CN104213922A - Stability augmentation short step construction method for advanced water drainage of lower guide pit in tunnel passing water-rich strata - Google Patents
Stability augmentation short step construction method for advanced water drainage of lower guide pit in tunnel passing water-rich strata Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stability augmentation short step construction method for advanced water drainage of a lower guide pit in tunnel-passing water-rich strata. The stability augmentation short step construction method comprises the following steps: firstly determining the construction position of the lower guide pit; then carrying out construction on the lower guide pit; when the construction on the lower guide pit is carried out N meters, stopping the construction, and sealing a tunnel face; then draining and unwatering residual water on the interfaces of saturated zones and rocks on the upper fracture surface; after unwatering, carrying out construction on remaining upper fracture surface; then carrying out construction to obtain a stable primary support system; then dismantling a temporary support system for secondary construction. A tunnel can pass through the water-rich strata, and the method is high in stability, simple in construction, low in cost and high in speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method of tunnel, under being specifically related to a kind of Tunnel Passing water rich strata, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method.
Background technology
The country of Central Asia western in China that rainfall is concentrated and " model silk of ancient times road " is along the line, to degrade by earth's surface and native rock zone (face) neutralization of outer geologic agent and the slide rock body that formed is strong, rich water in halo-weathering zone, the soil body is saturated, this rich water-saturated zone soil rock mass strength is low, under the impacts such as construction disturbance, easily there is the overall collapse that shearing slip causes existing slide rock body along this face.It is all by lower leaf on tunnel tunnel face and vertical piecemeal that current large cross-section tunnel passes through soft stratum with engineering methods such as being with the CD method, CRD method and the glasses method that generally adopt, changing big cross section is the light section step by step closed, and can ensure the stability of face and top, tunnel, side; But the slump of saturated clays along full water base scar cannot be ensured to the soil of full water, the construction of rock bonding surface; Simultaneously, adopt the fritter excavation of layering, piecemeal, construction disturbance will cause the repeatedly distribution again of surrouding rock stress repeatedly, particularly to the thixotropy soil of disturbance sensitivity, even construction disturbance will make soil strength reduce " in flowing " state repeatedly, be unfavorable for the stable of tunnel structure and face.And this kind of engineering method complex procedures, speed of application is slow, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming above-mentioned prior art, under providing a kind of Tunnel Passing water rich strata, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method, and the method can realize the rich water-bed layer of Tunnel Passing, and good stability, construction is simple, cost is low, and speed is fast.
For achieving the above object, under Tunnel Passing water rich strata of the present invention, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method and comprises the following steps:
1) in work progress, determine the occurrence of passing through full water rock bonding surface according to geologic prediction and construction illustration information, determine the construction location of downside base tunnel;
2) in the work progress of the rich water and soil layer of Tunnel Passing or basement rock zone of saturation, on the downside of tunnel, adjacent basement rock side, base tunnel is constructed in advance, supporting is stablized by the mode expanding arch springing, then arch springing construction is carried out, after arch springing excavation enters basement rock, to the bottom pad concrete block in the hole of excavating in basement rock, simultaneously, in construction, adopt advanced double-layer tube to carry out advance support, downside base tunnel adopts tunneling boring Ring Cutting provided core soil method or second order method to construct according to the information of the face soil body, construct to full section of tunnel when downside base tunnel and stop construction during N rice after entering stable basement rock, and close face,
3) pass through before and after rich water-band at downside base tunnel and respectively delay within the scope of M rice, drain and the zone of saturation of side section and the residual water of rock soil interface on drainage by applying drain hole to base tunnel side, downside;
4) when after ground zone of saturation water drainage in upper side section, two benching tunnelling methods are adopted to construct to remaining upper side section, and the parallel excavation of substep, substep is parallel simultaneously applies arch wall preliminary bracing, and in Bracing Process, inverted arch preliminary bracing is at Preset Time inner sealing Cheng Huan, make inverted arch preliminary bracing at Preset Time inner sealing Cheng Huan, obtain preliminary bracing system firmly, then remove temporary lining system, carry out two lining constructions;
5) repeat step 1), 2), 3) and 4), under completing Tunnel Passing water rich strata, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction.
