学生所接受,使用者多,每年新增学习绘图课程的学生大约为40万人次,因此本发明具有非常广阔的应用市场和极高的推广价值。7. The present invention has good performance and high efficiency, is easily accepted by students, and has many users. The number of new students learning drawing courses is about 400,000 person-times every year. Therefore, the present invention has a very broad application market and extremely high promotion value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌的立体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk of the present invention.
图2为本发明的手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌的的主视图。Fig. 2 is the front view of the manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk of the present invention.
图3为图2所示手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌的左视图。Fig. 3 is a left view of the manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk shown in Fig. 2 .
图4为图2所示手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌的俯视图。Fig. 4 is a top view of the manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk shown in Fig. 2 .
图5为升降机构的立体结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism.
图6为桌腿的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a table leg.
图7为套板的结构示意图,其中,图7a为套板的主视图,图7b为图7a所示套板的左视图,图7c为图7a所示套板的俯视图。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the sleeve, wherein Fig. 7a is a front view of the sleeve, Fig. 7b is a left side view of the sleeve shown in Fig. 7a, and Fig. 7c is a top view of the sleeve shown in Fig. 7a.
图8为定位块的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning block.
图中:1、底座,2、桌腿,3、链轮,4、定位块,5、套板,6、第一加强板,7、第二加强板,8、链轮轴,9、垫圈,10、键,11、链条,12、长轴,13、长轴轴承,14、滑动棒,15、支架,16、蜗轮,17、蜗杆,18、第一手柄,19、第一电机,20、电机支板,21、底板,22、桌面支架,23、连接板,24、滑动杆,25、第二手柄,26、丝杠,27、第二电机,28、起架支杆螺纹轴,29、菱形伸展组件,30、滚轮,31、导轨,32、桌面,33、工作台,34、临时小棒,35、伸缩组件,36、工具尺,37、智能控制系统。In the figure: 1, base, 2, table leg, 3, sprocket wheel, 4, positioning block, 5, cover plate, 6, first reinforcing plate, 7, second reinforcing plate, 8, sprocket wheel shaft, 9, washer, 10, key, 11, chain, 12, long shaft, 13, long shaft bearing, 14, sliding rod, 15, support, 16, worm gear, 17, worm screw, 18, first handle, 19, first motor, 20, Motor support plate, 21, bottom plate, 22, desktop support, 23, connection plate, 24, sliding rod, 25, second handle, 26, leading screw, 27, second motor, 28, threaded shaft of the support rod, 29 , diamond-shaped extension assembly, 30, roller, 31, guide rail, 32, desktop, 33, workbench, 34, temporary stick, 35, telescopic assembly, 36, tool ruler, 37, intelligent control system.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示,本发明的手动自动一体化多功能绘图课桌,包括:两个底座1、四个桌腿2、支架15、底板21、两个桌面支架22、两个连接板23、桌面32、两个工作台33、临时小棒34、伸缩组件35、工具尺36、智能控制系统37、升降机构、倾角变化机构。As shown in Figure 1, the manual and automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk of the present invention includes: two bases 1, four table legs 2, a support 15, a bottom plate 21, two desktop supports 22, two connecting plates 23, Desktop 32, two workbenches 33, temporary stick 34, telescopic assembly 35, tool ruler 36, intelligent control system 37, lifting mechanism, inclination angle changing mechanism.
如图6所示,桌腿2为空心方管,一端带有固定安装孔,另一端带有U形槽。如图1所示,两个桌腿2安装在一个底座1上,另两个桌腿2安装在另一个底座1上,桌腿2的固定安装孔端伸入底座1的方形安装孔内并通过螺钉固定,同一个底座1上的两个桌腿2之间留有一定距离。如图5所示,支架15包括两个部分(图5中省略了其中一部分),两个部分均由三个空心方管顺次焊接而成,一部分的两端分别固定在两个套板5的上端一侧,另一部分的两端分别固定在两个套板5的上端另一侧。As shown in Figure 6, the table leg 2 is a hollow square tube with a fixed mounting hole at one end and a U-shaped groove at the other end. As shown in Figure 1, two table legs 2 are installed on a base 1, and the other two table legs 2 are installed on another base 1, and the fixed mounting hole ends of the table legs 2 extend into the square mounting holes of the base 1 and Fixing by screws leaves a certain distance between the two table legs 2 on the same base 1 . As shown in Figure 5, the bracket 15 includes two parts (wherein part is omitted in Figure 5), both parts are welded by three hollow square tubes in sequence, and the two ends of a part are respectively fixed on two sleeve plates 5 One side of the upper end of the other part, and the two ends of the other part are respectively fixed on the other side of the upper end of the two cover plates 5.
