CN104250959A - Road ice and snow cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a road ice and snow cleaner. The road ice and snow cleaner comprises a disc ice breaking rake combination, a grinding roller combination, an ice removing shovel combination and a snow melting agent spraying device. The road ice and snow cleaner has the following advantages: the combined operations of ice breaking, ice grinding, ice removal and ice melting can be synchronously finished, and ice and snow on a road surface can be thoroughly removed; the road surface is not damaged, the power consumption is reduced, and the ice removing efficiency is improved; the suspension and the transportation on a tractor are convenient; power is not required to be singly provided, so that the energy conservation and the emission reduction are realized, and the production and use costs are decreased; and the road ice and snow cleaner can finish the ice and snow removing operation, and can be used as a tool for maintaining a road, so that multiple purposes on one machine are realized.

Description

Road ice and snow descaling machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to road safety field of Environment Protection, specifically newly-designed a kind of road ice and snow descaling machine.

Background technology

Most of China area has the snowfall phase of 3 ~ 5 months every year, and accumulated snow and the freezing unimpeded and safety that seriously have impact on road traffic and airport runways, seriously constrain normally carrying out of industrial and agricultural production, bring inconvenience to people's lives.Especially occur in the large-area especially big ice disaster of south China in 2008, cause huge wound to the national economic development.After ice disaster occurs, the ice and snow be frozen in traffic main artery and airport runways adopts traditional snow removing machinery to remove at all, can only at substantial financial resources and material resources adopt the way manually rooted out to solve.

At present both at home and abroad snow removing machinery great majority also exist function singleness, can only remove accumulated snow and thoroughly cannot remove the problem of road surface accumulated ice, and quantitatively greatly differ from each other with demand in configuration.According to relevant statistics, by 2005, Japanese all kinds of snow removing vehicle is 8467, bulldozer 8364, snow removing 7678, truck, snow removing land leveller 7456, antifreezing agent truck spreader 3134.With Japan Comparatively speaking, the more flourishing area of highway in China construction by heavy snow area coverage account for area 20% more than, namely more than 200 ten thousand square kilometres, approximate 10 times of the heavy snow region area that Japan delimit.On so wide region, only run hundreds of platform snow removing machinery, the demand that this and Chinese Highway are safeguarded greatly differs from each other.Highway in China construction starting is late, development is fast, and snow removing machinery configuration quantity is few, type falls behind and function singleness, and the mode manually removing road ice and snow is also in Main Means, and therefore deicing machinery has great market demand in China.At present, some enterprise domestic develops some snow ice remover tools with reference to foreign technology, but compared with the advanced snow removing machinery technology in the world, very large gap is all had from specification, quantity, performance, still can not adapt to the requirement of the current road of China and airport runways deicing engineering completely, and it is large to purchase, energy consumption high with cost of use, thus to the development of deicing machinery and popularization, there is important scientific meaning and good market application foreground.

China to the exploitation of deicing machinery, produce more late, be still in the starting stage.At present, China's road and airport runways deicing in winter major part still continue to use traditional mode and means, i.e. the mode that combines of manual work and simple and easy deicing facility, and inefficiency, energy consumption are large.Speedway and Class I highway have used large-scale special deicing machinery to carry out winter job, but thoroughly cannot remove ice sheet and residual snow on road surface, purchase with use cost higher.In quantity and kind also seldom, function singleness, substantially based on import equipment for the existing deicing machinery of China.

In recent years, more domestic producers have developed some deicing mechanized equipments with reference to foreign technology, can be divided into following several types by its operating principle.

1) vibrating type: host hydraulic system drives vibrations motor, drives the rotation of eccentric block, under the influence of centrifugal force, makes vibrations take turns circumferentially radial motion.Road pavement ice sheet, the shock effect power of existing above-below direction, has again the kneading action power of horizontal direction, makes the projection shaking wheel surface cut and extrude ice sheet, causes ice sheet fracture fragmentation to be peeled off with ground, reaches the object of deicing.Patented product-highway maintenance roller type as Xuzhou Loading Machine Factory vibrates deicing equipment.

2) quiet rolling splits formula: equipment hangs on loader front end, by the composite blade on rolling wheel, relies on the weight of rolling wheel self and the coordination pressure from loading arm and rocking arm, is crushed by ice sheet under the promotion of main frame.The CB type compaction type ice and snow removing device of the unit consolidation exploitation such as " snow wolf No. ", Jilin Industry University that snow removing cleaning device factory as clear and bright in Harbin produces.

3) flexible chain impact type: adopt special chain, suspension ring are installed in front end, and under the driving of main frame, chain does High Rotation Speed, and road pavement carries out flexible beating, thus obtain the effect that opens ice, fragile road surface.