N equals 5, M and equals 2.
The pipe thickness of described double-layer tube is 5mm, and the diameter of double-layer tube is 42mm, and in work progress, the spacing between adjacent two double-layer tubes is 4m.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Under Tunnel Passing water rich strata of the present invention, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method in work progress, first determine the construction location of downside base tunnel, then downside base tunnel is constructed, when base tunnel construction in downside stops construction to during N rice, and close face, then the zone of saturation of side section and the residual water of rock soil interface in excretion and drainage, after drainage, remaining upper side section is constructed, construction obtains firm preliminary bracing system again, and then remove temporary lining system and carry out two lining constructions, thus effectively realize the rich water-bed layer of Tunnel Passing, and good stability, construction is simple, cost is low, speed is fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tunnel cross section figure in work progress of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is tunnel profile figure in work progress of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, under Tunnel Passing water rich strata of the present invention, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method and comprises the following steps:
1) in work progress, determine the occurrence of passing through full water rock bonding surface according to geologic prediction and construction illustration information, determine the construction location of downside base tunnel;
2) in the work progress of the rich water and soil layer of Tunnel Passing or basement rock zone of saturation, on the downside of tunnel, adjacent basement rock side, base tunnel is constructed in advance, when arch springing construction does not enter basement rock, supporting is stablized by the mode expanding arch springing, then arch springing construction is carried out, after arch springing excavation enters basement rock, to the bottom pad concrete block in the hole of excavating in basement rock, simultaneously, in construction, adopt advanced double-layer tube to carry out advance support, downside base tunnel adopts tunneling boring Ring Cutting provided core soil method or second order method to construct according to the information of the face soil body, construct to full section of tunnel when downside base tunnel and stop construction during N rice after entering stable basement rock, and close face, wherein, N equals 5,
3) pass through before and after rich water-band at downside base tunnel and respectively delay within the scope of M rice, drain and the zone of saturation of side section and the residual water of rock soil interface on drainage by applying drain hole to base tunnel side, downside, wherein, M equals 2.
4) when after ground zone of saturation water drainage in upper side section, two benching tunnelling methods are adopted to construct to remaining upper side section, and the parallel excavation of substep, substep is parallel simultaneously applies arch wall preliminary bracing, in Bracing Process, inverted arch preliminary bracing, at Preset Time inner sealing Cheng Huan, obtains firm preliminary bracing system, then remove temporary lining system, carry out two lining constructions;
5) repeat step 1), 2), 3) and 4), under completing Tunnel Passing water rich strata, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction.
It should be noted that, the pipe thickness stating double-layer tube is 5mm, and the diameter of double-layer tube is 42mm, and in work progress, the spacing between adjacent two double-layer tubes is 4m.
Embodiment one
The domestic Dushanbe of Tajikistan to Kuo Lemaiduan highway (be called for short Ta Zhong highway) connects Tajikistan south Hart Long Zhou and east Georgina Bardach still autonomous prefecture the international road be connected with Chinese eastern Pamir highway transport trunk line, develop, to formation and the Eurasian economic cooperation of Asia highway network and develop and will produce material impact to the economic trade of tower, middle two countries.Ta Zhong highway is designed by China Road & Bridge Engineering Co., Ltd, construct and purchase over contract, is EPC project (turn-key project).
