CN104296151B - A kind of have trapezoidal fire grate and the hot-blast stove of automatic stoking that V-type is carefully stitched - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slits and a hot blast stove for automatic coal feeding. The fire grate is trapezoidal, and V-shaped slits are arranged on the side walls of the fire grate. Combustion in the middle position, the V-shaped slit is used as the secondary air inlet, and the air entering the combustion area from the V-shaped slit can be the volatile components (including fine coal particles and combustible gaseous substances) produced during the pyrolysis of the coal block. Oxygen is provided by reburning, and it can also be used as overfire air to provide oxygen for its burnout, so that the coal can be burned more fully, thereby improving the efficiency of coal combustion. The grate is a flat plate, which allows more air to enter the furnace at the rear of the middle, which is conducive to the complete combustion of fuel; the furnace door has good sealing and heat preservation, which can prevent hot air from escaping from the furnace door and heat from the furnace door. Scatter, use the automatic coal feeding device to add coal, saving trouble and effort.

Description

A trapezoidal grate with V-shaped slits and a hot blast stove with automatic coal feeding

technical field

The invention relates to an automatic coal-feeding hot air stove for a barn, in particular to an automatic coal-feeding hot air stove suitable for a tobacco leaf barn.

Background technique

At present, most of the heating equipment for flue-cured tobacco barns are processed and manufactured according to the State Tobacco Office [2009] No. 418. The lower part of the row directly enters the air and the upper part directly exhausts the smoke. During the combustion process, the fireman needs to frequently add coal to the furnace. The disadvantage of this kind of combustion chamber is that the grate area is too large. If the spread area is too large, the coal far away from the combustion center will not be fully burned, resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate of coal; the insulation effect of the furnace door is poor, and more heat in the furnace will be released from the furnace door; the refractory bricks laid in the height direction of the furnace body The height is too low, which makes this kind of furnace a furnace that exchanges heat while burning. When the cold wind flows through the furnace body from bottom to top, it takes away too much heat, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the combustion area in the furnace, which makes the fuel burn incompletely, resulting in Chimney exhaust has a high concentration of carbon monoxide. In addition, the outlet of the furnace is relatively large, and the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace is short. The volatile components (including fine coal particles and combustible gaseous substances) produced during the pyrolysis of the coal block are not fully burned in the furnace and will be released with the smoke. The gas is discharged from the furnace, and the flue gas contains a large amount of unburned volatile components and unburned fine coal particles, which will increase the coal consumption of the furnace and reduce the thermal efficiency; when working, it is necessary to have a special person to add coal to the furnace, which is laborious and laborious.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a trapezoidal grate with V-shaped slits and a hot blast stove with automatic coal addition that burns more fully, improves combustion efficiency, reduces coal consumption, and saves trouble and labor.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slits and a hot blast stove with automatic coal charging, including a furnace body, a furnace roof, a furnace door, an ash door, a fire grate, a combustion-supporting blower pipe and an automatic coal charging device. The front upper part of the furnace body, the ash door is set at the front lower part of the furnace body;

The furnace body is a cylindrical shape formed by rolling and welding metal steel plates; a ring-shaped refractory brick flange support ring is fixed along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the furnace body. The inner wall is lined with refractory bricks, and the top of the lining is flush with the top of the cylindrical furnace body;

The furnace roof is arranged on the top of the furnace body, and a flue gas pipe is welded on one side of the furnace roof as the outlet of the flue gas channel, and the outlet of the flue gas channel is a gradual expansion, and a heat exchanger is welded on the other side of the furnace roof The support frame is welded with multiple corrugated fins on the furnace roof;

The fire grate is composed of a bottom fire grate, a support ring and a fire grate side wall. The support ring is arranged on the top outer side of the fire grate side wall and has an integrated structure with the fire grate side wall. The support ring is fixed on the inner wall of the lining, and the bottom The fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the fire grate; the longitudinal section of the fire grate is trapezoidal, and the bottom fire grate is composed of a flat plate and a fire grate. The support frame is provided with a card slot in the middle of each grate metal support frame, and card pins corresponding to the card slots on the grate metal support frame are respectively provided in the middle of the four sides of the bottom grate. The bayonets on the row are inserted into the corresponding slots; the flat plate is close to the furnace door; a plurality of V-shaped slits are arranged on the side wall of the grate, the slits are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the V-shaped slits are perpendicular to the furnace door. The bottom edge of the side wall of the row or form an angle with the bottom edge of the side wall of the grate;

