A kind of down-hole opened self-locking formula casing centralization device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of centering means casing centralization can fixed in the wellbore.
Background technology
Along with the development of petroleum industry and the pursuit to high productivity of hydrocarbon benefit, also more and more higher to the requirement of cementing quality, sleeve pipe centralizer is in the wellbore one of decisive factor of oil gas well cementing operation quality.Therefore the situation placed in the middle of how accurate assurance well middle sleeve string, how to improve the displacement efficiency in cementing process, it is current oil field problem in the urgent need to address, in well cementing process, cementing quality is decided by Efficiency In Cementing, and well middle sleeve centralizer is the key factor affecting Efficiency In Cementing, centralizer is poor, easy formation broadside and narrow limit, when cement replaces drilling fluid, cement paste is easily stained with on broadside and is returned, and the drilling fluid displacing on narrow limit is not or replace clean, have impact on the quality of well cementation, therefore can the use of centering means occupy in the wellbore sleeve pipe and play vital effect.
The centering means of existing routine is divided into two classes substantially: a class is elasticity centering means, another kind of is rigidity centering means, elasticity centering means designs according to spring principle, its advantage is have higher reset force, and manufacturing process is simple, price is low, can produce when shortcoming uses larger under enter power, higher to the destructive rate of well bore wall, affect sleeve pipe normal under enter.
Rigidity centering means, is divided into again semi-rigid centering means, spiral rigidity centering means and roller rigidity centering means.The advantage of rigidity centering means has very high support force and lower tripping force or displacement force, enters and keep higher centralizer under making sleeve pipe smoothly.Shortcoming is: the requirement of rigidity centering means to well is higher, can not have undergauge well section.Meanwhile, rigidity centering means can increase the rigidity of tubing string, cause setting of casing difficulty, and manufacturing cost is higher, and manufacturing process complexity, reliability are unstable, and thus its use amount is subject to a lot of restriction.
Also have a kind of for down-hole startup elasticity centering means, although it be under after well, utilize pressure reduction to open spring leaf, arcuate bombing leaf produces sufficient restoring force, plays effect placed in the middle, but the more difficult control of the starting pressure of this centering means, maximum starting power is higher, therefore less use.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of there is the going into the well of small-startup power after the casing centralization device that starts.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention there is provided a kind of down-hole opened self-locking formula casing centralization device, comprise the connecting portion one and connecting portion two that are positioned at two ends, support portion placed in the middle is provided with between connecting portion one and connecting portion two, it is characterized in that: support portion placed in the middle comprises the connected body of hollow, the circumference of connected body is evenly equipped with at least three N level piston type self-locking support devices stretched out step by step under pressure, N >=2;
Each N level piston type self-locking support device comprises the supporter shell be fixed on connected body and the N level supporter be made up of first order supporter to N level supporter, first order supporter and supporter shell are slidably matched, N level supporter is slidably matched successively to the adjacent two-stage of first order supporter, N level supporter is made to begin to stretch out step by step under pressure from N level supporter, one end that N level supporter and supporter shell deviate from mutually is provided with for supporting with the borehole wall support portion contacted, the ring that breaks all is formed in first order supporter to the bottom of N level supporter, by the ring that breaks, first order supporter is changed step by step from large to small to the starting pressure of N level supporter.
Preferably, the first order supporter of each described N level piston type self-locking support device is nested in described supporter shell, and N level supporter is nested successively to the adjacent two-stage of first order supporter, wherein, kth level supporter is nested in kth-1 grade of supporter, k=1,, N.
Preferably, the inwall interference fit of break described on front supports ring and adjacent supporter, the inwall interference fit of break described on the first order supporter ring and supporter shell.
Preferably, in each described N level piston type self-locking support device, at least one N level ratchet-shaped locating slot is provided with at the outer circumference surface of described N level supporter, at least one ratchet-shaped locating slot is respectively equipped with at N-1 level supporter to the outer circumference surface of the 1st grade of supporter, a C shape location self-locking ring is respectively equipped with at N-1 level supporter to the inwall of the 1st grade of supporter, wherein, the outer circumference surface of jth level supporter is provided with at least one jth level ratchet-shaped locating slot, within it wall is provided with a jth+1 grade of C shape location self-locking ring, j=1, N-1, N level ratchet-shaped locating slot is located self-locking ring with N-1 level C shape and is matched, jth level ratchet-shaped locating slot is located self-locking ring with jth level C shape and is matched, first order location self-locking ring is located on the inwall of described supporter shell.
