CN104316144B - A kind of visualization measurement method of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure - Google Patents

A kind of visualization measurement method of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104316144B
CN104316144B CN201410612230.3A CN201410612230A CN104316144B CN 104316144 B CN104316144 B CN 104316144B CN 201410612230 A CN201410612230 A CN 201410612230A CN 104316144 B CN104316144 B CN 104316144B
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water
level
permeable pipe
negative pressure
definition camera
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CN104316144A (en
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李平
刘伟
刘汉龙
赖建英
丁选明
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of visual measuring device of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure, including water-permeable pipe, floating block, pulley, the high-definition camera with light source, wire, fixed conductor interface, index pin, top cover, bottom, external display equipment, geotechnological filter cloth.The invention also discloses the measuring method of the device, floating block drives the high-definition camera upper and lower displacement with light source freely to change with the floating of level of ground water, every time during measurement, the external display equipment that will be located at outside water-permeable pipe is connected by wire with high-definition camera, index pin meaning graduation position in pipe is shot, so as to the level of ground water under condition of negative pressure can be obtained.The present invention can accurately measure the true level of ground water under condition of negative pressure, it is to avoid the error of traditional open measurement, and simple structure, easy to manufacture, with low cost, easy to use, have a extensive future.

Description

A kind of visualization measurement method of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure
Technical field
The present invention relates under a kind of level of ground water testing tool and method, more particularly to condition of negative pressure level of ground water it is visual Change measuring method.
Background technology
In Geotechnical Engineering field, the measurement of level of ground water has irreplaceable importance, the side of change one of level of ground water Face reflects the progress of foundation stabilization, on the other hand reflects the quality of reinforcement means, thus truly, accurate level of ground water survey It is particularly important that amount technology just shows.Conventional opened type test tube method being used the method for testing for being used for level of ground water in engineering more, its The essence of measured SEA LEVEL VARIATION reflection is the average value of the lower water level pipe chimney filter section each point drawdown of atmospheric pressure effect.If pin The measurement of level of ground water during to vacuum pre-press reinforcing foundation, is required for opening sealing orifice in each test process, so certainly will The air-tight state that can be destroyed in pipe, the water level measured with the method can only reflect the analog value of normal atmosphere pressure, be not negative pressure Under the conditions of in ground level of ground water actual value, and water-level observation number of times is more during vacuum preloading, and the error for causing is bigger, So conventional level of ground water method of testing is not particularly suited for the test request of level of ground water under the conditions of vacuum preloading.
Before making the present invention, Chinese patent (number of patent application:201320244064.7) a kind of " vacuum preloading ground is disclosed Lower level measurement device ", is structurally characterized in that water level pipe and resistance-type water gage including being embedded in ground, wherein positioned at sand bedding course The water level pipe more than lower 2m absolute altitudes is closing, and water level pipe is provided with top closure and sealed bottom lid, resistance type water level Meter sealing is fixed in the water level pipe, and is connected with readout instrument.But have the disadvantages that:(1) change that this device passes through water level Change influence its change for being embedded in resistance type water level device reading in water level pipe, the change of water level calculated indirectly, can exist compared with Big error;(2) water level pipe from the mouth of pipe to sand bedding course below do not connected with surrounding soil in the range of 2m, so it is difficult to ensure that water level The inside and outside vacuum of pipe is consistent, so as to cause measurement error.Additionally, Chinese patent (number of patent application:2009102326279.6) also " water level measurement system and method based on image vision " is disclosed, its structure is to use ball cock device, is disposed directly over it CCD camera carries out video acquisition to float, and the float that SEA LEVEL VARIATION causes influences Dynamic Graph with the change of CCD camera distance The float image area as in;The relative distance of float and CCD camera is obtained by the change of area, water level is measured.The dress The level sensor for avoiding costliness is put, cost is reduced, but the device there is also problems with:(1) device is by taking the photograph Cause the change of shooting area as the distance of distance between head and float, indirect measuring goes out the change of water level, what indirect measuring went out Water level error can be more than error measured directly, and when reference area measurement error can increase.(2) for measurement The water level of change is constantly in, the device needs the measuring and calculating of certain hour, is likely to result in the delay of data, be not suitable for survey in real time Amount.(3) being widely varied suddenly for water level, the shooting area of float also occurs and significantly changes that data are significantly Degree change can cause the error for calculating to increase, so as to can also be increased by calculating the resultant error of water level indirectly.(4) for negative pressure Under the conditions of level of ground water measurement, the device is due to that cannot be applied not closed.(5) in water level pipe during the measurement of the device On the basis of measure, when float falling-rising is larger, due in pipe without lighting apparatus, photographic effect can be influenceed, so that right The calculating of area will also result in inaccurate influence.
