CN104171499B - A kind of loach larva and juvenile feed and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of loach larva and juvenile feed and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104171499B CN104171499B CN201410312904.8A CN201410312904A CN104171499B CN 104171499 B CN104171499 B CN 104171499B CN 201410312904 A CN201410312904 A CN 201410312904A CN 104171499 B CN104171499 B CN 104171499B
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- juvenile
- loach
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- loach larva
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed and preparation method, and it is made up of a certain proportion of peru fish meal, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, starch, fat, monocalcium phosphate, additive. The steps include: A, all powder class raw materials are pulverized respectively; B, take raw material by loach larva and juvenile massfraction; C, the raw material taken is mixed, obtain compound; D, by loach larva and juvenile weight part take fish oil and soybean oil mixes, obtain fat; E, the fat of the compound of step C and step D is put into stirrer mixing, cryopreservation; F, throw something and feed before, the compound of step e adds appropriate water, stirs evenly, make feed. Good palatability, digestive utilization ratio height, significantly improve the loach larva and juvenile speed of growth, enhance the immunity of organisms of loach larva and juvenile, it is to increase its surviving rate, its raw materials enjoy stable sources, cheap, and production technique is simple, creates huge economic valency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish nutrition and field of feed, it is specifically related to loach larva and juvenile special feed, also relate to the preparation method of a kind of loach larva and juvenile special feed simultaneously. This feed is applicable to hatch latter 5-30 days loach fry.
Background technology
Loach is containing high protein and lower fat, and Fresh & Tender in Texture, nutritious, delicious flavour, is rich in multivitamin and mineral substance, has very high nutritive value. Loach also has very high pharmaceutical use, its main function for invigorating the spleen and benefiting qi, nourishing and strengthening vital, clearing heat and detoxicating, clearing damp is evil, controls symptoms such as quenching one's thirst, has the title of " in water ginseng ". In recent years, along with the raising of people's living standard and its nutrition and pharmaceutical use are more and more recognized, the market demand of loach grows with each passing day, the natural resources of loach is constantly in minimizing simultaneously, this causes its market value successively to rise like the mushrooms after rain, thus has started the loach breeding upsurge that one is huge at home. At present, the cultivation of China loach adult fish has had certain scale, but its seed source is main or relying on to fish for from field obtains. The artificial propagation techniques of loach is now captured by domestic and international Duo Jia aquatic products R&D institution and aquatic products workers, but the loach water flower that artificial breeding obtains usually, grow into 3-5cm long time, survival rate only has 5%��10%, domestic top level also only can reach about 20%, and this seriously governs the development of China's loach breeding industry.
Just the mud fish fry individuality of hatching is very little, and food ability is very weak, and thus research and development are applicable to the growth of loach larva and juvenile and the special feed that survives is that loach size seedling seed large-scale cultivation is successfully crucial. The various loach feeds sold by consulting on disclosed documents and materials and investigation market, we find that the loach artifical compound feed protein content in existing market is general all on the low side, nutritive ingredient is unbalanced, is not suitable for the cultivation of loach size seedling seed, is only suitable for into the cultivation of loach. Suitable loach larva and juvenile growth and the full price special compound feed improving its surviving rate are not also reported and sell.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the growth of a kind of suitable loach larva and juvenile and improves formula and its preparation method of the full price special compound feed of its surviving rate. If the present invention is able to promotion and implementation, will greatly accelerate the development of loach breeding industry, create huge economic worth.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to there are provided a kind of loach larva and juvenile special compound feed; rationally, nutritive ingredient is balanced, good palatability, can improve the feed ability of loach seedling for formula; and then strengthen loach seedling physique and improve its speed of growth and surviving rate, be conducive to the mass-producing of loach large size seedling seed to be bred as.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method that there are provided a kind of loach larva and juvenile special feed, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle. Present method can carry out process for processing in any feed-processing plant, as long as by formula mixing, so that it may to ensure nutritive ingredient and the physicals of feed. Loach larva and juvenile is not only had good phagostimulating effect by the feed produced, and also has water resistance (4 hours), and the value preserving phase reaches 6 months.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special compound feed, it is made up of the massfraction of following raw material:
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special feed, it is made up (preferable range) of the massfraction of following raw material:
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special compound feed, it is made up (more preferably scope) of the massfraction of following raw material:
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special compound feed, it is made up (best scope) of the massfraction of following raw material:
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special compound feed, it is made up (optimum value) of the massfraction of following raw material:
Described secondary powder refers to that when proposing human consumption, mouthfeel is poor, and does not mean that nutritive value is low. Secondary powder and Wheat bran are both flour processing byproduct, and owing to complete processing is different, powder process degree is different, go out bran rate different, the content deltas of secondary powder is very big, nearly 8 kinds, the wheat-flour byproduct of the U.S., and Japan is then divided into big bran, little bran, powder bran and end powder 4 kinds of products. There is the product being called " prostitute (wheatmiddling) " tw Taiwan, is the powder byproduct of milling plant's grinding technics end section, and containing a small amount of bran shorts, plumule and flour, crude fiber content is no more than 4%.
