CN104221799B - A kind of seedling-cultivating method of pears detoxification test tube plantlet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for growing seedlings of pear virus-free test tube seedlings, comprising steps: 1, breeding of rootstock seedlings: placing rootstock seeds in a greenhouse for isolated tissue culture; preparing for grafting when semi-lignified; 2, pear virus-free test tubes Seedling cultivation: Grafting can be carried out when the virus-free test tube seedlings have 5-7 buds; 3. Grafting: Then cut longitudinally with a blade along the middle of the section, insert the wedge-shaped part of the scion into the incision, align the scion with the ends of the rootstock stem, Wrap the interface tightly with a sealing film, then cover the grafted seedlings with a plastic film bag and tie them tightly; 4. Manage after grafting. The present invention grafts virus-free pear seedlings as scions to pear seedlings that are bred as rootstocks and do not carry viruses, so as to obtain virus-free pear seedlings, thereby effectively overcoming the problem that the virus-free test-tube seedlings of pears are difficult to take root and fall to the ground.

Description

A kind of seedling raising method of virus-free pear test-tube plantlets

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pear tree cultivation, and relates to a method for growing pear seedlings in test tubes which overcomes the virus-free effect.

Background technique

Pear is the second largest deciduous fruit tree mainly planted in my country and occupies an important position in the national economy. According to statistics from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in 2011 China's pear harvested area and total output were 1.132 million hectares and 15.945 million tons, respectively, accounting for 70.1% and 66.7% of the world's total pear harvested area and output, ranking first in the world. However, due to the ubiquity of viral diseases such as pear ring mosaic virus, pear vein yellow virus, and pear stonepox virus in pear production, the growth and fruit yield of pear trees have been affected to a certain extent, so the breeding of virus-free pear seedlings has been It is becoming a development trend day by day. Heat treatment combined with shoot tip culture is the main means of cultivating virus-free pear seedlings. But at present, the rooting rate of pear virus-free test tube seedlings is only 50%~60%, and the transplanting survival rate is only 20~30%. The difficult problem of pear virus-free test-tube seedlings taking root and falling to the ground has become a technical obstacle restricting the breeding of pear virus-free seedlings.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to provide a simple and easy method for cultivating pear virus-free test tube seedlings.

Technical scheme provided by the invention:

A method for growing seedlings of pear virus-free test-tube plantlets, comprising the steps of:

1. Breeding of rootstock seedlings:

After the rootstock seeds are stratified, they are sown in a nutrient bowl equipped with a sterilized substrate when the seeds are just sprouting, and placed in a greenhouse for isolated tissue culture;

When the seedling height is 5-7cm, the stem is 0.2cm thick and semi-lignified, it is ready for grafting;

Water enough water the day before grafting;

2. Cultivation of pear virus-free test-tube plantlets:

Cultivate the virus-free test-tube seedlings at 25°C for 28-32 days, and they can be grafted when they have 5-7 buds;

Before grafting, it is necessary to open the bottle and harden the seedlings for 7 days, and the light gradually becomes stronger, so that it gradually adapts to the external environment;

3. Grafting:

Cut the semi-lignified stem segments below the three buds of the virus-free test tube seedlings as the scion, and cut the base into a wedge shape; select the semi-lignified middle and upper parts of the rootstock seedlings with the same or similar thickness as the scion Cut off, then cut longitudinally with a blade along the middle of the section, insert the wedge-shaped part of the scion into the incision, align the scion with the two ends of the rootstock stem, wrap the joint tightly with a sealing film, and then cover the grafted seedlings with a plastic film bag and tie them tightly;

Shade the grafted seedlings from 10:00 am to 15:00 pm every day;

The temperature of the greenhouse is kept between 20~25℃, and the humidity is kept at 70~80%;

4. Management after grafting:

10 days after grafting, remove the plastic bag, and gradually cancel the shading, and completely cancel it when two new leaves grow;

Timely removal of sprouts from rootstock seedlings;

When the grafted seedling grows to about 110cm, it is topped continuously to promote its fullness and thickening.

The step of gradually canceling the shade is to reduce the shade for 1 hour every day.

The rootstock seedling is Duli pear, and the virus-free test-tube seedling is the test-tube seedling of 'Jin Shui No. 2'.

Beneficial effect:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Overcame the difficult problem that pear virus-free test-tube seedlings are difficult to take root and land, and the obtained pear virus-free seedlings can be directly used in production;

2. Test-tube seedlings are not limited by natural conditions and can be supplied all year round, so the breeding of pear seedlings can be supplied year-round.

3. The statistical grafting survival rate of the present invention is 87.5%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the scion figure of detoxification test-tube plantlet of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the grafting schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the binding figure of film after grafting of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the bagging figure after grafting of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a bag-unpacking diagram of grafted survival of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples.

The basic idea of the invention is to adopt a set of technical measures to solve the difficult problem that the pear virus-free test-tube seedlings in production are difficult to take root and fall to the ground.

