CN104179573B - A kind of internal combustion engine divides cylinder fired state method of estimation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of internal combustion engine and divide cylinder fired state method of estimation, it comprises the following steps: 1) arranges a cylinder pressure sensor in arbitrary point of cylinder of internal combustion engine, arranges a crankshaft rotational speed sensor on the bent axle of internal combustion engine；2) according to crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model solve each point of cylinder command torque and；3) to command torque andCarry out decomposing to obtain the gas load command torque when ahead firing cylinder；4) cylinder is divided for being provided with cylinder pressure sensor, gas load command torque when it is got angry directly is measured by cylinder pressure sensor, and by measured value and step 3) the gas load command torque when ahead firing cylinder of gained does the error of gas load command torque when difference is got angry with point cylinder obtaining being provided with cylinder pressure sensor, is not provided with the gas load command torque estimated value when cylinder of cylinder pressure sensor is got angry by this error correction.The inventive method can be widely applied to various electronic controlled diesel and electric control gasoline engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of estimation, divide cylinder fired state method of estimation especially with regard to a kind of internal combustion engine.
Background technology
The cylinder pressure signal utilizing internal combustion engine carries out fault diagnosis and control has broad application prospects, but in fact
Border application limited by cylinder pressure sensor cost, for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, need to use multiple cylinder pressure sensor thus
Cost is caused to rise exponentially.Transient speed signals of internal combustion engine is by the another kind of feasible program that fired state is estimated,
But this method being based only on speed of crankshaft analysis is limited by precision, range of application and algorithm complex again to be difficult to
Practical, as a rule many number estimation methods estimated result deviation is relatively big, and estimates that relatively accurate method is because of algorithm
The problem such as complicated, computationally intensive is difficult to carry out.Additionally, this method of estimation is the most poor to different internal combustion engine durabilities.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide that one is easily achieved, implementation cost is low and has degree of precision
Internal combustion engine divide cylinder fired state method of estimation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of internal combustion engine divides cylinder fired state method of estimation,
It comprises the following steps: 1) arranges a cylinder pressure sensor in arbitrary point of cylinder of internal combustion engine, sets on the bent axle of internal combustion engine
Put a crankshaft rotational speed sensor；2) according to crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model solve each point of cylinder command torque and:In above formula,Represent crank angle；Represent that each point of cylinder refers to
Show torque and；Represent each point of cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sum；Represent the load torque of internal combustion engine, i.e.
The most effectively net torque of output；Represent the friction torque of internal combustion engine；Represent the rotation of internal combustion engine shafting
Inertia force torque；I represents the rotary inertia of internal combustion engine shafting；3) to command torque andCarry out decomposing to obtain
Gas load command torque when ahead firing cylinder；4) cylinder is divided, by cylinder pressure sensor for being provided with cylinder pressure sensor
Directly measure gas load command torque when it is got angry, and by measured value and step 3) gained when ahead firing cylinder
Gas load command torque do gas load instruction when difference is got angry with point cylinder obtaining being provided with cylinder pressure sensor
The error of torque, gas load command torque when being not provided with the cylinder ignition of cylinder pressure sensor by this error correction is estimated
Evaluation.
