CN104270192A - Optical fiber fault locator and use method thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber fault locator and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104270192A CN104270192A CN201410484755.3A CN201410484755A CN104270192A CN 104270192 A CN104270192 A CN 104270192A CN 201410484755 A CN201410484755 A CN 201410484755A CN 104270192 A CN104270192 A CN 104270192A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber fault locator and a use method thereof. The optical fiber fault locator comprises an ARM controller, a site programmable gate array, a Fabry-Perot pulse laser device and an optical circulator which are sequentially connected. The second port of the optical circulator is connected with an optical fiber to be tested. The third port of the optical circulator is sequentially connected with an avalanche photodiode, a signal conditioning module and the site programmable gate array. The optical fiber fault locator is high in portability, high in positioning accuracy and capable of rapidly and accurately detecting the position of a fault point of the optical fiber and cable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical communication test instrumentation field, more precisely, relate to a kind of optical fiber barrier finder.
Background technology
Along with the continuous propelling of Chinese Urbanization, the Cable's Fault caused by factors such as road and bridge construction, pipe laying and artificial destructions gets more and more, in addition the optical cable laid in early days is day by day aging, Frequent Troubles, traditional fault location mode length consuming time, use inconvenience, positioning precision is low, by carrying out monitoring analysis to fiber optic network thus investigating fault fast, shorten failure recovery time, have more and more higher value to telecommunications industry.
Inevitably there are some fault points in optical fiber link, some fusion point can bring comparatively high attenuation; Extraneous stress can cause the overbending of optical fiber to cause mould field not mated, and loses luminous power; Flexible jumper is not fully aimed at also can bring comparatively lossy; The plane of disruption in optical fiber can cause refractive index do not mate and produce stronger Fresnel reflection.The principle of Cable's Fault location is injected in testing fiber optical cable by high power burst pulse light signal, if when there is fusion point, flexible jumper, the plane of disruption, bending or tail end in optical fiber, will backscattering be produced and turn back to input, the position one_to_one corresponding of the moment that the echo pulse signal detected at optic fibre input end occurs and each event of failure point in optical fiber, therefore the position of event of failure point was obtained by the interval time of transmission pulse and received pulse.
OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) cost be widely used at present is high, volume is large, and user is difficult to bear, and optical fiber barrier finder has more wide market application foreground as the simplification version of OTDR in engineering.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the high long-distance optical fiber barrier finder of a kind of good portability, positioning precision and using method thereof, and the present invention detects the position of optical fiber cable fault point fast accurately by powerful analytical method.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: optical fiber barrier finder, comprise the ARM controller, field programmable gate array, Fabry-Perot pulse laser, the optical circulator that are connected successively, second port of optical circulator is connected with testing fiber, and the 3rd port of optical circulator is connected successively with avalanche photodide, Signal-regulated kinase, field programmable gate array.
Described optical fiber barrier finder, Signal-regulated kinase comprises the pre-amplification circuit, the analog to digital conversion circuit that are connected successively, and pre-amplification circuit is connected with avalanche photodide, and analog to digital conversion circuit is connected with field programmable gate array.
Described optical fiber barrier finder, be connected to drive circuit for laser between field programmable gate array and Fabry-Perot pulse laser, avalanche photodide is connected to bias control circuit.
Described optical fiber barrier finder, ARM controller is connected to liquid crystal touch display screen.
Described optical fiber barrier finder, whole optical fiber barrier finder provides power supply by power management module.
Described optical fiber barrier finder, field programmable gate array adopts model to be the chip of EP4CE15F17C8N, which is provided with RS232, AS (active arrangement), jtag port, and be connected with high speed crystal oscillator (frequency 50MHz) with ARM controller (model is STM32).
Described optical fiber barrier finder, pre-amplification circuit comprises connected photoelectric switching circuit and differential circuit, and photoelectric switching circuit is connected with avalanche photodide, and differential circuit is connected with analog to digital conversion circuit, and analog to digital conversion circuit adopts high-speed comparator.
