CN104354243A - System for cleaning and reusing polyester or plastic fragments and technology of system - Google Patents
System for cleaning and reusing polyester or plastic fragments and technology of system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104354243A CN104354243A CN201410710746.1A CN201410710746A CN104354243A CN 104354243 A CN104354243 A CN 104354243A CN 201410710746 A CN201410710746 A CN 201410710746A CN 104354243 A CN104354243 A CN 104354243A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for cleaning and reusing polyester or plastic fragments and a technology of the system. The system comprises a wet type smashing unit, a rubbing unit, a soaking unit, a rinsing unit and a dehydrating unit, and further comprises a flushing water recycling unit, a washing agent recycling unit, a soaking agent recycling unit and a rinsing agent recycling unit. Compared with the prior art, a cleaning technology combining breakthrough static soaking and flexible rubbing is adopted, so that residual glue on the surface of polyester or a plastic and pollution in capillary holes can be thoroughly removed, and the regenerated polyester or plastic cleaning degree is greatly increased. Electric energy, heat energy and water energy can be greatly saved; furthermore, a washing liquid used by the whole system is subjected to high and low-concentration flow division; a high-concentration washing liquid can meet a zero-emission condition through a respective recycling unit, and a low-concentration washing liquid can be subjected to separation, clarification and circulating use through a respective recycling unit; therefore, the concentration of discharged water can be reduced, and effects of reducing emission and alleviating pollution are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polyester or plastic bottle recovery process and system thereof, especially relate to system and the technique thereof of a kind of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling.
Background technology
Along with the surge of population in the world, the consumption figure of various polyester or plastic bottle also greatly increases.This is wherein due to the stable chemical nature, excellent of polyester, and physical index is good and cause the consumption figure of polyester in global range (PET) bottle to increase severely.In the face of waste and old polyester or the plastic bottle of sharp increase, recovery waste and old polyester or plastic bottle industry require the industrialization, scale and the mechanization that advance waste and old polyester or plastic bottle to reclaim urgently.Because the bottle forming bottle also has the material of bottle cap different from the label be pasted onto on body---bottle is polyester or plastics normally, bottle cap is HDPE, label is then adopt the material such as PVC, PE, PP or paper to make, so cause the increasing of the difficulty in recycling process.
The cleaning of recycling polyester bottles or other plastics is the wash characteristics belonging to " crust ", and the polarity that is combined with between pollutant and crust attaches, and sticks together and attaches, the several types such as pore infiltration and plated film attachment.Because the characteristic of product and material, the more unmanageable form of poluttants of Pillar recovery bottle mostly occurs and permeates two kinds with pore sticking together to attach.
Stick together and attach use glue the remaining on polyester material surface that multilist labels glutinous formula now, in business practice, the kind of label glue can reach tens kinds, and therefore the removal efficiency of all kinds of glue kind is widely different.Cull retains in polyester regenerative raw materials in the process of subsequent applications, the comparatively leading cracking of polyester of most colloid, produces complicated chemical composition, not only upsets the production efficiency of following process, and have a strong impact on the quality of polyester subsequent product.At the recycled polyester of high quality applications scope, the quality demarcation that its cull retains is located between 5 ~ 15ppm.
Pore infiltration attaches and more intuitively discovers, surface capillary hole careful small be the characteristic of polyester material, this is also same material terylene scrim easy dyeing characteristic not easy to fade.In the occasion of PET bottle recovery recycling, the main source of pore osmosis pollution is that liquid packaged by polyester bottles produces.If the component containing subset in packing liquid, all can infiltrate surface of polyester pore after being installed in a period of time.Affect the factor of recycled polyester chip mass, be not only to infiltrate total amount number, be especially to infiltrate the kind of material.Polymer is that in the material that possible infiltrate polyester pore, the most difficult removal also affects most recycled polyester quality.The representational product of most is exactly edible oil, and the recycling of edible oil polyester bottles cannot become the raw material of high additive value product all the time, can only be applied at most in the thicker common short fiber of low order.Moreover in recent years, the downstream application of recycled polyester oneself be generalized to extreme bottle to bottle (Bottle to Bottle-is reduced to food grade polyester bottles with the regenerative polyester bottle material) stage, recycled polyester quality required in this field has been not the impurity content that naked eyes can be differentiated, the more important thing is the harmful substance focusing on and may infiltrate in surface of polyester pore.
Under the background of above-mentioned two existing difficult problems, even domestic external existing correlation technique all cannot with comprehensively, effectively and meet environmental protection, the method for economic principle reaches the object of dealing with problems.Below sketch art methods:
1. with the mechanical force of high strength friction surface of polyester, the means on worn material top layer are utilized to reach the object removed and pollute and stick, removal for cull can reach the effect of certain degree, but polyester bottle slice the flat surface of irregularity, so still have dead angle to remove, to pore cleaning also without effect.And the consume of this mode to power, rapidoprint and frame for movement wears down greatly.
2. wash with the method for high-temperature boiling, under high temperature (lower than water boiling point 100 DEG C) condition, part cull (hot melt glue) has ruckbildung and is easy to depart from, but also not all cull is all suitable for this principle, and this method does not also help pore cleaning.The heat energy that the mode demand of high-temperature boiling is a large amount of, because of the characteristic of technique, heat energy not easily recycles, and causes very large waste.
3., with Organic chemical solvents washing, this is the method the most easily causing work peace accident and environmental pollution, and may need preparation 2 ~ 3 kinds of different solvents for different culls, process conditions relative complex.Already present pore is polluted to the possibility having removing, but solvent itself cause secondary pollution again, and not easily to remove.
