CN104220142A - Filter element and air filter - Google Patents
Filter element and air filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104220142A CN104220142A CN201380015954.3A CN201380015954A CN104220142A CN 104220142 A CN104220142 A CN 104220142A CN 201380015954 A CN201380015954 A CN 201380015954A CN 104220142 A CN104220142 A CN 104220142A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- filter element
- filter
- support member
- folding carton
- connector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0039—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with flow guiding by feed or discharge devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
- B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
- B01D46/0006—Filter elements or cartridges installed in a drawer-like manner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/0201—Housings; Casings; Frame constructions; Lids; Manufacturing or assembling thereof
- F02M35/0202—Manufacturing or assembling; Materials for air cleaner housings
- F02M35/0203—Manufacturing or assembling; Materials for air cleaner housings by using clamps, catches, locks or the like, e.g. for disposable plug-in filter cartridges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/024—Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened
- F02M35/02416—Fixing, mounting, supporting or arranging filter elements; Filter element cartridges
- F02M35/02425—Support structures increasing the stability or stiffness of the filter element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2265/02—Non-permanent measures for connecting different parts of the filter
- B01D2265/024—Mounting aids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2265/02—Non-permanent measures for connecting different parts of the filter
- B01D2265/024—Mounting aids
- B01D2265/025—Mounting aids making use of ramps or cams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2271/00—Sealings for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2271/02—Gaskets, sealings
- B01D2271/027—Radial sealings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/60—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for the intake of internal combustion engines or turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to a filter element (18), particularly a flat filter element, particularly of an air filter (10), particularly of an internal combustion engine, particularly of a motor vehicle, as well as an air filter (10). Said filter element (18) comprises a filter bellows (52) on which at least one support element (42) is arranged to support the filter element (18) against a filter housing (12) in which said filter element (18) may be arranged. The at least one support element (42) is arranged on at least one edge (70, 72, 74) of the filter bellows (52) and projects outwards from the top of said filter bellows (52).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the filter element especially flat filter parts of the particularly air cleaner of the especially internal combustion engine of particularly motor vehicle, it is with filtration folding carton, this filtration folding carton is provided with at least one support member, for filter element support top is come to filter housings, filter element can be arranged in this filter housings.
The invention still further relates to the air cleaner of the especially internal combustion engine of particularly motor vehicle, it is with filter housings, this filter housings has housing cavity, at least one entrance for air to be cleaned and at least one outlet for clean air, filter element particularly filter element of the present invention is provided with in this housing cavity, thus this filter element exports at least one entrance and separates with at least one, wherein, filter element comprises filtration folding carton, this filtration folding carton is provided with at least one support member, for filter element support top is come to filter housings.
Background technology
By the known a kind of air filter module with filter element and side frame of GB 1 446 195.Filter element can be made up of filter paper or another kind of suitable material.Side frame surrounds sealing ring.Sealing ring is made up of the material identical with frame remaining part.Sealing circle is the part of the entirety of frame.Each sidewall in four sidewalls of frame is configured with the projection of multiple cylindricality.During operation, air filter unit is arranged in filter housings.Filter housings comprises the case half of two band rectangular cross sections.Filter element is inserted in the accommodation section in filter housings, thus the end wall of projection contacts first case half.Two case half keep together by means of mechanism for quick fixing, and fix relative to filter element.Seal top is pressed onto in the first case half.Along four sidewalls of frame, projection guarantees that filter element is correctly arranged in filter housings.
The object of the invention is to, the filter element of type described in introductory song and air cleaner are designed, make filter element can reliably and/or position accurately remain in filter housings.Filter element particularly can be protected especially to filter folding carton from mechanical load.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, the implementation of this object is, at least one support member directly and/or be indirectly arranged in filter folding carton at least one limit on and protrude from filtration folding carton outside.
According to the present invention, at least one support member protrudes from least one limit of filtering folding carton.Protect at least one limit in this way.
At least one support member can be advantageously arranged in the lateral surface particularly in end side surface filtering folding carton.At least one support member is arranged in the region at least one limit of filtering folding carton, and described limit is advantageously formed by least two lateral surfaces adjoined each other filtering folding carton.At least one support member is advantageously filtering at least one side in the side protruding from least one limit of formation outside folding carton.
At least one limit can be advantageously the folded edge on actual limit, particularly filtering medium, is folded into filtration folding carton by filtering medium.At least one limit also can be the limit formed by some faces, at least one bread in these faces covers a side of filtering folding carton, or being formed by filtering the point of other reality of folding carton, line or limit, particularly being formed by the end limit of the filtration folding carton folded or folded edge.
At least one support member can advantageously surround or sandwich at least one limit.At least one support member particularly can extend along the face forming at least one limit along two sides.
At least one support member can outwardly in one of side.Can support in one direction in this way.At least one support member also can protrude from two adjacent sides.Can support in the two directions in this way.Advantageously, at least one support member can protrude from filtration folding carton relative to component axes or relative to the axis parallel with component axes diametrically and/or in the axial direction.Correspondingly relative to component axes or relative to parallel axis, filter element can be supported on filter housings diametrically and/or in the axial direction in this way.
At least one support member can contact filtration folding carton, particularly contacts at least one limit.At least one support member also can be arranged at least one limit with filtration folding carton at interval.At least one support member also can particularly end body and/or connector be connected with filtration folding carton indirectly by bindiny mechanism.In this case, at least one support member can suitably be arranged, makes its contact filtration folding carton, or it is arranged at least one limit at interval with filtration folding carton.