Ta Zhong highway Qiao Er Mazak tunnel is Dushanbe to the important pivot engineering on Dan Jiala (native place of president) arterial highway, to improving tower traffic and even in strengthening, tower commerce and trade logistics contact more and more has great importance.The long 4430m in Qiao Er Mazak tunnel, be positioned at Tajikistan to Chinese Highway reconstruction and extension project first phase Dushanbe to Dan Jiala C section, be the highway tunnel of single hole two way, in tunnel, design speed is 50 kilometers/hour.According to the reply about " transformation project first stage of the project (Tajikistan is to mosquito highway) DUSHANBE-DANGARA section engineering repaired by DUSHANBE-KULMA highway " preliminary design of " transformation project first stage of the project (Tajikistan is to mosquito highway) DUSHANBE-DANGARA section engineering repaired by the DUSHANBE-KULMA highway " investigation report of establishment China Road & Bridge Engineering Co., Ltd in December, 2009 and Ministry of Communications of Tajikistan.Construction of tunnel presses Class III highway type design, and dominant design criterion is as follows:
(1) designed driving speed 50km/h;
(2) clearance of tunnel: tunnel clear span 9.5m, clear height 6.9m, clearance of tunnel height 5.0m;
(3) design traffic volume: according to " investigation report " prediction, 2022 annual traffics reach 5363/day, and the year two thousand thirty will reach 6788/day;
(4) pavement design load in hole: designing and calculating road surface load, highway-II level.
Clearance of tunnel is according to Russian relevant specification, in conjunction with Tajikistan's country's suggestion and the People's Republic of China (PRC) " highway tunnel design specifications " promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government (JTG D70-2004) design, clearance of tunnel list hole clear span adopts 9.5m, cross section consists of: (0.75+0.5+3.5 × 2+0.5+0.75) m, track clearance height 5.0m, bilateral maintaining roadway is established in tunnel.Tunnel Internal periphery adopts holocentric circle cross section, its Internal periphery clear span 9.8m, clear height 6.9m; Tunnel Internal periphery, except meeting pertinent regulations, also contemplates the ancillary facility requisite spaces such as hole internal drainage, ventilation, illumination, also contemplates the factors such as structure stress is good, constructability simultaneously.
Qiao Er mark pricks gram tunnel and be provided with every about 750m band one place of stopping in emergency on the right side of direction of traffic, and its cross section consists of (0.75+3.5 × 2+3.5+0.75) m, and design of section adopts three-core circle, and clear height adopts 7.8m.
Sui Zhi district landforms belong to high mountain landforms, and barrel place massif is for crossing ridge, and in the middle of overall physical features, high two ends are low, ground level 1200 ~ 1630 ~ 1120m, relative relief 510m.Tunnel's entrance and exit place landform is more slow, and the gradient is 20-38 °, and the maximum buried depth in tunnel is about 419m.
Sui Zhi district belongs to typical continental climate, and increase continental climate aggravation with height above sea level, temperature Change is obvious.1 monthly mean temperature-2 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C, minimum temperature-20 °; 7 monthly mean temperatures are 35 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C, maximum temperature more than 40 °.Precipitation focuses mostly in winter, season in spring two, annual precipitation 150 ~ 250 millimeters.
The cheuch cutting of Sui Zhi district is strong, and hillside is precipitous, and domatic major part is loess, and vegetation coverage is lower, compares and is conducive to natural drainage.Sui Zhi district formation lithology is mainly loess, sandstone, siltstone, limestone add slate, and top rock mass is in strong ~ slightly weathered rock mass, and developmental joint fissure, water permeability is better, because the gradient is unfavorable for more greatly not moisture.On it, local complexity second is the residual deluvium (Q of Holocene series
2) loess, water permeability is stronger.This section mainly accepts the supply of Atmospheric precipitation and accumulated snow, and because cheuch cutting is serious, depth of cut is large, and infiltration capacity is generally less, strongly weathered sand-rock, and permeable not moisture, underground water storage requirement is poor, and precipitation and snowmelt many suitable slopes body flow into cheuch.There is Bedrock Crevice Water in section local, tunnel location, the water yield is more weak, changes with season.Less on the impact in tunnel, when tunnel excavation is constructed, particularly when wet season and snow melt excavation construction in season, tunnel's entrance and exit section there will be drench with rain shape or shape water outlet of shoving.Unfavorable to the stability of Tunnel slope and surrounding rock of chamber, should detecting water by pilot hole be carried out if desired, particularly when to oblique core portion, should draw attention during construction.