4. comprehensive said method merges use, only has the factor of more magnifies shortcomings, still cannot reach the effect of demand.
In this process about the energy consumption how reduced in cleaning process also always by being paid close attention to both at home and abroad, also emerged a collection of patent document targetedly both at home and abroad now.
Chinese patent CN1765602A discloses a kind of plastic bottle recovery system, comprises one and unpacks and wash unit, and a PVC label strikes off unit, connect this unpack and wash unit, a pulverizing unit, connect this PVC label and strike off unit, and hydrophily Jie Gravity Separation unit, connect this pulverizing unit.System architecture disclosed in this patent is simple, convenient operation, but is not give prominence to especially for the cleaning performance of the more obstinate polyester of some pollutants or plastic bottle, awaits improving further the cleaning effect of polyester or plastic bottle.
Chinese patent CN101306560A discloses a kind of PET returnable bottle sheet high cleanliness cleaning treatment system, comprises the first prewashing device, the first milling device, pneumatic separation device, device for vibration screening, cleaning device, rinsing device, output device, rinsing water processing subsystem; Described first prewashing device, the first milling device, pneumatic separation device, device for vibration screening, cleaning device, rinsing device, output device are connected successively; Described rinsing water processing subsystem reclaims the washings of rinsing device; After filtration purification after send back to described first prewashing device, rinsing device, cleaning device one of them or two or three, re-use.The cleaning performance of this treatment system needs further raising equally, and its cleaning performance for the intractable pollutant on polyester or plastic flakes is more weak, meanwhile, in cleaning process, more to chemical dose, machine power, heat energy, water content consumption.
Chinese patent CN 103640110A discloses a kind of PET bottle sheet cleaning energy saving circulating system, comprises according to opening of setting gradually before and after production line that packaging is put, precleaning unit, the heavy packing device of de-device for mark, automatic sorting device, artificial separation device, breaker, hot washing device, neutralising arrangement, rinsing device, spin-drying device, drying unit, mixing arrangement and meter.This system is also rely on compulsory mechanical friction power and a large amount of heat energy to boil etc. and clean, and in fact cleaning performance is not fine.Relative, the electricity consumed, heat, water can be all large, and the improper consume of machinery and material also increases.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly provide that a kind of cleaning performance is good to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, the system of the polyester of energy-conserving and environment-protective or plastic flakes cleaning recycling and technique thereof.
First aspect present invention provides the system of a kind of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling.
The system of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling comprises with lower unit:
One, case of wet attrition unit
For to tentatively sieving the polyester that picks or plastic bottle body carries out case of wet attrition, obtain polyester or plastic flakes.
First, the Pillar recovery that tentatively sieves and pick or plastic bottle (heterochromatic polyester bottles, foreign peoples's material screen out, PVC label remove after) will be completed by belt conveyor, with stable speed feeding wet crushing mill, utilize the cutting power of pulverizer, the polyester of large volume or plastic bottle body are changed the polyester into about 10 ~ 25mm or plastic flakes, to reach the object subtracting appearance.Case of wet attrition utilizes water to inject the pulverizing of pulverizing in cabin and carrying out polyester or plastic bottle, this to process recycled polyester or plastics advantageous particularly, one, the thermal stress that can cool and cut friction and produce is cut in water filling, and the working durability of cutter is extended; Its two, can generating portion remove surface contamination, aid in later washing function.Complete the polyester after cutting or plastic flakes to export via the conveying worm be placed at the bottom of pulverizer and the conveying worm that rises that is connected mutually, two screw conveyor housing suitable positions arrange mesh, can in course of conveying drop except moisture content and fine particles impurity.
Two, rub and wash unit
For carrying out rubbing process to polyester or plastic flakes, clean the major pollutants on polyester or plastic bottle sheet.
Rub and wash unit employing with rubbing the developing machine washing function, be preferably selected from the developing machine as Chinese patent ZL200710105786.3 announces.And above developing machine, connect washing agent add liquid bath.
Polyester after dehydration or plastic flakes are crumpled in developing machine, the mode of rubbing is that between polyester or plastic flakes and polyester or plastic flakes, flexibility each other rubs, the friction frequency that the polyester of similar hydrodynamic or plastic flakes group produce each other, the hundreds of times of positive mechanical to traditional type rub, and viscose obstinate faced by this rubbing mode also can be removed easily.Moreover no matter the frame for movement of developing machine or polyester or plastic flakes all there will not be and force friction stir and produce loss, and the demand of power also significantly reduces.And process of developing a film only needs to add liquid bath by washing agent injects cleaning solution on a small quantity, so water consumption and sewage discharge also can significantly reduce.Part demand heat washes the mode of washing of condition, can in developing machine local heat among a small circle because compact in the range set of heating, so heat utilization rate is very high.There is the occasion of steam supply, directly can adopt Steam Heating in a small amount.Without the occasion of steam supply, the mode of electric heating can be adopted to heat.
Three, unit is embathed
For to rubbing the polyester after washing or plastic flakes embathes process, the trace contaminant on cleaning polyester or plastic flakes.
The described unit that embathes adopts conventional soaker, and because polyester or plastic flakes have imperceptible surface capillary hole, once pollutant invades in pore, general mode of washing is difficult to thoroughly clean up, and especially oil bottle sheet is difficult especially.Also have some polyester or plastic bottle to use chemical synthesis glue as label gum, this is also that general mode of washing is difficult to remove.This unit provides fragment and embathes liquid and have the enough static reaction time (about 10 ~ 50 minutes), allows embathe liquid and play a role.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, in system, every bar production line can configure plural soaker, intersects and operates, and maintains quantity-produced state.The object of embathing is the pollutant for trace on fine purifiation bottle sheet, and relative, the consumption of lotion is very little, uses rear pollutant levels to promote, use once again after can utilizing the peace and quiet circulatory system process of lotion if re-covered.