At least one support member can be arranged on the diverse location filtering folding carton.Also different support members can be set in the different aspects of filtering folding carton.Also at filter housings and/or under filtering folding carton moulding complicated situation, filter element can be supported in filter housings equably in this way.
At least one support member can, through expedients, make it can compensate the site error of filter element in filter housings.In addition, at least one support member can be provided with vibration suppression characteristic.Can suppress in this way filter housings be applied to filter element especially filter on folding carton particularly because of the vibration that causes of working.The mechanical load filtering folding carton can be reduced thus.Thus the life-span of filtering folding carton can be extended.
At least one support member can protect at least one limit of the filtration folding carton be arranged in filter housings.Filtration folding carton can be prevented from this way particularly to form the filtering medium filtering folding carton rub on filter housings.Wearing and tearing can injure filters folding carton particularly filtering medium.
In addition, at least one limit of filtering folding carton can utilize at least one support member to be protected being encased in the process in filter housings.Advantageously via the closed installing port of housing parts, filter element can be pushed.When pushing, at least one support member can prevent at least one limit from rubbing on filter housing portion and then impaired.
When filter element is encased in filter housings, at least one support member can be advantageously used for guiding piece.This guiding piece is convenient to install filter element.This is especially favourable when the filter housings using cross section in it to narrow relative to housing axis vertically from installing port.
Advantageously, at least one support member can be arranged on the side forward along the installation direction of filter element of filtration folding carton, or gives prominence at least forward relative to this side.Defencive function and/or the guiding function of at least one support member can be improved in this way further.
In addition, at least one support member can pack, storage and/or delivery of filtered parts time protect at least one limit.At least one support member can make filter element be protected when particularly dropping on hard bottom.
Advantageously, support member can be set on multiple limit, and/or multiple support member is set at least one limit.Support and/or defencive function and/or error compensation can be improved in this way further.In addition, the mechanical load that may occur can be made thus to be distributed to equably on filter element.
At least one support member can advantageously separate with the possible seal of filter element.At least one support member itself especially can not have sealing function.Independent of corresponding sealing surface, at least one support member can be positioned on filtration folding carton in this way.The support function of at least one support member can be optimized thus.At least one support member can be arranged in the position being suitable for support and/or installing space of filter housings.In addition, the shape of at least one support member and corresponding size can choose at random.
Some filter element extends along component axes direction, and be suspended in filter housings or be fixed in the region of axial end portion, such as particularly the flat filter parts of dark wrinkle are exactly this situation, and particularly heavier filter element and/or above-mentioned parts have following danger: filter element may rock around its hitch point or fixing point in filter housings.This rocking can cause filtration folding carton impaired.Rock and also can cause mechanical load to hitch point or fixing point, sometimes damage is caused to it.This greatly and/or heavy filter element be especially applied to commercial car particularly bogie or passenger vehicle.Utilize at least one support member can reduce preferably to forbid filter element rocking in filter housings.At least one support member can make the hitch point of filter element in filter housings or fixing point mechanically off-load.
Advantageously, at least one support member can be supported on the side relative with the hitch point in filter housings or fixing point filter element.So just can reduce the tilting moment of the filter element in filter housings.Can reduce to be applied to filter element in this way and particularly filter mechanical load on folding carton.Particularly for large filter element, when not using at least one support member, just there will be the tilting moment injuring and filter folding carton.
Advantageously, multiple support component can be arranged on the lateral surface relative with component axes of filtration folding carton.Filter element can be supported on opposite sides in this way, and clamp between correspondingly relative filter head housings body wall and fix.
Advantageously at least one support member Modularly can be arranged on and filter on folding carton.Especially selectively multiple support member can be arranged on and filter on folding carton, described support member can size and/or vpg connection different.Selectively same filter element can be arranged in different filter housings in this way.By the corresponding selection at least one support member, possible installing space difference just can be made up.
Advantageously at least one support member releasably can be arranged on and filter on folding carton.When correspondingly can use filter element in this way in another filter housings with another particularly larger, support member that is less and/or other shape change at least one support member described.
Advantageously, at least one support member can also be the control member of functional part for handling filter housings particularly switch or opening.At least one support member especially can with the opening on housing bottom, maintenance switch, for the diaphragm of water out and/or the mating reaction of hot-air aspirating mechanism.Additional control member can be saved in this way.When filter element is correctly installed, can automatically handle.
Additionally or alternatively, at least one support member also can be used as addressable part.It through suitably design, thus just correctly can only can be installed to filter element in filter housings when filter element is equipped with at least one support member with filter housings adaptation.
At least one support member can be advantageously flexible parts, it is particularly made up of rubber or elastomer.Error compensation and/or vibration suppression can be improved in this way.At least one support member can manufacture individually, and is connected with filtration folding carton afterwards.Alternatively, at least one support member especially can adopt bicomponent injection molding method directly or to be indirectly connected with filtration folding carton.