如图5所示,升降机构,包括电机支板20、第一电机19、第一手柄18、蜗杆17、蜗轮16、八个滑动棒14、两个长轴轴承13、长轴12、两个链条11、两个键10、两个垫圈9、两个链轮轴8、两个第二加强板7、两个第一加强板6、两个套板5、两个定位块4和两个链轮3。电机支板20两端安装在支架15上,蜗杆17一端固定有第一手柄18,另一端与第一电机19电连接,蜗杆17、第一手柄18和第一电机19整体固定在电机支板20上;蜗轮16与蜗杆17相互间啮合,蜗轮16套装在长轴12上;一个套板5套装在位于同一个底座1上的两个桌腿2上,如图7a、7b、7c所示,套板5的上端设置有安装长轴12的安装孔,下端两侧设置有突出的弧形结构,长轴12两端分别伸进两个套板5的上端安装孔内,长轴轴承13套装在长轴12两端并固定在套板5外侧(为了显示出升降机构,图1、图2、图5中省略了一个套板5),链轮3、链条11、第二加强板7、链轮轴8、垫圈9均位于同一个底座1上的两个桌腿2之间且位于套板5的内部,两个链轮3分别套装在长轴12两端,如图2所示,在链轮3与长轴12之间安装有键10,用于联结链轮3与长轴12,链条11上端套装在链轮3上,下端套装在链轮轴8上,链轮轴8的两端伸出套板5外侧,链轮轴8一端通过第一加强板6固定在套板5上,另一端通过螺钉固定在第二加强板7上并伸出套板5外侧,第一加强板6固定在套板5外侧,第二加强板7活动放置在套板5内侧且其两端与两个桌腿2的内侧滑动连接,在一个桌腿2的内侧靠近链条11的位置上设置有定位块4,如图8所示,定位块4上设置有安装孔,链条11其中的一节通过定位块4固定在桌腿2上,滑动棒14共有八个,在每个桌腿2的上下两端安装有两个滑动棒14,下端的滑动棒14安装在套板5的弧形结构内且与桌腿2的外侧为滑动连接关系,上端的滑动棒14安装在桌腿2的U形槽端且滑动棒14与套板5内侧为滑动连接关系。转动第一手柄18,蜗杆17带动蜗轮16转动,长轴12随之转动,通过长轴轴承13和链轮3的作用,链条11随长轴12转动,由于定位块4的作用,链条11向上移动,从而带动链轮轴8向上移动,链轮轴8与套板5为固定关系,因此,通过链轮轴8带动套板5随着滑动棒14沿着桌腿2外侧向上移动,从而实现课桌整体的升降。本发明可以根据使用者的身高来调整桌面32的高度,手动旋转第一手柄18或通过桌面32上的智能控制系统37使蜗杆17转动实现课桌整体升降。垫圈9安装在链轮轴8上且位于第二加强板7内侧,作用是:增加被联接件的支撑面积以减小接触处的压强和避免拧紧螺母。As shown in Figure 5, the lifting mechanism includes a motor support plate 20, a first motor 19, a first handle 18, a worm 17, a worm wheel 16, eight sliding rods 14, two long shaft bearings 13, a long shaft 12, two Chain 11, two keys 10, two washers 9, two sprocket shafts 8, two second reinforcement plates 7, two first reinforcement plates 6, two sleeve plates 5, two positioning blocks 4 and two chains round 3. The two ends of the motor support plate 20 are installed on the bracket 15, the first handle 18 is fixed at one end of the worm 17, and the other end is electrically connected with the first motor 19, the worm 17, the first handle 18 and the first motor 19 are integrally fixed on the motor support plate 20; the worm wheel 16 and the worm 17 are meshed with each other, and the worm wheel 16 is set on the long axis 12; a set plate 5 is set on the two table legs 2 on the same base 1, as shown in Figures 7a, 7b, and 7c , the upper end of the sleeve plate 5 is provided with a mounting hole for installing the long shaft 12, and the two sides of the lower end are provided with a protruding arc structure, and the two ends of the long shaft 12 respectively extend into the upper end mounting holes of the two sleeve plates 5, and the long shaft bearing 13 Set on both ends of the major axis 12 and fixed on the outside of the cover plate 5 (in order to show the lifting mechanism, a cover plate 5 is omitted in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 5), the sprocket 3, the chain 11, the second reinforcement plate 7 , the sprocket shaft 8, and the washer 9 are all located between the two table legs 2 on the same base 1 and inside the cover plate 5, and the two sprockets 3 are respectively set on the two ends of the major axis 12, as shown in Figure 2, A key 10 is installed between the sprocket 3 and the long shaft 12 for connecting the sprocket 3 and the long shaft 12, the upper end of the chain 11 is set on the sprocket 3, the lower end is set on the sprocket shaft 8, and the two ends of the sprocket shaft 8 Stretch out of the cover plate 5, one end of the sprocket shaft 8 is fixed on the cover plate 5 through the first reinforcement plate 6, the other end is fixed