Described optical fiber barrier finder, drive circuit for laser comprises connected switching circuit (chip model is IC-HK) and protective circuit, and switching circuit is connected with Fabry-Perot pulse laser.
The using method of optical fiber barrier finder, field programmable gate array produces the electric impulse signal trigger laser drive circuit of multiple pulsewidth, Fabry-Perot pulse laser is made to send the pulsed light of specific width, then testing fiber is injected into by circulator, light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication by the optical signals avalanche photodide of returning through back scattering, complete the reception of light signal dorsad, the electric current of the signal of telecommunication carries out current-voltage conversion through photoelectric switching circuit, then through the sudden change of differential circuit amplifying signal, convert the analog signal of input to echo impulse digital signal by high-speed comparator to detect for field programmable gate array, field programmable gate array calculates from sending pulse to the interval time receiving echo impulse, correspond to the position of fault point interval time.
Described method, the method for field programmable gate array localization of faults position comprises: field programmable gate array goes out the repeatability of now and noise according to signal echo pulse and goes out the randomness of now and carry out denoising, then carries out position calculation;
The method of denoising: counting when the high-speed counter of field programmable gate array sends electric impulse signal from its transmitting terminal, obtains the time delay of each echo impulse, the time delay of each echo impulse detected stored; And then send multiple pulses signal, timing repeatedly and storing process, suppose that the number of times that the time delay interval that certain fault point echo impulse is corresponding occurs is C, and noise echo impulse is owing to having randomness, so the moment distribution occurred is very scattered, in each interval cumulative result of correspondence much smaller than C, according to the echo impulse extracting fault point after this method denoising;
The method of abort situation is calculated: the time interval of setting the high-speed counter of field programmable gate array at every turn to count is determined by following formula as t, the relation of the count value Interval of the two-way time delay delay of echo impulse and the counter of pulse detection module according to fault point echo impulse:
delay＝t·Interval
Then the relation of the position L of fault point and the two-way time delay delay of echo impulse is shown below:
In formula, c is the light velocity, and n is testing fiber refractive index;
Namely position of failure point L is obtained thus.
The invention has the advantages that: power module of the present invention has lithium cell charging management function, instrument has longer cruising time; Dynamic range reaches 80km, and can realize the location to reflection and non-reflective event of failure, positioning precision is high, dependable performance, reproducible, operating in a key simultaneously, and single measurement can detect nearly 8 fault points.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention includes: ARM controller, FPGA, Fabry-Perot pulse laser, avalanche photodide, Signal-regulated kinase, liquid crystal touch display screen, optical circulator and power management module, described FPGA produces narrow spaces cyclic pulse signal and drives Fabry-Perot pulse laser, testing fiber is injected through described optical circulator, the opto-electronic conversion of rear orientation light is completed by described avalanche photodide, and through described Signal-regulated kinase, the signal of telecommunication is amplified, differential, analog-to-digital conversion, and complete collection to back scattering pulse and data processing by described FPGA, fault location result is sent to described ARM controller, and by described liquid crystal touch display screen finishing man-machine interaction.Described power module has lithium cell charging management function, and cruising time is long.The present invention is connected with testing fiber by flange, realizes single-ended nondestructive measurement, nearly 8 displays, and measuring speed is fast, easy to carry, and dependable performance is reproducible.