The content of the invention
For the defect and deficiency of existing underground water level measurement equipment, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple structure, Be easy to operation, under condition of negative pressure with low cost visual direct measurement level of ground water apparatus and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of visual measuring device of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure, It is characterized in that:Including water-permeable pipe, the water-permeable pipe is hollow structure, and full section is embedded in soil, and water-permeable pipe lower end is provided with bottom, thoroughly Water pipe upper end is provided with top cover, and permeable tube side wall is all provided with permeability hole, and permeable tube side wall outer wrap geotechnique filter cloth is pushed up during measurement Lid is embedded under diaphragm seal;Floating block is located inside water-permeable pipe, and water-permeable pipe madial wall longitudinal direction is at least provided with a grooved tracks, one Pulley is embedded in the grooved tracks, and the pulley is fixedly connected with floating block;One in grooved tracks is provided with scale, scale with Water-permeable pipe upper end is zero point, and the high-definition camera with light source, index pin are fixed on floating block upper end, the high definition with light source Camera is consistent with index pin direction, is directed to set graduated track;External display equipment is located at outside water-permeable pipe, is led to during measurement Wire is crossed to be connected with the high-definition camera with light source.
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:The grooved tracks sum It is four, one is set every 90 degree along the inwall circumference of water-permeable pipe, pulley corresponding with grooved tracks is four.
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:Four pulleys are set It is highly identical.
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:The wire is by fixing Conductor interface is fixed on top cover, and the fixed conductor interface is located at top cover center, is tightly connected between water-permeable pipe and top cover.
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:The water-permeable pipe is a diameter of 90mm-100mm。
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:The floating block is highly 20- 25cm, a diameter of 80-90mm.
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:The index pin is using light Material polystyrene, there is phosphor powder layer on surface.
The visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that:The height with light source Clear camera uses microspur high-definition camera, carries LED light source.
The measuring method of the visual measuring device of level of ground water under foregoing condition of negative pressure, it is characterised in that including such as Lower step:
(1), by water-permeable pipe full section embedment hole, water-permeable pipe is made in the predetermined measuring point locating holes in workspace using pore-forming drill Wall comprehensive permeability hole in side is all embedded under diaphragm seal;
(2) after after water-permeable pipe fixation, with the permeable inside pipe wall of high pressure water washing, prevent soil particle from influenceing pulley freely up and down Slide;
(3) high-definition camera and index pin with light source are fixed on floating block upper end, adjust high-definition camera and index Pin direction, makes high-definition camera and index pin be directed to one of pulley direction, places floating block and enters water-permeable pipe, selective goal The signified pulley insertion of pin sets graduated grooved tracks, and other pulleys are accordingly embedded in track, leaves wire in water-permeable pipe, Be connected conductor interface, the junction of placement top cover and top pressure closure and water-permeable pipe, is connected in water-permeable pipe external application wire Conductor interface, and wire is extended to outside diaphragm seal, for connecting external display equipment;
(4) underground water enters water-permeable pipe by permeability hole, by the high-definition camera with light source and external display during measurement Equipment is attached, and after after level of ground water in water-permeable pipe and floating block position stabilization, the reading of index pin is read by external display equipment Number;
(5) determine datum mark, negative pressure before applying using the initial of spirit level measurement water-permeable pipe upper port outside workspace Absolute altitude Hz0, further according to the vertical range h of index pin to the water surfacezWith index pin initial reading h0Initial level of ground water H can be calculated0 =Hz0-h0-hz
(6) vacuumize during negative pressure applying, floating block freely up and down floats with the change of level of ground water, drive index Pin and high-definition camera synchronously float, and index pin reading h is read in measurement every timeiAnd relative to the elevation of datum mark water-permeable pipe upper end Hzi, by formula Hi=Hzi-hi-hzCorresponding underground water place value H can be drawni, according to the requirement of measurement frequency, repeat step (4), (5), (6) are so as to obtain the real-time change value of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure.
The beneficial effect that is reached of the present invention is:1. measurement apparatus simple structure, it is easy to operate, by image intuitively Measurement level of ground water, it is to avoid error that indirect measurement brings and cumbersome.2. good airproof performance, can quickly and accurately obtain negative Observation of groundwater levels data under the conditions of pressure, overcome the shortcoming of leakage vacuum pressure in conventional observation of groundwater levels method.3. Can real WATER LEVEL CHANGES situation under the conditions of reaction and negative pressure, measure relatively reliable level of ground water data, can be accurate The consolidation effect and engineering progress in solution precompressed region.
