CN104150846B - A kind of method of ecological remediation type precast slab and transformation river course rigidity revetment and riverbed reparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological restoration type prefabricated concrete slab and a method for renovating the hard revetment of a river channel and repairing a river bed, wherein the prefabricated concrete slab is prefabricated by concrete, and the concrete is composed of: porous aggregate: 400-700kg/m ³ ; Low alkaline cementing material: 200~250kg/m ³ ; Granular restoration agent: 40~60kg/m ³ ; High-efficiency additive: 3~7kg/m ³ ; Water: 50~90kg/m ³ . The ecological reconstruction method of installing the ecological restoration concrete slab on the original hard bank revetment and the bottom of the river bed saves resources, requires less investment, and overcomes the difficulty of concrete underwater construction. The construction period is short and the effect is quick. After the transformation of the present invention, the chain of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems can be improved, and at the same time, pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals in the water can be adsorbed, and then the pollutants can be removed through the joint action of animals, plants, and microorganisms to realize in-situ regeneration and in-situ restoration of the adsorbent. Absorption capacity, to achieve long-term sustainable ecological water purification effect.

Description

An ecological restoration type prefabricated concrete slab and a method for reconstructing hard bank revetments and riverbed restoration

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of environmentally friendly concrete materials, in particular to a porous lightweight permeable concrete slab for improving hard revetments and riverbed repairs, which is suitable for the ecologicalization of original hard bank slopes such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Reconstruction and ecological restoration of river bed bases.

Background technique

Traditional hard revetments are often used in river engineering, especially in urban inland rivers where land is scarce. The traditional hard revetment is mostly made of masonry or ordinary cement concrete. This revetment mode is effective, which can not only prevent floods but also make the river landscape look neat and clean; however, the hard revetment structure has small porosity and poor water permeability and air permeability. , destroyed the material cycle and energy flow between water, soil and living things, and made a large number of plants in the ecotone zone lose their living conditions; moreover, the smooth and hard surface also changed the characteristics of the original natural bank slope, making it difficult for fish to find A suitable place for spawning reduces biodiversity, weakens the self-purification ability of rivers, and destroys the natural ecological environment. Therefore, it is very urgent and necessary to carry out ecological transformation of the hard revetment of the river, so that it can meet the requirements of landscape and ecology on the basis of scientific safety.

In recent years, many cities have completely demolished the original hard bank revetments in river improvement, resulting in a lot of waste of resources, and many renovation projects have neglected safety and revetment life due to excessive pursuit of landscape and ecological effects. Therefore, many cities and regions in our country are in urgent need of a scheme and example for ecological transformation convenient and economical on the basis of protecting the original revetment structure.

A large amount of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and other pollutants are deposited in the sediment of rivers, rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other water bodies. These pollutants will be released from the sediment into the water body under certain conditions, polluting the water quality and causing endogenous pollution. . At present, domestic control measures for endogenous sediment pollution mainly include sediment dredging, sediment oxidation, and sediment covering. Sediment dredging is a relatively mature and simple measure, which can quickly eliminate sediment and reduce pollutants, but the disturbance caused by sediment dredging will accelerate the secondary release of sedimentary pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and the dredging process will also take away The plants and microorganisms at the bottom of the riverbed have seriously damaged the micro-ecological system of the riverbed; the oxidation of the sediment is likely to cause secondary pollution due to the introduction of chemical agents; sand, stone, artificial synthetic materials, etc. Microorganisms cannot recover quickly, the micro-ecosystem of the riverbed is restored slowly, and the water body is fragile and easily polluted. Therefore, how to effectively control the endogenous pollution brought by river and lake sediments, inhibit the release of sediment pollutants, and restore the damaged riverbed micro-ecosystem has become a major research hotspot at present.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the defects of traditional hard revetments in terms of landscape and ecology as well as the deficiencies in river and lake sediment pollutant control and river bed restoration technology, and propose an ecological restoration for ecological transformation of revetments and river bottoms Type prefabricated concrete slabs and transformation methods can solve the problems of biodiversity reduction and ecosystem damage caused by traditional hard bank revetments, effectively inhibit the endogenous pollution of river and lake sediments, and quickly repair the damaged areas due to sediment dredging and sediment coverage. The riverbed micro-ecosystem creates a good natural ecological simulation environment, promotes the virtuous cycle of the ecosystem, and creates a beautiful landscape that protects the water environment.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is:

An ecological restoration type prefabricated concrete slab, which is prefabricated by concrete, is characterized in that: the concrete consists of:

Porous aggregate: 400～700kg/m ³ ;

Low alkaline cementing material: 200～250kg/m ³ ;

Granular restorative agent: 40～60kg/m ³ ;

High-efficiency additive: 3～7kg/m ³ ;

Water: 50-90kg/m ³ .