4) shovel chops formula: the work shovel be made up of multi-blade cutter moves up and down under the drive of bent axle, and road pavement ice sheet carries out chopping hitting, and this mechanism adopts soft type to connect, and achieves the rugged auto-compensation of road pavement, but fragile road surface.

Though the development of the deicing machinery of China and engineer applied have had certain development, have problems still more outstanding, be mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1) technical level is low: the aspect such as structure design, operating principle, functional study all exists the low problem of level, causes that Mechanical Reliability is poor, fault is many, the life-span is short;

2) function singleness: have typical seasonality, mostly only has deicing function.In 1 year, the most of the time will be in idle state, considerably increase the cost of deicing operation, increase the weight of the input of highway maintenance;

3) high cost: the existing facility of China are all configured with independently power set, purchase with use cost too high.

4) of less types: the job requirements that can not adapt to China's road ice and snow reason, mobility and reliability poor.

The problem of China's deicing machinery and actual national conditions determine deicing machinery will towards following future development:

1) the removing road ice and snow equipment of seriation is developed, to adapt to the operation in different road, different place, mobility strong;

2) design meets energy-saving and emission-reduction environmental protection, has the removing ice and snow equipment of high, the low in energy consumption feature of effect;

3) realize the multifunction of equipment, ice and snow can be used for the ice and snow cleaning of road and airfield runway season, operations such as can also being used for the construction of road at ordinary times, maintaining, speedily carry out rescue work.

Summary of the invention

For the defect of prior art, the invention provides a kind of road ice and snow descaling machine: 1) pass through ice sheet (compacting snow) physical property analysis, stressed and the course of work of the rake blade that opens ice, rolling-compaction roller is analyzed, this design can effectively cutting and separating and rolling road surface ice sheet, does not damage road surface; 2) tractor is one of basic motive machinery of current road maintenance maintenance, and this unit is with tractor-drawn and provide power, does not need separately to establish power, has saved energy consumption, reduced manufacturing cost and use cost; 3) have employed profiling and the avoiding devices such as parallel four-bar link gear, spring-damper, make to open ice, grind ice two combiner and simultaneously according to pavement behavior adjustment angle, can successfully manage pavement roughness and working angle problem; 4) rake combines, rolling-compaction roller combines, scrape snow cave shovel combination and Snow Agent tossed device etc. as primary artifact parts to adopt disk to open ice, and synchronously can complete the integration of operation in ice disaster road cleaning repairing; 5) integrate brokenly cutter road surface ice sheet, remove the operation such as ice and snow on road surfaces, cleaning road barrier, there is the feature quick, that diverse in function, efficiency are high, low in energy consumption that moves; 6) machine is assembled with ballast box and can operationally realizes weightening finish function, removes counterweight tractor and hangs and conveniently shift, do not need separately to configure haulage vehicle during transport; 7) this unit can be used as the use of road upkeep facility at ordinary times, improves usefulness, reduces costs, realize a tractor serves several purposes;

The technical scheme that this road ice and snow descaling machine adopts is, comprise disk open ice rake combination, rolling-compaction roller combination, deicing shovel combination and Snow Agent tossed device as main working parts, disk open ice rake mechanism and rolling-compaction roller Mechanism Combination be parallel four-bar link gear.

Further, described road ice and snow descaling machine comprise disk open ice rake 1, rolling-compaction roller 2, depth-limiting mechanism 3, road surface scavenge unit 4, shed Snow Agent mechanism 5. Snow Agent case 6, spring-damper 7, ballast box 8, hitch 9, frame 10 and four bar linkage 11.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by the feature of independent claims, and dependent claims develops the feature of independent claims with alternative or favourable mode.

From the above technical solution of the present invention shows that, the present invention is compared with traditional road ice and snow descaling machine, and it has following advantage and useful effect:

1) integration of operation of open ice, grind ice, deicing, ice-melt can be completed simultaneously, thoroughly can remove ice and snow on road surfaces;

2) main working parts adopts opening ice of parallel four-bar link gear design to grind ice combination unit, has the function with ground profiling and damping, ensures and do not damage road surface, reduce power consumption, improve deicing efficiency;

3) adopt ballast box to substitute traditional counterweight iron block, in operation, water-filling is gained in weight, and discharging water in facility transfer can alleviate deadweight, is convenient to tractor and hangs transport;

4) adopt the major impetus machinery tractor be equipped with road maintenance to use, do not need to be equipped with power separately, realize energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduce manufacturing cost and use cost;

5) the machine not only can complete removing snow and ice climbing, and the facility that also can be used as maintenance road at ordinary times use, and achieve a tractor serves several purposes.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Wherein, 1. disk opens ice rake, 2. rolling-compaction roller, 3. depth-limiting mechanism, 4. road surface scavenge unit, 5. sheds Snow Agent mechanism, 6. Snow Agent case, 7. spring-damper, 8. ballast box, 9. hitch, 10. frame, 11. four bar linkages