Four, rinse unit
Be separated with proportion for carrying out rinsing to the polyester after embathing or plastic flakes, lightweight thing polyethylene or polypropylene are separated with heavy thing polyester chips.
Described rinse unit adopts conventional rinsing separating tank can realize function of the present invention.As polyester or floatation tank for plastic sheet recovery that a kind of preferred embodiment is selection Chinese patent ZL200520029406.9 announcement, rinsing separating tank connects purificant and adds liquid bath.
Polyester or plastic flakes, after dehydration removal lotion is residual, enters rinsing separating tank, carry out rinsing and be separated with proportion in groove.Lightweight thing after separation is polyethylene or polypropylene, and heavy thing is polyester chips, all has conveying equipment automatically to take cell body out of.Add liquid bath filling rinsing accelerator by purificant, use the rinsing accelerator of trace to improve rinse efficiency, reduce rinsing water, the lotion reducing polyester sheet surface remains, and makes follow-up dehydration more rapid.
Five, dewatering unit
Be separately positioned on case of wet attrition unit, rub the exit washed unit, embathe unit and rinse unit, in order to the polyester after each cell processing or plastic flakes processed.
Dewatering unit adopts Horizontal centrifugal dehydrator, possesses following characteristics: one, dewatering efficiency high (under the output of specification, unit can reach 0.8 ~ 1.6 moisture content); Two, enough blast kinetic energy has been provided in outlet for oneself, does not need additional configuration power conveying equipment through conveyance conduit and cyclone trap in suitable distance.
Each possess the unit of washing object after dewatering unit is set, its object is being avoided between different washing functions, because of the liquid generation cross pollution entrained by polyester or plastic flakes or the hidden danger of diluting each other.And centrifugal dehydrator has the function removing microdebris, contributes to the purification of polyester or plastic flakes.
Six, packaging unit
For carrying out packaging process the polyester after completing rinsing and dehydration or plastic flakes.
All super cleaning processes have been completed through the polyester of last one dehydration procedure or plastic flakes, because dewaterer outlet has possessed enough blast and air quantity, under the condition of suitable Distance geometry height, can directly by polyester or plastic flakes through conveyance conduit, send in packaging storage tank.Packaging storage tank is cylindric, and in coniform bottom cylinder, circular cone taper end is discharging opening, and discharging opening arranges gate valve and controls discharging, instant packed operation.Also automatic quantitative packing equipment can be connected below discharging opening, to reach the demand of quantitative package.
Can realize that cleaning performance is good by said units structure, the polyester of energy-conserving and environment-protective or plastic flakes cleaning recycling flow process.In order to the various lotion used in said system or reclaim with water, also can arrange with lower unit on said system basis.
Seven, flushing water recovery unit
Flushing water recovery unit is connected with case of wet attrition unit and the dewatering unit be arranged on after case of wet attrition unit, to case of wet attrition unit and be arranged on after liquid that dewatering unit after case of wet attrition unit discharges carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, process after insoluble matter and fluid separation applications separately respectively.
Through the object that its source of polluting of flushing water that wet crushing mill is discharged is polyester or frosting attachment, flushing water is the tool function of really washing not, and the time relative brevity of contact, so most pollutant is non-solubility.
Flushing water is first through solid-liquid separating machine after collecting, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out next stage recycling or with general solid waste process, liquid fraction liquid fraction then via supercentrifuge by trickle indissolubility separating substances.Again isolated solids discharge after with general solid waste process, the liquid after separation then discharges system by follow-up sewage disposal system process with the sewage of low concentration.
Eight, washing agent recovery unit:
Described washing agent recovery unit is rubbed the dewatering unit washing unit rear and is connected with being arranged on, comprise solid-liquid separating machine, delivery pump, cryogenic vacuum evaporimeter and condenser, after the liquid Separation of Solid and Liquid that dewatering unit is discharged, liquid moisture is first evaporated to steam, is then condensed into distilled water within the condenser for system water.
To wash consumption in unit minimum rubbing for cleaning solution, be similar to dry-cleaning state, but its relative concentration is higher.After most cleaning solution completes washing work, via being connected the dewaterer discharge of rubbing and washing unit.The liquid of discharging contains the contamination debris of washing out, needs first through solid-liquid separating machine, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage, liquid fraction then pumps in cryogenic vacuum evaporimeter, lower heat energy is utilized to be steam by water evaporates, steam is condensed into distilled water for system water in follow-up condenser, with general solid waste process after solids discharge residual a small amount of in evaporimeter.Native system, for the application of the cleaning solution of high concentration, first creates the condition (mode of washing is rubbed in employing can remove most pollutant) of minimizing, more stage by stage carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, finally reach the standard of zero-emission.
Nine, bathing preparation recovery unit.
Described bathing preparation recovery unit is connected with embathing unit and be arranged on the dewatering unit embathed after unit, and after embathing unit dewatering unit Separation of Solid and Liquid below, is partly refluxed to by liquid and embathes in unit.
Embathe the large usage quantity that liquid is relative in systems in which, its concentration is mainly manifested in the chemical substance of embathing liquid itself, and it is relatively little to embathe reacted pollutant levels, so embathing the means that liquid process takes is that quiet process Posterior circle uses, does not discharge equally.