There is a notch inside the concrete slab, and the adsorption packing plate is filled in the notch. The filler is a cheap and easy-to-obtain mineral adsorbent. Four different adsorbents are selected through experiments and their component ratios are determined to exert the best adsorption effect. , The volume ratio of the filler components is zeolite: expanded perlite: diatomaceous earth: bentonite = 5:2:2:1.

The size of the prefabricated concrete slab can be designed according to the actual project. In this example, it is 60cm×30cm×12cm. The notch inside the concrete slab is rectangular, the length of the rectangular notch is 10-15cm, and the width is 3-4cm. After being installed in the rectangular notch, the upper and lower ends are stuck with wooden wedges.

The porous aggregate is calcined lightweight ceramsite, and its gradation is 10-20mm, 20-25mm, two kinds of single particle size or composite.

The low-alkaline cementing material is sulphoaluminate cement, and the pH value of its hydrated slurry is 8-10.

The granular restorative agent is composed of 60%-70% of zeolite particles and 30%-40% of expanded perlite particles.

The mass percent composition of the high-efficiency additive is 40% to 70% of polycarboxylate high-performance water-reducing component, 20% to 40% of triisopropanolamine reinforcing component and 10% to 20% of EVA emulsion Thickening component.

A method for transforming a hard revetment by adopting an ecologically restored prefabricated concrete slab, characterized in that the steps are as follows:

Step 1. Prefabricate the ecologically restored concrete slab, and reserve a rectangular notch in the prefabricated concrete slab. The volume of the rectangular hole accounts for about 8% to 17% of the volume of the concrete slab. The plant planting base is poured into the gap and a layer of anti-corrosion geotextile is arranged;

Step 2. Mix zeolite, expanded perlite, diatomaceous earth and bentonite according to the volume ratio of 5:2:2:1 and compress them into a packing plate. The size of the packing plate should be easily placed in the reserved hole. After the board is put into the hole, use a wooden wedge to clamp the upper and lower notches for easy replacement;

Step 3: After the plants take root and fix the soil, transport them to the construction site and hang them on the original hard revetment using the two reserved installation holes.

A method for repairing a river bed base by adopting an ecologically restored prefabricated concrete slab, characterized in that the steps are as follows:

Step 1. Prefabricate the ecologically restored concrete slab, and reserve a rectangular notch in the prefabricated concrete slab. The volume of the rectangular hole accounts for about 8% to 17% of the volume of the concrete slab. Plant planting base is poured into the gap, and a layer of anti-corrosion geotextile is arranged;

Step 2. Mix zeolite, expanded perlite, diatomaceous earth and bentonite according to the volume ratio of 5:2:2:1 and compress them into a packing plate. The size of the packing plate should be easily placed in the reserved hole. After the board is put into the hole, use a wooden wedge to clamp the upper and lower notches for easy replacement;

Step 3. After the plants take root and fix the soil, transport them to the construction site. Use the iron wire painted with anti-rust paint to connect the concrete slabs together through the installation holes and lay them directly on the bottom of the river bed.

The concrete slab of the invention is a permeable concrete prefabricated structure made of porous aggregate, low-alkaline cementing material, granular repair agent, high-efficiency additive and water, and adopts scientific proportioning. Its mass composition per cubic meter is: porous aggregate: 400-700kg/m ³ ; low-alkaline cementing material: 200-250kg/m ³ ; granular restoration agent: 40-60kg/m ³ ; high-efficiency additives: 3- 7kg/m ³ ; water: 50-90kg/m ³ . The ratio is determined through a large number of experiments, which can not only ensure that the porosity of the concrete slab reaches 20% to 30%, has good water permeability and air permeability, is suitable for plant growth, but also ensures that the freshly mixed concrete has good workability. It has good compressive strength and can withstand the long-term impact and erosion of water waves.

