CN104261015A - Stock bin for storing granulated materials and desorption tower device with stock bin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material level control for granular materials, and provides a silo for granular materials and an analytical tower device using the silo. The lower part of the silo has a feeding channel. A material level detection device is arranged on the top, and is configured such that the detection path of the material level detection device runs through the discharge channel up and down. With the application of the present invention, the material level detection device can collect the whole process from the inner cavity of the silo to the discharge channel without hindrance; during the working process, the measuring distance of the material level detection device can always obtain continuous material level, ensuring that the phenomenon of empty silo is detected accurately and timely Detection, in particular, can avoid problems that cannot be detected when the material level is too low, and provide a reliable guarantee for the normal operation of the system.

Description

A silo for granular materials and a desorption tower device using the silo

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of material level control of granular materials, in particular to a storage bin for granular materials and an analytical tower device using the storage bin.

Background technique

The adsorption tower and the desorption tower are the two main reaction places of activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification technology. The two organically cooperate to complete the adsorption of harmful substances in the exhaust flue gas, as well as the regeneration and activation of activated carbon; SO ₂ , NO _X and other harmful gases in the gas, thus, on the basis of meeting the flue gas emission requirements, high-concentration SO ₂ can be recycled, and the recycling of activated carbon can be realized at the same time.

As we all know, the regeneration and activation technology of activated carbon that has adsorbed harmful substances mainly includes two methods: dosing analysis and heating analysis. Among them, the method of desorption based on heating activated carbon is to use heat medium to indirectly heat the activated carbon in the desorption tower, and the activated carbon is kept in the high temperature zone (320-490°C) for a certain period of time, so that the adsorbed harmful substances are discharged from the activated carbon, and the recovery can be resumed. The adsorption function of activated carbon realizes the regeneration of activated carbon. Please refer to Fig. 1, which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a typical desorption tower in the prior art.

The multi-tower regeneration tower 100 has two heating parts 100a. During the working process, the saturated activated carbon is discharged from the bottom of the adsorption tower, transported to the top of the tower body, enters the activated carbon storage part 103 through a rotary valve 104, and passes through a The thin plate 101 respectively enters two heating parts 100a, and in the two heating parts 100a, the harmful substances adsorbed by the activated carbon are decomposed at high temperature. Activated charcoal that regains activity is discharged from the round roller discharge 108 at the bottom of each heating section 100a, collected in an activated charcoal discharge section 108, and discharged through the rotary valve 106 at the bottom of the desorption tower.

During the normal working process of the desorption tower, nitrogen needs to be injected as a carrier gas to reliably recover high-concentration SO ₂ and other substances desorbed from activated carbon. If the activated carbon storage part 103 is empty, it will cause nearly 100KPa of nitrogen carrying analytic gas to overflow through the activated carbon storage part 103, that is to say, a gas "short circuit" phenomenon will be formed at the activated carbon storage part 103. Obviously, the overflow of gases such as nitrogen and high-concentration SO ₂ will cause certain harm to on-site maintenance personnel, animals and plants, and even if measures are not taken in time for the leakage, it will lead to serious safety accidents.

It should be understood that the "short-circuit" phenomenon of the empty silo above exists not only in the upper silo of the desorption tower, but also in other application fields where the granular material flows into the downstream path, and has not been effectively solved.

In view of this, it is urgent to find another way to optimize the design of the upper empty warehouse risk of the existing analytical tower device, so as to avoid unsafe hidden dangers.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the possible defect of an empty silo in the working process of the existing upper silo.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a silo for granular materials. The lower part of the silo has a feeding channel, and the top of the silo is provided with a material level detection device, and is configured as follows: The detection path of the position detection device runs through the feeding channel up and down.

Preferably, there are multiple feeding channels, and the material level detection devices are correspondingly provided.

Preferably, the material level detection device is a radar sensor or an ultrasonic sensor.

Preferably, the unloading channel is gradually retracted from top to bottom, and in the horizontal projection plane, the detection path of the material level detection device coincides with the center of the lower port of the unloading channel.

