CN104345388A - Great-core-diameter optical fiber coupler and manufacturing method of great-core-diameter optical fiber coupler - Google Patents
Great-core-diameter optical fiber coupler and manufacturing method of great-core-diameter optical fiber coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN104345388A CN104345388A CN201410595057.0A CN201410595057A CN104345388A CN 104345388 A CN104345388 A CN 104345388A CN 201410595057 A CN201410595057 A CN 201410595057A CN 104345388 A CN104345388 A CN 104345388A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2552—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding reshaping or reforming of light guides for coupling using thermal heating, e.g. tapering, forming of a lens on light guide ends
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Abstract
The invention discloses a great-core-diameter optical fiber coupler, which comprises an input optical fiber and n output optical fibers, wherein the n is greater than or equal to 1 but smaller than or equal to 6, the core diameter of the input optical fiber is 200 to 600mum, the core-to-sheath ratio range of the input optical fiber is 1:1.04 to 1:1.25, the core diameter of each output optical fiber is 200 to 400mum, the core-to-sheath ratio of the output optical fiber is identical to that of the input optical fiber, the input optical fiber and the output optical fibers are fixed and twisted in a coupling region, one end, in the coupling region, of the input optical fiber is the output end of the input optical fiber, the other end of the input optical fiber is the input end of the input optical fiber, one end, in the coupling region, of each output optical fiber is the input end of each output optical fiber, and the other end of each output optical fiber is the output end of the output optical fiber. The great-core-diameter optical fiber coupler has the advantages that the optical fiber coupling difficulty is low, the light splitting ratio of the coupler is uniform, the optical fiber uncoaxiality caused by optical fiber accumulation in the coupling region is reduced, the light spot divergence angle is smaller than 30 degrees, the transmittance is greater than 70 percent, any light splitting ratio can be realized, and the light splitting ratio deviation is +/-7 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism adopting fused biconical taper method to make and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The method realizing coupling fiber conventional has three kinds: etch method, polishing, fused biconical taper method.Etch method is chemical technology disposal route, and this method is relatively simple and easy, but the beam splitter made requires high to environment temperature, and the stranded of optical fiber affects its serviceable life, and practical value is low.Polishing is more traditional manufacturing process, belongs to optics cold working category, this comparison of processes is loaded down with trivial details, grinding and polishing process difficulty is large and the beam splitter volume made is also larger, has not re-used this method at present and has made beam splitter.Fused biconical taper technological advantage has: the device added losses of good directionality, making are lower, environmental stability is higher, cost compare is cheap, make simple applicable production in enormous quantities.
The fused biconical taper technique that communication multimode optical fiber adopts utilizes the method for hydrogen combusted carrier of oxygen to provide thermal source, and this mode heating-up temperature field is unstable, and the fluctuation ratio of flame temperature is comparatively large, easily by surrounding environment influence.The instability of fuel gas temperature can make inside of optical fibre occur thermal stress and cause material-structure to become fragile, so that device loss becomes large.
The optical fiber core diameter that traditional multi-module optical fiber coupler adopts is 50um or 62.5um, and the coupling mechanism of this kind of optical fiber fabrication cannot meet the transmission needs of high energy laser, and coupling efficiency is low.
Because large core fiber core diameter is comparatively thick, very easily causes the accumulation of coupled zone molten state optical fiber when melting is coupled, thus affect the optical property such as splitting ratio, transmitance of fiber coupler, pile up and seriously even affect device architecture stability.
