CN104280290A - Device for testing stress-strain of plastic concrete/mortar and use method of device - Google Patents
Device for testing stress-strain of plastic concrete/mortar and use method of device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104280290A CN104280290A CN201410504486.2A CN201410504486A CN104280290A CN 104280290 A CN104280290 A CN 104280290A CN 201410504486 A CN201410504486 A CN 201410504486A CN 104280290 A CN104280290 A CN 104280290A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for testing stress-strain of plastic concrete/mortar. The device comprises a forcemeter a, a forcemeter b, a laser displacement sensor c, a laser displacement sensor d, a force transmission unit, a laser target unit, a data acquirer and a die, wherein the forcemeter a and the forcemeter b are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the die; the laser target unit and the force transmission unit are arranged in an inner cavity of the die; the laser displacement sensor c and the laser displacement sensor d are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the top of the die; the data acquirer is connected with the laser displacement sensor c and the laser displacement sensor d respectively through circuits. Compared with the prior art, the device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in test precision, can automatically and continuously test the stress and the strain in the concrete/mortar in any stage from the moment of pouring, and the practicability is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of civil engineering, relate to a kind of device and using method thereof of testing plastic concrete or mortar ess-strain.
Background technology
The pucker & bloat of plastic concrete or mortar is the main cause causing cracking.The crackle of concrete/mortar again with the condition that is tied of its distortion about: free free shrink makes the particle of concrete/mortar inside adjacent to each other, has no adverse effect to concrete/mortar performance, also can not crack.Free free expansion also can not produce cracking, but concrete/mortar internal particle spacing increases, and make short texture, this is unfavorable to concrete/mortar intensity.
In practical situations both, the pucker & bloat of concrete/mortar is all subject to outside in various degree and internal constraint.Be subject under external constraint, the pass between the tensile stress sigma produced in the drawdown deformation process of concrete/mortar and strain stress is σ=ε E, and in formula, E is the elastic modulus of concrete/mortar.And drawdown deformation comprises drying shrinkage, plastic shrinkage, self-constriction and temperature deformation.When tension is greater than tensile strength (f
p) time, concrete/mortar ftractures.In the aquation, hardening process of concrete/mortar, f
pincrease with respective speed with E.The splitting resistance of various concrete/mortar in its firm time process not only depends on f
pand the size of drawdown deformation, also depend on f
pwith the ratio of E, i.e. f
p/ E.
The free-revving engine understanding these mechanical properties in length of time morning is the early-age crack predicting concrete/mortar based on material science, and finally serves Structural Engineering.The test of early mechanics characteristics often than morning length of time hydration process test more difficult because each mechanics parameter of test period can often ceaselessly change.Because the adaptability to changes of early concrete/mortar is very little, it is more responsive to the change of internal stress, and early-age shrinkage easily brings out the generation of crackle.But at present very few to the research of early concrete/mortar stress-strain test, dependence test device rarely has report.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and a kind of device and using method thereof of testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain are provided, mainly utilize non-contacting Laser Displacement sensor and device for measuring force to test the stress-strain curve of early concrete/mortar mecystasis.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain, this device comprises dynamometer a, dynamometer b, laser displacement sensor c, laser displacement sensor d, power transmission unit, laser target unit, data acquisition unit and mould, the described mould left and right sides is respectively equipped with dynamometer a, dynamometer b, described laser target unit, power transmission unit is all arranged in the inner chamber of mould, the two ends, left and right of described die top are respectively equipped with laser displacement sensor c and laser displacement sensor d, described data acquisition unit by circuit respectively with dynamometer a, dynamometer b, laser displacement sensor c and laser displacement sensor d is connected.
Described laser target unit comprises laser target e and laser target f, and described laser target e, laser target f are symmetricly set on the two ends, left and right of dies cavity respectively.
On described laser target e, laser target f, equal symmetry is laid with multiple circular port, in order to reduce the placement of laser target e and laser target f to the impact of concrete/mortar entirety.
Described power transmission unit comprises force transmitting board m, force transmitting board n, transmission rod h and transmission rod k, and described force transmitting board m is connected with dynamometer a by transmission rod h, and described force transmitting board n is connected with dynamometer b by transmission rod k.