Preferably, the material level detection device outputs the collected current material level signal to the controller, and the controller obtains the first condition that the material level in the silo is too low under the condition that the current material level signal is lower than the minimum material level threshold. critical result.

Preferably, according to the first judgment result, the controller outputs a feed control signal to the control end of the feed valve or outputs an alarm signal.

Preferably, the controller also obtains a second judgment result that the material level in the silo is too high based on the condition that the current material level signal is higher than the maximum material level threshold, and outputs a material stop control signal to The control terminal of the feed valve may output an alarm signal.

Preferably, a material guiding member is provided at the middle of the silo bottom of the silo; along the vertical direction, the outer peripheral surface of the material guiding member extends downward in a gradually increasing trend from inside to outside.

Preferably, the material guiding member is a shell structure; the side wall of the shell has a sieve hole, and the size of the sieve hole is smaller than the minimum rated working particle size of the material; the middle part of the bin bottom has a cleaning port, And an opening part adapted to the cleaning port is provided.

The present invention also provides a desorption tower device, comprising a desorption tower main body and an upper feed bin for transporting activated carbon to the desorption tower main body, wherein the upper feed bin is specifically as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 Silo for granular materials as described above.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: the material level detection device arranged on the top of the silo, its detection path runs through the unloading channel up and down, so that the material level detection device can collect from the inner cavity of the silo to the unloading without hindrance The whole channel; during the working process, the measurement range of the material level detection device can always obtain continuous material level, so as to ensure that the phenomenon of empty warehouse is detected accurately and timely. In particular, it can avoid the problem that the material level is too low to be detected The normal operation of the system provides a reliable guarantee.

In the preferred solution of the present invention, corresponding material level detection devices are respectively provided based on a plurality of feeding channels; Inconsistent flow velocity can also reliably ensure that no short circuit occurs in each branch.

In another preferred solution of the present invention, the unloading channel is gradually retracted from top to bottom, and the detection path of the material level detection device coincides with the center of the lower port of the unloading channel. When there is a change within the error range, it can still ensure that the detection path runs through the feeding channel up and down, and collects from the inner cavity of the silo to the feeding channel reliably and without obstacles, thereby reducing the configuration level of the detection device, and further Reduce the manufacturing cost of the whole machine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the overall structure schematic diagram of existing a kind of typical analytical tower;

Fig. 2 is the overall structural representation of the desorption tower device described in the first embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the material level control of the hopper described in the first embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the overall structure schematic diagram of feed bin shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the silo described in the second embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hopper described in the third embodiment.

In Figure 2-Figure 6:

Analysis tower main body 1, silo 2, feeding channel 21, inner plate 211, outer plate 212, feeding channel 22, material guiding member 23, material guiding member 23a, material guiding member 23b, cleaning port 24, maintenance window 25, Opening part 3 , material level detection device 4 , material level gauge 5 , switch valve 6 , controller 7 , feed sealing rotary valve 8 , and discharge sealing rotary valve 9 .

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment one

Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the desorption tower device described in this embodiment.

The desorption tower device includes a desorption tower main body 1, and the activated carbon that has been adsorbed is sent to the upper silo 2 through a conveyor, and the activated carbon to be decomposed is output to the desorption tower main body 1 through the feeding channel 21 at the bottom of the silo 2 . Same as the prior art, in the desorption tower main body 1, the activated carbon in the desorption tower is indirectly heated by the heat medium, and the activated carbon is kept in the high temperature zone (320-490°C) for a certain period of time, so that the adsorbed _SO2 and other harmful substances Decomposition and discharge at high temperature can restore the adsorption function of activated carbon and realize the regeneration of activated carbon; the activated carbon that has regained activity is discharged through the bottom of the desorption tower, and is transported to the top of the adsorption tower by a conveyor for recycling.

It should be noted that the functional components such as the feeding and discharging system, heating system, and recovery and utilization of high-concentration analytical gas of the desorption tower device can all be realized by using existing technologies, so this article will not repeat them here.

In this scheme, there are two analysis tower main bodies 1, so as to control the safety height of the tower body on the basis of satisfying the analysis capability of the system. Two feeding channels 21 are correspondingly arranged on the silo 2, and the number of setting of the feeding channels 21 and the analysis tower main body 1 is the same. It should be understood that according to the requirements of the system processing capacity, in addition to the two shown in the figure, the Set to other plurals.