Preferably, in each described N level piston type self-locking support device, adjacent two supporters and between first order supporter and supporter shell respectively by seal ring seal.
Preferably, described connecting portion one all adopts with described connecting portion two helicitic texture be connected with pipe box.
Preferably, described support portion and the borehole wall support the part contacted is that semi arch supports contact cap.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the overall structure of thread connection is adopted
In existing casing centralization device, all elasticity centering means and the mode of occupation of sleeve pipe are all the outsides being enclosed within sleeve pipe, when reality uses, enter along with under sleeve pipe, larger owing to entering power under centering means, centering means can move along sleeve surface, maybe can withstand on box cupling place make box cupling under the fashionable stretching dynamics adding body, easily cause the damage that casing threads accesses, although and rigidity centering means some be and cover effective box cupling screw thread form, but turn increase the quantity of box cupling like this, improve production cost.The overall structure that the design adopts two ends to be respectively standard internal and external threads to connect with sleeve pipe, be equivalent to add a connection joint hoop, the frame mode of this connection, namely the in-site installation of centering means is facilitated, do not increase production cost again, and the length of whole centering means is shorter, the rigidity of tubing string can not be increased, very effective in the use of high angle hole and horizontal well.For connection screw thread except the LTC screw thread of routine, also can be processed into air-sealed special threaded, make the linking intensity of centering means and sleeve pipe, sealing performance is greatly improved.The overall structure centering means against leakage of the design's research and development can reach more than 12000psi, reaches the technical requirements of airtight special buckle.
2, down-hole is adopted to start self-locking braced structures
(1) down-hole starts formula supporting way
As rigidity centering means, down-hole enters power under starting the advantage sleeve pipe of formula not to be increased, cased operation is very convenient, but it is by being that steel band thereon flattens by spring leaf that existing down-hole starts formula centering means, be fixed together, steel band is controlled by a locking device, after going into the well with sleeve pipe, pressure reduction is utilized to open locking device and opened by steel band, discharge spring arcuate tab, because the elastic force of spring arcuate tab when flattening is larger, during startup, steel band is difficult to ensure steadily to open when stressed, effect placed in the middle is like this difficult to control, and the piston type supporting form that the design adopts, when not opening, N level supporter is all within centering means, when overpressure increases, due to the difference of piston bottom surface area, first N level supporter starts to start, after putting in place, startup successively at different levels is until the first order, when N level supporter starts, the startup of support piston is only relevant with the pressure in sleeve pipe, have nothing to do with other factor.When the pressure in sleeve pipe reaches 1500 ~ 2000psi, N level supporter will start, and the support force of > 4000N can be produced, this support force (also minimal reset power) is much higher than standard value (standard value 2758N), and the performance in former residence is very superior.
In order to ensure that centering means is in down-hole effectively start, the design's centering means N level support piston all to be broken ring with bottom, the ring scission pressure that breaks is different, object guarantees the sequence starting of support piston, when overpressure one timing, due to the area difference bottom support piston, N level support piston is started in advance, and then be N-1 level, be finally that first order support piston starts, ensure the centering effect of centering means in down-hole.
(2) can in different wells lock support body, make sleeve pipe reliably placed in the middle
In horizontal well extended reach well, the defect of existing centering means is more and more obvious, main expression does not ensure at reset force, tripping force is higher, large and the demand that tubing string rotates can not be met with the friction factor of the borehole wall, and the centering means of these research and development is owing to being open-type after going into the well, completely avoid the friction with the borehole wall, meet the front rotation requirement to tubing string placed in the middle, easy to use equally to irregular well, starting pressure is low simultaneously, when opening under the state of the pressure in sleeve pipe at 1500 ~ 2000psi, once startup C shape location, supporter at different levels can lock by self-locking ring, every grade of supporting body surface has again ratchet-shaped N level locating groove, support piston can be fixed on certain position, and produce very high support force, equally can be effectively placed in the middle in irregular borehole, guarantee sleeve pipe centralizer in the wellbore, N level joint ring effectively can seal support piston again, centering means support piston is enable to bear the overpressure of > 10000psi and not leak, through the actual use at scene, effect is quite obvious.