The setting position of the furnace door is higher than the bottom grate, and the setting position of the ash door is lower than the bottom grate;

The automatic coal feeding device includes a coal feeding tube, a spiral coal feeding rod, a conical coal feeding hopper, a speed regulating motor and a guide plate; the coal feeding tube is fixed on the furnace body, and the coal feeding tube communicates with the furnace body. The spiral coal feeding rod is set in the coal feeding cylinder, one end of the spiral coal feeding rod extends to the furnace body, the power output end of the speed regulating motor is connected with the other end of the spiral coal feeding rod, and the conical coal feeding hopper is set Above the coal delivery tube, one end of the guide plate is fixed on the inner wall of the lining and is located below the outlet of the coal delivery tube, and the other end of the guide plate extends obliquely downwards to just above the bottom fire grate.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the furnace door has a double-layer structure, the outer layer is made of steel plates, the inner layer is made of heat-insulating refractory material with a certain thickness, and the inner layer is close to the inner wall of the furnace door.

As another preferred solution of the present invention, the automatic coal charging device is arranged in the middle of the furnace body at an angle of 90 degrees to the furnace door, and the position is higher than the fire grate.

Compared with the prior art, a trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slits of the present invention and a hot blast stove that automatically adds coal have the following advantages:

1. The trapezoidal grate structure is conducive to concentrating the coal in the middle position for combustion. The V-shaped slit is used as the secondary air inlet. Components (including fine coal particles and combustible gaseous substances) provide oxygen for reburning, and can be used as overfire air to provide oxygen for their burnout, so that the coal can be burned more fully, thereby improving the coal combustion efficiency. Since the coal is mainly burned at the rear of the middle of the grate, the grate near the furnace door becomes a flat plate, so that more air enters the rear of the middle of the furnace, which is conducive to the complete combustion of fuel.

2. The furnace door is a double-layer structure, the outer layer is steel plate, and the inner layer is provided with heat-insulating refractory material with a certain thickness. The furnace door with good sealing and heat preservation can prevent hot air from escaping from the furnace door and heat from the furnace door, reducing the heat loss rate.

3. The inner wall of the furnace is lined with refractory bricks of relatively high height, and it is laid at the same height as the furnace body, so that the furnace can only burn and generate high-temperature flue gas without transferring too much heat to the cold air outside the furnace. A real hot blast stove, which is beneficial to keep the combustion temperature in the stove at a higher temperature, so that the fuel can be fully burned.

4. The gradually expanded flue gas channel outlet can reduce the flow velocity of the flue gas, which is beneficial to increase the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace, making it burn more fully and improving the combustion efficiency.

5. The automatic coal feeding device is adopted, and there is no need for a special person to add coal to the furnace, which saves trouble and effort.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slit and the front view of the hot blast stove of automatic coal addition;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stove top;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fire grate;

Fig. 4 is the plane plan view of grate structure;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of furnace door;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the guide plate.

In the attached drawings: 1—spiral coal feeding rod; 2—guiding plate; 3—exit of flue gas channel; 4—furnace roof; 5—fin; 6—support frame of heat exchanger; 7—furnace door; 8—fire grate ; 9—refractory brick flange support ring; 10—ash door; 11—metal support frame for grate; 12—furnace body; 13—combustion blower pipe; 14—inner lining; 15—speed regulating motor; ; 17—conical coal hopper; 18—grate gap; 19—support ring; 20—grate; 21—V-shaped slit; 22—flat plate;

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, a trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slits and a hot blast stove with automatic coal feeding include a furnace body 12, a furnace roof 4, a furnace door 7, an ash door 10, a fire grate 8, and a combustion-supporting blower pipe 13 And the automatic coal feeding device, the furnace door 7 is arranged on the front upper part of the furnace body 12, the ash door 10 is arranged on the front lower part of the furnace body 12, and the combustion-supporting blower pipe is arranged on the bottom of the furnace body 12 and is located below the fire grate 8.