The porous aggregate used is fired lightweight ceramsite, which is hard on the outside, has many micropores inside, and has strong adsorption capacity. The two discontinuous gradations with aggregate particle size of 10-20mm and 20-25mm are used alone or in combination. The larger aggregate particle size is selected without using fine aggregate, which can ensure the large porosity of the concrete slab and meet the 20% to 30% requirement. The density of ceramsite is small, and the bulk density of the porous concrete made is only half of that of ordinary sandstone concrete. The weight of the prefabricated concrete slab with the size of 60cm×30cm×12cm is about 20kg. The concrete slab is suspended on the revetment without excessive load. Ensure the stability of the revetment structure; it is relatively stable after being laid on the bottom of the river bed and connected to each other, and it is not easy to move due to the force of the water flow.

The selected low-alkaline cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the pH value of its hydrated slurry is 8-10. Because the pH value of the soil is usually between 3.15 and 9.15, the interior of ordinary concrete is alkaline due to the presence of calcium hydroxide crystals, and its pH value is between 12 and 13. After soaking in water, there will be Ca ²⁺ , OH ^- ions Dissolution increases the pH value of the water body, which is not conducive to the survival of animals, plants, and microorganisms. Therefore, the alkalinity of concrete should be reduced as much as possible, so low-alkaline cementing materials should be selected.

The selected granular restorative agent is composed of 60%-70% zeolite particles and 30%-40% expanded perlite particles. By adding granular repairing agent, its granular structure can improve the workability of fresh concrete first, and after the concrete sets and hardens, the surface of the repairing agent is covered with gaps and holes of various sizes, providing a place for microbial enrichment and reproduction. The carrier forms a layer of biofilm, and the optimal component volume ratio determined by the experiment can give full play to the adsorption performance of zeolite particles and expanded perlite particles on organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in water, and the pollutants after adsorption can be attached to The metabolism of the biofilm on the concrete surface is removed, thereby restoring the adsorption performance of the restoration agent in situ and ensuring long-term effects.

The high-efficiency additives selected are polycarboxylate high-performance water-reducing components with a composition of 40% to 70% by mass, 20% to 40% triisopropanolamine reinforcing components, and 10% to 20% EVA emulsion enhancers. Thick components. Adding high-efficiency additives through this ratio can effectively improve the fluidity, water retention and cohesion of freshly mixed concrete. After the concrete is set and hardened, it has been proved by experiments that it can be soaked in water for one year without obvious loosening and damage. The environment in which the concrete slab will be used.

The size of the prefabricated concrete slab is 60cm×30cm×12cm. There is also a rectangular notch inside the concrete slab. The length of the rectangular notch is 10-15cm and the width is 3-4cm. Mineral adsorbent, four different adsorbents are selected through experiments and their component ratios are determined to achieve the best adsorption effect. The volume ratio of filler components is zeolite: expanded perlite: diatomite: bentonite = 5:2 :2:1, the upper and lower ends of the filler plate are clamped with wooden wedges after they are installed in the notch. The filler layer in the middle of the concrete slab can strengthen the filtration and adsorption of water flow, and the adsorbed organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and heavy metals are removed from the water under the absorption and transfer of green plants and the degradation and metabolism of microorganisms in the root zone. The adsorbent is regenerated in situ, and the adsorption capacity is restored in situ, achieving long-term sustainable ecological water purification effect.

A layer of anti-erosion geotextile is covered after the planting base is poured into the void inside the concrete slab to reduce the impact of water flow on plants and soil erosion and damage. Different types of native plants are rationally arranged according to the installation position of the concrete slab to adapt to the influence of water level changes and seasonal changes. Plants can not only strengthen the soil, but also effectively absorb and utilize nutrients in the water to reduce eutrophication; green plants can also improve the dissolved oxygen status of the water body through photosynthesis.

Beneficial effect:

1. The ecological renovation method of ecological restoration concrete slabs suspended on the original hard revetment or laid on the bottom of the river bed can be directly constructed on the original hard revetment and river bottom, which protects the original structure to the greatest extent and saves resources. The investment is small, and at the same time, the difficulty of concrete underwater construction is overcome. The reconstruction construction period is short and the effect is quick. After the construction is completed, the water purification function and ecological landscape effect can be produced.