Wherein, the top of silo 2 is provided with material level detection device 4, and the detection path of this material level detection device 4 runs through corresponding unloading channel 21 up and down; The level detection device 4 can collect the material level in the whole process without any obstacles. During the working process, the measurement range of the material level detection device 4 can always obtain the material level continuously, so as to ensure that the empty warehouse phenomenon is detected accurately and timely.

Here, the material level detection device 4 uses a radar sensor. In fact, an ultrasonic sensor can also be used. Obviously, as long as the detection stroke and accuracy meet the requirements for real-time collection of material level, it is within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

After a radar sensor or an ultrasonic sensor is used for a long time, there may be a change in the signal emission amplitude, but this change is within the error range and does not affect the detection accuracy. For the unloading channel 21 that gradually retracts from top to bottom, the change in amplitude of the sensor makes its measurement range intersect with the inner wall of the unloading channel 21 , and the current material level cannot be truly collected. In order to minimize the occurrence probability of the above problems, further optimization can be done. Specifically, in the horizontal projection plane, the detection path of the material level detection device 4 coincides with the center of the lower port of the feeding channel 21; like this, the signal of the detection device When the emission amplitude changes within the error range, it can still ensure that the detection path runs through the feeding channel 21 up and down.

Based on the current material level signal collected by the radar sensor or the ultrasonic sensor, it can be displayed on the operation platform in real time, so that the operator can observe and know. Preferably, automatic control is performed based on the current material level signal to avoid manual monitoring errors. For details, please refer to FIG. 3 , which shows a block diagram of material level control. The material level detection device 4 outputs the collected current material level signal to the controller 7, and the controller 7 obtains the first judgment result that the material level in the silo is too low under the condition that the current material level signal is lower than the minimum material level threshold; and According to the first judgment result, the controller 7 outputs a feed control signal to the control end of the feed sealing rotary valve 8, and of course, an alarm signal can also be output, so as to reliably avoid the gas "short circuit" phenomenon at the silo 2.

In addition, the controller 7 also obtains a second judgment result that the material level in the silo is too high based on the condition that the current material level signal is higher than the maximum material level threshold, and outputs a feed stop control signal to the feed valve according to the second judgment result. The control terminal or the output alarm signal to ensure the good operation of the whole machine without failure.

In addition, an on-off valve 6 is provided between the feeding channel 21 of each silo 2 and the feed inlet of each desorption tower main body 1 . When in use, when the main body of one side of the desorption tower needs to be overhauled and maintained, it is only necessary to close the on-off valve 6 corresponding to the side main body, and then open the side discharge sealing rotary valve 9 to discharge all the activated carbon therein. Overhaul of the side tower body; at the same time, the main body of other analytical towers can work normally, so as not to affect the normal operation of the whole system. In addition, according to actual working conditions, the feed switching valve of the desorption tower can be selectively closed, that is, only part of the desorption tower main body performs heating and regeneration treatment.

In order to obtain better operation convenience, each on-off valve 6 can be an electric control valve, and its control signal receiving end is connected to the output end of the control signal sent by the controller 7; thus, based on different working conditions, the control terminal can The set controller 7 sends a control signal for opening or closing to the receiving end of the control signal of the corresponding on-off valve 6, so that selective operation can be carried out in the actual working state. In the same way, the independent control principle of the main body 1 of the analytical tower is applicable to the schemes of other plural bodies. Of course, the on-off valve 6 can also be designed as a manual valve, specifically manually operated by maintenance personnel according to actual working conditions.

