CN104348146B - Surge protection circuit of bridge type structure - Google Patents
Surge protection circuit of bridge type structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104348146B CN104348146B CN201410586209.0A CN201410586209A CN104348146B CN 104348146 B CN104348146 B CN 104348146B CN 201410586209 A CN201410586209 A CN 201410586209A CN 104348146 B CN104348146 B CN 104348146B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surge protection circuit of a bridge type structure. An electric bridge is composed of two current limiting type devices and two voltage limiting type devices, wherein each of the two current limiting type devices adopts an inductor; each of the two voltage limiting type devices is composed of a capacitor and a voltage-sensitive resistor which are connected in parallel; each voltage-sensitive resistor is composed of a resistor and a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) diode which are connected in series. According to the surge protection circuit, the electric bridge structure is composed of the voltage limiting type devices and the current limiting type devices and adjacent bridge arms adopt devices with different alternative-current and direct-current resistance properties respectively; the surge influence is balanced by different resistance responses of the devices under a low-frequency normal working state and a state with a surge pulse; all the devices are of passive devices including the capacitors, inductors and the like and the response speed is high enough; the surge influence is reduced to the minimum through match design of parameters of all bridge arm devices, and the sizes of devices including the capacitors, the inductors and the like can be greatly reduced so that the surge protection circuit is very convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surge protection circuit, it is mainly used in the Anti-surging of various high-power electronic device power ports
Protection.
Background technology
Surge is the common cause causing electrical equipment to damage, the electronic equipment powered especially with aerial cable, example
As the electronic equipment on outdoor train, surge destroys, via power line, the train electronic equipment being connected on locomotive power supply bus,
For this reason, surge protection is always the emphasis of vehicle electronic device design.Surge is to occur the one kind within the Microsecond grade time violent
Pulse, seriously exceeds normal working voltage.The factor causing surge includes thunderbolt, electrical network transient process etc..Thunderbolt is to cause wave
The common cause gushing, it causes monophasic pulses if surge, and energy is huge, to setting that electrical equipment especially outdoor aerial cable is powered
Get everything ready and have serious destruction.In lightning discharge, in the range of 1.5 ~ 2kM centered on being struck by lightning, all may produce danger
Overvoltage, including indirect lightning strike surge overvoltage, direct stroke surge overvoltage, thunderbolt conduction surge overvoltage, oscillatory surge
Overvoltage etc..Direct stroke is the event of most serious, occurs overhead power transmission line voltage during thunderbolt will rise to hundreds of thousands volt,
Electric current can transmit one kilometer or farther on electric lines of force, the peak point current near lightning strike spot up to more than 100kA, in electrical appliance
Every phase current of place's low-voltage circuit can reach 5kA to 10kA.Indirect stroke and power system surge energy are less, but probability of happening
Height, most of electrical equipment is damaged associated.The reason common power system surge occurs is in power system internal state
Change, the input of load as big in electric power and excision, the input of inductive load and excision, the input of condenser for power factor improvement device and
Excision, short trouble etc., the electric power causing internal electromagnetic energy conversion or transfer transition process, will occur in power system
Voltage.
The impact to sensitive electron electric equipment for the surge includes：Cause electrical equipment internal components power end, signal input
Too high voltage in outfan moment, destroys components and parts metallization top layer, or even breakdown voltage semiconductor device；Transient voltage may
The elements such as locked IGCT, bidirectional triode thyristor or cmos device are out of control, cause device to work in abnormal condition, so that device is passed through
Super-high-current and burn；Overvoltage can destroy printed circuit board (PCB) printed wire or contact point；The voltage pulsation of moment can be to equipment
Interfere, make the mistake of communication transmitting data, data processor malfunctions, data file portion is destroyed；Frequently overvoltage
Device aging can be caused to accelerate, greatly shorten equipment life.
Currently, it is protection equipment from the electrostatic being entered by power line, thunderbolt, switch the impact of contour voltage surge,
Widely used protection circuit has：Switching mode, votage limit type, bypass type or chokes type etc..Its basic technique principle includes two
Aspect：
1. utilize varistor（VDR）, transient supression diode（TVS）, the votage limit type device restraining line such as gas-discharge tube
Road voltage.These devices are connected in parallel on equipment incoming line two ends, assume very big resistance when line voltage distribution was in normal range
Anti-, when surge voltage access arrangement, line voltage distribution exceedes tolerance limit, device resistance rapid decrease, absorbs surge current, to ensure
Line voltage distribution is unlikely to too high.But for this several device when tackling high voltage surge, all there is their limitation：Varistor
Large energy can be absorbed during action, but response speed is slowly it is impossible to soon suppress voltage jump；Transient supression diode response speed
Degree is fast, but its to absorb instantaneous power limited, high current by the case of easily excessively stream burn；Gas-discharge tube discharge process
Unreliable.