2. The surface of the concrete slab is covered with voids and holes of various sizes, and the interior is also filled with mineral adsorbents, which can give full play to the adsorption effect of the voids and adsorbents, and adsorb organic matter, phosphate, nitrate, heavy metals and other pollutants in the water. Then, the biofilm attached to the surface of the concrete slab, the microorganisms in the plant root zone, aquatic animals and plants can be removed to achieve in-situ regeneration of the adsorbent, restore the adsorption capacity in situ, improve the self-purification ability of the water body, and achieve long-term sustainable water quality Purifying effect.

3. The porous structure of the concrete slab can also absorb and retain suspended solids (SS) and algae in the water, and aquatic organisms that inhabit and reproduce in the voids of the concrete slab, especially zooplankton, can swallow and filter-feed SS and algae, purify Water quality can prevent the outbreak of algae; green plants cultivated on concrete slabs can fully absorb and utilize nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the water, inhibit the growth of blue-green algae, and reduce water eutrophication.

4. The porous structure of the concrete slab provides a carrier and space for the enrichment of microorganisms, the growth of plants, and the habitat of aquatic animals. The micro-biological community can reach species balance in a short period of time, and a complete micro-ecosystem can be constructed, which can be quickly restored and maintained. Improve the damaged canal ecosystem and increase biodiversity.

5. The concrete slab can be installed on the hardened revetment of rivers and lakes and the bottom of the hardened river bed after dredging, quickly repairing the biological habitat of the revetment and the base of the river bed, and repairing the damaged aquatic ecosystem.

6. For riverbeds with deep bottom mud layers, it is difficult to directly cultivate aquatic plants at the bottom of the riverbed. At this time, the concrete slab can be directly laid on the river bottom to quickly restore riverbed aquatic plants, improve the habitat of riverbed organisms, and inhibit The release of sediment pollutants can reduce endogenous pollution; for the riverbed just after dredging, concrete slabs can be covered after dredging to inhibit the secondary pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment caused by dredging disturbance, and also It can quickly restore the damaged river bed base ecosystem and purify the river water.

The above description is only a brief description of the present invention, rather than a limitation of the present invention. Any inventions that do not exceed the scope of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transformation of the present invention for hard revetment, wherein (a) is a front view, and (b) is a top view.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram (top view) of the present invention for repairing and transforming the river bed base;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an ecologically restored prefabricated concrete slab.

Among them: 1. Prefabricated concrete slab, 2. Notch, 3. Plant layer, 4. Installation hole, 5. Original hard revetment, 6. River bed base, 7. Water level line.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the transformation of the present invention for hard revetment, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the restoration and transformation of the riverbed base of the present invention, and the transformation method of the present invention is to hang the prefabricated concrete slab 1 through the reserved installation hole 4 On the original hard revetment 5, or the prefabricated concrete slabs 1 are connected to each other through the reserved installation holes 4 and then laid on the riverbed base 6. Among them, the prefabricated concrete slab is prefabricated and processed by using porous aggregate, low-alkaline cementing material, granular repair agent, high-efficiency additive and water as raw materials.

Embodiment one

The mass composition per cubic meter of lightweight permeable concrete is:

Silt-based ceramsite: 470kg/m ³ ;

Sulphoaluminate cement: 230kg/m ³ ;

Granular restoration agent: 40kg/m ³ ;

Efficient additive: 3.5kg/m ³ ;

Water: 90kg/m ³ ,

Among them, the particle size of silt-based ceramsite is 10-20mm, and its performance parameters are shown in Table 1; the cement is sulphoaluminate cement; the mass percentage of high-efficiency additives is 45% polycarboxylate high-performance water-reducing 40% triisopropanolamine strengthening component and 15% EVA emulsion thickening component; the repairing agent is composed of 60% zeolite particles and 40% expanded perlite particles by volume fraction (in the stacked state) .

