CN104165654A - Liquid level detection and flow monitoring apparatus and method based on supersonic wave attenuation principle - Google Patents
Liquid level detection and flow monitoring apparatus and method based on supersonic wave attenuation principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104165654A CN104165654A CN201410360334.XA CN201410360334A CN104165654A CN 104165654 A CN104165654 A CN 104165654A CN 201410360334 A CN201410360334 A CN 201410360334A CN 104165654 A CN104165654 A CN 104165654A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid level detection and flow monitoring apparatus and method based on a supersonic wave attenuation principle, and is applied to non-contact liquid level detection and flow monitoring of an enclosed container. The liquid level detection and flow monitoring apparatus complies a detection device, a frame, a control system, a container and the like. The apparatus and method provided by the invention have the following technical advantages: by use of a characteristic that there are different damping ratios when supersonic waves penetrate different substances, a comparison is made between the damping ratios of different positions, such that a gas-liquid interface position in the enclosed container can be found, the relative heights of a liquid level and the enclosed container can be determined, and a liquid level detection effect is realized. According to the change speed of the height of the liquid level and the area of the cross section of a known container, the volume change of the liquid in the enclosed container can be calculated, and flow monitoring is realized. During a detection process, the detection device does not have to be in contact with the container and a detected liquid, so that containers with more dimensions can be compatible, and no pollution is caused to the detected liquid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid level detection and flow monitoring device and method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle.
Background technology
At present, the method that liquid level detects mainly contains mechanical type floating drum method, ultrasonic interface meter method for reflection, capacitance method, electric-resistivity method and photoelectric detecting method etc.
Mechanical type floating drum method is to utilize the buoyancy of hollow pontoon in water to calculate the height of liquid level.Capacitance method or electric-resistivity method are by electrode and fluid to be measured conducting, measure the unit for electrical property parameters of fluid to be measured.Above method, because needs contact with liquid, easily causes liquid contamination.
Ultrasonic interface meter method for reflection operated by rotary motion is above vessel port, and the distance of ultrasonic transmitter-receiver and container bottom is known parameters.Ultrasound wave transmits to container bottom, and transmitting and transmission (or refraction) occur when running into liquid-gas interface, and ultrasonic transmitter-receiver receives the distance that reflection wave calculates ultrasonic transmitter-receiver and liquid-gas interface, thereby draws liquid level.Also have at present the ultrasonic interface meter method for reflection that ultrasonic transmitter-receiver is placed on to other positions, its principle is still the same.This kind of mode is widely used in and tun at present, and the closed vessel liquid level that is not suitable for comparison miniaturization detects.
Photoelectric detecting method is, in the both sides of transparent vessel, infrared transmitter and receiver are set, and utilizes infrared signal detecting liquid level position through liquid with through the refractive index difference of gas.This kind of method is close to a kind of application mode of the present invention, but photoelectric detecting method has higher requirement to the transparency of container and liquid, therefore poor to the compatibility of container also fluid to be measured.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the liquid level of current small-sized closed container, detect inconvenient technical matters, the invention provides a kind of applying flexible, safe and reliable and compatible strong the liquid level detection based on ultrasonic attenuation principle and flow monitoring device and method.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of liquid level based on ultrasonic attenuation principle detects and flow monitoring device, comprise pick-up unit, frame, control system and container, described pick-up unit and container are arranged at respectively in frame, and described control system is fixed in frame and communicates to connect respectively frame and pick-up unit;
Described pick-up unit comprises Bracket for Inspection, ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver, described Bracket for Inspection is the U-shaped support that is provided with two parallel support arms, ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver are individually fixed in inner side and parallel being oppositely arranged of two support arms of support, being arranged in frame of Bracket for Inspection level;
Described frame comprises frame body, pan straddle, pick-up unit vertical motion module and pick-up unit location sensitive module, described pan straddle is arranged at the top of frame body and makes between its two support arms in Bracket for Inspection for suspending container in midair, described pick-up unit vertical motion module is arranged on frame body and connects Bracket for Inspection to drive the motion of its in the vertical direction, and described pick-up unit location sensitive module is installed on Bracket for Inspection rear portion and for detection of Bracket for Inspection present position;
Described control system comprises control circuit, and described control circuit communicates to connect with ultrasonic generator, ultrasonic receiver, pick-up unit vertical motion module and pick-up unit location sensitive module respectively;
Described container is by between vertical two parallel leg that are suspended to Bracket for Inspection of pan straddle, and container is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas access.