Advantageously, filter element can be flat filter parts.Flat filter parts can comprise the filtering medium relative to folding with filtering folding carton "the" shape.The filtering medium of flat filter parts is not closed, and that is, end wrinkle are not interconnected as end limit.Unlike this, the filtering medium of circular filter parts is closed, and that is, its end wrinkle are interconnected.End wrinkle are wrinkle that two in the relative end side surface of filtering folding carton are outer.End edge is two edges exposed of filtering medium, and these edges stretch along end wrinkle and limit described end wrinkle in the end side surface of filtering folding carton.Filtering the end limit of folding carton is filter two of folding carton other exposed edge, and these edges extend and according to the folded situation stretching, extension of filtering folding carton between end edge.Folded edge is some limits, and filtering medium is along these edge contractions.For "the" shape for the square filtration folding carton that folds, end edge and folded edge are straight, and stretch in parallel to each other."the" shape ground, end limit stretches, and perpendicular to end edge and folded edge.These end limits form the end flank side surface of filtering folding carton respectively.
Filter folding carton and preferably roughly there is polyhedral shape.Advantageously, filtering folding carton can be cube shaped, square, pyramid, prismatic, wedge shape etc.
For ease of understanding, when carrying out aforementioned explanation to the flat filter parts of general square shape, the axis being parallel to folded edge extension is called x-axis line.The axis being parallel to crimps height stretching, extension perpendicular to x-axis line of flat filter parts is called z-axis line.Axis perpendicular to x-axis line and perpendicular to the stretching, extension of z-axis line is called y-axis line.
The component axial of filter element can advantageously overlap with z-axis line.Advantageously along z-axis line direction, filter element can be encased in filter housings.Thus installation direction can overlap with z-axis line.Filter axis can be advantageously crossing with the inflow side of filter element and outflow side.The main flow direction that filtration folding carton to be utilized carries out the fluid filtered advantageously can be parallel to the stretching, extension of z-axis line.The housing axis of filter housings advantageously can be parallel to z-axis line and stretch.Housing axis especially axially can stretch relative to component axes.
Filter folding carton and can advantageously have dark wrinkle.This means, for quadratic filter folding carton, the extension distance on the z-axis line direction corresponding to crimps height is greater than the extension distance on x-axis line direction and/or on y-axis line direction.Also variable crimps height and/or wrinkle tendency can be specified.Crimps height and/or wrinkle tendency correspondingly can change in filtration folding carton.
Filter element can be advantageously disposed in the air cleaner of commercial car particularly bogie, passenger vehicle, constructional engineering vehicle or agricultural machinery.The size of this filter element can design larger compared to the filter element of car.
According to a kind of favourable embodiment, at least one support member can be arranged on the drift angle place of filtering folding carton.In this way, at least one support member can protect multiple limits of meeting at drift angle place of filtering folding carton.At least one support member is arranged on drift angle place, so, can supporting relative on the no matter radial of component axes or axial direction.
Advantageously at the relative drift angle place of filtering folding carton, support component can be set respectively.Filtration folding carton can be supported equably in this way.Can also particularly when filter element falls down and/or when filter element is encased in filter housings, drift angle be protected to avoid better so impaired.
Those drift angles at support member place can advantageously relative to component axes particularly z-axis line relatively put.In this way, filter element can be supported on filter housings in the diametrically side relative to component axes.
Alternatively or additionally, those drift angles at support member place can relative to by component axes particularly z-axis line and the plane that x-axis line is formed and/or relative to particularly z-axis line is relative with the plane that y-axis line is formed and put by component axes.In this way, filter element can correspondingly be supported on filter housings on the direction of x-axis line and/or on the direction of y-axis line.
Advantageously, a support member can be respectively set at whole drift angle places forward along the direction that filter element is installed in filter housings of filtering folding carton.Filter element can be made in this way to be protected at it equably along the side that installation direction is forward and support.In addition, support member also can contribute to improving and/or simplifiedly filter element being arranged in filter housings as guiding piece.
According to the embodiment that another is favourable, at least one support member protrudes from the whole sides adjacent with drift angle if desired with at least one limit of filtering folding carton.In this way, at least one support member can be utilized to protect on whole free direction and support and filter folding carton.
The embodiment favourable according to another, at least one connector particularly end body can at least be connected along at least one limit with filtration folding carton, and at least one support member can directly or indirectly be fixed at least one connector.
At least one connector can be advantageously disposed on relative on the lateral face of component axes or forward face.
At least one connector can advantageously contribute to filtering the firm and/or shaping of folding carton.At least one support member is arranged at least one connector, filter element so just can be made particularly to filter folding carton and to be especially supported on filter housings mechanically off-load further.Support force can be delivered to filter element by filter housings equably and/or in large area by least one support member and at least one connector and particularly filter on folding carton.
At least one connector or can adopt injection moulding process particularly to filter folding carton with filter element and be connected advantageous by bonding, welding.At least one connector also can be molded into by bubbling mode (angesch umt) or Foam Expansion mode (aufgesch umt) and filter on folding carton.It also can adopt mechanical system to be particularly especially connected with filtration folding carton with filter element by locking mechanism or bonding agency.
At least one side of at least one connector can extend along the limit at least one support member place.At least one connector can advantageously extend along at least one side of filtering folding carton, and this side forms at least one limit together with at least one support member.In this way, filter element particularly filters folding carton and is supported on equably on corresponding side.
At least one connector can be a part for frame or frame, and it at least surrounds in local peripheral and filters folding carton.