Exposure stratum, Sui Zhi district is mainly loess, sandstone, siltstone, limestone and slate; Top layer is carried out and is stamped first be residual deluvium and second is residual deluvium.Now extremely always be described below by by new:
1) second is the residual deluvium (Q of Holocene series
2): based on loess, deep yellow, pale brown and micro-red.Have a small amount of macropore or without macropore, soil property is tight, tool columnar joint, anti-erosion power is strong, soil property is comparatively even, and lose bedding, Jiang Shi is few and little on top, Jiang Shi particle diameter 5 ~ 20cm under paleosol layer, and stratification distribution, or become calcite cementation layer, bottom grittiness and handstone distribution, what be mainly distributed in tunnel faces upward slope, hillside and Po Ding.
2) first is the residual deluvium (Q of Holocene series
1f): based on loess and loess type, micro-red and reddish brown etc.Do not have a macropore, soil property is closely to hard, and uniform particles, columnar joint is grown, and lose bedding, Jiang Shi content is few, stratification or be sporadicly distributed in soil layer, particle diameter 1 ~ 3cm, sometimes containing the coarse granule such as sand and gravel soil layer.
3) argillaceous rocks class
(1) shale: be to be dewatered cementing forming by clay, based on clay mineral, major part has obvious thin layer to manage, in foliaceous.Lithology weak, easy-weathering fragmentates, and intensity is low, is easy to softening and loses stability with water effect.
(2) mud stone: composition is similar to shale, normal one-tenth thick-layer shape.Take kaolinite as the mud stone of main component, normal in canescence or yellow-white, water imbibition is strong, meets water after-tack.Take montmorillonite as the mud stone of main component, normal in white, rose-colored or light green color, there is sliding sense on surface, and plasticity is little, and water imbibition is high, and after water suction, volume sharply expands.
(3) sandstone, siltstone: Dark grey, mineral composition is based on feldspar, and acinose texture, massive structure, rock is many in Clastic texture, and developmental joint fissure, part location is relatively complete and hard.This stratum is the main country rock of tunnel cavern, and normal and slate is the exposure of alternating layers shape.By its rate of decay, three weathered zones such as severely-weathered, weak weathering, gentle breeze can be divided in depth of exploration.Severely-weathered [σ o]=400KPa, weak weathering [σ o]=1000KPa.
(4) feldspar quartz packsand: aubergine, mineral composition is based on feldspar, quartz, and acinose texture, massive structure, rock is many in Clastic texture, and developmental joint fissure, part location is relatively complete and hard.By its rate of decay, three weathered zones such as severely-weathered, weak weathering, gentle breeze can be divided into.Severely-weathered [σ o]=400KPa, weak weathering [σ o]=1000KPa.
(5) limestone: dark-grey ~ light grey, mineralogical composition, to decompose Shi Weizhu, secondly contains a small amount of dolomite and clay mineral.What have pure chemistry effect to generate has crystalline texture, when crystal grain is superfine, can form the obvious crystalline limestone of crystal grain through recrystallization.The limestone generated by biological chemistry action, normal containing abundant organic matter remains.General containing some dolomites and clay mineral in limestone.
Ta Zhong highway Qiao Er Mazak tunnel entrance passes through loess and mud stone unconformity contact zones, and this section of loess is satisfied water, and basement rock mud stone is impervious stratum, the rich water of this ground Binding protein of Tunnel Passing, Analyses of Tunnel Wall Rock Stability extreme difference, excavation self-stable ability is weak, controls totally unfavorable to excavation.And tunnel cross-section is large, excavation supporting difficulty, difficulty of construction is large.This section of buried depth is more than 50m, and as taked precipitation outside hole in construction, interim expropriation of land difficulty is large, and the cycle is long, and easily causes unnecessary dispute; Outside hole, the dewatering construction cycle is long simultaneously, and efficiency is low, and precipitation cost is high; And contact due to the unconformity of native rock bonding surface, outside hole, precipitation cannot the interfacial water that exists of drainage local, easily because the existence of this interfacial water causes occurring that local flow collapses in construction, causes tunnel support structure unstability.In construction, adopt the short step construction engineering method construction of " side is led leading draining and increased steady ", make tunnel pass through Tu Yan smoothly to satisfy water contact zones, avoid the problem that precipitation outside hole needs interim expropriation of land and long construction period, substantially increase speed of application, for the safe, through fast of this tunnel has made huge contribution, achieve good economic benefit.