Because optical fiber Output of laser energy is Gaussian distribution, energy uneven received by detector in actual applications, the accuracy of impact detection; And adopt the mode of Lens Coupling also can realize fiber optic collimator to export, but the expensive and surface structure of micro lens is comparatively large, is not suitable for being applied in miniature detector device.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the optical fiber core diameter that traditional multi-module optical fiber coupler adopts is 50um or 62.5um, and the coupling mechanism of this kind of optical fiber fabrication cannot meet the transmission needs of high energy laser, and coupling efficiency is low; And the existing method for making of large core fiber coupling mechanism exists coupled zone molten state optical fiber is piled up, optical fiber exports laser energy is uneven, optical fiber disalignment or cost too high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism, and described coupling mechanism comprises the output optical fibre of an input optical fibre and n root, 1≤n≤6; Described input optical fibre core diameter is 200-600um, and input optical fibre core skin is 1:1.04 to 1:1.25 than scope; Described output optical fibre core diameter is 200-400um, and output optical fibre core skin compares with the core skin of input optical fibre than consistent; Described input optical fibre and output optical fibre are fixing in coupled zone beats strand, described input optical fibre is the output terminal of input optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, the other end is the input end of input optical fibre, described output optical fibre is the input end of output optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, and the other end is the output terminal of output optical fibre.
Because the optical fiber core diameter of the input optical fibre adopted is 200-600um, fiber cores skin is 1:1.04 to 1:1.25 than scope, thicker than existing multi-module optical fiber coupler core diameter is many, therefore, the laser energy that this fiber coupler can transmit also more existing multi-module optical fiber coupler is much higher, can meet the needs of high energy laser; In addition, can reduce the risk of La Zhui district distortion during fusion drawn, meanwhile, it is comparatively even that identical core skin ratio makes optical fiber heating zone be heated, and improves large core fiber coupling effect better.
For making the optical fiber energy even of output, the output terminal of each root output optical fibre connects globe lens by kapillary, the forward and backward surface of described globe lens is sphere, one end wringing fit socket output optical fibre of kapillary, other end wringing fit socket globe lens, the diameter of globe lens is greater than coupled fiber core diameter, and the numerical aperture NA of lens
1be greater than the numerical aperture NA of output optical fibre
2.Large core fiber coupling mechanism emergent light spot is Gaussian distribution, this energy distribution is uneven, existing method adopts termination to be melt into usually spherically can make the disperse of fiber exit hot spot, thus the amplitude realizing energy Gaussian distribution reduces, and the energy homogenize that this mode realizes is relative, and another mode is namely in tail optical fiber solidification GRIN Lens, fiber exit light is through the lens of graded index, its energy obtains abundant homogenize, but because time GRIN Lens makes, length difficulty controls, often there is deviation, the angle that length difference exports just changes, spot size is finally caused to differ, be not suitable for batch production, the present invention adopts the method for output optical fibre coupling globe lens namely to achieve energy homogenize, also batch production is applicable to, in addition, numerical aperture is greater than the numerical aperture of output optical fibre, then acceptance angle is large, so be beneficial to the light that globe lens receives output optical fibre, the emergent light energy even of output optical fibre is distributed, and the hot spot angle of divergence is less than 30 °.
For improving the emergent light effect of globe lens, for ultraviolet optics adhesive curing is connected between output optical fibre and described globe lens.Carry out rapid curing with Ultraviolet radiation, bonding solation can be avoided to the emergent light effect of former and later two spherical influence globe lenss.
Scheme as a further improvement on the present invention, described output optical fibre number is the six roots of sensation, and seven optical fiber of coupled zone become regular hexagon to arrange, and input optical fibre is positioned at orthohexagonal central axis place.Orthohexagonal arrangement be more conducive to clamping beat twist time, the equal uniform force of each optical fiber of coupled zone, beat strand angle consistent, be not easy to occur the distortion of La Zhui district, further increase the effect of large core fiber coupling, reduce the error of optical fibre light splitting ratio, splitting ratio can realize any ratio, splitting ratio deviation ± 7%.
A kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making, described coupling mechanism comprises the output optical fibre of an input optical fibre and n root, 1≤n≤6; Described input optical fibre core diameter is 200-600um, and input optical fibre core skin is 1:1.04 to 1:1.25 than scope; Described output optical fibre core diameter is 200-400um, output optical fibre core skin compares with the core skin of input optical fibre than consistent, melting coupling comprises the following steps: 1) by the part removing covering that melting is coupled for the treatment of of the optical fiber of more than two, fixture is utilized to be clamped the coupled zone of optical fiber and beat strand, described input optical fibre is the output terminal of input optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, the other end is the input end of input optical fibre, described output optical fibre is the input end of output optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, and the other end is the output terminal of output optical fibre; 2) by thermal source, fused biconical taper is carried out to beating after strand position is heated of optical fiber, on the same axis to two side stretchings after heating by optical fiber, in drawing process, draw cone speed to adopt change to draw cone speed, namely cone speed is drawn to accelerate gradually to the later stage from initial stage to mid-term, until form the waveguiding structure of bipyramid shape in pyrometric cone district.Draw cone initial stage optical fiber not reach molten condition, so speed is unsuitable too fast, and the middle and later periods draws the quickening of cone speed to be conducive to optical fiber to realize regular double cone structure, therefore, adopts and becomes the optical fiber drawing cone speed can solve in large core fiber melting process and pile up problem.
As improvement, the output terminal of each root output optical fibre connects globe lens by kapillary, the forward and backward surface of described globe lens is sphere, one end wringing fit socket output optical fibre of kapillary, other end wringing fit socket globe lens, the diameter of globe lens is greater than coupled fiber core diameter, and the numerical aperture NA of lens
1be less than the numerical aperture NA of output optical fibre
2.
As improvement, for ultraviolet optics adhesive curing is connected between output optical fibre and described globe lens.
As improvement, described output optical fibre number is the six roots of sensation, and seven optical fiber of coupled zone become regular hexagon to arrange, and input optical fibre is positioned at orthohexagonal central axis place.
For improving the effect of coupling fiber further, aforementioned thermal source adopts laser instrument.Choose laser instrument as thermal source, the high-energy of laser, feature that concentration degree is good can be made full use of, for large core diameter melting provides reliable and stable even heat energy, be not easy to cause molten state optical fiber to pile up.
Advantage of the present invention is: the melting coupling realizing large core fiber, utilizes laser as thermal source, reduce the coupling fiber difficulty of large core skin than structure; The large core fiber of two ends, coupled zone clip position adopts regular hexagon arrangement, solves coupling mechanism splitting ratio problem of non-uniform, the problems such as the optical fiber disalignment that effective reduction coupled zone fiber stack manufactures, can realize certain mass production; Realize the hot spot of energy even distribution at branch optical fiber emergent light, the hot spot angle of divergence is less than 30 °; Its Specifeca tion speeification: transmitance >=70%; Splitting ratio can realize any ratio, splitting ratio deviation ± 7%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theoretical model of large core fiber of the present invention coupling.
Fig. 2 is the contrast of large core fiber of the present invention and Single-Mode Fiber Coupling feature.
Fig. 3 is the clamping piece structure at two ends, large core fiber coupling mechanism coupled zone of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the microstructure of large core fiber coupling mechanism output optical fibre termination of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment are described, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment large core fiber coupling mechanism comprises an input optical fibre 1 and two output optical fibres 2; The core diameter of described optical fiber is within the scope of 200-600um, and input optical fibre 1 and output optical fibre 2 can be the optical fiber of different core diameter, and fiber cores skin is than being 1:1.04 or 1:1.25.
Be different from the geometry of telecommunication optical fiber in conjunction with large core fiber, establish the theoretical model of large core fiber coupling.
As shown in Figure 2, when usual single-mode fiber 3 is coupled, due to the core diameter 4 of optical fiber thinner (being approximately 9-10um), when fusion drawn, core diameter can be more and more thinner, the light propagated in fibre core leaks in covering 5 gradually, forms the optical fiber biography light dielectric layer formed with covering 5-air layer.And large core fiber 6 fibre cladding 7 meeting in fusion drawn process is more and more thinner, light is propagated always in fiber core 8, the final biography light dielectric layer forming fibre core 8-air layer and form.