Described starch adopts following composition:
Dextrin and Alpha-starch, mixture ratio is 2:1.
Described dextrin, English name is Dextrin, and Chinese another name is corn dextrin; No. CAS: 9004-53-9, molecular formula is C18H32O16, Polywoven Bag pack, lined with polyethylene bag film, or with bucket dress or bottled. It is stored in cool place, dry place, moistureproof, sealing, conventional toughner has urea, formaldehyde, SODIUMNITRATE and Whitfield's ointment etc.; Wetting Agent for Printing Inks has glycerine, ethylene glycol etc.; Slipping agent has iodate Viscotrol C, iodate alcohol and soap etc.
Described Alpha-starch, English name is ��-Starch, and Chinese another name is pre-gelatinized starch; No. CAS: 9005-84-9, (C6H10O5) n, amylaceous white powder, odorless, tasteless. It is insoluble to water under normal temperature, forms colloidal liquid with water. Alkali is stablized.
Described fat adopts following composition:
Fish oil and soybean oil, mixture ratio is 1:3.
Described fish oil is fish oil model, acid value��2.0; Peroxide value��6.0; Moisture��0.1; Impurity��0.1; Iodine value >=120.
Described additive adopts following composition:
Vitamine mixture and mineral salt mixture, mixture ratio is 1:1.
Vitamine mixture:
Mineral salt mixture:
A preparation method for loach larva and juvenile feed, the steps include:
A, all powder class raw materials were pulverized 80-110 eye mesh screen respectively.
B, take peru fish meal, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, dextrin, Alpha-starch, multivitamin, various mineral salt, monocalcium phosphate by the requirement of loach larva and juvenile feed formulation each constituent mass mark.
C, the peru fish meal taken, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, dextrin, Alpha-starch, multivitamin, various mineral salt, monocalcium phosphate are fully mixed, obtain compound. Shady and cool place can be placed on preserve.
D, take fish oil by the requirement of loach larva and juvenile special feed formulation weight part and soybean oil fully mixes, obtain fat.
E, the fat of the compound of step C and step D is put into stirrer fully mixing, low temperature (-10-5 DEG C) preserves.
F, throw something and feed before, the compound of step e adds the water of appropriate (20-30%), the weight of water, roughly for preparing the 28-32% of feed relative, stirs evenly, namely makes loach larva and juvenile mixed feed.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:
Loach larva and juvenile special feed nutritive ingredient equilibrium, good palatability, based on the animal/vegetable protein of high-quality, it is to increase the feed ability of loach seedling, and then reach and strengthen loach seedling physique, it is to increase the object that its surviving rate and accelerating is grown up. The feed producing method of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, can carry out process for processing in any feed-processing plant, as long as by formula mixing, so that it may to ensure nutritive ingredient and the physicals of feed. Loach larva and juvenile is not only had good phagostimulating effect by the feed produced, and also has water resistance (4 hours), and the value preserving phase reaches 6 months. If the present invention is able to promotion and implementation, will greatly accelerate the development of loach breeding industry, create huge economic worth. Specifically have following some:
(1) loach larva and juvenile nutrition needs are met completely, good palatability, digestive utilization ratio height;
(2) the loach larva and juvenile speed of growth is significantly improved;
(3) enhance the immunity of organisms of loach larva and juvenile, significantly improve its surviving rate;
(4) its raw materials enjoy stable sources, cheap, production technique is simple. If the present invention is able to promotion and implementation, will greatly accelerate the development of loach breeding industry, create huge economic worth.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special feed formula, preparation method and culture efficiency are studied in detail by the present embodiment.
A kind of loach larva and juvenile special feed, it is made up of the massfraction of following raw material:
Described starch adopts following composition:
Dextrin and Alpha-starch, mixture ratio is 2:1.
Described fat adopts following composition:
Fish oil and soybean oil, mixture ratio is 1:3.
Described additive adopts following composition:
Vitamine mixture and mineral mixture, mixture ratio is 1:1.
Vitamine mixture:
Mineral mixture:
A preparation method for loach larva and juvenile feed, the steps include:
A, all powder class raw materials were pulverized respectively 80 or 90 or 100 or 110 eye mesh screens.
The requirement of B, each ingredients weight parts of filling a prescription by loach larva and juvenile special feed takes peru fish meal, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, dextrin, Alpha-starch, multivitamin, various mineral salt, monocalcium phosphate.
C, the peru fish meal taken, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, dextrin, Alpha-starch, multivitamin, various mineral salt, monocalcium phosphate are fully mixed, obtain compound. Shady and cool place can be placed on preserve.
D, take fish oil by the requirement of loach larva and juvenile feed formulation weight part and soybean oil fully mixes, obtain fat.
E, the fat of the compound of step C and step D is put into stirrer fully mixing, low temperature (-10 or-8 or-6 or-4 or-2 or 0 or 3 or 5 DEG C) preserves.