Brief description of the drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is that the present invention implements schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic structural view of the invention.
The high-definition camera of 1- water-permeable pipes, 2- floating blocks, 3- pulleys, 4- with light source, 5- wires, 6- fix wire and connect in figure The external display equipment of mouth, 7- tracks, 8- scale labels, 9- indexs pin, 10- top covers, 11- bottoms, 12-, 13- permeability holes, 14- soil Work filter cloth, 15- diaphragm seals
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figure 1 or 2, under a kind of condition of negative pressure of the invention level of ground water visual measuring device, including:Thoroughly Water pipe 1, floating block 2, pulley 3, the high-definition camera 4 with light source, wire 5, fixed conductor interface 6, index pin 9, top cover 10, bottom Lid 11, external display equipment 12, geotechnological filter cloth 14.
Wherein, water-permeable pipe 1 is hollow structure, and full section is embedded in soil, and the lower end of water-permeable pipe 1 is provided with bottom 11 and seals, water-permeable pipe 1 side wall is provided with permeability hole 13 comprehensively, and the outer wall of water-permeable pipe 1 is wrapped up by geotechnological filter cloth 14, and underground water can be allowed to be freely accessible to water-permeable pipe 1 In, the upper end of water-permeable pipe 1 is provided with top cover 10 and seals, and completely cuts off air, keeps the negative pressure state in water-permeable pipe 1, and top cover 10 is embedded in close Under sealer 15.The inwall of water-permeable pipe 1 has bar grooved tracks 7, and the sum of grooved tracks 7 is four, and the inwall circumference along water-permeable pipe 1 is every One is set every 90 degree.Floating block 2 is located in water-permeable pipe 1, and wherein the surrounding of floating block 2 arranges four pulleys 3, and four pulleys 3 set height Degree is identical, and each pulley 3 is embedded in a track 7, the steering of fixed floating block 2, makes the floating block 2 can only be with SEA LEVEL VARIATION freely up and down Float.High-definition camera 4, index pin 9 with light source are fixed on the upper end of floating block 2, the high-definition camera 4 with light source with The direction of index pin 9 is consistent, is directed to set graduated track 7.External display equipment 12 is located at outside water-permeable pipe 1, with light source High-definition camera 4, external display equipment 12 are connected by wire 5 with the fixed conductor interface 6 in the center of top cover 10 respectively, external Display equipment 12 reads level of ground water in water-permeable pipe 1 by the scale that high-definition camera 4 of the display with light source shoots.
In this example, a diameter of 90mm-100mm of water-permeable pipe 1, the height of floating block 2 is 20-25cm, a diameter of 80-90mm.Band There are the high-definition camera 4 of light source, index pin 9 to be fixed on the upper end of floating block 2, wherein, index pin 9 uses light material polystyrene, There is phosphor powder layer on surface, and the high-definition camera 4 for having light source uses microspur high-definition camera, carries LED light source.
The measuring method of the visualization device of level of ground water is measured under condition of negative pressure of the invention, is comprised the following steps:
(1), by the full section of water-permeable pipe 1 embedment hole, made permeable in the predetermined measuring point locating holes in workspace using pore-forming drill The comprehensive permeability hole 13 of the side wall of pipe 1 is all embedded under diaphragm seal 15;
(2) after after the fixation of water-permeable pipe 1, with the inwall of high pressure water washing water-permeable pipe 1, prevent soil particle from influenceing the upper and lower of pulley 3 Slidably;
(3) high-definition camera 4 and index pin 9 with light source are fixed on the upper end of floating block 2, adjust the He of high-definition camera 4 The direction of index pin 9, makes high-definition camera 4 and index pin 9 be directed to the direction of one of pulley 3, places floating block 2 and enters water-permeable pipe 1, the insertion of pulley 3 of the meaning of selective goal pin 9 sets graduated grooved tracks 7, and other pulleys 3 accordingly in embedded track 7, leave In water-permeable pipe 1, be connected wire 5 conductor interface 6, the junction of placement top cover 10 and top pressure closure 10 and water-permeable pipe 1, The external application wire 5 of water-permeable pipe 1 is connected conductor interface 6, and wire 1 is extended to outside diaphragm seal 15, for connecting external display Equipment 12;
(4) underground water by permeability hole 13 enter water-permeable pipe 1, during measurement will carry light source high-definition camera 4 with it is external Display equipment 12 is attached, and after after level of ground water in water-permeable pipe 1 and the position of floating block 2 stabilization, equips 12 by external display and reads The reading of index pin 9;
(5) determine datum mark, negative pressure before applying using the initial of the spirit level measurement upper port of water-permeable pipe 1 outside workspace Absolute altitude Hz0, further according to the vertical range h of index pin 9 to the water surfacezWith the initial reading h of index pin 90Initial level of ground water can be calculated H0=Hz0-h0-hz
(6) vacuumize during negative pressure applying, floating block 2 freely up and down floats with the change of level of ground water, and drive refers to The reading h of index pin 9 is read in marking peg 9 and the synchronous floating of high-definition camera 4, every time measurementiAnd relative to the upper end of datum mark water-permeable pipe 1 Elevation Hzi, by formula Hi=Hzi-hi-hzCorresponding underground water place value H can be drawni, according to the requirement of measurement frequency, repeat to walk Suddenly (4), (5), (6) are so as to obtain the real-time change value of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure.
