CN104255349A - A kind of tea tree phototaxis pest control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a phototaxis pest control method of tea trees, which comprises the steps of arranging an independent small tea garden as a lamp-lured insect temporary habitat in the tea garden, installing a trap lamp in the tea garden, luring and collecting pests to the lamp-lured insect temporary habitat, and then enabling the pests to naturally inhabit in a tea stand; according to the situation that the eggs of the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-lured insects are laid and the eggs are hatched, the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-lured insects are prevented and controlled by adopting an artificial control method, a biological control method or a chemical control method, so that non-target insects can be effectively prevented from being killed by mistake, and the beneficial effects of low energy consumption and low cost are achieved.

Description

A kind of tea tree phototaxis pest control method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural insecticide, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling tea tree phototaxis pests.

Background technique

Humans discovered the phototaxis of insects a long time ago, and the use of insecticidal lamps to control pests is an important physical control measure. With the advancement of science and technology and the needs of production, researchers have further improved the functions of insecticidal lamps, adding supporting functions such as light control and insecticidal grids; , lamp density and other technical parameters have improved the species and quantity of insects trapped by insecticidal lamps, and the efficiency of trapping and killing has been improved. After the implementation of standardized production certification of tea in my country, the application of insecticidal lamps has continued to increase. The insecticidal lamp mainly includes a power supply device, a light control device, a rain control device, an insecticidal device, an insect collecting device and a lamp body. The ground is above 3m; according to the power of the lamp tube 15W, the theoretical radiation radius of the lamp is 80-120m, and generally 2-4ha is installed with one insecticidal lamp; after installation, most types of insecticidal lamps are turned on at regular intervals after dark according to light control, using high voltage The electric grid kills insects and collects insects with insect bags or water basins. Users should regularly observe the status of insect traps, clean up insect corpses and maintain lamps in time. The shortcoming of above-mentioned control method is:

1. There are many kinds of predatory natural enemies in tea gardens, which are widely distributed, large in number, and long in duration, and have a significant control effect on pests in tea gardens. However, the above methods have poor selectivity and eliminate both phototactic insects, both pests and beneficial insects. The protection and utilization of predatory natural enemies cannot exert the control effect of predatory natural enemies on pests, which seriously damages the ecosystem of tea gardens.

2. The used insecticidal lamp has a complex structure, is not easy to maintain, and has a short service life. At present, the basic structure of most types of insecticidal lamps generally includes insect-attracting light sources, insect-killing components, insect-collecting components, protection components, support components, etc. The overall structure and circuit system are complex, and the more complex the system, the higher the failure rate, especially in the rainy season. It is often difficult for the rain control system to work normally, resulting in damage to the lamp body; especially the insecticidal components usually use high-voltage insecticidal methods, including step-up transformers, circuit systems and insecticidal nets, which will consume a lot of power, which will inevitably reduce the use time of solar cells and Service life; the power grid and insect collection components need to spend a lot of time cleaning and maintenance, otherwise the insecticidal effect and service life will be seriously affected; in addition, the use of high-voltage power grids also increases insecurity.

3. The cost of insecticidal lamps used is high, and the one-time investment is relatively large, so it is not easy to promote. Due to the complex structure, the overall cost has risen, which has exceeded the psychological price of ordinary tea enterprises. Currently, it is only used locally in a few bases.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees which can avoid killing non-target insects by mistake.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a method for controlling phototactic pests of tea trees, comprising:

Step1, select a small piece of tea garden in the tea garden as a temporary habitat for light-induced insects, and the temporary habitat for light-induced insects is surrounded by open space to isolate the temporary habitat for light-induced insects from the surrounding tea gardens;

Step2, installing an insect trap lamp in the center of the temporary habitat where the lamp lures insects;

Step3. After using the insect trap lamp to lure the pests to the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp, the pests naturally inhabit the tea bushes in the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp;

Step 4. According to the egg landing and egg hatching conditions of the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-induced insects, artificial control methods, biological control methods or chemical control methods are used to prevent and control the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-induced insects.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the phototaxis pests are first lured and then controlled, which can effectively avoid accidental killing of non-target insects, and the ecological benefits are obvious; the insect-attracting lamp is used instead of the insect-killing lamp, and the maintenance is simple and the use is safer.

Detailed ways

In order to describe the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following descriptions will be made in conjunction with the embodiments.