The furnace body 12 is a cylindrical shape formed by rolling and welding metal steel plates, and the bottom is welded with a metal furnace bottom. On the inner wall of the furnace body 12, a ring-shaped refractory brick flange support ring 9 is fixed along the circumferential direction, and above the refractory brick flange support ring 9, refractory bricks are laid along the inner wall of the furnace body 12 as a lining 14. The top of 14 is flush with the top of cylindrical body of heater 12.

The furnace roof 4 is set on the top of the furnace body 12, and the flue gas pipe is welded on one side of the furnace roof 4 as the flue gas channel outlet 3, and the flue gas channel outlet is a gradual expansion, and the heat exchange is welded on the other side The device support frame 6 is also welded with a plurality of corrugated fins 5 on the furnace roof 4, as shown in Figure 2.

Fire grate 8 is made up of bottom fire grate, support ring 19 and fire grate side wall, as shown in Figure 3,4. The support ring 19 is arranged on the top outside of the side wall of the fire grate and has an integrated structure with the side wall of the fire grate, all of which are made of refractory mud, and the bottom fire grate is arranged at the bottom in the side wall of the fire grate. The support ring 19 is fixed on the inner wall of the inner lining 14, that is, a circular support groove is drilled along the refractory brick in the circumferential direction of the inner lining 14, the support ring is placed in the support groove, and the gap between the two is covered with a refractory brick. Apply the mud to fix the fire grate 8 on the lining 14. The longitudinal section of the grate 8 is trapezoidal. The bottom grate is composed of a flat plate 22 and a grate 20. A grate gap 18 is formed between the grate 20. Metal support frames for the grate are respectively welded on the inner bottom surface of the side wall of the grate along the four sides. 11. A card slot is provided in the middle of each grate metal support frame 11, and bayonet pins corresponding to the card slots on the grate metal support frame 11 are respectively provided in the middle of the four sides of the bottom grate. The bayonet pin on the top is inserted into the corresponding slot to limit the movement of the grate 20 in the front, rear, left, and right directions. The bottom grate can be lifted up through the ash door 10, and the bottom grate can be taken out through the furnace door. The flat plate 22 is close to the furnace door 7, and a plurality of V-shaped slits are arranged on the side wall of the fire grate. The V-shaped slits are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The sides form an angle.

The setting position of the furnace door 7 is higher than the bottom grate, and the setting position of the ash door 10 is lower than the bottom grate. Furnace door 7 is a double-layer structure (iron plate layer 24 and thermal insulation layer 23), as shown in Figure 5, the outer layer is steel plate, and the inner layer is made of thermal insulation refractory material with a certain thickness (such as aluminum silicate fiber, etc.) Made, the inner layer is close to the inner wall of the furnace door, and the outer layer with the sealing gasket is fastened to the outer wall of the furnace door.

The automatic coal feeding device is arranged on the right middle part of the furnace body 12, and forms an angle of 90 degrees with the furnace door 7, and the position is higher than the fire grate 8. The automatic coal feeding device includes a coal feeding cylinder 16, a spiral coal feeding rod 1, a conical coal feeding hopper 17, a speed regulating motor 15 and a guide plate 2. The coal feeding tube 16 is fixedly arranged on the furnace body 12, the coal feeding tube 16 communicates with the inside of the furnace body 12, the spiral coal feeding rod 1 is arranged in the coal feeding tube 16, and one end of the spiral coal feeding rod 1 extends into the furnace body 12, The power output end of the speed-regulating motor 15 is connected with the other end of the screw coal feeding rod 1 , and the conical coal feeding bucket 17 is arranged above the coal feeding cylinder 16 . The structure of the guide plate 2 is shown in Figure 6. One end of the guide plate 2 is fixed on the inner wall of the inner lining 14 and is located below the outlet of the coal feeding cylinder 16, and the other end of the guide plate 2 extends obliquely downward to the front of the bottom grate. above. The coal is sent out of the coal delivery cylinder through the spiral coal rod, and then slides down from the guide plate. The coal falls just in the middle of the grate, and burns on the grate, and the air is drawn into the ash chamber under the grate by the blower. , and then enter the combustion area, contact with the coal on the grate to make it burn; the smoke generated by the coal combustion flows out from the opening of the smoke channel.