Advantageously, at least one connector can have at least one fixed mechanism, and at least one support member can be connected with this fixed mechanism.Can advantageously realize with at least one fixed mechanism can the connector particularly locking connection of connector.Utilization the connector of connector can realize relative to connector connector direction axially transmitting force simply.The connector direction of connector advantageously can be in axis relative at least one supports support to the direction on filter housings.Support can be improved further in this way.Connector direction advantageously can be parallel to the component axes of filter element and/or be parallel to it and be arranged on direction in filter housings.At least one fixed mechanism advantageously can have the projection of particularly sagittate or peg type, and at least one support member can be inserted in described projection.At least one support member can be connected with at least one fixed mechanism to form fit.
At least one fixed mechanism can be advantageously disposed on the drift angle place of at least one connector.At least one support member can be arranged on the corresponding drift angle place of filtering folding carton simply in this way.
At least one support member can releasably or not releasably be connected with at least one connector.
At least one connector can be the frame with plastic encapsulation injection moulding.At least one fixed mechanism can be the prolongation of frame.It can be connected integratedly with frame.
Connector can be advantageously end body.End body can advantageously settle its corresponding side will filter folding carton sealing.End body can be advantageously disposed in the end flank side surface of folding filtration folding carton.At least one end body can be implemented as end plate.Utilize dish type can reduce to take up room.Disc-like end portions body preferably can be made up of plastics hard component, but also alternatively or addedly can have the non-woven fabrics band covered the described side of filtering folding carton.
At least one support member also can advantageously be fixed at least one connector indirectly.
According to the embodiment that another is favourable, at least one support member can be fixed on supporter particularly in supportive grid, and this supporter can be connected with at least one connector and maybe can connect.Supporter can install at least one support member in advance.At least one support member can be connected with at least one connector together with supporter.Installation cost can be reduced in this way.Utilize supporter additionally particularly can filter folding carton by firm filter element.Supporter can be connected with at least one support member securely.It also can releasably be connected with at least one connector.
Supporter can be advantageously disposed on the side forward along installation direction of filtration folding carton.In this way, supporter can make filtration folding carton be protected when being encased in filter housings.
Supporter can be advantageously supportive grid.Supportive grid advantageously can through fluid.Thus supportive grid also can be arranged on the outflow side or inflow side of filtering folding carton.Also supportive grid can be utilized in this way to come firm and/or protect inflow side or outflow side.
Supporter can through expedients, thus it can be fixed on multiple connector with corresponding section, and these connectors can extend on the not ipsilateral filtering folding carton.
Supporter can be advantageously disposed between two end bodies of filtration folding carton.It can be connected with corresponding end body in side respectively.
At least one supporter advantageously can have corresponding fixed mechanism particularly protruding or connector pin, for fixing particularly at least one support member of connector.
According to the embodiment that another is favourable, supporter can by can connector connector especially locking connection be connected with at least one connector.Locking connection can connect simply and unclamp.Supporter can be made in this way to be connected with at least one connector simply.And locking connection is mechanically firm.
Advantageously, connector can unclamp.Thus, when changing filter element, at least one supporter with at least one support member be fixed thereon separates with filtration folding carton.Supporter with at least one support member can reuse.
Supporter also can be modular component.Thus different supporters can be used according to the applicable cases of filter element in different filter housings.
At least one support member can advantageous by can connector connector particularly locking connection be connected with supporter.Utilization the connector of connector can realize relative to connector connector direction axially transmitting force simply.The connector direction of connector advantageously can be in axis relative at least one supports support to the direction on filter housings.Support can be improved further in this way.Connector direction advantageously can be parallel to the component axes of filter element and/or be parallel to it and be arranged on direction in filter housings.Support function can be improved further thus.
The embodiment favourable according to another, can be provided with the seal stretched in periphery relative to component axes, is used for sealing relative to filter housings.Seal is utilized can reliably to make the originally fluid side of filter element and pure fluid side be separated from each other.So just can make at least one entrance of filter housings and at least one export and be reliably separated from each other.
Seal can also have maintenance function.Advantageously, seal can abut on the sealing surface of filter housings.Filter element can advantageously utilize seal to be suspended on or be fixed in filter housings.Sealing surface can be advantageously disposed near installing port.
In the embodiment that another is favourable, at least one support member can be arranged on the reference cell axis of filtration folding carton with on the axial relative side of seal.Filter element can reliably utilize seal to utilize at least one supports support on opposite sides on the other hand thus on the one hand.Filter element rocking in filter housings can be reduced thus.Be applied to the mechanical load that filter element particularly filters on folding carton can be reduced thus.Supporter can be arranged on the reference cell axis filtering folding carton relative side axial with seal if desired.
Advantageously, in the aspect of the radial direction relative to installation direction, the extension distance of filter element in the region of at least one support member is more medium and small than the region at seal.In this way, filter element can when being encased in filter housings, with the side with at least one support member forward, through the corresponding sealing surface for seal of filter housings, through installing port.Larger seal can abut on sealing surface.
In addition, the housing cavity of filter housings can narrow in the mounting direction.External cross section due to filter element amasss and correspondingly reduces in the side with at least one support member, and filter element can be encased in filter housings simply.
Research shows, if amass the ratio long-pending with the external cross section in seal region at the external cross section of the side with at least one support member, make a reservation for according to the axial distance relative to component axes between at least one support member and at least one seal, then can in the result supported and/or be optimized in installation.