The most critical idea of the present invention is to set an independent small piece of tea garden in the tea garden as a temporary habitat for lamp-induced insects, and install insect-attracting lamps therein, and adopt the method according to the egg landing and egg hatching conditions of the pests in the temporary habitat for lamp-induced insects. Artificial control, biological control and chemical control methods can effectively avoid killing non-target insects by mistake.

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling tea tree phototactic pests, comprising:

Step1, select a small piece of tea garden in the tea garden as a temporary habitat for light-induced insects, and the temporary habitat for light-induced insects is surrounded by open space to isolate the temporary habitat for light-induced insects from the surrounding tea gardens;

Step2, installing an insect trap lamp in the center of the temporary habitat where the lamp lures insects;

Step3. After using the insect trap lamp to lure the pests to the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp, the pests naturally inhabit the tea bushes in the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp;

Step 4. According to the egg landing and egg hatching conditions of the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-induced insects, artificial control methods, biological control methods or chemical control methods are used to prevent and control the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-induced insects.

Due to the difference between phototaxis and backlight, sunrise and nocturnal nature of insects, insect trap lamps are used to lure phototaxis insects in an area at night. During the day, nocturnal tea tree pests can be naturally inhabited after being trapped. Lure some tea bushes and lay eggs, while sunrise predators can freely enter and exit. After phototropic insects are trapped, they are not killed immediately, but are controlled by artificial control methods, biological control methods or chemical control methods according to the egg laying and egg hatching conditions in the trapping area, which can effectively avoid killing non-target insects by mistake .

From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the phototaxis pests are first lured and then controlled, which can effectively avoid killing non-target insects by mistake, and the ecological benefits are obvious; the use of insect-attracting lamps instead of insecticidal lamps is easy to maintain and safer to use.

Further, the insect trap lamp includes a power supply, a black light and a bracket.

From the above description, it can be seen that the insect trap lamp only includes the necessary components such as power supply, black light lamp, and bracket, which can meet the requirements of ordinary tea enterprises for agricultural products with low energy consumption, low cost, simple maintenance, and high reliability.

Further, the manual control method includes hunting with insect nets, hunting with bamboo strips, hooking with wires, hunting with soil, and trapping with sugar, wine, and vinegar.

Further, the chemical control method is based on the different types of tea tree pests, different occurrence characteristics, and the chemical composition of the pesticide itself and its insecticidal principle, to select a method that has a high effect on pest control, is safe to crops and natural enemies, has no cross-resistance, and is low in cost. Low, low toxicity, and low residue pesticides, taking advantage of the fact that the number of pests and natural enemies change with the seasons, adopts low-volume, fine-mist spraying technology to apply alternately at the stage when pests are most sensitive to pesticides.

Further, the biological control method includes the method of controlling insects by insects, the method of controlling insects by bacteria, and the method of controlling insects by viruses.

Further, the method of using insects to control insects is a method of using natural enemy insects to prevent and control insect pests.

Further, the method of using bacteria to control pests is a method of using beneficial bacteria, fungi and their metabolites to prevent and control pests.

Further, the method of using viruses to control pests is a method of controlling pests by using viruses specific to pests.

Embodiments of the present invention are: a method for controlling phototactic pests of tea trees, comprising:

Step1. In the center of every 2-4 hectares of tea gardens, choose a tea garden with a radius of 5m×5m or 5 meters as a temporary habitat for insects lured by lights. There is an open space with a width of 1.5m around the temporary habitats for insects lured by lights to lure insects with lights. Temporary habitats are isolated from surrounding tea gardens, and the density of temporary habitats for lamp-attracted insects can be appropriately increased in mountainous areas;

Step2. Install a 15w insect-attracting lamp in the center of the temporary habitat where the lamp attracts insects. The hanging height is based on the standard that the lower end of the insect-killing lamp is 1m higher than the crop. If the scale of the tea garden is small, the power of the lamp tube can be appropriately reduced ;

Step3. After using the insect trap lamp to lure the pests to the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp, the pests naturally inhabit the tea bushes in the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp;

Step 4. According to the egg landing and egg hatching conditions of the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-induced insects, artificial control methods, biological control methods or chemical control methods are used to prevent and control the pests in the temporary habitat of the lamp-induced insects.

The insect trap lamp includes a power supply, a black light and a support.