The liquid that embathes in soaker does not discharge cell body, completes and embathes after operation discharges, continue embathing of lower one charging until the polyester in groove or plastic flakes.The polyester of discharging or plastic flakes carry and embathe liquid on a small quantity, discharge via being connected the dewaterer embathing unit.Still containing a small amount of chip in the liquid of discharging, through solid-liquid separating machine, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage, liquid fraction then via supercentrifuge by the colloid substances reflected in the process of embathing (pollutant and the material embathing liquid effective ingredient and be combined, in non-solubility state of matter) with embathe liquid and be separated, with general solid waste process after a small amount of solids discharge, embathe liquid then in reducing condition, reach the object of embathing liquid quietness.
The liquid that embathes after reduction is recovered to and embathes liquid surge-tank, and surge-tank possesses multiple function: reclaim and embathe liquid after reduction; Supplement the consumption of soaker; Liquid is embathed in preparation; Add bathing preparation maintenance and embathe liquid concentration; The quietness circulation that supercentrifuge embathes liquid by the gross can be connected between the refreshment period.
Ten, purificant recovery unit
Described purificant recovery unit is connected with rinse unit, the dewatering unit being arranged on rinse unit rear and case of wet attrition unit simultaneously, to rinse unit and be arranged on rinse unit rear dewatering unit exudate collect after carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, solid collection, liquid backflow is to case of wet attrition unit.
The source of washings is the water purification of system supply and the distilled water that reclaims in a small amount, carry out the polyester of rinsing or plastic flakes chemical residue amount after dehydration procedure very low, so it is also relative low to be dissolved in polluter in washings.There is the dewaterer of rinsing separating tank and follow-up linking in the source of rinsing draining, again through solid-liquid separating machine after collection, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage, and liquid fraction then supplies wet crushing mill foremost as wash water.
A second aspect of the present invention provides the technique of a kind of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling.
The technique of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling comprises the following steps:
(1) case of wet attrition: to tentatively sieving the polyester that picks or plastic bottle body carries out case of wet attrition, obtains size at the polyester of 10 ~ 25mm or plastic flakes, and carries out processed;
(2) rub and wash process: rubbing process is carried out to polyester or plastic flakes, clean the major pollutants on polyester or plastic bottle sheet, rub and wash in process, add washing agent, and the usage ratio keeping washing agent/polyester or plastic flakes is 80 ~ 150ml/kg, polyester or plastic flakes are rubbing 10 ~ 20 minutes holdup times in the machine of washing.Rubbing the machine of washing is that constant speed drive is about 45rpm., adopts continuous feeding and discharging, in design, allows fragment to do the delay of long period.Can with reference to Chinese patent ZL200710105786.3 related content.Rub the temperature of washing: 20 ~ 60 DEG C, oil bottle polyester sheet need heating, other materials depending on the characteristic of pollutant, rub wash rear to polyester or plastic flakes processed;
(3) process is embathed: to rubbing the polyester after washing or plastic flakes embathes process, clean the trace contaminant on polyester or plastic flakes, embathe in process, bathing preparation is added to embathing in unit, and keep the amount of the complete submergence fragment of bathing preparation energy, polyester or plastic polyester or plastics leave standstill 10 ~ 50 minutes in bathing preparation, embathe rear to polyester or plastic flakes processed;
(4) rinsing process: rinsing is carried out to the polyester after embathing or plastic flakes and is separated with proportion, during rinsing process, add purificant, and the usage ratio keeping purificant/washings is 0.5 ~ 2.5ml/l, the method of rinsing is continous way, polyester and plastic flakes rinse cycle about 8 ~ 15 minutes, and keep the usage ratio of washings/polyester and plastic flakes to be 1.5 ~ 3/1 (can with reference to Chinese patent ZL200520029406.9), lightweight thing after separation is polyethylene or polypropylene, heavy thing is polyester chips, polyester chips is after processed, packed by packaging unit.
The technique of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling also comprises Separation of Solid and Liquid and the liquids recovery technique of washing process to rubbing, embathing exudate in process and rinsing processing procedure.
System of the present invention or technique are particularly useful for the recycling of polyester chips.
Due to existing polyester or plastic bottle sheet cleaning technology, that dependence compulsory mechanical friction power blindly and a large amount of heat energy to boil etc. and cleans mostly, in fact cleaning performance is not fine, but the electricity consumed, heat, water can be all very large, the improper consume also corresponding increase of machinery and material simultaneously.Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts breakthrough static state dipping and flexiblely crumples the cleaning combined, and can remove the pollution in polyester or frosting cull and pore thoroughly, the polyester after regeneration process or plastic cleaning degree are improved greatly.Also because have employed case of wet attrition, rub and wash process, embathe process and the treatment process that combines of rinsing process, therefore breakthrough saving is also had to the demand of electricity, heat, water energy.The washing lotion used total system in addition does height, concentration shunting, and high concentration washing lotion (comprising washing agent and bathing preparation) reaches the condition of zero-emission through respective recovery unit; Low concentration washing lotion (comprising flushing water and washings) is also through respective recovery unit, carry out separation quietness, recycle, the concentration of discharge water is down to lower (COD > 800ppm < 200ppm), reaches to reduce discharging and fall dirty effect.
Adopt system of the present invention or technique to carry out polyester or plastic flakes cleaning with when reclaiming, traditional polyester or plastic flakes are much better than to chemical dose, machine power, heat energy, water consumption and the demand of time and develop a film mode.Specifically, system of the present invention or technique is adopted to carry out polyester or plastic flakes cleaning and reclaim, with comparing in table 1 of industry average level.