Described device, is also provided with a scale directly perceived on described Bracket for Inspection, scale directly perceived is fixed on the inner side of Bracket for Inspection and in container rear and is identical with the relative level position of ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver.
Described device, described scale directly perceived consists of autoluminescence light source, and described pick-up unit vertical motion module is screw motion module, and described pick-up unit location sensitive module is grating scale module.
Described device, described control circuit is any in single-chip microcomputer, industrial computer, FPGA, PLC.
A liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, adopts above-mentioned device, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the container that liquid is housed is fixed on pan straddle, Bracket for Inspection in the vertical direction moves downward lower end extreme position by the upper end extreme position of presetting, then get back to upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, record received ultrasonic signal parameter and the movement position corresponding with parameter simultaneously, complete scanning for the first time;
Step 2: liquid in container flows out, and gas enters;
Step 3: Bracket for Inspection again in the vertical direction is moved downward by upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator still continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic signal that received ultrasonic signal opposite position when scanning for the first time records contrasts, when receiving when scanning for the first time different ultrasonic signals, show that pick-up unit arrives the gas-liquid interface location of container while scanning for the first time;
Step 4: Bracket for Inspection continues to move downward, when the ultrasonic signal receiving signal when scanning for the first time becomes when identical, shows that ultrasonic receiver arrives the gas-liquid interface location of current container, and Bracket for Inspection stop motion, completes liquid level and detect.
The described liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, in described step 1, default upper end extreme position is container top, default lower end extreme position is container bottom.
A flow monitoring method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, adopts above-mentioned device, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the container that liquid is housed is fixed on pan straddle, Bracket for Inspection in the vertical direction moves downward lower end extreme position by the upper end extreme position of presetting, then get back to upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, record received ultrasonic signal parameter and the movement position corresponding with parameter simultaneously, complete scanning for the first time;
Step 2: liquid in container flows out, and gas enters;
Step 3: Bracket for Inspection again in the vertical direction is moved downward by upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator still continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic signal that received ultrasonic signal opposite position when scanning for the first time records contrasts, when receiving when scanning for the first time different ultrasonic signals, show that pick-up unit arrives the gas-liquid interface location of container while scanning for the first time;
Step 4: Bracket for Inspection continues to move downward, when the ultrasonic signal receiving signal when scanning for the first time becomes when identical, show that ultrasonic receiver arrives the gas-liquid interface location of current container, writing time, Bracket for Inspection continues to move down predeterminable range, then stop motion;
Step 5: when the ultrasonic signal receiving becomes again and scans for the first time when different, pick-up unit restarts to move downward, calculate the poor of time of recording in current time and previous step simultaneously, in conjunction with the known relative dimensions of container, obtain the liquid volume of container in predeterminable range, liquid volume obtains fluid flow divided by the time;
Step 6: repeating step four-five, draw the fluid flow in the corresponding time, until liquid in container outflow is complete, Bracket for Inspection arrives container bottom.
The described liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, in described step 1, default upper end extreme position is container top, default lower end extreme position is container bottom.
The described liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, the predeterminable range described in step 4 is 1/2～1/10 of container overall height
15.
The described liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, the speed that Bracket for Inspection moves downward is pick-up unit vertical motion module maximum movement speed, and pick-up unit vertical motion module maximum movement speed is greater than liquid level decline rate.
Technique effect of the present invention is, by device and method of the present invention, the liquid level that is applicable to medium and small container detects and flow monitoring, and pick-up unit is without directly contacting with tested container with measured matter, avoid the pollution of measured matter, also can adapt to the container of various shape and material.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention faces corner structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is depression angle of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 5 is side-looking angle detecting device movement position schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is detection method schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein (a) be pick-up unit on liquid level, be (b) that pick-up unit is under liquid level;
Fig. 7 is ultrasound signal path schematic diagram of the present invention;
Wherein, 10 be pick-up unit, 11 for Bracket for Inspection, 12 for ultrasonic generator, 13 for ultrasonic receiver, 14 for scale directly perceived, 21 for pan straddle, 22 for pick-up unit vertical motion module, 23 for pick-up unit location sensitive module, 30 for control system, 40 for container, 50 for the gas in container, 51 for ultrasound examination plane, 52 be the liquid in container.