Fig. 2 is hitch schematic diagram; Wherein, state during 1 unit work, state during 2 unit transport;

Fig. 3 opens ice to grind the structure diagram of ice combination unit, and wherein, 1. disk opens ice rake, 2. rolling-compaction roller, 3. ballast box, 4. damping spring, 5. frame

Fig. 4 is parallel four-bar link gear;

Fig. 5 deicer overall structure schematic diagram, wherein, 1. screw mandrel, 2. screw mandrel, 3. deicing shovel, the 4. edge of shovel

Fig. 6 is depth stop structural scheme of mechanism.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, illustrate the present invention further, general structure schematic diagram such as Fig. 1 shows, its operating principle: on the one hand by tractor-drawn unit, and utilize disk to open ice rake 1 by ice sheet incision, ice pulverizes by recycling rolling-compaction roller 2; On the other hand utilize road surface scavenge unit 4 by ice and snow removing, then add and spread Snow Agent and again freeze to prevent road surface.Open ice rake 1 and rolling-compaction roller 2 of disk connects to form parallel four-bar link gear with connecting rod and to be combined with spring-damper and to reach profiling thus avoid road pavement to cause damage.Removed by deicing shovel after ice and snow is pulverized, deicing shovel overall structure is V-shape, angle and Height Adjustable, and the uniform motion by means of unit is conducive to ice and snow to be removed fast.Be shed Snow Agent mechanism 5 after deicing shovel, by the Snow Agent dish 5 of shedding moved in a circle, Snow Agent spread down, prevent road surface from again freezing remaining ice and snow removing.

These facility can complete the multiple multiple operation in ice disaster road cleaning repairing process simultaneously, the finishing that also can be used as road at ordinary times safeguards that facility use, do not need to be equipped with power separately, effectively can improve the usefulness of facility, ensure operation quality, reduce cost of production, and realize a tractor serves several purposes.

Fig. 2 is hitch schematic diagram, after unit can hang on tractor, and state during 1 unit work, state during 2 unit transport.

Fig. 3 opens ice to grind the structure diagram of ice combination unit, and the feature of this design is: the transmission engaged clutch that 1) this device is furnished with can effectively adjust the quantity of carrying out operation part, so that reaches the effect of adjustment working width; 2) in icebreaking service process, inevitably run into obstruction, and consider the out-of-flatness factor of road surface, ice sheet, the damping spring that this device is furnished with can effectively play dodges, cushions and pressurization, ensures not damage road surface; 3) for the thickness of road surface ice sheet and the different of solid degree, the counter weight device of these facility can adjust blade and the roller pressure when operation to ice sheet by regulating the weight of counterweight.Reach and effectively clear up road surface when not damaging road surface; Counter weight device is designed to variable-displacement form.4) disk opens ice rake and the design of rolling-compaction roller, makes working needle wider to object.When road surface ice sheet can be removed, also can be used to compacting, smooth-riding surface at ordinary times, achieve a tractor serves several purposes, effectively save Design and manufacture cost.

Parallel four-bar link gear is as shown in Figure 4: adopt opening ice of parallel four-bar link gear design to grind ice combination unit, main working parts has the function with ground profiling and damping, pressure and operating angle can be adjusted according to pavement behavior, effect can be had to solve pavement roughness and occur the problems such as working angle.Both ensured and do not damaged road surface, also reduced power consumption, can deicing efficiency have been improve.Adopt opening ice of parallel four-bar link gear design to grind ice combination unit, have following three kinds of states:

1) when facility shift, when the machine of being stowed raises up, whole combination unit as shown in parallelogram AB1C1D, disk open ice rake and rolling-compaction roller all not with earth surface, facility can movement fast;

2) when facility operation, whole combination unit as parallelogram AB2C2D institute.The stone roller ice combination unit that opens ice contacts with ice sheet, under the mating reaction of damping mechanism, has the function with ground profiling and damping;

3) when this combination unit does not need work, promoted and do not contacted road surface, as shown in parallelogram AB3C3D, effectively protect disk open ice rake and rolling-compaction roller.

4) when operation runs into obstruction, the stone roller ice combination unit that opens ice effectively can keep away barrier, protecting open ice rake and roller, improve operating efficiency.