Table 1 processes raw material per ton, adopts the unit consumption comparison sheet of Different treatments
| System of the present invention or technique | Industry average level | Save ratio | |
| Power unit consumption | 180～200kw | 450～500kw | 60％ |
| Heat unit consumption | About 450000kcal | About 750000kcal | 40％ |
| Water yield unit consumption | 2～2.5M 3 | 4～6M 3 | 55％ |
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of polyester of the present invention or plastic flakes cleaning recycling;
Fig. 2 is that polyester oil bottle pulverizes the change of cleaning line mass and resource requirement figure;
Fig. 3 is that the resource of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling in embodiment 2 consumes comparison diagram;
Fig. 4 is cleaning process flow figure in embodiment 3;
Fig. 5 is cleaning process flow figure in embodiment 4;
Fig. 6 is cleaning process flow figure in embodiment 5;
Fig. 7 is cleaning process flow figure in embodiment 6.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides the system of a kind of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling.Structure as shown in Figure 1.Comprise with lower unit:
One, case of wet attrition unit: for tentatively sieving the polyester that picks or plastic bottle body carries out case of wet attrition, obtain polyester or plastic flakes.
First, (remove beyond the label on polyester or plastic bottle closure and bottle by belt conveyor 1 by completing the Pillar recovery that tentatively sieves and pick or plastic bottle, the heavier substances that proportion is higher than water), with stable speed feeding wet crushing mill 2, utilize the cutting power of pulverizer, the polyester of large volume or plastic bottle body are changed the polyester into about 10 ~ 25mm or plastic flakes, to reach the object subtracting appearance.Case of wet attrition utilizes water to inject the pulverizing of pulverizing in cabin and carrying out polyester or plastic bottle, this to process recycled polyester or plastics advantageous particularly, one, the thermal stress that can cool and cut friction and produce is cut in water filling, and the working durability of cutter is extended; Its two, can generating portion remove surface contamination, aid in later washing function.Complete the polyester after cutting or plastic flakes to export via the conveying worm be placed at the bottom of pulverizer and the conveying worm that rises that is connected mutually, two screw conveyor housing suitable positions arrange mesh, can in course of conveying drop except moisture content and fine particles impurity.
Two, rub and wash unit: for carrying out rubbing process to polyester or plastic flakes, the major pollutants on cleaning polyester or plastic bottle sheet.
Rub and wash unit employing with rubbing the developing machine 3 washing function, in the present embodiment, be selected from the developing machine that Chinese patent ZL200710105786.3 announces.And above developing machine 3, connect washing agent add liquid bath 10.
Polyester after dehydration or plastic flakes are crumpled in developing machine, the mode of rubbing is that between polyester or plastic flakes and polyester or plastic flakes, flexibility each other rubs, the friction frequency that the polyester of similar hydrodynamic or plastic flakes group produce each other, the hundreds of times of positive mechanical to traditional type rub, and viscose obstinate faced by this rubbing mode also can be removed easily.Moreover no matter the frame for movement of developing machine or polyester or plastic flakes all there will not be and force friction stir and produce loss, and the demand of power also significantly reduces.And process of developing a film only needs to add liquid bath by washing agent injects cleaning solution on a small quantity, so water consumption and sewage discharge also can significantly reduce.Part demand heat washes the mode of washing of condition, can in developing machine local heat among a small circle because compact in the range set of heating, so heat utilization rate is very high.There is the occasion of steam supply, directly can adopt Steam Heating in a small amount.Without the occasion of steam supply, the mode of electric heating can be adopted to heat.
Three, unit is embathed
For to rubbing the polyester after washing or plastic flakes embathes process, the trace contaminant on cleaning polyester or plastic flakes.
Embathe unit and adopt conventional soaker 4, because polyester or plastic flakes have imperceptible surface capillary hole, once pollutant invades in pore, general mode of washing is difficult to thoroughly clean up, and especially oil bottle sheet is difficult especially.Also have some polyester or plastic bottle to use chemical synthesis glue as label gum, this is also that general mode of washing is difficult to remove.This unit provides bottle sheet and embathes liquid and have the enough static reaction time (about 10 ~ 50 minutes), allows embathe liquid and play a role.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, in system, every bar production line can configure plural soaker, intersects and operates, and maintains quantity-produced state.The object of embathing is the pollutant for trace on fine purifiation bottle sheet, and relative, the consumption of lotion is very little, uses rear pollutant levels to promote, use once again after can utilizing the peace and quiet circulatory system process of lotion if re-covered.
Four, rinse unit
Be separated with proportion, by lightweight thing PE or PP and heavy thing PET chip separation for carrying out rinsing to the polyester after embathing or plastic flakes.
Rinse unit adopts conventional rinsing separating tank 5 can realize function of the present invention.The polyester that the present embodiment selects Chinese patent ZL200520029406.9 to announce or floatation tank for plastic sheet recovery, rinsing separating tank 5 connects purificant and adds liquid bath 10.
Polyester or plastic flakes, after dehydration removal lotion is residual, enters rinsing separating tank, carry out rinsing and be separated with proportion in groove.Lightweight thing after separation is PE or PP, and heavy thing is PET fragment, all has conveying equipment automatically to take cell body out of.Add liquid bath filling rinsing accelerator by purificant, use the rinsing accelerator of trace to improve rinse efficiency, reduce rinsing water, reduction polyester or plastic sheet lotion remain, and make follow-up dehydration more rapid.
Five, dewatering unit
Be separately positioned on case of wet attrition unit, rub the exit washed unit, embathe unit and rinse unit, in order to indulge in or plastic flakes processed to poly-after each cell processing.