on the second reinforcement plate 7 by screws and extends outside the cover plate 5, the first reinforcement plate 6 is fixed On the outside of the cover plate 5, the second reinforcing plate 7 is movably placed on the inside of the cover plate 5 and its two ends are slidingly connected with the inner sides of the two table legs 2, and a positioning block is arranged on the inner side of one table leg 2 close to the chain 11 4. As shown in Figure 8, the positioning block 4 is provided with a mounting hole, and one section of the chain 11 is fixed on the table leg 2 through the positioning block 4. There are eight sliding rods 14 in total, and there are two upper and lower sides of each table leg 2. Two sliding rods 14 are installed at the end, the sliding rod 14 at the lower end is installed in the arc structure of the cover plate 5 and is in a sliding connection relationship with the outside of the table leg 2, and the sliding rod 14 at the upper end is installed in the U-shaped groove of the table leg 2 end and the sliding rod 14 is in a sliding connection relationship with the inner side of the cover plate 5. Rotate the first handle 18, the worm 17 drives the worm wheel 16 to rotate, and the long shaft 12 rotates accordingly. Through the action of the long shaft bearing 13 and the sprocket 3, the chain 11 rotates with the long shaft 12. Due to the action of the positioning block 4, the chain 11 moves upward move, thereby driving the sprocket shaft 8 to move upwards, and the sprocket shaft 8 and the cover plate 5 are in a fixed relationship. Therefore, the sprocket shaft 8 drives the cover plate 5 to move upward along the outer side of the table leg 2 along with the sliding rod 14, thereby realizing the desk as a whole. up and down. The present invention can adjust the height of the desktop 32 according to the height of the user, manually rotate the first handle 18 or make the worm 17 rotate through the intelligent control system 37 on the desktop 32 to realize the overall lifting of the desk. The washer 9 is installed on the sprocket shaft 8 and is located inside the second reinforcing plate 7, and its function is to increase the supporting area of the connected parts to reduce the pressure at the contact point and avoid tightening the nuts.
如图1所示,底板21固定在由支架15上表面和套板5上端面形成的平面上,如图3所示,两个桌面支架22分别安装在底板21的两端且分别位于两个套板5的上端,桌面支架22内设置有滑动平面以及用于引导工作台33水平运动的方形孔,两个连接板23分别通过螺钉固定在两个桌面支架22上,由两个桌面支架22和两个连接板23形成一个矩形凹槽。桌面32的下表面边缘带有两个凸起结构,凸起结构通过转轴安装在桌面支架22的一端上,桌面32可以通过转轴的作用实现角度倾斜。As shown in Figure 1, the bottom plate 21 is fixed on the plane formed by the upper surface of the bracket 15 and the upper end surface of the cover plate 5. The upper end of cover plate 5, desktop bracket 22 is provided with sliding plane and is used to guide the square hole of workbench 33 horizontal movements, and two connecting plates 23 are fixed on two desktop brackets 22 by screws respectively, by two desktop brackets 22 and two connecting plates 23 form a rectangular groove. There are two protruding structures on the edge of the lower surface of the desktop 32, and the protruding structures are installed on one end of the desktop support 22 through the rotating shaft, and the desktop 32 can realize angular inclination through the effect of the rotating shaft.