Described force transmitting board m is arranged between laser target e and mould left plate, and described force transmitting board n is arranged between laser target f and mould right plate.
Described transmission rod h one end is arranged on force transmitting board m, and the other end is connected with dynamometer a through mould left plate, and described transmission rod k one end is arranged on force transmitting board n, and the other end is connected with dynamometer b through mould right plate.
When described transmission rod is connected with dynamometer, first transmission rod and dynamometer pull bar are bound with copper wire, and cement with instant glue, dynamometer is fixed on base, in case sliding stop.
On described force transmitting board m, force transmitting board n, equal symmetry is laid with multiple circular port, in order to reduce the placement of force transmitting board m and force transmitting board n to the impact of concrete/mortar entirety.
Test a using method for plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain device, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(A) first in the inner chamber of mould, lay layer of plastic film, force transmitting board m, force transmitting board n are separately fixed at the two ends, left and right of dies cavity, and transmission rod h, transmission rod k are arranged on force transmitting board m and force transmitting board n respectively;
(B) laser target e, laser target f are symmetricly set on respectively the two ends, left and right of dies cavity, and record the distance between laser target e and laser target f;
(C) slurry to be measured is evenly inserted in the inner chamber of mould, and constantly plug and pound slurry and make it evenly closely knit, after floating with spatula, then cover layer of plastic film, in case the dehydration of grouting material;
(D) dynamometer a, dynamometer b are placed on base also fixing, then are connected with transmission rod h, transmission rod k respectively;
(E) laser displacement sensor c, laser displacement sensor d are separately fixed at the two ends, left and right of die top by screw, and connected by circuit and data acquisition unit, adjustment laser displacement sensor c, laser displacement sensor d make both be radiated on laser target e and laser target f respectively by light source, meanwhile, the reading of dynamometer a and dynamometer b is reset;
(F) open laser displacement sensor c, laser displacement sensor d, dynamometer a and dynamometer b simultaneously, synchronize them counting, according to slurry hydration age, every 15min synchronous recording stress, strain over time, until stress, strain are tending towards constant, namely test.
In step (A), in the inner chamber of mould, lay layer of plastic film, be mainly used in preventing moisture in slurry from oozing out and preventing sticking to mould.
In step (A), force transmitting board m, force transmitting board n keep equal distance with mould left plate, mould right plate respectively, in order to reduce error during test differential contraction stress.
Slurry needs to complete in 30min to test from adding water.
Data acquisition period, keeps mould and laser displacement sensor c, laser displacement sensor d to immobilize, and meanwhile, keeps mould and dynamometer a, the position of dynamometer b fixes, and avoid being subject to the interference such as extraneous vibration.
Stress calculation formula is σ=F/A, and wherein F is load/N, F is both sides convergent force sums; A is lifting surface area/m
2, i.e. the area of force transmitting board m or force transmitting board n.
Strain calculation formula is ε=(L
0-L)/L
0, wherein L
0for the original gauge length of sample; L is the length after sample deformation, and deformation quantity is the contraction displacement sum of both sides.