As further shown in FIG. 4 , the bottom of the silo 2 is in a tapered shape, so as to facilitate the arrangement of two symmetrically arranged feeding channels 21 . In the plane where the two feeding passages 21 are located, the inner board 211 of each feeding passage 21 is arranged obliquely, and the angle β between the inner board 211 and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle of repose of the activated carbon particles 32 °, and the outer board 212 is vertical Set, so that inspection window 25 is set on outer side plate 212, and outer side plate 212 is also the side plate far away from feed bin 2 side; Defined as a benchmark, the use of the above orientation words does not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

With such a setting, when the process operation is not ideal, or when the unloading channel 21 is blocked due to debris or water in the conveyor, the maintenance personnel can open the inspection window 25 for combing, so as to avoid the system from being unable to operate normally due to the clogging of the unloading channel 21 Accidents occur. Specifically, an inspection port (not shown) is provided on the vertically arranged outer plate 212, and the inspection window 25 adapted to the inspection port preferably adopts a detachable sealing connection with the outer plate 212 to meet the working requirements of the desorption tower. During the process, the internal high temperature and high pressure state can avoid unnecessary leakage.

In addition, the feeding channel 22 of the silo 2 is arranged at the top, and two feeding channels 21 are arranged at the lower part thereof, which are respectively located on both sides of the silo body. The feed channel 22 can be arranged in a proper position according to actual needs, of course, as shown in Figure 4, it is arranged at the center of the top, which provides a reliable basis for the equal flow of the feed channels 21 on both sides to a certain extent. In this solution, a material guiding member 23 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the silo 2, that is, the bottom of the silo arranged between the two feeding channels 21; along the vertical direction, the outer peripheral surface of the material guiding member 23 is formed from the inner It extends downward in a gradually increasing gradient from outside to outside.

During the working process, when the activated carbon particles fall into the silo 2, under the guidance of the component, the flow is diverted to the side, and enter the downstream analysis tower main body 1 through the corresponding feeding channel respectively. Specifically, as shown in the lower part of the silo in Figure 2, there is no dead zone for activated carbon retention at the bottom of the silo, and the activated carbon that enters the silo 2 all participates in the working cycle.

The material guiding member 23 of this solution is in the shape of a cone as a whole. Preferably, the angle α between the generatrix of the cone and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle of repose of the activated carbon granular material of 32°, so that a good working cycle of the material can be obtained to the greatest extent. Further, the lower edge of the outer peripheral surface of the material guiding member 23 extends to the inner edge of the discharge channel 21, and the two are butted together so that the downward flow of the activated carbon is smoother and unobstructed.

In addition, activated carbon is inevitably worn or damaged during the transportation cycle, forming particles or dust. After entering the main body of the desorption tower, it is heated at high temperature and mixed with water vapor. It is very easy to block the narrow channel of the flow circulation path. big security risk. In order to reduce the possibility of blocking the channel, the housing side wall of the material guiding member 23 can have a sieve (not shown in the figure), obviously, the size of the sieve is smaller than the minimum rated working particle diameter of activated carbon, here, "minimum rated "Working particle size" means that the narrow path will not be blocked under a certain humidity to ensure a good working cycle. When the activated carbon slides down through the surface of the material guiding member 23, the particles or dust that cannot be reused can be screened into the cavity between the shell and the bottom of the bin, thereby preventing the particles or dust from causing adverse effects on the subsequent path. influence to ensure the reliable operation of the entire system. The particles or dust that fall between the shell and the bottom of the warehouse can be cleaned from the cleaning port 24 at the bottom of the warehouse on a regular basis; Turn on part 3. The opening part 3 used to open and close the cleaning port 24 can be in the form of a flange plate with a simple structure and a low finished product, and the threaded fastener can be unscrewed during the cleaning operation; an easy-to-operate stop valve can also be used, and the specific operation It can be operated by unscrewing the valve at the right time, which is the optimal solution in comparison.

Of course, for analytical towers with different working capacities, the size of the aforementioned sieve holes can be set according to actual engineering needs. In the specific design, different structural forms can be adopted. For example, the shell adopts a sieve plate structure, and the upper part is machined to form circular holes or strip holes; such a design can also be used to lay strips at intervals on the frame structure Grate plate, that is, a strip-shaped sieve hole is formed between two adjacent grate plates. It should be understood that as long as the shell side wall of the material guiding member 23 is provided for screening activated carbon particles or dust, it is within the protection scope of the present application.