Embodiment
Ultrasonic Detection principle of the present invention is: ultrasonic generator produce ultrasound wave through gas (air) → solid (chamber wall) → liquid or gas (liquid in container or gas) → solid (chamber wall) → gas (air) until ultrasonic receiver.By ultrasonic receiver, receive hyperacoustic transmission signal, i.e. signal after overdamping.The signal that ultrasonic receiver receives is transferred to control system.
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the present embodiment comprises pick-up unit, frame, control system and container, and pick-up unit and container are arranged at respectively in frame, and control system is fixed in frame and communicates to connect respectively frame and pick-up unit;
Pick-up unit comprises Bracket for Inspection, ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver, Bracket for Inspection is the U-shaped support that is provided with two parallel support arms, ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver are individually fixed in inner side and parallel being oppositely arranged of two support arms of support, being arranged in frame of Bracket for Inspection level;
Frame comprises frame body, pan straddle, pick-up unit vertical motion module and pick-up unit location sensitive module, pan straddle is arranged at the top of frame body and makes between its two support arms in Bracket for Inspection for suspending container in midair, pick-up unit vertical motion module is arranged on frame body and connects Bracket for Inspection to drive the motion of its in the vertical direction, and pick-up unit location sensitive module is installed on Bracket for Inspection rear portion and for detection of Bracket for Inspection present position;
Control system comprises control circuit, and control circuit communicates to connect with ultrasonic generator, ultrasonic receiver, pick-up unit vertical motion module and pick-up unit location sensitive module respectively;
Container is by between vertical two parallel leg that are suspended to Bracket for Inspection of pan straddle, and container is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas access.
On Bracket for Inspection, be also provided with a scale directly perceived, scale directly perceived is fixed on the inner side of Bracket for Inspection and in container rear and is identical with the relative level position of ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver.
Scale directly perceived consists of autoluminescence light source, and pick-up unit vertical motion module is screw motion module, and pick-up unit location sensitive module is grating scale module.
Control circuit is any in single-chip microcomputer, industrial computer, FPGA, PLC.
Liquid-level detecting method embodiment of the present invention, adopts above-mentioned device, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the container that liquid is housed is fixed on pan straddle, Bracket for Inspection in the vertical direction moves downward lower end extreme position by the upper end extreme position of presetting, then get back to upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, record received ultrasonic signal parameter and the movement position corresponding with parameter simultaneously, complete scanning for the first time;
Step 2: liquid in container flows out, and gas enters;
Step 3: Bracket for Inspection again in the vertical direction is moved downward by upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator still continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic signal that received ultrasonic signal opposite position when scanning for the first time records contrasts, when receiving when scanning for the first time different ultrasonic signals, show that pick-up unit arrives the gas-liquid interface location of container while scanning for the first time;
Step 4: Bracket for Inspection continues to move downward, when the ultrasonic signal receiving signal when scanning for the first time becomes when identical, shows that ultrasonic receiver arrives the gas-liquid interface location of current container, and Bracket for Inspection stop motion, completes liquid level and detect.
In the step 1 of said method, default upper end extreme position is container top, and default lower end extreme position is container bottom.
Flow monitoring method embodiment of the present invention, adopts said apparatus, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the container that liquid is housed is fixed on pan straddle, Bracket for Inspection in the vertical direction moves downward lower end extreme position by the upper end extreme position of presetting, then get back to upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, record received ultrasonic signal parameter and the movement position corresponding with parameter simultaneously, complete scanning for the first time;
Step 2: liquid in container flows out, and gas enters;
Step 3: Bracket for Inspection again in the vertical direction is moved downward by upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator still continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic signal that received ultrasonic signal opposite position when scanning for the first time records contrasts, when receiving when scanning for the first time different ultrasonic signals, show that pick-up unit arrives the gas-liquid interface location of container while scanning for the first time;
Step 4: Bracket for Inspection continues to move downward, when the ultrasonic signal receiving signal when scanning for the first time becomes when identical, show that ultrasonic receiver arrives the gas-liquid interface location of current container, writing time, Bracket for Inspection continues to move down predeterminable range, then stop motion;
Step 5: when the ultrasonic signal receiving becomes again and scans for the first time when different, pick-up unit restarts to move downward, calculate the poor of time of recording in current time and previous step simultaneously, in conjunction with the known relative dimensions of container, obtain the liquid volume of container in predeterminable range, liquid volume obtains fluid flow divided by the time;
Step 6: repeating step four-five, draw the fluid flow in the corresponding time, until liquid in container outflow is complete, Bracket for Inspection arrives container bottom.