如图1所示,倾角变化机构,包括滑动杆24、第二手柄25、丝杠26、第二电机27、两个起架支杆螺纹轴28、两个菱形伸展组件29、两个滚轮30和两个导轨31。丝杠26的一端安装有第二手柄25,另一端与第二电机27电连接,所述丝杠26和第二电机27均位于矩形凹槽内且第二手柄25位于连接板23外侧,滑动杆24与丝杠26为螺旋副连接关系,滑动杆24两端安装在桌面支架22的滑动平面内且在滑动平面内可做直线往复运动,两个导轨31安装在桌面32的下表面上。两个菱形伸展组件29分别安装在两个桌面支架22上,菱形伸展组件29由多个起升杆和小轴组成,最上端的起升杆端部安装有滚轮30,滚轮30同时安装在导轨31的滑槽内,最下端的两个起升杆中的一个通过起架支杆螺纹轴28安装在滑动杆24的凹槽内,另一个通过轴固定在桌面支架22上。转动第二手柄25,带动丝杠26转动,通过丝杠26与滑动杆24的螺旋传动使滑动杆24在桌面支架22的滑动槽内做直线往复运动,同时使与滑动杆24铰接的菱形伸展组件29的各组件相对转动,通过滚轮30在导轨31的滑槽内滑动从而使得桌面32在一定角度内发生变化。As shown in Figure 1, the inclination angle changing mechanism comprises a sliding rod 24, a second handle 25, a lead screw 26, a second motor 27, two threaded shafts 28 of the lifting rod, two diamond-shaped extension assemblies 29, and two rollers 30 And two rails 31. One end of leading screw 26 is equipped with second handle 25, and the other end is electrically connected with second motor 27, and described leading screw 26 and second motor 27 are all positioned in rectangular groove and second handle 25 is positioned at connecting plate 23 outsides, slides Bar 24 and leading screw 26 are helical pair connection relations, and slide bar 24 two ends are installed in the sliding plane of desktop support 22 and can do linear reciprocating motion in sliding plane, and two guide rails 31 are installed on the lower surface of desktop 32. The two diamond-shaped extension assemblies 29 are installed on the two desktop supports 22 respectively. The diamond-shaped extension assemblies 29 are composed of a plurality of lifting rods and small shafts. A roller 30 is installed at the end of the uppermost lifting rod, and the roller 30 is installed on the guide rail 31 at the same time. In the chute, one of the two lifting rods at the lowermost end is installed in the groove of the sliding rod 24 by the lifting rod threaded shaft 28, and the other is fixed on the desktop support 22 by the shaft. Rotate the second handle 25 to drive the lead screw 26 to rotate. Through the screw transmission of the lead screw 26 and the slide rod 24, the slide rod 24 makes a linear reciprocating motion in the slide groove of the desktop bracket 22, and at the same time, the rhombus hinged with the slide rod 24 is stretched. Each component of the component 29 rotates relative to each other, and the desktop 32 changes within a certain angle through the sliding of the roller 30 in the chute of the guide rail 31 .
桌面32的倾斜角度的变化范围为0°~60°,作为设计学科,作图有几种方式,所以倾斜角度的有无和大小是很有必要的,实际当桌面32倾斜12°和24°时,使用者的姿势较自然躯干的移动幅度小,与水平作业面相对,疲劳不适感会减小,绘图桌桌面32一般是倾斜的,如果桌面32水平或太低,因头部倾角不能超过30°,使用者就必须身体前屈。为了适应不同的使用者,桌面32应设计成可调式,倾斜角度为0°~60°,增加了桌面32的稳定性,在使用者的最佳视角区类,减少人眼过度使用过度疲劳。The variation range of the inclination angle of the desktop 32 is 0°~60°. As a design discipline, there are several ways of drawing, so the existence and size of the inclination angle are very necessary. Actually, when the desktop 32 is inclined at 12° and 24° At this time, the posture of the user is smaller than the movement range of the natural trunk, and the feeling of fatigue and discomfort will be reduced relative to the horizontal work surface. The desktop 32 of the drawing table is generally inclined. 30°, the user must bend forward. In order to adapt to different users, the desktop 32 should be designed to be adjustable, with an inclination angle of 0° to 60°, which increases the stability of the desktop 32 and is in the best viewing area of the user, reducing excessive fatigue of the human eye.
如图1所示,两个工作台33分别固定在伸缩组件35两端,并且这两个工作台33分别位于两个桌面支架22的方形孔内,工作台33可从方形孔内抽出,伸缩组件35由多个相同的连接杆和连接轴组成,且伸缩组件35的中间通过临时小棒34固定在底板21上,当桌面32的倾斜角度发生变化时,通过伸缩组件35和临时小棒34的作用使工作台33仍保持水平,可以放置绘图工具、水杯等,利于物品的整理收集,提升了绘图效率。As shown in Figure 1, two workbenches 33 are respectively fixed on the two ends of the telescopic assembly 35, and these two workbenches 33 are respectively located in the square holes of the two desktop brackets 22, and the workbenches 33 can be drawn out from the square holes to expand and contract. Assembly 35 is made up of a plurality of identical connecting rods and connecting shafts, and the middle of telescopic assembly 35 is fixed on the bottom plate 21 by temporary small stick 34, when the inclination angle of desktop 32 changes, through telescopic assembly 35 and temporary small The effect of the working table 33 is still kept horizontal, and drawing tools, water cups, etc. can be placed, which is beneficial to the arrangement and collection of articles and improves the drawing efficiency.