2. utilize the current-limiting type device limit inrush currents such as inductance.These devices in series in equipment incoming line, normally
In the case of, line frequency is relatively low, and device assumes the impedance of very little, and a large amount of radio-frequency components carrying during for surge access arrangement
Then assume higher impedance, surge current access arrangement is stopped with this.Its exist defect be：Under normal operating conditions, protection
The impedance of device must be very big, particularly with the electric power incoming line of large power-consuming equipment, for this reason, inductance need to using thicker around
Line line footpath, then it is sufficiently bulky that big inductance value results in inductance, in-convenience in use.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems of currently used surge protection circuit, proposes a kind of small volume, response speed
Hurry up, suppress the surge protection circuit of the good bridge architecture of surge effect.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：The present invention forms electricity by two current-limiting type devices and two votage limit type devices
Bridge, the first current-limiting type device and the first votage limit type device concatenation, the second votage limit type device and the second current-limiting type device concatenation, first
Current-limiting type device and the second votage limit type device are attempted by a point, and the first votage limit type device and the second current-limiting type device are attempted by d point,
2 points of a, d is connected to power input；In the middle of electric bridge, 2 points of b, c of bridge draws power supply output.
Further, two current-limiting type devices adopt inductance, and two votage limit type devices are all in parallel with varistor with electric capacity
Composition, varistor is composed in series with a resistance and a TVS diode.
The present invention has an advantageous effect in that using after technique scheme：
1st, the present invention combines votage limit type device and current-limiting type device constitutes bridge structure, and adjacent brachium pontis is respectively adopted difference
The device of alternating current-direct current impedance operator, different with the transient state that surge pulse occurs under the normal operating conditions of low frequency using device
Impedance response offset surge impact, under normal operating conditions, impedance is very big, when surge pulse occurs impedance decline.
2nd, in the present invention each device based on the passive devices such as electric capacity, inductance it is ensured that sufficiently high response speed.
3rd, minimum by the impact of surge being down to the matched design of each brachium pontis device parameters, also can substantially reduce
The volume of the devices such as each electric capacity, inductance, using very convenient.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure chart of the surge protection circuit of bridge architecture of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the surge protection circuit in embodiment；
In figure：1st, 4. current-limiting type device；2nd, 3. votage limit type device；11st, 41,51. inductance；21st, 31,52. electric capacity；22、32.
Resistance；23rd, 33.TVS diode.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is made up of current-limiting type device 1, current-limiting type device 4, votage limit type device 2 and votage limit type device 3
Electric bridge, current-limiting type device 1 and votage limit type device 2 concatenate, and votage limit type device 3 and current-limiting type device 4 concatenate.Current-limiting type device 1 He
Votage limit type device 3 is attempted by a point, and votage limit type device 2 and current-limiting type device 4 are attempted by d point, and power input is connected to a, d point.Current limliting
C point between b point between type device 1 and votage limit type device 2, votage limit type device 3 and current-limiting type device 4 is bridge in the middle of electric bridge
Point, draws power supply output from b, c point.
Under normal operating conditions, current-limiting type device 1,4 impedance very littles, substantially no pressure drop；When surge pulse occurs, with
The quick rising of input voltage, the impedance of current-limiting type device 1,4 increases, and pressure drop raises.And votage limit type device 2,3 is in contrast,
Under normal operating conditions, impedance is very big, and basic no current passes through, and load can obtain and all supply electric flux；When surge pulse occurs
When, votage limit type device 2,3 impedances are less, and pressure drop reduces, and so, load power source anodic potentials decline, and negative pole current potential rises, and offset
The impact of surge voltage.Continuing with surge pulse, the impedance of each device tends to static parameter, and surge pulse affects gradually
Increase, when pulse reaches certain level, switching device starts the resistance condition changing each device again, so that electric bridge is tended to balance
State, offsets the impact of surge pulse.
The present invention only need to be able to ensure to reach peak in surge voltage by the matched design to electric bridge each brachium pontis device parameters
Device resistance is made to meet bridge balance condition when nearby, you can load power source voltage influence to be down to surge minimum.
The embodiment of one effect is significant of the present invention presented below.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, current-limiting type device 1,4 adopts inductance, and votage limit type device 2,3 adopts electric capacity in parallel with varistor, pressure
Quick resistance is with a resistance and TVS diode series connection.It is specially：Using inductance 11 as current-limiting type device 1, it is limited with inductance 41
Flow pattern device 4, using resistance 22, TVS diode 23 connect again in parallel with electric capacity 21 as votage limit type device 2, with resistance 32, TVS
Diode 33 connect again in parallel with electric capacity 31 as votage limit type device 3.Wherein inductance 11 is identical with 41 parameters, and inductance value is identical all
Take 10 μ H, electric capacity 21 is identical with the capacitance of electric capacity 31 all to take 1000pF, and resistance 22 is identical with the resistance of resistance 32 all to take 2 Ω,
TVS diode 23 and TVS diode 33 are all from 5KE150CA.Method of work is as follows：
1st, under normal operating conditions, no pressure drop substantially on inductance 11 and inductance 41, output voltage is input voltage.
When the 2nd, surge pulse, with the quick rising of input voltage, inductance 11 and inductance 41 stop pulse current from leading to
Cross, electric capacity 21 suppresses the mutation of voltage between b, d point simultaneously, electric capacity 31 suppresses the mutation of voltage between a, c point.So input
Voltage between a, d raises suddenly, and b point current potential declines with d point, and c point current potential rises with a point, make voltage between b, c point towards
The contrary direction change of surge pulse, counteracts the impact of surge voltage at the initial stage of surge pulse.