In the step 1 of said method, default upper end extreme position is container top, and default lower end extreme position is container bottom.
In the step 4 of said method, predeterminable range is 1/2～1/10 of container overall height
15.
Said method, the speed that Bracket for Inspection moves downward is pick-up unit vertical motion module maximum movement speed, and pick-up unit vertical motion module maximum movement speed is greater than liquid level decline rate.
The inventive method partly being made to principle below explains: when not starting to detect, during original state, in container, all volumes are that liquid or a part of volume are that liquid another part volume is gas.Container is fixed on pan straddle, and pan straddle makes the vertical direction of container vertical with ultrasound examination plane.Pick-up unit moves downward lower end extreme position from upper end extreme position in the vertical direction with motion module, then gets back to upper end extreme position.In the process moving up and down in pick-up unit vertical direction, the received signal parameter of ultrasonic receiver confirm with pick-up unit location sensitive module the particular location at ultrasonic receiver place corresponding one by one.This stage is scanning for the first time.
When the liquid in container flows out from liquid outlet, gas is also entered in container by gas access, and the liquid in container reduces, gas increases, and the gas-liquid interphase in container is mobile to vertical direction below.At this moment pick-up unit moves down from upper end extreme position, and resulting parameter is compared when scanning for the first time.Because the velocity of propagation of ultrasonic signal in gas and liquid is different, above pick-up unit moves new gas-liquid interphase during a certain regional location, the signal parameter that ultrasonic receiver receives signal at this regional location when scanning for the first time can produce larger difference.Pick-up unit continues to move down, and when moving to signal parameter that ultrasonic receiver receives, becomes again again when identical when scanning for the first time and stops.The corresponding position of moment that receives signal parameter identical or close when scanning for the first time at ultrasonic receiver is the interfacial position of current gas-liquid, has so just completed the location to current liquid level.
When needs tracer liquid flow, only need be after pick-up unit completes the location of current liquid level, move down again a predeterminable range, then stop motion, when liquid level constantly declines, until ultrasonic signal becomes and scans for the first time when different, show that liquid level has dropped to the position of pick-up unit, record so this time, time during again with the location of liquid level before subtracts each other, can obtain the time that liquid level decline predeterminable range spends, because the length and width of container are high, be known, can obtain the liquid volume of holding in predeterminable range, the time that liquid volume spends divided by liquid level decline predeterminable range obtain fluid flow, and this predeterminable range can detect and need to adjust according to reality, be worth less, corresponding accuracy of detection is higher, scope can be taken at 1/2～1/10 of container overall height
15.Meanwhile, the scale directly perceived on pick-up unit is LED lamp bar, because scale directly perceived is along with pick-up unit moves, so just can make the interfacial position of gas-liquid from naked eyes, check more directly perceived.
Control system can calculate the flow that liquid flows out according to gas-liquid interphase velocity of displacement and known vessel xsect, and Monitoring Data is sent to designated equipment.