Dewatering unit adopts Horizontal centrifugal dehydrator 6, possesses following characteristics: one, dewatering efficiency high (under the output of specification, unit can reach 0.8 ~ 1.6 moisture content); Two, enough blast kinetic energy has been provided in outlet for oneself, does not need additional configuration power conveying equipment through conveyance conduit and cyclone trap 9 in suitable distance.
Each possess the unit of washing object after dewatering unit is set, its object is being avoided between different washing functions, because of the liquid generation cross pollution entrained by polyester or plastic flakes or the hidden danger of diluting each other.And centrifugal dehydrator has the function removing microdebris, contributes to the purification of polyester or plastic flakes.
Six, packaging unit
For carrying out packaging process the polyester after completing rinsing and dehydration or plastic flakes.
All super cleaning processes have been completed through the polyester of last one dehydration procedure or plastic flakes, because dewaterer outlet has possessed enough blast and air quantity, under the condition of suitable Distance geometry height, can directly by polyester or plastic flakes through conveyance conduit, send in packaging storage tank 7.Packaging storage tank 7 is cylindric, and in coniform bottom cylinder, circular cone taper end is discharging opening, is connected automatic quantitative packing device 8 below discharging opening, to reach the demand of quantitative package.Also gate valve can be adopted to control discharging, instant packed operation at discharging opening.
Can realize that cleaning performance is good by said units structure, the polyester of energy-conserving and environment-protective or plastic flakes cleaning recycling flow process.In order to the various lotion used in said system or reclaim with water, also can arrange with lower unit on said system basis.
Seven, flushing water recovery unit
Flushing water recovery unit is connected with case of wet attrition unit and the dewatering unit be arranged on after case of wet attrition unit, to case of wet attrition unit and be arranged on after liquid that dewatering unit after case of wet attrition unit discharges carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, process after insoluble matter and fluid separation applications separately respectively.
Through the object that its source of polluting of flushing water that wet crushing mill is discharged is polyester or frosting attachment, flushing water is the tool function of really washing not, and the time relative brevity of contact, so most pollutant is non-solubility.
Flushing water is first through solid-liquid separating machine 11 after collecting, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage or with general solid waste process, liquid fraction liquid fraction then inputs in centrifugal separator 13 via delivery pump 12, and centrifugal separator 13 is by trickle indissolubility separating substances.Again isolated solids discharge after with general solid waste process, the liquid after separation then discharges system by follow-up sewage disposal system process with the sewage of low concentration.
Eight, washing agent recovery unit:
Washing agent recovery unit is rubbed the dewatering unit washing unit rear and is connected with being arranged on, comprise solid-liquid separating machine 11, delivery pump 12, cryogenic vacuum evaporimeter 15 and condenser 16, after the liquid Separation of Solid and Liquid that dewatering unit is discharged, liquid moisture is first evaporated to steam, is then condensed into distilled water within the condenser for system water.
To wash consumption in unit minimum rubbing for cleaning solution, be similar to dry-cleaning state, but its relative concentration is higher.After most cleaning solution completes washing work, via being connected the dewaterer discharge of rubbing and washing unit.The liquid of discharging contains the contamination debris of washing out, needs first through solid-liquid separating machine, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage, liquid fraction then pumps in cryogenic vacuum evaporimeter, lower heat energy is utilized to be steam by water evaporates, steam is condensed into distilled water for system water in follow-up condenser, with general solid waste process after solids discharge residual a small amount of in evaporimeter.Native system, for the application of the cleaning solution of high concentration, first creates the condition (mode of washing is rubbed in employing can remove most pollutant) of minimizing, more stage by stage carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, finally reach the standard of zero-emission.
Nine, bathing preparation recovery unit.
Bathing preparation recovery unit is connected with embathing unit and be arranged on the dewatering unit embathed after unit, and after embathing unit dewatering unit Separation of Solid and Liquid below, is partly refluxed to by liquid and embathes in unit.
Embathe the large usage quantity that liquid is relative in systems in which, its concentration is mainly manifested in the chemical substance of embathing liquid itself, and it is relatively little to embathe reacted pollutant levels, so embathing the means that liquid process takes is that quiet process Posterior circle uses, does not discharge equally.
The liquid that embathes in soaker does not discharge cell body, completes and embathes after operation discharges, continue embathing of lower one charging until the polyester in groove or plastic flakes.The polyester of discharging or plastic flakes carry and embathe liquid on a small quantity, discharge via being connected the dewaterer embathing unit.Still containing a small amount of chip in the liquid of discharging, through solid-liquid separating machine 11, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage, liquid fraction then via high-speed centrifuge 13 by the colloid substances reflected in the process of embathing (pollutant and the material embathing liquid effective ingredient and be combined, in non-solubility state of matter) with embathe liquid and be separated, with general solid waste process after a small amount of solids discharge, embathe liquid then in reducing condition, reach the object of embathing liquid quietness.
The liquid that embathes after reduction is recovered to and embathes liquid surge-tank 14, embathes liquid surge-tank 14 and possesses multiple function: reclaim and embathe liquid after reduction; Supplement the consumption of soaker; Liquid is embathed in preparation; Add bathing preparation maintenance and embathe liquid concentration; The quietness circulation that supercentrifuge embathes liquid by the gross can be connected between the refreshment period.
Ten, purificant recovery unit
Purificant recovery unit is connected with rinse unit, the dewatering unit being arranged on rinse unit rear and case of wet attrition unit simultaneously, to rinse unit and be arranged on rinse unit rear dewatering unit exudate collect after carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, solid collection, liquid backflow is to case of wet attrition unit.