Concrete/mortar to be measured is mainly evenly inserted in mould by the present invention, convergent force passes to dynamometer by power transmission unit, shrink deformation quantity to be recorded by laser displacement sensor, then, just can draw the stress and strain of the front concrete/mortar of sclerosis according to the computing formula of stress, strain.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
1) laser displacement sensor owing to adopting all is connected with data acquisition unit by circuit with dynamometer, this device can Automatic continuous test concrete/mortar from building the moment, the stress and strain in slurry inner length of time arbitrarily, thus can early the length of time, ess-strain mechanism be studied to concrete/mortar, this is also for good test basis established by the more excellent Crack-resistant cement concrete of research and development performance or mortar;
2) owing to adopting high-precision laser displacement sensor to test the contraction deformation quantity of concrete/mortar, and adopt dynamometer to test the convergent force of concrete/mortar, effectively can improve measuring accuracy;
3) laser target, the equal symmetry of force transmitting board owing to adopting are laid with multiple circular port, effectively can reduce laser target, force transmitting board to the impact of fresh concrete/mortar entirety;
4) owing to adopting data acquisition unit to carry out data acquisition to laser displacement sensor and dynamometer simultaneously, can ensure that the change of concrete/mortar contraction and convergent force is synchronous.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation testing the device of plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the stress/strain-time curve of Polymer-Modified Mortar;
Fig. 3 is the stress/strain-time curve of plain cement mortar;
Fig. 4 is the stress-strain curve of Polymer-Modified Mortar;
Fig. 5 is the stress-strain curve of plain cement mortar;
Description of symbols in figure:
1-dynamometer a, 2-dynamometer b, 3-laser displacement sensor c, 4-laser displacement sensor d, 5-force transmitting board m, 6-force transmitting board n, 7-laser target e, 8-laser target f, 9-data acquisition unit, 10-mould, 11-mould left plate, 12-mould right plate, 13-screw, 14-base, 15-transmission rod h, 16-transmission rod k.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar stress-strain, this device comprises dynamometer a1, dynamometer b2, laser displacement sensor c3, laser displacement sensor d4, power transmission unit, laser target unit, data acquisition unit 9 and mould 10, mould 10 left and right sides is respectively equipped with dynamometer a1, dynamometer b2, laser target unit, power transmission unit is all arranged in the inner chamber of mould 10, the two ends, left and right at mould 10 top are respectively equipped with laser displacement sensor c3 and laser displacement sensor d4, data acquisition unit 9 by circuit respectively with dynamometer a1, dynamometer b2, laser displacement sensor c3 and laser displacement sensor d4 is connected.
Laser target unit comprises laser target e7 and laser target f8, and wherein, laser target e7, laser target f8 are symmetricly set on the two ends, left and right of mould 10 inner chamber respectively.On laser target e7, laser target f8, equal symmetry is laid with multiple circular port, in order to reduce the placement of laser target e7 and laser target f8 to the impact of concrete/mortar entirety.
Power transmission unit comprises force transmitting board m5, force transmitting board n6, transmission rod h15 and transmission rod k16, and force transmitting board m5 is connected with dynamometer a1 by transmission rod h15, and force transmitting board n6 is connected with dynamometer b2 by transmission rod k16.
Force transmitting board m5 is arranged between laser target e7 and mould left plate 11, and force transmitting board n6 is arranged between laser target f8 and mould right plate 12.
Transmission rod h15 one end is arranged on force transmitting board m5, and the other end is connected with dynamometer a1 through mould left plate 11, and transmission rod k16 one end is arranged on force transmitting board n6, and the other end is connected with dynamometer b2 through mould right plate 12.
When transmission rod is connected with dynamometer, first transmission rod and dynamometer pull bar are bound with copper wire, and cement with instant glue, dynamometer is fixed on base 14, in case sliding stop.
On force transmitting board m5, force transmitting board n6, equal symmetry is laid with multiple circular port, in order to reduce the placement of force transmitting board m5 and force transmitting board n6 to the impact of concrete/mortar entirety.
In the present embodiment, a kind of using method of testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain device, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(A) first in the inner chamber of mould 10, lay layer of plastic film, force transmitting board m5, force transmitting board n6 are separately fixed at the two ends, left and right of mould 10 inner chamber, and transmission rod h15, transmission rod k16 are arranged on force transmitting board m5 and force transmitting board n6 respectively;
(B) laser target e7, laser target f8 are symmetricly set on respectively the two ends, left and right of mould 10 inner chamber, and record the distance between laser target e7 and laser target f8;
(C) slurry to be measured is evenly inserted in the inner chamber of mould 10, and constantly plug and pound slurry and make it evenly closely knit, after floating with spatula, then cover layer of plastic film;
(D) dynamometer a1, dynamometer b2 are placed on base 14 also fixing, then are connected with transmission rod h15, transmission rod k16 respectively;
(E) laser displacement sensor c3, laser displacement sensor d4 are separately fixed at the two ends, left and right at mould 10 top by screw 13, and connected by circuit and data acquisition unit 9, adjustment laser displacement sensor c3, laser displacement sensor d4 make both be radiated on laser target e7 and laser target f8 respectively by light source, meanwhile, the reading of dynamometer a1 and dynamometer b2 is reset;
(F) open laser displacement sensor c3, laser displacement sensor d4, dynamometer a1 and dynamometer b2 simultaneously, synchronize them counting, according to slurry hydration age, every 15min synchronous recording stress, strain over time, until stress, strain are tending towards constant, namely test.