Fig. 1 is the growth state of 'Jin Shui No. 2' pear virus-free test-tube plantlet;

Fig. 2 is the grafting schematic diagram of the present invention, and the upper segment green is the 'Jin Shui No. 2' scion of 3 buds below the stem tip of the detoxification test tube seedling, and the grayish brown of the lower segment is the Du pear stock seedling;

Fig. 3 is the binding step of the grafting process: binding after the cuts of the scion and stock are aligned;

Fig. 4 carries out bagging process to grafted seedling after grafting;

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the survival of grafted seedlings.

Example 1

In 2013, the method of the present invention was used to solve the problem that the virus-free test-tube seedlings of 'Jinshui No. 2' pears in production were difficult to take root and fall to the ground. The specific technical steps are as follows:

1. Breeding of rootstock seedlings:

On January 30, the bean pear seeds that had undergone stratification treatment until they just sprouted were sown in a nutrient bowl equipped with a sterilized substrate, and placed in a greenhouse for isolation cultivation. The temperature in the greenhouse is 28°C during the day and not lower than 8°C at night. Prepare for grafting when the height of the seedlings is 7-10 cm and the thickness of the stem reaches 0.2 cm. Water enough water the day before grafting.

2. Cultivation of pear virus-free test-tube plantlets:

On March 5, the virus-free test-tube seedlings of 'Jinshui No. 2' pears were subcultured. After culturing at 25°C for 28-32 days, grafting can be carried out when there are 5-7 buds. Before grafting, the seedlings need to be uncorked for 7 days, and the light gradually becomes stronger to adapt to the external environment.

3. Grafting:

On April 11, grafting was carried out. Cut the semi-lignified stems at the three buds below the stem tip of the virus-free pear seedlings as scions, and cut the base into a wedge shape; choose the semi-lignified mid-upper part of bean pear seedlings whose thickness is similar to or slightly larger than that of the scion. Cut off the part, then cut longitudinally with a blade along the middle of the section, then quickly insert the wedge-shaped part of the scion into the incision, align the scion with the ends of the rootstock stem, wrap the joint tightly with a parafilm, and then cover it tightly with a plastic film tape. Shade the grafted seedlings from 10:00 to 15:00 on sunny days. The greenhouse temperature is maintained at 20-25°C, and the humidity is 70-80%.

4. Management after grafting:

On April 21, plastic bags were lifted. After that, reduce the shade for 1 hour every day, and cancel the shade until the 26th. Remove the sprouts from pears in time. When the grafted seedling grows to about 110cm, it is topped continuously to promote its fullness and thickening. Seedlings out of the nursery standards refer to the industry standard "Pear Seedlings" (NY475-2002) of the Ministry of Agriculture.

The above date is only a specific implementation date of this technical solution, and does not mean that the present invention must be realized on the date recorded here. As long as there are material and environmental conditions to realize this solution, it should be within the protection scope of the present invention .

Current research generally believes that seeds do not carry viruses, so seedlings bred from soybean pear seeds do not carry viruses. The present invention utilizes this technical principle, grafts pear virus-free test-tube seedlings as scions to seed-breeding pear seedlings that do not carry viruses as rootstocks, thereby obtaining virus-free pear seedlings, thereby effectively overcoming the virus-free test-tube seedlings of pears. Difficult to take root.

Claims (3)

1. a method for raising seedlings of pear virus-free test-tube plantlets, comprising steps: 1. Breeding of rootstock seedlings: After the rootstock seeds are stratified, they are sown in a nutrient bowl equipped with a sterilized substrate when the seeds are just sprouting, and placed in a greenhouse for isolation and cultivation; When the seedling height is 5-7cm, the stem is 0.2cm thick and semi-lignified, it is ready for grafting; Water enough water the day before grafting; 2. Cultivation of pear virus-free test-tube plantlets: Cultivate the virus-free test-tube seedlings at 25°C for 28-32 days, and graft when there are 5-7 buds; Before grafting, it is necessary to open the bottle and harden the seedlings for 7 days, and the light gradually becomes stronger, so that it gradually adapts to the external environment; 3. Grafting: Cut the semi-lignified stem segments below the three buds of the virus-free test tube seedlings as the scion, and cut the base into a wedge shape; select the semi-lignified middle and upper parts of the rootstock seedlings with the same or similar thickness as the scion Cut off, then cut longitudinally with a blade along the middle of the section, insert the wedge-shaped part of the scion into the incision, align the scion with the two ends of the rootstock stem, wrap the joint tightly with a sealing film, and then cover the grafted seedlings with a plastic film bag and tie them tightly; Shade the grafted seedlings from 10:00 am to 15:00 pm every day; The temperature of the greenhouse is kept between 20~25℃, and the humidity is kept at 70~80%; 4. Management after grafting: 10 days after grafting, remove the plastic film bag, and gradually cancel the shading, and completely cancel it when two new leaves grow; Timely removal of sprouts from rootstock seedlings; When the grafted seedling grows to about 110cm, it is topped continuously to promote its fullness and thickening. 2. The seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the step of gradually canceling shade is to reduce shade for 1 hour every day. 3. the method for raising seedlings as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described stock seedling is pear, and described detoxification test-tube seedling is the test-tube seedling of ' Jin Shui No. 2 '.