The difference of optical fiber structure determines the difference of the technology mode realizing coupling, and the special core skin of large core fiber is comparatively larger than melting time institute heat requirement, and the high-energy of close limit easily causes molten state optical fiber to pile up; When temperature is lower, easily cause again melting insufficient.
Two or multifiber are removed as required the covering of certain length, dip in the fibre core of alcohol wipe removing covering with absorbent cotton, after wiped clean, utilize extraordinary fixture by optical fiber clamping and beat strand.Open laser instrument, the beat strand position of laser to optical fiber is utilized to heat, control laser output power well drawing in cone process, on the same axis to two side stretchings after optical fiber is heated, select after drawing cone speed to adopt specific tensile elongation in drawing process different to draw cone speed, draw cone initial stage speeds control at 0.02-0.06mm/s, draw mid-term cone speeds control at 0.07-0.09 mm/s, the later stage draws cone speeds control at 0.1-0.12 mm/s.Draw cone initial stage optical fiber not reach molten condition, so speed is unsuitable too fast, and the middle and later periods draws the quickening of cone speed to be conducive to optical fiber to realize regular double cone structure.The special Wave guide structure of bipyramid shape is finally formed in pyrometric cone district.Because the process stretched can make optical fiber core diameter attenuate, the covering of optical fiber is thinning gradually until can disregard impact, at this moment almost institute's through-put power conducted by the medium (being generally air) of fiber core and surrounding completely, defines new optical waveguide structure.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, two ends, coupled zone adopt fixture inner cavity to be that orthohexagonal fixture clamps, the inside of two-end structure is seven optical fiber relevant permutation, wherein input optical fibre position is at center, six roots of sensation coupled fiber is in surrounding, seven optical fiber are according to regular hexagon close-packed arrays, and relative position one_to_one corresponding.Tied up by the optical fiber cord 6 arranged, then according to the outside dimension that seven optical fiber are lined up, design one extrudes gummed by two panels workpiece 7 and fixes optical fiber arrangement, and workpiece 7 need ensure inwall smooth finish by the mode of Linear cut, in order to avoid damage optical fiber.The homogeneity of this splitting ratio after the arrangement of two ends, coupled zone solidification workpiece stable fiber effectively can ensure fiber fuse, becomes in this respective outer side edges fiber fuse process simultaneously and draws cone speed to solve large core fiber melting easily to cause optical fiber disalignment problem caused by accumulation.
Embodiment 3:
As Fig. 4 display, the microstructure process of coupling mechanism outgoing termination, this external structure comprises fixing metal tube 11, but inner structure unlike the prior art, difference is its globe lens 12 and large core fiber 6, front surface 12a and the rear surface 12b of lens are sphere, the internal diameter size of metal tube leading portion 11a and the outside dimension of optical fiber used closely cooperate, the internal diameter size of metal tube back segment 11b and the diameter dimension of globe lens closely cooperate, the accuracy guarantee of the metal tube internal diameter right alignment of large core fiber and globe lens.The diameter of globe lens should be greater than coupled fiber core diameter, and the numerical aperture of lens is the numerical aperture that NA1 is less than output optical fibre is NA2.The clean operator's console in cleaning shop is cured, first uses the microscopic examination globe lens of 40 times, ensure sphere free from smutting during; Detection fiber end face on 400 times of optical fiber end face detectors, guarantees that the large core fiber end face after grinding and polishing is without pit cut, only have fully ensure end face quality just can obtain evenly energy distribution.Metal tube leading portion 11a and back segment 11b inwall apply a certain amount of UV optical cement 13, is first put into by globe lens in metal tube 11b, inwall gluing is too much unsuitable, in order to avoid flow to former and later two spherical influence emergent lights, carries out rapid curing with Ultraviolet radiation.Large core fiber 6 is inserted in metal tube, controls intubating length by the positioning heat draw 14, has certain distance between optical fiber and globe lens.The last solidification carrying out optical fiber and metal tube again with ultraviolet light, solidifies the firmly hermetically-sealed construction formed with the conventional joints of optical fibre again.Connector can be FC, ST or SMA905.The end face of output optical fibre carries out microstructure process, and after process, the emergent light spot energy distribution of optical fiber is not Gaussian distribution, but is uniformly distributed, and the angle little Yu 30 ° of emergent light spot.