3rd, charge and terminate with electric capacity 21, electric capacity 31, voltage raises with surge pulse, and TVS diode 23,33 will be in voltage
Reach conducting during about 150V, then the equiva lent impedance of votage limit type device 2,3 is decreased to about resistance 2 Ω of resistance 22, resistance 32.Electric bridge
The proportionate relationship of impedance is changed by each brachium pontis again, and the decline of votage limit type device 2 impedance makes its series connection node b electricity with inductance 11
Position declines, and the decline of votage limit type device 3 impedance makes it rise with the series connection node c current potential of inductance 41, counteracts surge pulse
Impact.
Due to the effect of bridge protection circuit nonlinear characteristic, the energy of surge pulse is transferred to high fdrequency components in a large number,
Therefore second level surge absorbing circuit only need to constitute basic LC filter using inductance value and all less inductance 51 of capacitance, electric capacity 52
Wave circuit can absorb surge energy it is ensured that the stablizing of output voltage.Inductance 51 selects 10 μ H inductance, electric capacity 52 to select 220 μ F
Electric capacity.Thus, on the premise of not using high-grade electric capacity, inductance and TVS diode, it is possible to resolve each grade transient voltage wave
Gush the anti-surge protection circuit of testing standard.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of surge protection circuit of bridge architecture, is characterized in that：By two current-limiting type devices and two votage limit type device groups
Become electric bridge, the first current-limiting type device（1）With the first votage limit type device（2）Concatenation, the second votage limit type device（3）With the second current-limiting type
Device（4）Concatenation, the first current-limiting type device（1）With the second votage limit type device（3）It is attempted by a point, the first votage limit type device（2）With
Second current-limiting type device（4）It is attempted by d point, 2 points of a, d is connected to power input；2 points of extraction power supplys of b, c of bridge in the middle of electric bridge
Output.
2. a kind of surge protection circuit of bridge architecture according to claim 1, is characterized in that：Two current-limiting type devices adopt
Inductance, two votage limit type devices are all composed in parallel with varistor with electric capacity, and varistor is with a resistance and a TVS diode string
Joint group becomes.
3. a kind of surge protection circuit of bridge architecture according to claim 2, is characterized in that：The electricity of two current-limiting type devices
The parameter of sense is identical, and in two votage limit type devices, the capacitance of electric capacity is identical, the resistance of two resistance in two varistors
Value is identical.
4. a kind of surge protection circuit of bridge architecture according to claim 3, is characterized in that：Inductance value takes 10 μ H, electric capacity
Value takes 1000pF, and the resistance value of two resistance all takes 2 Ω, and TVS diode model is 5KE150CA.
5. a kind of surge protection circuit of bridge architecture according to claim 1, is characterized in that：B, c of bridge in the middle of electric bridge
2 points connect the LC filter circuit being made up of the inductance of 10 μ H, the electric capacity of 220 μ F.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410586209.0A CN104348146B (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2014-10-28 | Surge protection circuit of bridge type structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410586209.0A CN104348146B (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2014-10-28 | Surge protection circuit of bridge type structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104348146A CN104348146A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
| CN104348146B true CN104348146B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410586209.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104348146B (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2014-10-28 | Surge protection circuit of bridge type structure |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106646041B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-04-05 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of analogy method of engine start initial engagement surge voltage |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068449A (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1993-01-27 | 深圳尤尼-菲斯有限公司 | Zinc-oxide piezoresistor and thermal-sensitive overcurrent protection assemble |
| US5644461A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1997-07-01 | Westinghouse Air Brake Company | High voltage d-c current limiter |
| CN1161589A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1997-10-08 | 王琢之 | Surge current absorber modular, and art for mfg. same |
| EP1149452A1 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2001-10-31 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH | Current limiter with electric valves for limiting the short-circuit current in an electric power circuit |
| CN201498988U (en) * | 2009-10-10 | 2010-06-02 | 朱仲彦 | ZnO and SiC compound circuit used for arc extinction, harmony extinction and overvoltage protection |
-
2014
- 2014-10-28 CN CN201410586209.0A patent/CN104348146B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068449A (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1993-01-27 | 深圳尤尼-菲斯有限公司 | Zinc-oxide piezoresistor and thermal-sensitive overcurrent protection assemble |
| US5644461A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1997-07-01 | Westinghouse Air Brake Company | High voltage d-c current limiter |
| CN1161589A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1997-10-08 | 王琢之 | Surge current absorber modular, and art for mfg. same |
| EP1149452A1 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2001-10-31 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH | Current limiter with electric valves for limiting the short-circuit current in an electric power circuit |
| CN201498988U (en) * | 2009-10-10 | 2010-06-02 | 朱仲彦 | ZnO and SiC compound circuit used for arc extinction, harmony extinction and overvoltage protection |
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| CN104348146A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
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Granted publication date: 20170222 Termination date: 20171028 |