The source of washings is the water purification of system supply and the distilled water that reclaims in a small amount, carry out the polyester of rinsing or plastic flakes chemical residue amount after dehydration procedure very low, so it is also relative low to be dissolved in polluter in washings.There is the dewaterer of rinsing separating tank and follow-up linking in the source of rinsing draining, again through solid-liquid separating machine after collection, by solid debris and fluid separation applications.Solid debris can carry out the recycling of next stage, and liquid fraction then supplies wet crushing mill foremost as wash water.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of technique adopting system described in embodiment 1 to carry out polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling.
The technique of polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling comprises the following steps:
(1) case of wet attrition: to tentatively sieving the polyester that picks or plastic bottle body carries out case of wet attrition, obtains size at the polyester of 10 ~ 25mm or plastic flakes, and carries out processed;
(2) rub and wash process: rubbing process is carried out to polyester or plastic flakes, clean the major pollutants on polyester or plastic bottle sheet, rub and wash in process, add washing agent, and the usage ratio keeping washing agent/polyester or plastic flakes is 80 ~ 150ml/kg, polyester or plastic flakes are rubbing 10 ~ 20 minutes holdup times in the machine of washing.Rubbing the machine of washing is that constant speed drive is about 45rpm., adopts continuous feeding and discharging, in design, allows fragment to do the delay of long period.Can with reference to Chinese patent ZL200710105786.3 related content.Rub the temperature of washing: 20 ~ 60 DEG C, oil bottle polyester sheet need heating, other materials depending on the characteristic of pollutant, rub wash rear to polyester or plastic flakes processed;
(3) process is embathed: to rubbing the polyester after washing or plastic flakes embathes process, clean the trace contaminant on polyester or plastic flakes, embathe in process, bathing preparation is added to embathing in unit, and keep the amount of the complete submergence fragment of bathing preparation energy, polyester or plastic polyester or plastics leave standstill 10 ~ 50 minutes in bathing preparation, embathe rear to polyester or plastic flakes processed;
(4) rinsing process: rinsing is carried out to the polyester after embathing or plastic flakes and is separated with proportion, during rinsing process, add purificant, and the usage ratio keeping purificant/washings is 0.5 ~ 2.5ml/l, the method of rinsing is continous way, polyester and plastic flakes rinse cycle about 8 ~ 15 minutes, and keep the usage ratio of washings/polyester and plastic flakes to be 1.5 ~ 3/1 (can with reference to Chinese patent ZL200520029406.9), lightweight thing after separation is polyethylene or polypropylene, heavy thing is polyester chips, polyester chips is after processed, packed by packaging unit.
In the present embodiment, Separation of Solid and Liquid and the liquids recovery technique of washing process to rubbing, embathing exudate in process and rinsing processing procedure is also comprised.
Amount, the water of needs, the thermal energy consumption situation that the change of cleaning line mass and resource requirement figure (Fig. 2) illustrate the various lotions needed in the situation of change of material and process is pulverized below in conjunction with polyester oil bottle.
PET oil bottle after preliminary sieve picks is about the solids net weight of 1200kg/hr, and after case of wet attrition, 1150kg/hr solids net weight of having an appointment enters into developing machine and develops a film, and in case of wet attrition process, the sewage of about 1850L/hr is discharged.In developing machine, be about 4.5kw/hr for electric heating, and supplying detergent is about 140L/hr.Substantially 1150kg/hr solids net weight is also in from developing machine PET fragment out, enter into dewaterer, after Separation of Solid and Liquid, PET fragment is about 1100kg/hr solids net weight and enters in soaker and embathe, again after dehydration, about 1075kg/hr solids net weight enters rinsing in rinsing separating tank and is separated.Supply water in rinsing separation process about 2000L/hr, and supply purificant is about 5L/hr, and in rinse cycle, waste water is back in wet crushing mill through Separation of Solid and Liquid rear portion.Rinsing isolates the clean sheet of PE of about 100kg/hr solids net weight after being separated; Isolate the clean sheet of PET of about 950kg/hr solids net weight, packaging process.Moisture content > 1% in the clean sheet of the PET obtained, total impurities content > 200ppm.
In the present embodiment, the develop a film clean result of mode and resource of cleaning and tradition consumes and contrasts as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 3
Use system described in embodiment 1 to carry out PET workprint or oil bottle sheet cleaning, adopt the technological process shown in Fig. 4, concrete technology parameter freely can be selected according to actual conditions.
In the present embodiment, workprint is market general term, refers to directly pulverize PET bottle sheet in blocks without cleaning; Oil bottle sheet is market general term, refer to edible oil PET bottle directly pulverize after bottle sheet.
Embodiment 4
Use system described in embodiment 1 to carry out general PET bottle sheet fine purifiation technique, adopt the technological process shown in Fig. 5, concrete technology parameter freely can be selected according to actual conditions.
In the present embodiment, general PET bottle sheet referred to once preliminary cleaning but failed PET bottle sheet up to standard.
Embodiment 5
Use system described in embodiment 1 to carry out PET bottle wash bottle line back segment bottle sheet fine purifiation technique, adopt the technological process shown in Fig. 6, concrete technology parameter freely can be selected according to actual conditions.
PET bottle wash bottle line is patent of invention " polyester or plastic bottle reclaim treatment system " or other similar techniques of ZL 2,005 1 0119025.4 with reference to the patent No..
Embodiment 6
Use system described in embodiment 1 to carry out other polyester or plastics workprint fine purifiation, adopt the technological process shown in Fig. 7, concrete technology parameter freely can be selected according to actual conditions.
Other polyester or plastics workprint refer to other unlike material polyester or plastics, attach the characteristics such as foreign matter determine the need of embathing function according to its surface capillary hole and surface.