According to the embodiment that another is favourable, with two support members that the axial section at component axes place is put relatively for reference, radially be supported on filter housings relative to component axes or relative to the axis parallel with component axes when installing filter element, transverse to particularly perpendicular to the support distances in the aspect of the first radial direction of component axes between the outer support section of the radial direction of described support member, be less than in the second radial aspect being parallel to the first radial aspect seal with axial section be with reference to two the sealing sections relatively put between seal distance, described sealing section is installing the corresponding sealing surface sealing relative to filter housings in filter element situation.Support function can be improved in this way and power is delivered to and filter on folding carton.
Support distances can an advantageously little value, and this value can make a reservation for according at the axial distance relative to component axes of identical peripheral side between support section and sealing section filtering folding carton.
Support distances advantageously can be substantially equal to the about 2%-5% preferably 3.5% that seal distance deducts the preferably average axial distance between support section and sealing section.In this way can in the result supporting and realize in power transmission optimization.
According to the present invention, described technical purpose is also realized as follows by air cleaner: at least one support member directly or is indirectly arranged at least one limit of filtration folding carton, and protrudes from filtration folding carton outside.
Correspondingly be applicable to air cleaner of the present invention in conjunction with the advantage described in filter element of the present invention and favourable embodiment thereof and feature above, vice versa.
Filter housings can advantageously have closed installing port, filter element can be encased in housing cavity via this installing port.
Advantageously, filter housings interior cross section with housing axis for narrowing compared to the face, opening rank street of installing port at least partly with reference to the side axially relative with installing port.
Advantageously, filter housings is stretch toward each other with reference at least two internal circumferential faces diametrically with housing axis.
Filter housings advantageously can have at least one supporting leg in the side axially relative with installing port relative to housing axis, and filter element can utilize at least one supports support on described supporting leg.At least one supporting leg can be advantageously disposed at least one radial inner peripheral surface of filter housings.
At least one supporting leg can advantageously be suitable for axially particularly axially supporting relative to component axes relative to housing axis.Alternatively or additionally, at least one supporting leg can be designed to particularly radially support relative to component axes or relative to the axis with housing axis being parallel relative to housing axis.At least one supporting leg can be advantageously disposed on the sidewall of filter housings.
Utilize at least one supporting leg can improve the power transmission in axis and/or radial direction between filter housings and filter element.At least one supporting leg can also be utilized to be encased in the degree of depth in filter housings along installation direction to limit filter element.
At least one supporting leg advantageously can be designed to the counterpart with at least one support member adaptation.Can prevent thus may not being encased in filter housings with the filter element of filter housings adaptation.The functional reliability of air cleaner can be improved in this way.Advantageously, at least one supporting leg can have at least one positioning drum block, and this positioning drum block can correctly installed in the corresponding location depression being inserted at least one support member in filter element situation.At least one supporting leg can also have supporting surface, and at least one support member can abut on described supporting surface.
brief accompanying drawing explanation
Other advantage of the present invention, characteristic sum details can be obtained by explanation subsequently, wherein detail embodiments of the invention with reference to accompanying drawing.Those skilled in the art also can investigate separately the disclosed feature of combination in accompanying drawing, description and claims and carry out other useful combination according to object.
In these schematic diagrames:
Fig. 1 is the exploded view of the air cleaner according to the first embodiment, and it is with the flat filter parts of automobile;
Fig. 2 is the exploded view under another visual angle of the air cleaner of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 illustrates the air cleaner closed of Fig. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 is the top view of the air cleaner of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the cross side longitudinal section along the cutting of empty cutting line V-V of the air cleaner of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal side longitudinal section along the cutting of empty cutting line VI-VI of the air cleaner of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal side longitudinal section along the cutting of empty cutting line VII-VII of the flat filter parts of the air cleaner of Fig. 4;
Fig. 8 is the detailed section view along the cutting of empty cutting line VIII-VIII of the air cleaner of Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is the detailed section view along the cutting of empty cutting line Ⅸ-Ⅸ of the air cleaner of Fig. 5;
Figure 10 is the exploded view of housing tank, the flat filter parts of the air cleaner of with good grounds second embodiment of its band, and this air cleaner is similar to the air cleaner of Fig. 1 ~ 9;
Figure 11 is the detail drawing of the flat filter parts of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the exploded view of the flat filter parts of Figure 10 and 11;
Figure 13 is longitudinal side longitudinal section of the air cleaner with flat filter parts according to the 4th embodiment, and this air cleaner is similar to the air cleaner of Fig. 1 ~ 9 and the air cleaner of Figure 10 ~ 12.
Fig. 1 ~ 13 are not that size is accurate.In the drawings, identical parts indicate identical Reference numeral.
embodiments of the present invention
The air cleaner 10 according to the car combustion engine of the first embodiment is shown with different stereograms and sectional view in Fig. 1 ~ 9.This air cleaner 10 comprises openable filter housings 12, and this filter housings is made up of housing tank 14 and Casing top 16.Filter element 18 is removably provided with in filter housings 12.
Filter housings 12 has the entrance 20 for air to be filtered, and this entrance is centrally located on Casing top 16.Outlet 22 for filtered air is positioned at the sidewall of housing tank 14.
Filter housings 12 is roughly square on the whole.It is flat on the direction of the x-axis line of filter element 18.Filter housings 12 extends on the direction of the housing axis 24 extended through housing tank 14 and Casing top 16.In the embodiment shown, housing axis 24 stretches coaxially with the z-axis line of filter element 18.The z-axis line of filter element 18 is perpendicular to x-axis line.In the embodiment shown, the installation direction that filter element 18 is installed in housing tank 14 axially stretches relative to housing axis 24.Entrance 20 is coaxial with housing axis 24.