如图4所示,工具尺36和智能控制系统37均安装在桌面32的上表面上,桌面32四周有3mm沟槽,沟槽可与工具尺36一端凸起部分配合在沟槽内滑动、工具尺36使得绘图效率更高,绘图更精度,实现丁字尺的功能,使得绘图更加精确,极大地提升了绘图效率。As shown in Figure 4, the tool ruler 36 and the intelligent control system 37 are all installed on the upper surface of the desktop 32, and there is a 3mm groove around the desktop 32, and the groove can cooperate with the protruding part of the tool ruler 36 to slide in the groove, The tool ruler 36 makes the drawing more efficient and more precise, realizes the function of the T-square, makes the drawing more accurate, and greatly improves the drawing efficiency.
如图4所示,智能控制系统37分别与第一电机19和第二电机27电连接,通过智能控制系统37发出特定不同时间长短电脉冲信号控制第一电机19和第二电机27的转角和正反转,同时带动蜗杆17和丝杠26转动,实现课桌整体升降和桌面32的倾斜变化。智能控制系统37采用高性能的STM32单片机,自带液晶显示屏控制面板,同时拥有“记忆功能”,可在第一次使用后记住该学号对应所需桌体高度及桌面倾角,在单片机内部完成电脉冲信号各项参数的计算,从而进行智能调节,使得对桌体高度、桌面倾角的调节更加同时精准,使用时更省力。As shown in Figure 4, the intelligent control system 37 is electrically connected with the first motor 19 and the second motor 27 respectively, and the rotation angle and the rotation angle of the first motor 19 and the second motor 27 are controlled by the intelligent control system 37 sending specific different time length electric pulse signals. Reversing, simultaneously drives worm screw 17 and leading screw 26 to rotate, realizes the overall lifting of desk and the inclination change of desktop 32. The intelligent control system 37 adopts a high-performance STM32 single-chip microcomputer, comes with an LCD control panel, and has a "memory function", which can remember the student number corresponding to the required table height and desktop inclination after the first use. The calculation of various parameters of the electric pulse signal is completed internally, so as to carry out intelligent adjustment, which makes the adjustment of the height of the table body and the inclination of the table top more accurate and more labor-saving during use.
本实施方式中,桌腿2采用45#钢制成。In this embodiment, the table legs 2 are made of 45# steel.
本实施方式中,第一电机19和第二电机27分别采用57BYGH803型步进电机和86型步进电机。57BYGH803型步进电机的额定功率为10~50W,额定电流为1.5A,额定电压为12~48V,额定转矩为1.4NM,最大转速为1000rpm。86型步进电机额定功率为90W,额定电流为1.0~4.2A,额定电压为4~50V,静转距12.0NM,最大转速为1000rpm。In this embodiment, the first motor 19 and the second motor 27 are 57BYGH803 stepping motors and 86 stepping motors respectively. The rated power of the 57BYGH803 stepper motor is 10-50W, the rated current is 1.5A, the rated voltage is 12-48V, the rated torque is 1.4NM, and the maximum speed is 1000rpm. The rated power of the 86-type stepping motor is 90W, the rated current is 1.0-4.2A, the rated voltage is 4-50V, the static torque is 12.0NM, and the maximum speed is 1000rpm.
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| CN104957886B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-08-17 | 余清海 | A kind of adjustable multifunctional Writing and drawing desk |
| CN105686346B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2018-01-23 | 杭州蓝达工艺制品有限公司 | A kind of double dynamical lifting desk surface |
| CN105768647A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 朱景超 | Anti-pinch bracket assembly of learning desk and chair capable of preventing myopia and humpback |
| CN108926125B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2021-06-29 | 陈杰 | A practical desk for students |
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| CN112220204A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 南京睿艺文智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent multifunctional office table |
| CN112744008B (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-12-31 | 郑州科技学院 | University student's innovation entrepreneurship process guides and consulting service recorder |
| CN113558375B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-09-02 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | Fine arts oil painting easel |
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| CN202980996U (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-06-12 | 海宁市职业高级中学 | Multi-function desk for art design major teaching |
| CN203952937U (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-11-26 | 长春理工大学 | Manual-automatic integrated multifunctional drawing desk |
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| CN104367009A (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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