Described step 2) in, the computational methods of each component in crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model are as follows:
1. the rotating inertia force torque of internal combustion engine shafting
The rotating speed of bent axle is obtained by crankshaft rotational speed sensorCalculate further
The most each cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sum
Each cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sumThe reciprocal inertia force torque superposition produced by each point of cylinder obtains, for the
L divides cylinder, its reciprocal inertia force torque
In above formula, mhzRepresent the reciprocating motion equivalent mass of internal combustion engine assembly；Represent that l divides the reciprocal of cylinder
Moving-mass acceleration；L represents the reciprocating mass inertia force arm of force relative to bent axle；
Arm of force L is calculated by following formula:
In above formula, λ represents connecting rod ratio；μ represents piston offset；
L divides the reciprocating mass acceleration of cylinderIt is calculated by following formula:
In above formula, r represents throw of crankshaft；
3. the load torque of internal combustion engine and the friction torque sum of internal combustion engine
According to the cylinder pressure with reference to cylinder, it is calculated the mean effective pressure with reference to cylinder, is multiplied by with reference to cylinder mean effective pressure
Displacement per cylinder i.e. obtains, with reference to cylinder gas load work done, being done work divided by correspondence with reference to cylinder gas load
Crank angle, i.e. obtains load torque and friction torque sum
L divides the reciprocating mass acceleration of cylinderIt is reduced to:
In above formula, j1 represents the first order reciprocating inertia force, andJ2 represents two-stage reciprocating inertia force, and
Due to the fact that and take above technical scheme, it has the advantage that 1, due to the fact that only with a cylinder pressure
Sensor just can feed back the combustion state parameter of multi-cylinder, therefore installs expensive cylinder pressure sensor respectively additional with multi-cylinder
Mode is compared has obvious price advantage.2, due to the fact that a cylinder pressure sensor introducing system so that according to
The fired state feedback model that speed of crankshaft signal is set up is simpler, is suitable for application on site, and precision is higher.3, originally
Invention has structure and mounting arrangements is simple, volume is little, it is only necessary to install a cylinder pressure sensor and right on the engine
Software is upgraded write control algolithm accordingly.The inventive method can be widely applied to various electronic controlled diesel and electric-controlled steam
Oil machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the layout schematic diagram of the inventive method device therefor.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention proposes a kind of internal combustion engine and divides cylinder fired state method of estimation, and it comprises the following steps:
1) as it is shown in figure 1, arrange a cylinder pressure sensor 2 in arbitrary point of cylinder of internal combustion engine 1 (under for convenience of description,
Point cylinder being provided with cylinder pressure sensor 2 is referred to as with reference to cylinder by literary composition), the bent axle of internal combustion engine 1 arranges a speed of crankshaft
Sensor 3.In order to obtain metrical information in real time, it is also possible to arrange one in the outside of internal combustion engine 1 for gathering cylinder
The cylinder pressure signal of pressure sensor 2 and the ECU 4 of the speed of crankshaft signal of crankshaft rotational speed sensor 3.
2) according to crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model solve each point of cylinder command torque and.
In the present embodiment, crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model is as follows:
In above formula,Represent crank angle；Represent each point of cylinder command torque and (the i.e. gas in the jar of command torque is made
The most produced torque)；Represent each point of cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sum；Represent the negative of internal combustion engine
Set torque, the i.e. externally net torque of effectively output；Represent the friction torque of internal combustion engine；Represent internal combustion engine
The rotating inertia force torque of axle system；I represents the rotary inertia of internal combustion engine shafting.
When, after a cylinder firings, the moment of torsion of generation exceedes load torque (including the moment of resistance) and promotes bent axle to accelerate,
When this cylinder enters the working stroke later stage, the next cylinder got angry is in compression stroke, gas in the jar produces
Moment of torsion will be less than load torque and make crankshaft speed reduce, the carrying out that this process is gone round and begun again, its result is sent out exactly
Motivation speed is with the fluctuation of crank angle.Each point of cylinder counter can be pushed away by gas effect according to this Instantaneous Speed Fluctuations signal
The moment of torsion produced.In above-mentioned model, the computational methods of each component are as follows:
1. the rotating inertia force torque of internal combustion engine shaftingAcquisition:
ECU 4 obtains the rotating speed of bent axle by crankshaft rotational speed sensor 3Thus can calculate further
The most each cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sumAcquisition:
Each cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sumThe reciprocal inertia force torque superposition that can be produced by each point of cylinder obtains, for
L divides cylinder, its reciprocal inertia force torque
In above formula, mhzRepresent the reciprocating motion equivalent mass of internal combustion engine assembly；Represent that l divides the reciprocal of cylinder
Moving-mass acceleration；L represents the reciprocating mass inertia force arm of force relative to bent axle；
Arm of force L can be calculated by following formula:
In above formula, λ represents connecting rod ratio；μ represents piston offset；
L divides the reciprocating mass acceleration of cylinderCan be calculated by following formula:
In above formula, r represents throw of crankshaft；Wherein, it is past that relevant to speed of crankshaft one overtones band part is referred to as single order
Multiple inertia force, i.e.The part relevant to speed of crankshaft double frequency is referred to as two-stage reciprocating inertia force,
I.e.Owing to the amplitude of high order component is generally much smaller than the amplitude of single order and second order components, so can
Reciprocal inertia force torque is solved, after simplification to substitute into after reciprocating mass acceleration is reduced to single order and second order components
Reciprocating mass acceleration be:
Above-mentioned various in involved λ, μ, r and mhzAll relevant with internal combustion engine known quantity.