The undeclared part that is related in the present invention is same as the prior art or is realized using prior art, is not taking off On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications should also regard guarantor of the invention Shield scope.

Claims (1)

1. under a kind of condition of negative pressure level of ground water visualization measurement method, using under condition of negative pressure level of ground water visualization survey Amount device is completed, and the visual measuring device of level of ground water includes water-permeable pipe under the condition of negative pressure, and the water-permeable pipe is hollow Structure, full section is embedded in soil, and water-permeable pipe lower end is provided with bottom, and water-permeable pipe upper end is provided with top cover, and permeable tube side wall is provided with and oozes comprehensively Open-work, permeable tube side wall outer wrap geotechnique filter cloth, top cover is embedded under diaphragm seal during measurement;Floating block is located in water-permeable pipe Portion, at least provided with a grooved tracks, a pulley is embedded in the grooved tracks for water-permeable pipe madial wall longitudinal direction, the pulley with it is floating Block is fixedly connected;One in grooved tracks is provided with scale, scale with water-permeable pipe upper end as zero point, the high-definition camera with light source Head, index pin are fixed on floating block upper end, and the high-definition camera with light source is consistent with index pin direction, is directed to be provided with quarter The track of degree;External display equipment is located at outside water-permeable pipe, is connected with the high-definition camera with light source by wire during measurement,
It is characterised in that it includes following steps:
(1), by water-permeable pipe full section embedment hole, permeable tube side wall is made in the predetermined measuring point locating holes in workspace using pore-forming drill Comprehensive permeability hole is all embedded under diaphragm seal;
(2) after after water-permeable pipe fixation, with the permeable inside pipe wall of high pressure water washing, prevent soil particle from influenceing freely up and down sliding for pulley It is dynamic;
(3) high-definition camera and index pin with light source are fixed on floating block upper end, adjust high-definition camera and index pin side To, high-definition camera and index pin is directed to one of pulley direction, place floating block and enter water-permeable pipe, selective goal pin institute The pulley insertion of finger sets graduated grooved tracks, and other pulleys are accordingly embedded in track, leaves wire in water-permeable pipe, connects The junction of fixed conductor interface, placement top cover and top pressure closure and water-permeable pipe, is connected wire in water-permeable pipe external application wire Interface, and wire is extended to outside diaphragm seal, for connecting external display equipment;
(4) underground water enters water-permeable pipe by permeability hole, by the high-definition camera with light source and external display equipment during measurement It is attached, after after level of ground water in water-permeable pipe and floating block position stabilization, the reading of index pin is read by external display equipment;
(5) determine that datum mark, negative pressure measure the initial absolute altitude of water-permeable pipe upper port using spirit level before applying outside workspace Hz0, further according to the vertical range h of index pin to the water surfacezWith index pin initial reading h0Initial level of ground water H can be calculated0= Hz0-h0-hz
(6) vacuumize negative pressure apply during, floating block freely up and down floats with the change of level of ground water, drive index pin and High-definition camera synchronously floats, and index pin reading h is read in measurement every timeiAnd relative to the elevation H of datum mark water-permeable pipe upper endzi, By formula Hi=Hzi-hi-hzDraw corresponding underground water place value Hi, according to the requirement of measurement frequency, repeat step (4), (5), (6) so as to obtain the real-time change value of level of ground water under condition of negative pressure.
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CN105424139B (en) * 2015-11-05 2018-08-28 河海大学 Level of ground water plugging meter devices and methods therefor based on ultrasonic wave negative pressure
CN106323382A (en) * 2016-09-30 2017-01-11 防城港市水利工程技术管理站 Multifunctional underground water detector
CN107144323B (en) * 2017-05-18 2019-03-08 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Compartment camera shooting type underground water level measurement device and its working method
CN107421599B (en) * 2017-08-15 2020-06-02 上海外经集团控股有限公司 Anti-recharge underground water level monitoring device and operation method
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