Housing tank 14 has installing port 26 in its side towards Casing top 16, and this installing port can be closed with Casing top 16.Installing port 26 has the cross section of rectangle.Filter element 18 can be inserted in housing tank 14 via installing port 26.
Installing port 26 is surrounded by the mounting flange 28 of tank side, and this mounting flange extends radially outwardly relative to housing axis 24 in the outside of housing tank 14.The mounting flange 28 of tank side has seal groove 30, and sealing groove circumferential closure ground surrounds installing port 26, and opens wide in that side of the wall deviating from housing tank 14.Sealing surface 32 is formed on the bottom of seal groove 30, and under air cleaner 10 encapsulation situations, the seal 34 of filter element 18 abuts on sealing face hermetically.
Two parallel guiding edge strips 36 are provided integrally with in the radial inner circumferential side of the narrow sidewall of housing tank 14.These guide edge strip 36 axially to stretch relative to housing axis 24.They for guiding filter element 18 when mounted in housing tank 14.
Guiding the end deviating from installing port 26 of edge strip 36, there is the supporting surface 38 of corresponding supporting leg 40 respectively.When loading filter element 18, these supporting surfaces 38 axially support relative to housing axis 24 support member 42 of filter element 18 respectively.
These supporting surfaces 38 are medially respectively arranged with the positioning drum block 43 being parallel to housing axis 24 and stretching.These positioning drum blocks 43 are inserted into when loading filter element 18 in the corresponding location depression 45 on the end face of support member 42.
Supporting leg 40 be implemented as at housing tank 14 relative to the calixconcavity on the limit, longitudinal side of housing axis 24 axis.These supporting legs 40 radially and axially stretch respectively relative to housing axis 24.Axially observe relative to housing axis 24, supporting leg 40 from the bottom of the tank of housing tank 14 in the of 44, outlet 22 deviate from all sides of at the bottom of tank 44 before stop.
No matter on the x-axis line direction of filter element 18, or on its y-axis line direction, housing tank 14 all 44 to narrow at the bottom of tank from installing port 26.Y-axis line perpendicular to x-axis line, and perpendicular to z-axis line.
Casing top 16 has the mounting flange 46 of roof side, and this mounting flange surrounds housing axis 24 in circumference.When mounting filter housing 12, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, being inserted in seal groove 30 relative to the radial outer edge of housing axis 24 of mounting flange 46 of roof side.In this way, seal 34 clamps hermetically between the mounting flange 46 and the mounting flange 28 of tank side of roof side.Seal 34 has the tendency of the roughly umbrella shape tilted relative to the component axes 48 of filter element 18.Component axes 48 stretches upwards in the z-axis line side of filter element 18.In the embodiment shown, when loading filter element 18, component axes 48 is overlapping with housing axis 34.
The medial surface of the narrow cross wall of Casing top 16 is provided integrally with two reinforcing ribs 50 shown in Fig. 2 and 5 respectively.
Filter element 18 is designed to flat filter parts.The filtration folding carton 52 that the filtering medium 54 folded by "the" shape that filter element 18 comprises general square shape is formed.Filtering medium 54 can be filter paper, filtering non-woven cloth or other folding filtering medium being suitable for filtered air.Filter folding carton 52 to be also made up of the filtering medium of the filtering medium of non-collapsible such as filter foam or winding.Filtering medium 54 folds along folded edge 56.Folded edge 56 in parallel to each other and be parallel to filter element 18 x-axis line stretch.
Flow into one of folded edge 56 of side such as shown in Figure 1.One of folded edge 56 that figure 2 illustrates outflow side.The fold height of folding filtering medium 54 axially extends relative to component axes 48.That filters folding carton 52 is obviously greater than the width on x-axis line direction filtering folding carton 52 and the length on the y-axis line direction of filter element 18 of filtering folding carton 52 relative to the height of component axes 48 axis.Therefore, folding can be expressed as low-lying.
The end limit of filtering folding carton 52 forms end flank side surface 58.These end flank side surface are positioned on the side that reference cell axis 48 relatively puts.End flank side surface 58 stretches in parallel to each other, and is parallel to the plane formed by y-axis line and z-axis line.
The inflow side 60 be positioned in fig 1 and 2 is above formed by the folded edge 56 in the side towards Casing top 16.
Be positioned in fig 1 and 2 outflow side 62 below by the bottom of the tank towards housing tank 14 44 the folded edge 56 of side formed.
The end flank side surface 58 of filtering folding carton 52 respectively there is an end plate 64 be connected with the end limit being positioned at there of filtering medium 54 hermetically.These end plates 64 are formed by with the grid of plastic encapsulation injection moulding respectively.End plate 64 is rectangle.
Seal 34 reference cell axis 48 surrounds filtration folding carton 52 and end plate 64 at circumferential closure.The seal is a little less than inflow side 60.
These end plates 64 have two connector projections 66 respectively.These connector projections 66 are positioned near the drift angle of the there of end plate 64 on the edge towards outflow side 62.Some connector projections 66 have been shown in sectional view 6 ~ 8.These connector projections 66 are axially extended the outflow side 62 of filtering folding carton 52 respectively relative to component axes 48.Connector protruding 66 is connected integratedly with end plate 64.