3. the load torque of internal combustion engine and the friction torque sum of internal combustion engineAcquisition:
According to the cylinder pressure (being recorded by cylinder pressure sensor 2) with reference to cylinder, the mean effective pressure with reference to cylinder can be calculated
(calculating the general knowledge that method is this area of mean effective pressure).It is multiplied by displacement per cylinder with reference to cylinder mean effective pressure and get final product
To with reference to cylinder gas load work done.Owing to internal combustion engine is in stable state, gas load is done work and is rubbed
Done work identical with load torque.Done work divided by corresponding crank angle with reference to cylinder gas load, i.e. can be obtained
To load torque and friction torque sum
After obtaining each component in above-mentioned model, i.e. can get each point of cylinder command torque andEstimated value.
3) to command torque andCarry out decomposing to obtain the gas load command torque when ahead firing cylinder.
For Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, when a cylinder is got angry, other cylinder is in non-ignition stroke, then by command torque andCutting the gas load torque sum of non-ignition cylinder, the i.e. available current gas load getting angry cylinder turns
Square.Accordingly, it would be desirable to the gas load torque of look-ahead non-ignition cylinder.
When cylinder is in non-ignition stroke, it is in intake and exhaust stroke or pure compression stroke, produces without burning.Right
For being in the cylinder of intake and exhaust stroke, the air inlet pressure sensor carried according to internal combustion engine is (on general internal combustion engine all
With air inlet pressure sensor) pressure in current cylinder can be obtained, thus this cylinder gas load can be calculated and refer to
Show torque:
In above formula,Represent indication torque；Represent the cylinder pressure of l cylinder；p0Represent atmospheric pressure；A represents
Cylinder area；R represents throw of crankshaft；L represents the reciprocating mass inertia force arm of force relative to bent axle.
For being in the cylinder of pure compression stroke, pure compression process can be considered as adiabatic process of ideal gas,
State change meets The Ideal-Gas Equation P Vk=constant, in above formula, P represents optional position pressure；V represents
Volume of cylinder；K represents gas constant, and its value is 1.37.Therefore, according to admission pressure P0With cylinder during valve-closing
Volume V0, the pressure of the corresponding crank angle of pressure of the cylinder being at compression stroke can be calculated
P1=P0(V0/V1)k, in above formula, P1Represent the pressure of the cylinder being arbitrarily in compression stroke, V1Represent corresponding to pressure
The gas volume of position.And then can calculating torque, computing formula is P1A L, in above formula, A represents that cylinder area (is
Known quantity), L represents the reciprocating mass inertia force arm of force relative to bent axle, and its computational methods have given above.
By command torque andCut the command torque of the cylinder being in intake and exhaust stroke, and the finger of pure compression stroke
Show torque, i.e. obtain being in the gas load command torque estimated value when ahead firing cylinder.
4) error of gas load command torque when getting angry is calculated with reference to cylinder, and by the mistake of the reference cylinder calculated
Difference revises gas load command torque estimated value when getting angry with reference to the cylinder beyond cylinder.
When getting angry with reference to cylinder, cylinder pressure sensor 2 directly it is measured the gas load instruction obtained when it is got angry
Torque, and by measured value and step 3) calculated do difference acquisition when the gas load command torque of ahead firing cylinder
Model error.