Principle of the present invention is: FPGA produces the electric impulse signal of multiple pulsewidth, and (pulsewidth has 20ns, 40ns, 100ns, 1us, 10us, 100us) trigger impulse drive circuit for laser, Fabry-Perot pulse laser is made to send the pulsed light of specific width, then testing fiber is injected into by circulator, light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication by the optical signals APD avalanche photodide of returning through back scattering, complete the reception of light signal dorsad, photoelectric current carries out current-voltage conversion through high bandwidth photoelectric switching circuit, then through the sudden change of differential circuit amplifying signal, convert the analog signal of input to digital signal by high-speed comparator to detect for FPGA, FPGA calculates from sending pulse to the interval time receiving echo impulse, correspond to the position of fault point interval time.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
Be the STM32F103VCT6 of Low Power High Performance see the ARM controller model in Fig. 1, figure, the present invention includes: ARM controller, FPGA, Fabry-Perot pulse laser, APD avalanche photodide, Signal-regulated kinase, liquid crystal touch display screen, optical circulator and power module, (pulsewidth has 20ns to the electric impulse signal of FPGA generation distinct pulse widths, 40ns, 100ns, 1us, 10us, 100us) trigger 1550nm pulse laser drive circuit, Fabry-Perot pulse laser is made to send the pulsed light of specific width, then testing fiber is injected into by optical circulator, light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication by the optical signals APD avalanche photodide of returning through back scattering, complete the reception of light signal dorsad, photoelectric current carries out current-voltage conversion through high bandwidth photoelectric switching circuit, then through the sudden change of differential circuit amplifying signal, convert the analog signal of input to digital signal by high-speed comparator to detect for FPGA, FPGA calculates from sending pulse to the interval time receiving echo impulse, correspond to the position of fault point interval time.Software section obtains the active position information of fault point after carrying out denoising, test result is sent to ARM controller by serial ports by FPGA, and ARM controller will be sought barrier result by liquid crystal touch display screen and be shown.
See Fig. 2, for making optical fiber barrier finder, there is great dynamic range, Fabry-Perot pulse laser should export high-peak power, and the present invention adopts Special pulse laser driving chip modulation method Fabry-Perot-type pulse laser, makes its light pulse peak power higher than 70mW.The signal to be detected of returning from remote fiber reflection is very faint, the pulsewidth of this signal is minimum is only 20ns, Signal-regulated kinase has large signal to noise ratio and high workload bandwidth, the effect of differential circuit is the sudden change of amplifying backscattering light signal, what optical fiber barrier finder needed to detect is exactly the sudden change of backscattering light intensity, decay events correspond to weakening suddenly of backscattering light intensity, and reflection event then correspond to the unexpected enhancing of backscattering light intensity.FPGA adopts the EP4CE15F17C8N of Cyclone IV series, and core operating frequency is 200MHz, and the sampling interval is only 5ns, ensures to there will not be " leak and gather ", and positioning precision is very high.Power module adopts lithium battery charging management circuit to improve the cruising time of instrument, and energy-conserving and environment-protective more.
For adapting to the testing requirement of different length optical fiber link, we adopt FPGA to export the light pulse of 6 kinds of distinct pulse widths, are respectively 20ns, 40ns, 100ns, 1us, 10us, 100us.High speed timer is used to obtain echo impulse and the time delay sending pulse in theory, the positional information of event of failure point just can be calculated according to the relation of fiber lengths and time delay, but export to the signal of FPGA detection after being through high-speed comparator digitlization except signal echo pulse, also has a large amount of noise echo impulses, the thinking of software section denoising is: when injecting repeatedly light pulse to testing fiber, the moment of the appearance of signal echo pulse has repeatability, and the moment that noise occurs is completely random.High-speed counter counting from transmitting terminal sends pulse of FPGA, obtains the time delay of each echo impulse, the time delay of each echo impulse detected is stored.And then send 255 light pulses, repeat the timing before 255 times and storing process, suppose certain signal echo pulse corresponding time delay interval occur number of times be C, and noise echo impulse is owing to having randomness, so the moment distribution occurred is very scattered, in each interval cumulative result of correspondence much smaller than C, according to the positional information that can extract fault point after this algorithm denoising.
The present invention for successfully completing the test to multiple different length G.652 monomode fiber, and measuring range is 15m ~ 80km, dependable performance, reproducible, show 8 fault points at most, user only need arrange testing fiber refractive index, and test result is very clear simultaneously.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. optical fiber barrier finder, it is characterized in that: comprise the ARM controller, field programmable gate array, Fabry-Perot pulse laser, the optical circulator that are connected successively, second port of optical circulator is connected with testing fiber, and the 3rd port of optical circulator is connected successively with avalanche photodide, Signal-regulated kinase, field programmable gate array.