These connector projections 66 are plugged a support member 42 respectively.These support members 42 are made up of elastomeric material such as rubber or elastomer.Support member 42 is positioned on axially relative with the seal 34 outflow side 62 of reference cell axis 48.These support members are arranged on four drift angle places of the outflow side 62 of filtering folding carton 52.Thus support member 42 lays respectively at by first limit 70 of holding one of flank side surface 58 and outflow side 62 to be formed.In addition, each support member 42 is positioned at by filtering the corresponding leading flank 68 of folding carton 52 and flowing out on Second Edge 72 that side 62 formed.Leading flank 68 is being held flank side surface 58 and is being extended as between inflow side 60 on the other hand and outflow side 62 respectively as two on the one hand.Leading flank 68 is made up of the end wrinkle filtering folding carton 52 respectively.In addition, each support member 42 is positioned at and filters on the 3rd limit 74 formed by corresponding leading flank 68 and corresponding end flank side surface 58 of folding carton 52.Meet at drift angle place in three limits 70,72 and 74.
Support member 42 reference cell axis 48 axially protrudes from the corresponding end flank side surface 58 of filtering folding carton 52.In addition, support member 42 axially protrudes from corresponding end flank side surface 58 with reference to y-axis line.In addition, support member 42 axially protrudes from corresponding leading flank 68 with reference to x-axis line.In a word, support member 42 reference cell axis 48 axially and radially protrudes from and filters folding carton 52.
When correctly installing filter element 18, each support member 42 is axially supported on the corresponding supporting surface 38 of supporting leg 40 relative to housing axis 24 and component axes 48.In addition, each support member 42 is supported on the sidewall of corresponding longitudinal side of housing tank 14 to ground relative to the y-axis bobbin of filter element 18.In addition, each support member 42 is supported on the sidewall of corresponding cross side of housing tank 14 to ground relative to x-axis bobbin.
Two support members 42 are about relative with the plane that z-axis line is formed by y-axis line and put, relative to x-axis line axially at a distance of the support interval 75 shown in Figure 6 of the outer support section 76 of the end avris of described support member, be always less than relative to x-axis line axially at a distance of the sealed gap 77 of the sealing section 78 of the end avris of seal 34.Support that interval 75 is substantially equal to that sealed gap 77 deducts the spacing 79 relative to component axes 48 axis between the end outer support section 76 of avris and the sealing section 78 of corresponding end avris about 2% ~ 5% preferably 3.5%.
When mounted, filter element 18 with inflow side 62 forward and be axially inserted in housing tank 14 via installing port 26 relative to component axes 48 and housing axis 24.Now, the filter element 18 with end plate 64 guides along guiding edge strip 36.
When correctly installing filter element 18, reference cell axis 48 side be positioned at above of support member 42 abuts on the supporting surface 38 of supporting leg 40.Positioning drum block 43 is inserted in the depression 45 of corresponding location.The support section of the end outer support section 76 of avris and the corresponding front side of support member 42 abuts on the corresponding sidewall of filter housings tank 14.
Seal 34 extend in the seal groove 30 of housing tank 14.Filter element 18 hangs on the seal 34 in housing tank 14.In this case, the sealing section of the sealing section 78 of avris and the front side of seal 34 is held to abut on the sealing surface 32 of seal groove 30.
Second embodiment of air cleaner 110 has been shown in Figure 10 ~ 12.The parts similar with the first embodiment of Fig. 1 ~ 9 indicate identical Reference numeral and add 100.
Different from the first embodiment, the support member 142 of the second embodiment non-immediate are fixed on end plate 164.These support members are fixed in the supportive grid 180 that is connected with end plate 164.Illustrate in detail supportive grid 180 in fig. 12.Supportive grid 180 can pass through air.This supportive grid is positioned on the outflow side 162 of filtration folding carton 142.This supportive grid covers in flow out side 162 completely.
At it towards the side of filtering folding carton 152, supportive grid 180 respectively has a kayser tank 182 at its drift angle place.Correspondingly, end plate 164 respectively has a kayser pin 184 at its drift angle place towards supportive grid 180.These kayser pins 184 have the sagittate free end being designed to kayser hook respectively.In order to make supportive grid 180 be connected with end plate 164, kayser pin 184 is inserted in kayser tank 182.
These support members 142 are arranged on the drift angle place of supportive grid 180 securely.Their size and support function thereof are corresponding to the support member 42 of the first embodiment.
In addition, the forward edge of supportive grid 180 is provided with the intermediate support 143 of two front sides.These intermediate support 143 lay respectively at when installing supportive grid 180 on the limit 172 between leading flank 168 and the outflow side 162 of filtering folding carton 152.Namely intermediate support 143 protrudes from the corresponding leading flank 168 filtering folding carton 152 respectively on the axial direction relative to component axes 148 on the direction of z-axis line.Supportive grid 180 with intermediate support 143 protrudes from two leading flanks 168 respectively and flows out side 162 on the direction of y-axis line.
Support member 142 and intermediate support 143 are made up of elastomeric material, and be molded into or spray in supportive grid 180.They alternatively also can be made up of described supportive grid integratedly.Also can arrange corresponding connector protruding in supportive grid 180, support member 142 and/or intermediate support 143 can be inserted in described connector projection similarly with the first embodiment.
Figure 13 illustrates longitudinal side longitudinal section of the air cleaner 310 according to the 4th embodiment.The parts similar with the first embodiment of Fig. 1 ~ 9 indicate identical Reference numeral and add 300.