In step (A), in the inner chamber of mould 10, lay layer of plastic film, be mainly used in preventing moisture in slurry from oozing out and preventing sticking to mould.
In step (A), force transmitting board m5, force transmitting board n6 keep equal distance with mould left plate 11, mould right plate 12 respectively, in order to reduce the error of test differential contraction stress.
Slurry needs to complete in 30min to test from adding water.
Data acquisition period, keeps mould 10 and laser displacement sensor c3, laser displacement sensor d4 to immobilize, and meanwhile, keeps mould 10 and dynamometer a1, the position of dynamometer b2 fixes, and avoid being subject to the interference such as extraneous vibration.
Stress calculation formula is σ=F/A, and wherein F is load/N, F is both sides convergent force sums; A is lifting surface area/m
2, i.e. the area of force transmitting board m5 or force transmitting board n6.
Strain calculation formula is ε=(L
0-L)/L
0, wherein L
0for the original gauge length of sample; L is the length after sample deformation, and deformation quantity is the contraction displacement sum of both sides.
The slurry of concrete/mortar to be measured is evenly inserted in mould 10, convergent force passes to dynamometer by power transmission unit, shrink deformation quantity to be recorded by laser displacement sensor, then, just can draw the stress and strain of the front concrete/mortar of sclerosis according to the computing formula of stress, strain.
In the present embodiment, mould 10 is of a size of 100mm × 100mm × 515mm, and the length of side of force transmitting board m5, force transmitting board n6 is 5cm, on each force transmitting board, symmetry is laid with 4 circular ports respectively, and the diameter of each circular port is 1.8cm, therefore, in Stress calculation formula, area A is 14.82cm
2.Distance between laser target e7 and laser target f8 is 275mm.
Adopt PO42.5R cement, modulus of fineness is thin yellow ground in 2.43, and EVA latex powder prepares Polymer-Modified Mortar, sample adopts match ratio to be W/C=0.38, cement-sand ratio=1: 2, EVA latex powder volume is 15%, prepares one group of plain cement mortar specimen in addition and carries out contrast test.Then, adopt proving installation and the method for the present embodiment, test the stress and strain of mortar.In whole experimentation, temperature maintains 20 ± 3 DEG C, and humidity maintains 60 ± 5%.
The stress-strain test of polymer-modified mortar the results are shown in Figure 2 and Fig. 4, and the stress-strain test of plain cement mortar the results are shown in Figure 3 and Fig. 5.
Shown in Fig. 2 ~ 5, rule is closely similar over time for the stress/strain of two kinds of mortars, illustrates that this contrive equipment design comparison is reasonable.Curve presents the situation increasing and stagnate and mutually alternately occur successively, and Polymer-Modified Mortar shows as three phases, and plain cement mortar shows as double teacher.In addition, when EVA volume is 15%, the tendency of stress, strain two curves is comparatively pressed close to, and the growth namely strained is more synchronous with the growth of stress.
These two phenomenons can illustrate that EVA latex powder has good result to suppressing the shrinkage cracking of mortar well.When EVA volume is 0% and 15%, early the length of time, stress-strain curve all can be roughly divided into two changes phases for it, and variation tendency is substantially identical.When dependent variable is increased in 0.013%, the stress and strain of the two presents good linear relationship σ=ε E (in formula, E is modulus of elasticity of concrete), now E2 (when EVA volume is 15%) reduces 45% than E1 (when EVA volume is 0%), represents that the bullet mould of EVA modified mortar declines to some extent.May be because the existence of EVA improves the water-retaining property of mortar, thus the existence of moisture reduces the elastic modulus of the discontinuous polyethylene compound film that the EVA emulsion that has neither part nor lot in hydrolysis reaction is formed, and makes it low compared with the elastic modulus of hardening of cement body.