2. optical fiber barrier finder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Signal-regulated kinase comprises the pre-amplification circuit, the analog to digital conversion circuit that are connected successively, pre-amplification circuit is connected with avalanche photodide, and analog to digital conversion circuit is connected with field programmable gate array.
3. optical fiber barrier finder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be connected to drive circuit for laser between field programmable gate array and Fabry-Perot pulse laser, avalanche photodide is connected to bias control circuit.
4. optical fiber barrier finder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: ARM controller is connected to liquid crystal touch display screen.
5. optical fiber barrier finder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: whole optical fiber barrier finder provides power supply by power management module.
6. the optical fiber barrier finder according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: field programmable gate array adopts model to be the chip of EP4CE15F17C8N, which is provided with RS232, AS, jtag port, and is connected with high speed crystal oscillator with ARM controller.
7. optical fiber barrier finder according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: pre-amplification circuit comprises connected photoelectric switching circuit and differential circuit, photoelectric switching circuit is connected with avalanche photodide, and differential circuit is connected with analog to digital conversion circuit, and analog to digital conversion circuit adopts high-speed comparator.
8. optical fiber barrier finder according to claim 3, is characterized in that: drive circuit for laser comprises connected switching circuit and protective circuit, and switching circuit is connected with Fabry-Perot pulse laser.
9. the using method of optical fiber barrier finder, it is characterized in that: field programmable gate array produces the electric impulse signal trigger laser drive circuit of multiple pulsewidth, Fabry-Perot pulse laser is made to send the pulsed light of specific width, then testing fiber is injected into by circulator, light signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication by the optical signals avalanche photodide of returning through back scattering, complete the reception of light signal dorsad, the electric current of the signal of telecommunication carries out current-voltage conversion through photoelectric switching circuit, then through the sudden change of differential circuit amplifying signal, convert the analog signal of input to echo impulse digital signal by high-speed comparator to detect for field programmable gate array, field programmable gate array calculates from sending pulse to the interval time receiving echo impulse, correspond to the position of fault point interval time.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the method of field programmable gate array localization of faults position comprises: field programmable gate array goes out the repeatability of now and noise according to signal echo pulse and goes out the randomness of now and carry out denoising, then carries out position calculation;
The method of denoising: counting when the high-speed counter of field programmable gate array sends electric impulse signal from its transmitting terminal, obtains the time delay of each echo impulse, the time delay of each echo impulse detected stored; And then send multiple pulses signal, timing repeatedly and storing process, suppose that the number of times that the time delay interval that certain fault point echo impulse is corresponding occurs is C, and noise echo impulse is owing to having randomness, so the moment distribution occurred is very scattered, in each interval cumulative result of correspondence much smaller than C, according to the echo impulse extracting fault point after this method denoising;
The method of abort situation is calculated: the time interval of setting the high-speed counter of field programmable gate array at every turn to count is determined by following formula as t, the relation of the count value Interval of the two-way time delay delay of echo impulse and the counter of pulse detection module according to fault point echo impulse:
delay＝t·Interval
Then the relation of the position L of fault point and the two-way time delay delay of echo impulse is shown below:
In formula, c is the light velocity, and n is testing fiber refractive index;
Namely position of failure point L is obtained thus.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410484755.3A CN104270192A (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2014-09-19 | Optical fiber fault locator and use method thereof |
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| CN201410484755.3A CN104270192A (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2014-09-19 | Optical fiber fault locator and use method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113078945A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司清远供电局 | Power transmission line fault positioning method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114039660A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-11 | 公诚管理咨询有限公司 | Short-distance optical fiber transmission system and signal detection and fault positioning method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113078945A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司清远供电局 | Power transmission line fault positioning method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114039660A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-11 | 公诚管理咨询有限公司 | Short-distance optical fiber transmission system and signal detection and fault positioning method thereof |
| CN114039660B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-11-24 | 公诚管理咨询有限公司 | Short-distance optical fiber transmission system and signal detection and fault positioning method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150107 |