It is particularly noted that the silo 2 described in this embodiment can also be used in any occasion where the flow cycle of granular materials is established based on gravity, and is not limited to the application in the desorption tower. Correspondingly, the included angle α between the conical generatrix of the material guiding member 23 and the horizontal plane and the included angle β between the inner side plate 211 of the discharge channel 21 and the horizontal plane should be greater than the angle of repose of the corresponding granular material. Wherein, the structural form of the material guiding member is not limited to the conical shape provided in this embodiment. For example, the frustum-shaped material guiding member described in the second embodiment below, or its outer peripheral surface may be bent and wavy, as long as it extends downward in a gradually increasing trend from inside to outside.

Embodiment two

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the storage bin described in the second embodiment.

The basic composition of this solution is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the material guiding member 23a is in the shape of a round platform as a whole, and a material level gauge 5 is arranged on the top thereof to detect the material level in the silo. Of course, the top of the conical material guiding member 23a is used as a bearing part, and other functional detection elements (such as load cells, thermometers, etc.) can also be provided for centralized arrangement and management. In order to clearly show the difference and connection between this solution and the first embodiment, components with the same functions are marked with the same symbols in the figure.

Similarly, the included angle between the generatrix of the conical material guiding member 23a and the horizontal plane is 32° greater than the angle of repose of the activated carbon granular material.

In the above-mentioned two embodiments, there are two feeding channels 21 and corresponding analysis tower bodies. In fact, in addition to the design form of the two feeding channels 21, this scheme is also applicable to other multiple feeding channels. The arrangement of passages 21, for example: three or four, etc., can be arranged evenly in the circumferential direction according to the actual tower body layout, rather than being limited to the two feeding passages shown in the figure. The material guiding members in the above two embodiments are all rotating bodies. Obviously, for the two symmetrically arranged feeding channels 21, the material guiding members can adopt the non-rotating body form described in the third embodiment.

Embodiment three:

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hopper described in the third embodiment.

The basic composition of this solution is the same as that of the first and second embodiments, except that the material guiding member 23b is in the shape of a saddle as a whole, and the outer inclined surfaces on both sides of the saddle-shaped material guiding member 23b are opposite to the two feeding channels. 21 symmetrical settings. In order to clearly show the difference and connection between this solution and the first and second embodiments, components with the same functions are marked with the same symbols in the figure.

In the same way, the angles between the both sides of the saddle-shaped material guiding member 23b and the horizontal plane are greater than the angle of repose of the activated carbon particle material by 32°

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. for a feed bin for granular material, the bottom of its feed bin has blanking channel, it is characterized in that, the top of described feed bin is provided with material-level detecting device, and is configured to: blanking channel described in the detection path up/down perforation of described material-level detecting device.

2. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described blanking channel is set to multiple, and is correspondingly provided with described material-level detecting device respectively.

3. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described material-level detecting device is radar sensor or sonac.

4. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described blanking channel from top to bottom in adduction shape gradually, in horizontal plane, the detection path of described material-level detecting device and the center superposition of described blanking channel lower port.

5. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described material-level detecting device exports the current level signals that gathers to controller, described controller with current level signals lower than minimum material level threshold value for condition, obtain the first judged result that material level is too low in feed bin.

6. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 5, is characterized in that, according to the first judged result, described controller exports charging control signal to the control end of inlet valve or output alarm signal.

7. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that, described controller also with current level signals higher than most high charge level threshold value for condition, obtain the second judged result that in feed bin, material level is too high, and stop according to described second judged result output control end or the output alarm signal of expecting to control signal to inlet valve.

8. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with material guiding elements in the middle part of at the bottom of the storehouse of described feed bin; Vertically, the outer surface of described material guiding elements from the inside to the outside in the gradual change trend that increases successively to downward-extension.

9. the feed bin for granular material according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described material guiding elements is housing structure; The sidewall of described housing has sieve aperture, and the size of described sieve aperture is less than the minimum nominal operation particle diameter of described material; In the middle part of at the bottom of described storehouse, there is clean-up port, and be provided with the turned parts with described clean-up port adaptation.

10. an Analytic Tower device, comprise Analytic Tower main body and carry active carbon to the top feed bin of described Analytic Tower main body, it is characterized in that, described top feed bin is specially as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein for the feed bin of granular material.