3, namely the support cap of circular arc ensure that larger support force, additionally reduces the damage to the borehole wall
No matter be flexible or rigidity centering means, the contact of its strong point and the borehole wall is all linear contact lay or point cantact.Just larger in order to ensure the unit pressure of certain support force then strong point, thus cause the damage to the borehole wall, and the curved support cap that the design adopts, effectively can fit with the borehole wall, line or point cantact be changed into the face contact of circular arc, effectively reduce the unit pressure of the strong point, in turn ensure that very high support force, minimum on the damage impact of the borehole wall, completely avoid the defect of existing apparatus, very reliable and practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the external structure schematic diagram of a down-hole opened self-locking formula casing centralization device provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation before the support portion placed in the middle in the present invention is opened;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation after the support portion placed in the middle in the present invention is opened;
Fig. 4 is the close-up schematic view of part A in Fig. 3.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of down-hole provided by the invention opened self-locking formula casing centralization device, comprise the connecting portion 1 and connecting portion 22 that are positioned at two ends, support portion 3 placed in the middle is provided with between connecting portion 1 and connecting portion 22, connecting portion 1 and connecting portion 22 all adopt the helicitic texture be connected with sleeve pipe, wherein, connecting portion 1 adopts LTC PIN screw thread, and connecting portion 22 adopts LTC BOX screw thread.
The present invention adopts and can the form of thread connection and sleeve pipe be connected, instead of joint to bind round and the anastomosis playing joint hoop, be characterized in namely avoiding elasticity centering means owing to being enclosed within the outside of tubing string and the problem of uncontrollable centering means in the position of down-hole, turn avoid rigidity centering means causes setting of casing difficulty problem to the raising of tubing string rigidity.Meanwhile, owing to having saved cost of production to substituting of joint hoop, middle position is relatively fixing, easy to operate during setting of casing, reliable, and splice sleeve is of a size of 41/2 " ~ 51/2 ".
Composition graphs 2 to Fig. 4, support portion 3 placed in the middle comprises the connected body 5 of hollow, and the circumference of connected body 5 is evenly equipped with three N level piston type self-locking support devices stretched out step by step under pressure, and N >=2, further illustrate the present invention for N=3 below.
Each 3 grades of piston type self-locking support devices comprise the supporter shell 4-1 be fixed on connected body 5 and the 3 grades of supporters be made up of first order supporter 4-2 to third level supporter 4-4, connected body 5 has the unlatching throttle orifice 4-10 communicated with supporter shell 4-1 and 3 grade supporter, fluid pressure enters after in supporter shell 4-1 and 3 grade supporter with throttle orifice 4-10 by opening, 3 grades of supporters stretch out under pressure step by step, after 33 grades of supporters all stretch out and put in place, sleeve position is medially fixedly supported in well.First order supporter 4-2 to be nested in supporter shell 4-1 and to be slidably matched with it, and second level supporter 4-3 to be nested in first order supporter 4-2 and to be slidably matched with it, and third level supporter 4-4 to be nested in the supporter 4-3 of the second level and to be slidably matched with it.First order joint ring 4-9-1 is respectively equipped with, second level joint ring 4-9-2 and third level joint ring 4-9-3 between first order supporter 4-2 and supporter shell 4-1, between second level supporter 4-3 and first order supporter 4-2 and between third level supporter 4-4 and second level supporter 4-3.Be respectively equipped with the first order break ring 4-6-2 and the third level of ring 4-6-1, the second level of breaking to break ring 4-6-3 in the bottom of first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4, the first order is broken the inwall interference fit of ring 4-6-1 and supporter shell 4-1, break ring 4-6-2 and the first order of the second level is broken the inwall interference fit of ring 4-6-1, breaks the inwall interference fit of ring 4-6-2 in break ring 4-6-3 and the second level of the third level.