Claims (9)
1. a large core fiber coupling mechanism, is characterized in that: described coupling mechanism comprises the output optical fibre of an input optical fibre and n root, 1≤n≤6; Described input optical fibre core diameter is 200-600um, and input optical fibre core skin is 1:1.04 to 1:1.25 than scope; Described output optical fibre core diameter is 200-400um, and output optical fibre core skin compares with the core skin of input optical fibre than consistent;
Described input optical fibre and output optical fibre are fixing in coupled zone beats strand, described input optical fibre is the output terminal of input optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, the other end is the input end of input optical fibre, described output optical fibre is the input end of output optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, and the other end is the output terminal of output optical fibre.
2. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of each root output optical fibre connects globe lens by kapillary, the forward and backward surface of described globe lens is sphere, one end wringing fit socket output optical fibre of kapillary, other end wringing fit socket globe lens, the diameter of globe lens is greater than coupled fiber core diameter, and the numerical aperture NA of lens
1be greater than the numerical aperture NA of output optical fibre
2.
3. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making according to claim 2, is characterized in that: for ultraviolet optics adhesive curing is connected between output optical fibre and described globe lens.
4. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described output optical fibre number is the six roots of sensation, and seven optical fiber of coupled zone become regular hexagon to arrange, and input optical fibre is positioned at orthohexagonal central axis place.
5. a large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making, is characterized in that: described coupling mechanism comprises the output optical fibre of an input optical fibre and n root, 1≤n≤6; Described input optical fibre core diameter is 200-600um, and input optical fibre core skin is 1:1.04 to 1:1.25 than scope; Described output optical fibre core diameter is 200-400um, and output optical fibre core skin compares with the core skin of input optical fibre than consistent, and melting coupling comprises the following steps:
1) by the part removing covering that melting is coupled for the treatment of of the optical fiber of more than two, fixture is utilized to be clamped the coupled zone of optical fiber and beat strand, described input optical fibre is the output terminal of input optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, the other end is the input end of input optical fibre, described output optical fibre is the input end of output optical fibre in one end of coupled zone, and the other end is the output terminal of output optical fibre;
2) by thermal source, fused biconical taper is carried out to beating after strand position is heated of optical fiber, on the same axis to two side stretchings after heating by optical fiber, in drawing process, draw cone speed to adopt change to draw cone speed, namely cone speed is drawn to accelerate gradually to the later stage from initial stage to mid-term, until form the waveguiding structure of bipyramid shape in pyrometric cone district.
6. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of each root output optical fibre connects globe lens by kapillary, the forward and backward surface of described globe lens is sphere, one end wringing fit socket output optical fibre of kapillary, other end wringing fit socket globe lens, the diameter of globe lens is greater than coupled fiber core diameter, and the numerical aperture NA of lens
1be greater than the numerical aperture NA of output optical fibre
2.
7. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making according to claim 6, is characterized in that: for ultraviolet optics adhesive curing is connected between output optical fibre and described globe lens.
8. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, is characterized in that: described output optical fibre number is the six roots of sensation, seven optical fiber of coupled zone become regular hexagon to arrange, and input optical fibre is positioned at orthohexagonal central axis place.
9. a kind of large core fiber coupling mechanism method for making according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, is characterized in that: aforementioned thermal source adopts laser instrument.
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| CN107132619A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-05 | 深圳市阿集比光电科技有限公司 | Laser closes beam system and the compound conjunction beam system of laser |
| CN110199212A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2019-09-03 | Tdk株式会社 | The manufacturing method of optically coupled device and optically coupled device |
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