Claims (3)
1. under Tunnel Passing water rich strata, base tunnel advance water discharge increases a steady short step construction method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) in work progress, determine the occurrence of passing through full water rock bonding surface according to geologic prediction and construction illustration information, determine the construction location of downside base tunnel;
2) in the work progress of the rich water and soil layer of Tunnel Passing or basement rock zone of saturation, on the downside of tunnel, adjacent basement rock side, base tunnel is constructed in advance, supporting is stablized by the mode expanding arch springing, then arch springing construction is carried out, after arch springing excavation enters basement rock, to the bottom pad concrete block in the hole of excavating in basement rock, simultaneously, in construction, adopt advanced double-layer tube to carry out advance support, downside base tunnel adopts tunneling boring Ring Cutting provided core soil method or second order method to construct according to the information of the face soil body, construct to full section of tunnel when downside base tunnel and stop construction during N rice after entering stable basement rock, and close face,
3) pass through before and after rich water-band at downside base tunnel and respectively delay within the scope of M rice, drain and the zone of saturation of side section and the residual water of rock soil interface on drainage by applying drain hole to base tunnel side, downside;
4) when after ground zone of saturation water drainage in upper side section, two benching tunnelling methods are adopted to construct to remaining upper side section, and the parallel excavation of substep, substep is parallel simultaneously applies arch wall preliminary bracing, and in Bracing Process, inverted arch preliminary bracing is at Preset Time inner sealing Cheng Huan, make inverted arch preliminary bracing at Preset Time inner sealing Cheng Huan, obtain preliminary bracing system firmly, then remove temporary lining system, carry out two lining constructions;
5) repeat step 1), 2), 3) and 4), under completing Tunnel Passing water rich strata, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction.
2. under Tunnel Passing water rich strata according to claim 1, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method, and it is characterized in that, N equals 5, M and equals 2.
3. under Tunnel Passing water rich strata according to claim 1, base tunnel advance water discharge increases steady short step construction method, it is characterized in that, the pipe thickness of described double-layer tube is 5mm, and the diameter of double-layer tube is 42mm, in work progress, the spacing between adjacent two double-layer tubes is 4m.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106555593A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-04-05 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | A kind of big cross section soft rock tunnel is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the construction method of excavation synchronous with inverted arch |
| CN109209397A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-01-15 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction |
| CN109209398A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-01-15 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography tunnel excavation method |
| CN110821512A (en) * | 2019-11-23 | 2020-02-21 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Loess tunnel entrance opening section pre-reinforcing and excavating construction method passing through landslide body |
| CN111271064A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-12 | 西南交通大学 | Excavation construction method for water-rich stratum tunnel stabilization tunnel face |
| CN113530565A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Advanced support method for construction of auxiliary underground excavation section of underground excavation station from inside of main body pilot tunnel of underground excavation station to station |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106555593A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-04-05 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | A kind of big cross section soft rock tunnel is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the construction method of excavation synchronous with inverted arch |
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| CN110821512A (en) * | 2019-11-23 | 2020-02-21 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Loess tunnel entrance opening section pre-reinforcing and excavating construction method passing through landslide body |
| CN111271064A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-12 | 西南交通大学 | Excavation construction method for water-rich stratum tunnel stabilization tunnel face |
| CN113530565A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Advanced support method for construction of auxiliary underground excavation section of underground excavation station from inside of main body pilot tunnel of underground excavation station to station |
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