Deicer overall structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5, road surface scavenge unit is mainly used to remove the ice and snow be broken, deicing shovel is main working parts, its role is to: when 1) removing compacting ice and snow, must ensure that deicing shovel can be pressed in ice and snow effectively, ice and snow and surface separation is made by the motion of shovel, but the cutting-in force of deicing shovel again can not be too large, otherwise can destroy ground or be propped up by main frame, affects the attachment power of unit; 2) good sliding cutting performance is had.Sliding cutting refers to that cut material body tangentially has the working angles of sliding motion along cutting edge.Producing the condition of slippage is, the angle on the cutting blade of side between the cutting speed direction of each point and normal is greater than the angle of friction between cut material body.Angle on blade curve between the cutting speed direction of any point and normal is called the slip cutting angle (also known as dynamic slip cutting angle) of this point, and its relative velocity (peripheral speed) angle between direction and normal is called quiet slip cutting angle.Therefore, so-called good sliding cutting performance, just refers to that on blade curve, the dynamic slip cutting angle of any point should be greater than the angle of friction between ice and snow and cutting edge.Sliding cutting is not only laborsaving but also can not produce the existing phenomenon of sticky cutter.The feature of its form of structure is: 1 for screw mandrel can arcuately slide, pin deicing shovel 3 can be fixed on frame with double nut; Deicing shovel 3 can wire winding rod 2 rotate enable deicing shovel according to except snowfall number carry out adjusting angle, screw mandrel 2 is fixed on frame with double nut; The edge of shovel 4 can cut ice and snow by ice and snow and surface separation, and the edge of shovel is connected to deicing shovel by sunk screw and slightly length is to fill up the gap between two panels deicing shovel than deicing shovel, and edge of shovel blunt or damaged rear conveniently replaced, saves material and cost.

Tossed device adopts: 1) shed the disk that mechanism uses band parabola texture, by the rotary spreading Snow Agent of disk; 2) Snow Agent case is assembled above disk, so that Snow Agent vertically falls into disk; 3) changement separates power drive disc rotary from main power shaft.

As shown in Figure 6, each label part is as following table for the form of structure of depth-limiting mechanism:

The operating principle of gauge wheel is as Fig. 6, and whole gauge wheel device roughly can be divided into three large entirety.Parts 1,2 is an entirety, is designated as A; Parts 3,4,6 is an entirety, is designated as B; And parts 5,7,8,9,10 are an entirety, be designated as C.A and C entirety is connected by screw rod 2 and nut 5, so when shake Yao Bing 1, overall A can have relative movement in vertical direction with overall C.Insert alignment pin in two through holes above screw rod 2, make overall A with B can not produce relative movement in vertical direction, and horizontal direction rotation can be produced.So, as long as shake rocking bar just can make wheel relative to the movement in frame generation vertical direction, thus the height of the work of adjustment.

In order to ensure that wheel makes to rotate along vertical axis because of the out-of-flatness on ground in work, be employed herein square steel with automatic brake, wheel can rotate by vertically axis because of unfettered, and due to the mutual restrictive function of inside and outside braking square steel, wheel has been fixed.

In sum, the advantage of reason ice and snow cleaner of the present invention is:

1) by ice sheet (compacting snow) physical property analysis, harrow blade, the stressed and course of work of rolling-compaction roller analyzes to opening ice, this design can effectively cutting and separating and rolling road surface ice sheet, does not damage road surface;

2) tractor is one of basic motive machinery of current road maintenance maintenance, and this unit is with tractor-drawn and provide power, does not need separately to establish power, has saved energy consumption, reduced manufacturing cost and use cost;

3) have employed profiling and the avoiding devices such as parallel four-bar link gear, spring-damper, make to open ice, grind ice two combiner and simultaneously according to pavement behavior adjustment angle, can successfully manage pavement roughness and working angle problem;

4) rake combines, rolling-compaction roller combines, scrape snow cave shovel combination and Snow Agent tossed device etc. as primary artifact parts to adopt disk to open ice, and synchronously can complete the integration of operation in ice disaster road cleaning repairing;

5) integrate brokenly cutter road surface ice sheet, remove the operation such as ice and snow on road surfaces, cleaning road barrier, there is the feature quick, that diverse in function, efficiency are high, low in energy consumption that moves;

6) machine is assembled with ballast box and can operationally realizes weightening finish function, removes counterweight tractor and hangs and conveniently shift, do not need separately to configure haulage vehicle during transport;

7) this unit can be used as the use of road upkeep facility at ordinary times, improves usefulness, reduces costs, realize a tractor serves several purposes;

Above manual word and accompanying drawing are only explanation of the invention and explanation, in any form the present invention be not construed as limiting and limit, scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims, and all do not exceed the apparent amendment of present inventive concept, conversion and replacement scheme all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a road ice and snow descaling machine, is characterized in that, comprising: disk opens ice, and rake combines, rolling-compaction roller combines, deicing shovel combines and Snow Agent tossed device.

2. road ice and snow descaling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described road ice and snow descaling machine comprise disk open ice rake (1), rolling-compaction roller (2), depth-limiting mechanism (3), road surface scavenge unit (4), shed Snow Agent mechanism (5). Snow Agent case (6), spring-damper (7), ballast box (8), hitch (9), frame (10) and four bar linkage (11).