The artificial control method includes catching and killing the adults of the cicada with insect nets, catching and killing the adults of the inchworms with bamboo strips, killing the larvae of the longhorn beetle with a wire hook, killing the grubs, pupae of poisonous moths and inchworms, and trapping and killing the leaf tortrix with sugar, wine and vinegar.

The chemical control method includes starting from the different types of tea plant diseases and insect pests, different occurrence characteristics, the chemical composition of the pesticide itself and its insecticidal principle, and selecting a low-toxicity, low-cost, low-cost, high-effect on disease and insect pest control, safe to crops and natural enemies, and low cost. Residual pesticides, spray when the occurrence of diseases and insect pests reaches the control index, such as the number of tea geometrid larvae is more than 7 per square meter, the number of first-generation larvae of tea black moth is more than 4 per square meter, or the number of second-generation larvae per square meter Only when more than 7 heads are sprayed for prevention and control.

The biological control method includes the method of controlling insects by insects, the method of controlling insects by bacteria, and the method of controlling insects by viruses.

The insect control method is a method of using natural enemy insects to prevent and control insect pests, including using parasitic wasps and parasitic flies to control tea geometrids and leaf rollers.

The method of using bacteria to control pests is a method of using beneficial bacteria, fungi and metabolites thereof to prevent and control insect pests, including using Bacillus thuringiensis to control tea caterpillars, thorn moths, and tea silkworms, and using Beauveria bassiana to control tea caterpillars, tung loopers, and tea smallworms. Leaf roller moth, tea silkworm.

The method of using virus to control insect pests is a method of using specific viruses for pests to control pests, including using tea geometrid nucleopolyhedrosis virus preparations to control pests on cloudy days.

To sum up, the method for preventing and controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees provided by the present invention can effectively avoid accidental killing of non-target insects by first trapping phototaxis pests and then controlling them in a targeted manner. The insecticidal lamp only retains the power supply, Necessary components such as black light lamps and brackets can meet the requirements of ordinary tea enterprises for low energy consumption, low cost, simple maintenance and high reliability of agricultural materials.

The above descriptions are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent transformations made using the content of the description of the present invention, or directly or indirectly used in related technical fields, are equally included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of patent protection.

Claims (8)

1. a method for controlling phototactic pests of tea trees, characterized in that, comprising: Step1, select a small piece of tea garden in the tea garden as a temporary habitat for light-induced insects, and the temporary habitat for light-induced insects is surrounded by open space to isolate the temporary habitat for light-induced insects from the surrounding tea gardens; Step2, installing an insect trap lamp in the center of the temporary habitat where the lamp lures insects; Step3. After using the insect trap lamp to lure the pests to the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp, the pests naturally inhabit the tea bushes in the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lamp; Step 4. According to the egg laying and egg hatching conditions of the pests in the temporary habitat of the insects lured by the lights, artificial control methods, biological control methods or chemical control methods are used to control the pests in the temporary habitats of the insects lured by the lights. 2 . The method for controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees according to claim 1 , wherein the insecticidal lamp comprises a power supply, a black light and a bracket. 3 . 3. A method for preventing and controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: said manual control method includes catching and killing with insect nets, catching and beating with bamboo strips, killing with wire hooks, catching and killing with sugar, Wine, vinegar to trap and kill. 4. a kind of tea tree phototactic pest control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described chemical control method is according to the different types of tea tree pests, different occurrence characteristics and the chemical composition and insecticidal principle of pesticide itself, select It is a low-toxicity and low-residue pesticide with high effect on pest control, safety to crops and natural enemies, no cross-resistance, and low cost. It uses low-volume, fine-mist spray technology to utilize the characteristics that the number of pests and natural enemies changes with the seasons. The method of alternating application at the stage when the pest is most sensitive to pesticides. 5. A method for controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: said biological control methods include insect control methods, bacteria control methods, and virus control methods. 6. A method for preventing and controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: said method of controlling insect pests is a method of utilizing natural enemy insects to prevent and control insect pests. 7. A method for preventing and controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method of using bacteria to control insect pests is a method of utilizing beneficial bacteria, fungi and metabolites thereof to prevent and control insect pests. 8. A method for preventing and controlling phototaxis pests of tea trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: said method of controlling pests with viruses is a method of utilizing specific viruses for pests.