F, throw something and feed before, the compound of step e adds appropriate water (20% or 25% or 30%), the weight of water, roughly for preparing 28 or 29 or 30 or the 31 or 32% of feed relative, stirs evenly, namely makes loach larva and juvenile mixed feed.
The suitableeest interpolation ratio of albumen/fat in loach larva and juvenile special feed has been studied by the present embodiment.
Experimental fish is hatching latter 14 days postlarvas, body length is 9.36 �� 1.67mm, body weight 10.00 �� 2.00mg, choose and get consistent, the healthy postlarva of specification, being divided into 5 groups at random, often organize 3 repetitions, each repeats 100 tail fishes, raising respectively in 50L plastics water tank (80cm �� 40cm �� 50cm), breeding cycle is 40 days. During cultivation, water temperature remains between 24-29 DEG C. In whole experimentation, except throwing something and feeding except feed, each water tank is inflated continuously, and flow velocity remains on 1L/min, and throw something and feed every day 4 times (7:30,12:00,17:30 and 21:30), after throwing something and feeding 30 minutes, confirms to ingest situation. Adopt the dual factors experimental design of 3 protein levels and 2 fat levels, experiment feedstuff protein source is mainly based on peru fish meal, experiment feed fat source is fish oil and soybean oil (1:3), Alpha-starch is tackiness agent, is equipped with additive and has prepared 6 kinds of different albumen and the experiment feed of different fat level. Concrete proportioning is in table 1.
Table 1: different albumen and fat level experiment feed formulation (%)
The growth of loach larva and juvenile and the utilization of feed be the results are shown in Table 2. Result shows: 40% albumen and 6% fat group (40/6) mud fish fry minimum than rate of body weight gain group of growth (30/12) fast about 200%, its surviving rate is up to 91.7%. Other surviving rate respectively organized is all more than 81%.
Table 2: the growth of loach larva and juvenile and the utilization (mean value) to feed
Experimental result:
The loach larva and juvenile special feed of the present invention meets the materials such as the various nutritive substances of larva and juvenile growth needs, the growth stimulant changing digestive tube environment, immunostimulant by providing, improve larva and juvenile to the utilization ratio of feed, thus promote the growth of loach larva and juvenile and improve its surviving rate.
Carrying out loach scale breeding test in Wuhan and Ezhou, the mud fish fry of artificial incubation is in the nursery complete period, and control group uses normal diet, and test group uses inventive formulation feed. Test group loach larva and juvenile improves 15.36-20.29% and 134.07-148.29% respectively than the speed of growth and the surviving rate of control group. The concrete data of test-results are in table 3.
Table 3 Wuhan, Ezhou loach larva and juvenile culture experiment information slip
A table 4 loach larva and juvenile special feed formula (by massfraction preparation)
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
Peru fish meal | 45 | 46 | 47 | 50 |
Cereuisiae fermentum | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
Shrimp powder | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
Soybean protein isolate | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
Secondary powder | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Starch | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Fat | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 |
Monocalcium phosphate | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Additive | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Amount to | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Its preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (7)
1. a loach larva and juvenile feed, it is made up of the massfraction of following raw material:
Described starch adopts following composition:
Dextrin and Alpha-starch, mixture ratio is 2:1;
The described following composition of fat employing:
Fish oil and soybean oil, mixture ratio is 1:3;
Described additive adopts following composition:
Vitamine mixture and mineral mixture, mixture ratio is 1:1;
Vitamine mixture:
Mineral mixture:
2. a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
3. a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
4. a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
5. a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
6. a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
7. the preparation method of a kind of loach larva and juvenile feed according to claim 1, the steps include:
A, all powder class raw materials were pulverized 80-110 eye mesh screen respectively;
B, take peru fish meal by massfraction, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, dextrin, Alpha-starch, multivitamin, various mineral salt, monocalcium phosphate;
C, the peru fish meal taken, cereuisiae fermentum, shrimp powder, soybean protein isolate, secondary powder, dextrin, Alpha-starch, multivitamin, various mineral salt, monocalcium phosphate are fully mixed, obtain compound;
D, take fish oil and soybean oil fully mixes on request, obtain fat;
E, the fat of the compound of step C and step D is put into stirrer fully mix, cryopreservation;
F, throw something and feed before, the compound of step e adds the water of 20-30%, the weight of water is prepare the 28-32% of feed relative, stirs evenly, namely makes loach larva and juvenile mixed feed.
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CN105285493A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽孔津湖农业开发有限公司 | Loach larva fish feed |
CN105851689A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Fermented silkworm chrysalis-containing Taiwan loach expansion feed and application thereof |
CN106562129A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 徐州生物工程职业技术学院 | Loach compound feed |
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CN102125190B (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 江苏华威农牧发展有限公司 | Loach feed bred in high-density and scaled mode |
CN103371299A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-10-30 | 句容市郭庄民富水产养殖专业合作社 | Polyculture feed for eel fries and loach fries |
CN103704530B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-11-18 | 黄梅县志清泥鳅繁育养殖专业合作社 | A kind of loach seedling special compound feed |
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