Claims (10)
1. the liquid level based on ultrasonic attenuation principle detects and flow monitoring device, it is characterized in that, comprise pick-up unit, frame, control system and container, described pick-up unit and container are arranged at respectively in frame, and described control system is fixed in frame and communicates to connect respectively frame and pick-up unit;
Described pick-up unit comprises Bracket for Inspection, ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver, described Bracket for Inspection is the U-shaped support that is provided with two parallel support arms, ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver are individually fixed in inner side and parallel being oppositely arranged of two support arms of support, being arranged in frame of Bracket for Inspection level;
Described frame comprises frame body, pan straddle, pick-up unit vertical motion module and pick-up unit location sensitive module, described pan straddle is arranged at the top of frame body and makes between its two support arms in Bracket for Inspection for suspending container in midair, described pick-up unit vertical motion module is arranged on frame body and connects Bracket for Inspection to drive the motion of its in the vertical direction, and described pick-up unit location sensitive module is installed on Bracket for Inspection rear portion and for detection of Bracket for Inspection present position;
Described control system comprises control circuit, and described control circuit communicates to connect with ultrasonic generator, ultrasonic receiver, pick-up unit vertical motion module and pick-up unit location sensitive module respectively;
Described container is by between vertical two parallel leg that are suspended to Bracket for Inspection of pan straddle, and container is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas access.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, on described Bracket for Inspection, be also provided with a scale directly perceived, scale directly perceived is fixed on the inner side of Bracket for Inspection and in container rear and is identical with the relative level position of ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic receiver.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described scale directly perceived consists of autoluminescence light source, and described pick-up unit vertical motion module is screw motion module, and described pick-up unit location sensitive module is grating scale module.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described control circuit is any in single-chip microcomputer, industrial computer, FPGA, PLC.
5. the liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, is characterized in that, adopts the arbitrary described device of claim 1-4, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the container that liquid is housed is fixed on pan straddle, Bracket for Inspection in the vertical direction moves downward lower end extreme position by the upper end extreme position of presetting, then get back to upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, record received ultrasonic signal parameter and the movement position corresponding with parameter simultaneously, complete scanning for the first time;
Step 2: liquid in container flows out, and gas enters;
Step 3: Bracket for Inspection again in the vertical direction is moved downward by upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator still continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic signal that received ultrasonic signal opposite position when scanning for the first time records contrasts, when receiving when scanning for the first time different ultrasonic signals, show that pick-up unit arrives the gas-liquid interface location of container while scanning for the first time;
Step 4: Bracket for Inspection continues to move downward, when the ultrasonic signal receiving signal when scanning for the first time becomes when identical, shows that ultrasonic receiver arrives the gas-liquid interface location of current container, and Bracket for Inspection stop motion, completes liquid level and detect.
6. the liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step 1, default upper end extreme position is container top, and default lower end extreme position is container bottom.
7. the flow monitoring method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle, is characterized in that, adopts the arbitrary described device of claim 1-4, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the container that liquid is housed is fixed on pan straddle, Bracket for Inspection in the vertical direction moves downward lower end extreme position by the upper end extreme position of presetting, then get back to upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, record received ultrasonic signal parameter and the movement position corresponding with parameter simultaneously, complete scanning for the first time;
Step 2: liquid in container flows out, and gas enters;
Step 3: Bracket for Inspection again in the vertical direction is moved downward by upper end extreme position, when Bracket for Inspection moves, ultrasonic generator still continues transmitting ultrasonic signal and is received by ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic signal that received ultrasonic signal opposite position when scanning for the first time records contrasts, when receiving when scanning for the first time different ultrasonic signals, show that pick-up unit arrives the gas-liquid interface location of container while scanning for the first time;
Step 4: Bracket for Inspection continues to move downward, when the ultrasonic signal receiving signal when scanning for the first time becomes when identical, show that ultrasonic receiver arrives the gas-liquid interface location of current container, writing time, Bracket for Inspection continues to move down predeterminable range, then stop motion;
Step 5: when the ultrasonic signal receiving becomes again and scans for the first time when different, pick-up unit restarts to move downward, calculate the poor of time of recording in current time and previous step simultaneously, in conjunction with the known relative dimensions of container, obtain the liquid volume of container in predeterminable range, liquid volume obtains fluid flow divided by the time;
Step 6: repeating step four-five, draw the fluid flow in the corresponding time, until liquid in container outflow is complete, Bracket for Inspection arrives container bottom.
8. the liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step 1, default upper end extreme position is container top, and default lower end extreme position is container bottom.
9. the liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the predeterminable range described in step 4 is 1/2～1/10 of container overall height
15.
10. the liquid-level detecting method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the speed that Bracket for Inspection moves downward is pick-up unit vertical motion module maximum movement speed, and pick-up unit vertical motion module maximum movement speed is greater than liquid level decline rate.
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| CN113984582A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multifunctional small-flow liquid lead bismuth and SCO2Experimental system for flow heat transfer research |
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| CN104165654B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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