The present invention is circumferentially being evenly distributed with three 3 grades piston type self-locking support devices, energy three grades of 3 grades of supporters stretched out are housed in each device, in 3 grades of supporters first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 due to the difference of sectional area tripping force also different, when keeping constant pressure (psi) value in sleeve pipe, first third level supporter 4-4 starts, after putting in place, second level supporter 4-3 starts, and restarts first order supporter 4-2 after moving into place equally.In order to ensure the boot sequence of 3 grades of supporters, at first order supporter 4-2, the bottom of second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 is equipped with the first order respectively and is broken ring 4-6-1, break ring 4-6-2 and the third level is broken ring 4-6-3 in the second level, this ring that breaks has the different starting pressures that breaks, its order of breaking successively to be broken ring 4-6-3 for the third level, break ring 4-6-2 in the second level, the first order is broken ring 4-6-1, starting pressure at different levels is the multiple of prime, P2=2P3, P1=2P2 (P3, P2, P1 is respectively the third level and breaks ring 4-6-3, break ring 4-6-2 and the first order of the second level is broken the starting pressure value of ring 4-6-1), when the pressure reduction in sleeve pipe reaches 1000 ~ 2000psi, can start.The advantage of these three grades of bracing or strutting arrangements is exactly that starting pressure is low, reset force minimum during startup is > 3000N, and after every grade of startup, every one-level all can produce corresponding reset force, three grades all start, maximum reset force is by the weight far beyond tubing string, and the performance in former residence is very reliable.
The present invention is respectively equipped with three first order ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-1, the second level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-2 and third level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-3 that arrange from top to bottom on the outer circumference surface of first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4.The inwall of supporter shell 4-1, first order supporter 4-2 and second level supporter 4-3 is respectively equipped with first order C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-1, second level C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-2 and third level C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-3, and first order C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-1, second level C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-2 and third level C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-3 match with first order ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-1, second level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-2 and third level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-3 respectively.
When first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 start, first order ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-1, the second level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-2 on first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 surface and third level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-3 can locate self-locking ring 4-8-1 with first order C shape, second level C shape locates self-locking ring 4-8-2 and third level C shape is located self-locking ring 4-8-3 and produced one and lock.There are three first order ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-1, second level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-2 and third level ratchet-shaped locating slot 4-7-3 in first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 surface, make first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 can be fixed on arbitrary extended position, go for different wells.Owing to being location self-locking, therefore after first order supporter 4-2, second level supporter 4-3 and third level supporter 4-4 stretch out self-locking, its reset force produced is constant, can't change with the effect of external force, maximum reset force determined with the shear strength of first order C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-1, second level C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-2 and third level C shape location self-locking ring 4-8-3, therefore being much higher than the weight of tubing string, this form of structure is not available for current existing centering means.
Be provided with in the end of each third level supporter 4-4 for supporting with the borehole wall support portion 4-5 contacted, it is that semi arch supports contact cap 4-5-1 that this support portion 4-5 and the borehole wall support the part contacted.
When reset force is larger, the strong point of centering means and the contact area of the borehole wall are the keys that can tubing string accurately placed in the middle.When contact area is too small, strong point unit is stressed very large, can play destruction and cannot be well placed in the middle by tubing string, when the area of the strong point is larger to the borehole wall, because the support force of unit area is little, can effectively reduce the destruction of the borehole wall between two parties by support tube column.The present invention adopts semi arch to support hat type and supports the way of contact, allow support and be transformed into face contact from point cantact, thus the unit significantly reducing the borehole wall is stressed, constant to the support of tubing string intensity placed in the middle, efficiently reduce and the support of the borehole wall is destroyed, ensure that sleeve pipe centering effect in the wellbore.
Go into the well conveniently to make sleeve pipe tubing string, centering means provided by the invention adopts down-hole pressure open-type, when sleeve pipe is after down-hole arrives assigned address, the unlatching being controlled supporter by the pressure in sleeve pipe makes casing centralization, namely this unlatching supporting way can not produce the borehole wall and destroy, can adapt to different wells again, reduce the requirement to well, range of application is greatly expanded.
Centering means of the present invention is through the use in hydraulic test well, and effect is very obvious, and sleeve pipe centralizer is in the wellbore quite accurate after testing, and the displacement efficiency of cementing concrete is high, and cementing quality is stablized, and obtains the consistent favorable comment of user, now promotes the use of.