Claims (11)
1. the particularly air cleaner (10 of the particularly especially internal combustion engine of motor vehicle; 110; 310) filter element (18; 118; 318) especially flat filter parts, with filtration folding carton (52; 152; 352), this filtration folding carton is provided with at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342), for filter element (18; 118; 318) support top comes to filter housings (12; 112; 312) on, filter element (18; 118; 318) can be arranged in this filter housings, it is characterized in that, at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342) filtration folding carton (52 is arranged in; 152; 352) at least one limit (70,72,74; 170,172,174; 370) go up and protrude from filtration folding carton (52 outside; 152; 352).
2. filter element as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342) directly and/or indirectly and releasably or be not releasably fixed on and filter folding carton (52; 152; 352) on.
3. filter element as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, at least one support member (42; 142; 342) filtration folding carton (52 is arranged in; 152; 352) drift angle place.
4., as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, at least one support member (42; 142; 342) filtration folding carton (52 is protruded from; 152; 352) with at least one limit (70,72,74; 170,172,174; 370) adjacent with drift angle if desired whole sides (58,62,68; 158,162,168; 358).
5., as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, at least one connector is end body (64 particularly; 164; 264; 364) at least along at least one limit (70,74; 170,174; 370) with filtration folding carton (52; 152; 352) connect, at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342) at least one connector (64 directly and/or is indirectly fixed on; 164; 364) on.
6. as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, at least one support member (142,143) is fixed on supporter particularly in supportive grid (180), and this supporter is connected with at least one connector (164) and maybe can connects.
7., as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, supporter (180) by can connector connector especially locking connection (182,184) be connected with at least one connector (164).
8., as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, be provided with relative to component axes (48; 148; 348) seal (34 stretched in periphery; 134; 334), be used for relative to filter housings (12; 112; 312) seal.
9., as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342) filtration folding carton (52 is arranged on; 152; 352) reference cell axis (48; 148; 348) with seal (34; 134; 334) axially relative side (62; 162; 362) on.
10., as filter element in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, with component axes (48; 348) axial section at place is two support members (42 with reference to relatively putting; 342), can at installation filter element (18; 318) time relative to component axes or relative to component axes (48; 348) parallel axis is radially supported on filter housings (12; 312) on, transverse to particularly perpendicular to component axes (48; 348) in the support section (76 that the radial direction of described support member is outer in the aspect of the first radial direction; 376) support distances (75 between; 375), be less than in the second radial aspect being parallel to the first radial aspect at seal (34; 334) take axial section as two sealing sections (78 with reference to relatively putting; 378) seal distance (77 between; 377), described sealing section can at installation filter element (18; 318) in situation relative to filter housings (12; 312) corresponding sealing surface (32; 332) seal.
The air cleaner (10 of the 11. particularly especially internal combustion engines of motor vehicle; 110; 310), with filter housings (12; 112; 312), this filter housings has housing cavity, at least one entrance (20 for air to be cleaned; 120; 320) and at least one outlet (22 for clean air; 122; 322) in this housing cavity, be provided with filter element particularly filter element (18 of the present invention; 118; 318), thus this filter element at least one entrance (20; 120; 320) (22 are exported with at least one; 122; 322) separately, wherein, filter element (18; 118; 318) filtration folding carton (52 is comprised; 152; 352), this filtration folding carton is provided with at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342), for filter element is supported (18; 118; 318) filter housings (12 is leaned; 112; 312) on, it is characterized in that, at least one support member (42; 142,143; 342) filtration folding carton (52 is arranged in; 152; 352) at least one limit (70,72,74; 170,172,174; 370) go up and protrude from filtration folding carton (52 outside; 152; 352).
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012005734.2 | 2012-03-23 | ||
| DE102012005731.8 | 2012-03-23 | ||
| DE102012005734A DE102012005734A1 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Flat filter element, filter housing and air filter |
| DE102012005732A DE102012005732A1 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Flat filter element and air filter |
| DE102012005731.8A DE102012005731B4 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Air filter and filter element of an air filter |
| DE102012005732.6 | 2012-03-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/056223 WO2013139992A1 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2013-03-25 | Filter element and air filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104220142A true CN104220142A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104220142B CN104220142B (en) | 2017-12-12 |
Family
ID=48045477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380015954.3A Active CN104220142B (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2013-03-25 | Filter element and air cleaner |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9289710B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2827966A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104220142B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013139992A1 (en) |
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| US11198083B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2021-12-14 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridges; air cleaner assemblies; housings; features; components; and, methods |
| US10512868B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2019-12-24 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridges; air cleaner assemblies; housings; features; components; and, methods |
| CN107847843B (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2020-05-05 | 唐纳森公司 | Air filter element and air filter assembly |
| CN107847843A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-03-27 | 唐纳森公司 | Filtering element for air filter and air cleaner assembly |
| US11660558B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2023-05-30 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridges; air cleaner assemblies; housings; features; components; and, methods |
| US11020698B2 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2021-06-01 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Filter with variable cross-section axial seal |
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| US11198082B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2021-12-14 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridges; air cleaner assemblies; housings; features; components; and methods |
| US11801466B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2023-10-31 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter cartridges; air cleaner assemblies; housings; features; components; and, methods |
| CN113473894A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2021-10-01 | 塞尔达塑料工贸股份有限公司 | Rotary jet propeller with 2K type seal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104220142B (en) | 2017-12-12 |
| EP2827966A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| US9289710B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
| WO2013139992A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
| US20150007533A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
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