The automatic coal feeding device has a PLC control system, and the control of automatic coal feeding is mainly based on the temperature in the barn. By automatically monitoring the temperature in the barn and drawing the temperature curve, it can correctly analyze the time of coal addition. When the actual temperature in the barn is lower than the temperature set by the system, the automatic coal feeding device starts to start feeding coal, and before the automatic coal feeding device is turned on, the blower is turned on 5 to 10 seconds in advance.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slits and a hot blast stove for automatic coal feeding, comprising a furnace body (12), a furnace top (4), a furnace door (7), an ash door (10), a fire grate (8 ) and combustion-supporting blower pipe (13), the furnace door (7) is arranged on the front upper part of the furnace body (12), and the ash door (10) is arranged on the front lower part of the furnace body (12), it is characterized in that: it also includes an automatic Coaling device; The furnace body (12) is a cylindrical shape formed by rolling and welding metal steel plates; a ring-shaped refractory brick flange support ring (9) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (12) along the circumferential direction. The top of the blue supporting ring (9) is laid with refractory bricks along the inwall of the body of heater (12) as the lining (14), and the top of the lining (14) is flush with the top of the cylindrical body of heater (12); The furnace roof (4) is arranged on the top of the furnace body (12), and a flue gas pipe is welded on one side of the furnace roof (4) as a flue gas channel outlet (3), and the flue gas channel outlet is a gradually flared mouth , welding a heat exchanger support frame (6) on the other side of the furnace roof (4), and welding a plurality of corrugated fins (5) on the furnace roof (4); The fire grate (8) is composed of a bottom fire grate, a support ring (19) and a fire grate side wall, and the support ring (19) is arranged on the top outside of the fire grate side wall and has an integrated structure with the fire grate side wall, both of which are Made of refractory mud, the support ring (19) is fixed on the inner wall of the lining (14), and the bottom fire grate is arranged on the bottom in the fire grate side wall; the longitudinal section of the fire grate (8) is trapezoidal, so The bottom fire grate is composed of a flat plate (22) and a fire grate (20). The metal support frame (11) of the fire grate is respectively welded on the inner bottom surface of the side wall of the fire grate along the four sides, and each metal support frame of the fire grate (11) A card slot is arranged in the middle, and card pins corresponding to the card slots on the grate metal support frame (11) are respectively set in the middle of the four sides of the bottom grate, and the card pins on the bottom grate are inserted into corresponding card pins. In the groove, the flat plate (22) is close to the furnace door (7); a plurality of V-shaped slits are arranged on the side wall of the grate, the slits are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the V-shaped slits are perpendicular to the side wall of the grate. The bottom edge or the bottom edge of the grate side wall form an angle; The setting position of the furnace door (7) is higher than the bottom fire grate, and the setting position of the ash door (10) is lower than the bottom fire grate; The automatic coal feeding device includes a coal feeding tube (16), a spiral coal feeding rod (1), a conical coal feeding bucket (17), a speed regulating motor (15) and a guide plate (2); the coal feeding tube ( 16) Fixedly installed on the furnace body (12), the coal feeding cylinder (16) communicates with the inside of the furnace body (12), the spiral coal feeding rod (1) is arranged in the coal feeding cylinder (16), and the spiral coal feeding rod One end of (1) extends into the furnace body (12), the power output end of the speed-regulating motor (15) is connected with the other end of the spiral coal feeding rod (1), and the conical coal hopper (17) is set Above the coal delivery tube (16), one end of the guide plate (2) is fixed on the inner wall of the lining (14) and is located below the outlet of the coal delivery tube (16), and the other end of the guide plate (2) is inclined extending down to just above the bottom grate; The furnace door (7) is a double-layer structure, the outer layer is steel plate, the inner layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber with a certain thickness, and the inner layer is close to the inner wall of the furnace door. 2. A kind of trapezoidal fire grate with V-shaped slits according to claim 1 and a hot blast stove with automatic coal charging, characterized in that: the automatic coal charging device is arranged at the middle position of the furnace body (12), And form an angle of 90 degrees with the fire door (7), and the position is higher than the fire grate (8).