The estimated value of the torque of point cylinder of cylinder pressure sensor it is not provided with by the error correction obtained with reference to cylinder.Such as: right
Being the four-cylinder of 4-2-1-3 in firing order, the first cylinder is with reference to cylinder, then the first cylinder can calculate gas work when getting angry
Firmly torque estimated value and error；When the 3rd cylinder get angry time, can be according to step 3) in method calculate an estimated value,
And go to revise the 3rd cylinder error by the error of the 1st cylinder, obtain final estimated result；To the 4th cylinder next got angry and
2nd cylinder, method of estimation is similar with the 3rd cylinder.When again getting angry with reference to cylinder the 1st cylinder, then calculate new error, right
3 non-reference cylinders are got angry and are gone to revise estimated value by new error below, and method is similar to, and circulates and so forth.
The present invention only illustrates with above-described embodiment, the structure of each parts, arranges position and to connect be all to have
Changed, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all improvement individual part carried out according to the principle of the invention and
Equivalents, the most should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. internal combustion engine divides a cylinder fired state method of estimation, and it comprises the following steps:
1) cylinder pressure sensor is set in arbitrary point of cylinder of internal combustion engine, the bent axle of internal combustion engine arranges a speed of crankshaft
Sensor；
2) according to crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model solve each point of cylinder command torque and:
In above formula,Represent crank angle；Represent each point of cylinder command torque and；Represent that each point of cylinder is reciprocal
Moment of inertia sum；Represent the load torque of internal combustion engine, the i.e. externally net torque of effectively output；Table
Show the friction torque of internal combustion engine；Represent the rotating inertia force torque of internal combustion engine shafting；I represents turning of internal combustion engine shafting
Dynamic inertia；
The computational methods of each component in crankshaft system of IC engine rigid model are as follows:
1. the rotating inertia force torque of internal combustion engine shafting
The rotating speed of bent axle is obtained by crankshaft rotational speed sensorCalculate further
The most each cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sum
Each cylinder reciprocal inertia force square sumThe reciprocal inertia force torque superposition produced by each point of cylinder obtains, for the
L divides cylinder, its reciprocal inertia force torque
In above formula, mhzRepresent the reciprocating motion equivalent mass of internal combustion engine assembly；Represent that l divides the reciprocal of cylinder
Moving-mass acceleration；L represents the reciprocating mass inertia force arm of force relative to bent axle；
Arm of force L is calculated by following formula:
In above formula, λ represents connecting rod ratio；μ represents piston offset；
L divides the reciprocating mass acceleration of cylinderIt is calculated by following formula:
In above formula, r represents throw of crankshaft；
3. the load torque of internal combustion engine and the friction torque sum of internal combustion engine
According to the cylinder pressure with reference to cylinder, it is calculated the mean effective pressure with reference to cylinder, is multiplied by with reference to cylinder mean effective pressure
Displacement per cylinder i.e. obtains, with reference to cylinder gas load work done, being done work divided by correspondence with reference to cylinder gas load
Crank angle, i.e. obtains load torque and friction torque sumWherein, refer to arrange with reference to cylinder
There is point cylinder of cylinder pressure sensor；
3) to command torque andCarry out decomposing to obtain the gas load command torque when ahead firing cylinder；
4) divide cylinder for being provided with cylinder pressure sensor, cylinder pressure sensor directly measure gas load when it is got angry
Command torque, and by measured value and step 3) the gas load command torque when ahead firing cylinder of gained do difference with
To the error of gas load command torque when dividing cylinder to get angry being provided with cylinder pressure sensor, do not set by this error correction
Put the gas load command torque estimated value during cylinder ignition of cylinder pressure sensor.
2. a kind of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 divides cylinder fired state method of estimation, it is characterised in that l divides
The reciprocating mass acceleration of cylinderIt is reduced to:
In above formula, j1 represents the first order reciprocating inertia force, andJ2 represents two-stage reciprocating inertia force, and
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| CN105651524B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-01-26 | 重庆理工大学 | Auto test bed engine torsion analogy method |
| CN105863841B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-05-08 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of method that corner coding is carried out to instantaneous pressure in engine cylinder |
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