Above-mentioned is can understand and use invention for ease of those skilled in the art to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a system for polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, is characterized in that, comprise with lower unit:
Case of wet attrition unit: to tentatively sieving the polyester that picks or plastic bottle body carries out case of wet attrition, obtain polyester or plastic flakes;
Rub and wash unit: rubbing process is carried out to polyester or plastic flakes, cleans the major pollutants on polyester or plastic bottle sheet;
Embathe unit: to rubbing the polyester after washing or plastic flakes embathes process, the trace contaminant on cleaning polyester or plastic flakes;
Rinse unit: rinsing is carried out to the polyester after embathing or plastic flakes and is separated with proportion;
Dewatering unit: be separately positioned on case of wet attrition unit, rub the exit washed unit, embathe unit and rinse unit, in order to the polyester after each cell processing or plastic flakes processed.
2. the system of a kind of polyester according to claim 1 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, is characterized in that, also comprise flushing water recovery unit, washing agent recovery unit, bathing preparation recovery unit and purificant recovery unit, wherein,
Described flushing water recovery unit is connected with case of wet attrition unit and the dewatering unit be arranged on after case of wet attrition unit, to case of wet attrition unit and be arranged on after liquid that dewatering unit after case of wet attrition unit discharges carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, process after insoluble matter and fluid separation applications separately respectively;
Described washing agent recovery unit is rubbed the dewatering unit washing unit rear and is connected with being arranged on, comprise solid-liquid separating machine, delivery pump, cryogenic vacuum evaporimeter and condenser, after the liquid Separation of Solid and Liquid that dewatering unit is discharged, liquid moisture is first evaporated to steam, is then condensed into distilled water within the condenser for system water;
Described bathing preparation recovery unit is connected with embathing unit and be arranged on the dewatering unit embathed after unit, after embathing the dewatering unit Separation of Solid and Liquid after unit, is partly refluxed to by liquid and embathes in unit;
Described purificant recovery unit is connected with rinse unit, the dewatering unit being arranged on rinse unit rear and case of wet attrition unit simultaneously, to rinse unit and be arranged on rinse unit rear dewatering unit exudate collect after carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, solid collection, liquid backflow is to case of wet attrition unit.
3. the system of a kind of polyester according to claim 2 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, it is characterized in that, described case of wet attrition unit, rub wash unit, embathe unit, rinse unit, dewatering unit, flushing water recovery unit, washing agent recovery unit, bathing preparation recovery unit and purificant recovery unit, according to the characteristic that process recycling material is different, carry out the increase and decrease of cell location and the adjustment of layout order.
4. the system of a kind of polyester according to claim 1 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, is characterized in that, also comprises and carries out packing the packaging unit processed to completing rinsing and the polyester after dewatering or plastic flakes.
5. the system of a kind of polyester according to claim 1 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, it is characterized in that, described case of wet attrition unit is wet crushing mill, at the bottom of wet crushing mill, settle conveying worm polyester or plastic flakes to be exported with the conveying worm that rises be connected mutually, two screw conveyor housings arrange mesh, can remove moisture content and fine particles impurity by drop in course of conveying;
Described rubbing is washed unit and is adopted developing machine, and connects washing agent and add liquid bath; The described unit that embathes adopts soaker; Described rinse unit adopts rinsing separating tank, and connects purificant and add liquid bath.
6. a technique for polyester or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) case of wet attrition: to tentatively sieving the polyester that picks or plastic bottle body carries out case of wet attrition, obtains size at the polyester of 10 ~ 25mm or plastic flakes, and carries out processed;
(2) rub and wash process: rubbing process is carried out to polyester or plastic flakes, the major pollutants on cleaning polyester or plastic bottle sheet, rub wash rear to polyester or plastic flakes processed;
(3) embathe process: to rubbing the polyester after washing or plastic flakes embathes process, the trace contaminant on cleaning polyester or plastic flakes, embathes rear to polyester or plastic flakes processed;
(4) rinsing process: carry out rinsing to the polyester after embathing or plastic flakes and be separated with proportion, rinsing and the polyester after being separated or plastic flakes, after processed, are packed by packaging unit.
7. the technique of a kind of polyester according to claim 6 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, it is characterized in that, rub and wash in process, add washing agent, and the usage ratio of washing agent and polyester or plastic flakes is 80 ~ 150ml/kg, polyester or plastic flakes are 10 ~ 20 minutes rubbing the holdup time in the machine of washing, and rub washed journey and adopt continuous feeding and discharging, rub the temperature of washing and remain on 20 ~ 60 DEG C.
8. the technique of a kind of polyester according to claim 6 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, it is characterized in that, embathe in process, bathing preparation is added to embathing in unit, and keep bathing preparation can submergence polyester or plastic flakes completely, polyester or plastic flakes in bathing preparation standing 10 ~ 50 minutes.
9. the technique of a kind of polyester according to claim 6 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, it is characterized in that, during rinsing process, add purificant, and the usage ratio keeping purificant/washings is 0.5 ~ 2.5ml/l, the method of rinsing is continous way, polyester or plastic flakes rinse cycle 8 ~ 15 minutes, and the usage ratio keeping washings/polyester or plastic flakes is 1.5 ~ 3/1.
10. the technique of a kind of polyester according to claim 6 or plastic flakes cleaning recycling, is characterized in that, also comprises Separation of Solid and Liquid and the liquids recovery technique of washing process to rubbing, embathing exudate in process and rinsing processing procedure.
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| CN105728389A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-06 | 北京金马伦科技发展有限公司 | Fragment washing machine |
| CN106397827A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-02-15 | 常州塑金高分子科技有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering waste/used plastics |
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