Therefore, adopt proving installation of the present invention and method, easily and accurately can detect the stress and strain in the slurry inner length of time arbitrarily, can early the length of time, ess-strain mechanism be studied to mortar, this is also for the more excellent anticracking grout of research and development performance or concrete are had laid a good foundation.
Claims (7)
1. test the device of plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain for one kind, it is characterized in that, this device comprises dynamometer a (1), dynamometer b (2), laser displacement sensor c (3), laser displacement sensor d (4), power transmission unit, laser target unit, data acquisition unit (9) and mould (10), described mould (10) left and right sides is respectively equipped with dynamometer a (1), dynamometer b (2), described laser target unit, power transmission unit is all arranged in the inner chamber of mould (10), the two ends, left and right at described mould (10) top are respectively equipped with laser displacement sensor c (3) and laser displacement sensor d (4), described data acquisition unit (9) by circuit respectively with dynamometer a (1), dynamometer b (2), laser displacement sensor c (3) and laser displacement sensor d (4) is connected.
2. a kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser target unit comprises laser target e (7) and laser target f (8), described laser target e (7), laser target f (8) are symmetricly set on the two ends, left and right of mould (10) inner chamber respectively, and the upper equal symmetry of laser target e (7) and laser target f (8) is laid with multiple circular port.
3. a kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described power transmission unit comprises force transmitting board m (5), force transmitting board n (6), transmission rod h (15) and transmission rod k (16), described force transmitting board m (5) is connected with dynamometer a (1) by transmission rod h (15), and described force transmitting board n (6) is connected with dynamometer b (2) by transmission rod k (16).
4. a kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described force transmitting board m (5) is arranged between laser target e (7) and mould left plate (11), and described force transmitting board n (6) is arranged between laser target f (8) and mould right plate (12).
5. a kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, described transmission rod h (15) one end is arranged on force transmitting board m (5), the other end is connected with dynamometer a (1) through mould left plate (11), described transmission rod k (16) one end is arranged on force transmitting board n (6), and the other end is connected with dynamometer b (2) through mould right plate (12).
6. a kind of device testing plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the upper equal symmetry of described force transmitting board m (5), force transmitting board n (6) is laid with multiple circular port.
7. test a using method for plastic concrete/mortar ess-strain device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(A) first in the inner chamber of mould (10), layer of plastic film is laid, force transmitting board m (5), force transmitting board n (6) are separately fixed at the two ends, left and right of mould (10) inner chamber, and transmission rod h (15), transmission rod k (16) are arranged on respectively force transmitting board m (5) with on force transmitting board n (6);
(B) laser target e (7), laser target f (8) are symmetricly set on respectively the two ends, left and right of mould (10) inner chamber, and record the distance between laser target e (7) and laser target f (8);
(C) slurry to be measured is evenly inserted in the inner chamber of mould (10), and constantly plug and pound slurry and make it evenly closely knit, after floating with spatula, then cover layer of plastic film;
(D) dynamometer a (1), dynamometer b (2) are placed in base (14) and go up and fix, then be connected with transmission rod h (15), transmission rod k (16) respectively;
(E) laser displacement sensor c (3), laser displacement sensor d (4) are separately fixed at the two ends, left and right at mould (10) top by screw (13), and connected by circuit and data acquisition unit (9), adjustment laser displacement sensor c (3), laser displacement sensor d (4) make both be radiated on laser target e (7) and laser target f (8) respectively by light source, meanwhile, the reading of dynamometer a (1) and dynamometer b (2) is reset;
(F) open laser displacement sensor c (3), laser displacement sensor d (4), dynamometer a (1) and dynamometer b (2) simultaneously, synchronize them counting, according to slurry hydration age, every 15min synchronous recording stress, strain over time, until stress, strain are tending towards constant, namely test.
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Inventor after: Liu Sifeng Inventor after: Wang Peiming Inventor after: Wan Tingting Inventor before: Liu Sifeng Inventor before: Wang Peiming Inventor before: Wan Tingting |