Prefabricated concrete slab mold: the internal size of the mold is 60cm×30cm×12cm, there is a 60cm×10cm×3cm rectangular formwork in the middle of the mold to reserve the slot 2 for placing the filler plate, and the 2cm on both sides of the formwork are PVC pipe sockets for prefabricated Leave the installation hole 4, and the socket is 20cm away from one side of the mould. After the mold is made, prepare the concrete slab 1. The steps are as follows: 1) Brush the mold with oil, and insert two 30cm long PVC pipes into the socket; 2) Stir the cement, additives and water in the above components for 1.5 minutes and then add pre-wet The ceramsite and granule repair agent that have been dried for 24 hours, continue to stir for 2 minutes, and prepare lightweight concrete; 3) Pour the concrete into the mold, pour in three layers, and spread a layer of 1.2cm mesh after pouring and compacting each layer 1. Galvanized steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.3mm. After laying the steel mesh on the first layer, tie a galvanized steel bar with a diameter of 6mm in the middle of the two PVC pipes near the wide side to disperse the hanging force; 4) Hanging board maintenance After 7 days, pour the planting base into the void inside the concrete, and cover the surface with a layer of anti-corrosion geotextile; 5) Mix zeolite, expanded perlite, diatomite and bentonite evenly in a volume ratio of 5:2:2:1 Then compact it into a packing board of 55cm×9.5cm×2.5cm; 6) After the plants take root and fix the soil, put the packing board into the notch 2 and clamp it with wooden wedges. . The performance of the concrete slab is shown in Table 2.

Table 1 Performance parameters of silt-based ceramsite

Table 2 embodiment one concrete slab performance

Embodiment two

The mass composition per cubic meter of lightweight permeable concrete is:

Silt ceramsite: 440kg/m ³ ;

Sulphoaluminate cement: 200kg/m ³ ;

Granular restoration agent: 60kg/m ³ ;

Efficient additive: 7kg/m ³ ;

Water: 50kg/m ³ ,

Among them, the silt ceramsite is formed by compounding two kinds of ceramsite with different particle sizes in Table 1 according to 1:1; the cement is sulphoaluminate cement; Water-reducing component, 20% triisopropanolamine reinforcing component and 10% EVA emulsion thickening component; the repairing agent is composed of 65% zeolite particles and 35% expanded perlite particles.

Prefabricated concrete slab mold: the internal size of the mold is 60cm×30cm×12cm, there is a 60cm×10cm×3cm rectangular formwork in the middle of the mold to reserve the slot 2 for placing the filler plate, and the 2cm on both sides of the formwork are PVC pipe sockets for prefabricated Leave the installation hole 4, and the socket is 20cm away from one side of the mould. After the mold is made, prepare the concrete slab 1. The steps are as follows: 1) Brush the mold with oil, and insert two 30cm long PVC pipes into the socket; 2) Stir the cement, additives and water in the above components for 1.5 minutes and then add pre-wet The ceramsite and granule repair agent that have been dried for 24 hours, continue to stir for 2 minutes, and prepare lightweight concrete; 3) Pour the concrete into the mold, pour in three layers, and spread a layer of 1.2cm mesh after pouring and compacting each layer 1. Galvanized steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.3mm. After laying the steel mesh on the first layer, tie a galvanized steel bar with a diameter of 6mm in the middle of the two PVC pipes near the wide side to disperse the hanging force; 4) Hanging board maintenance After 7 days, pour the planting base into the void inside the concrete, and cover the surface with a layer of anti-corrosion geotextile; 5) Mix zeolite, expanded perlite, diatomite and bentonite evenly in a volume ratio of 5:2:2:1 Then compact it into a packing board of 55cm×9.5cm×2.5cm; 6) After the plants take root and fix the soil, put the packing board into the notch 2 and clamp it with wooden wedges. . The performance of the concrete slab is shown in Table 3.

Table 3 embodiment two concrete slab performance

Embodiment three

The mass composition per cubic meter of lightweight permeable concrete is:

Silt ceramsite: 470kg/m ³ ;

Sulphoaluminate cement: 250kg/m ³ ;

Granular restoration agent: 60kg/m ³ ;

Efficient additive: 5.5kg/m ³ ;

Water: 70kg/m ³ ,

Among them, the particle size of silt ceramsite is 20-25mm, and its properties are shown in Table 1; the cement is sulphoaluminate cement; % triisopropanolamine reinforcing component and 20% EVA emulsion thickening component; the repairing agent is composed of 70% zeolite particles and 30% expanded perlite particles.

Prefabricated concrete slab mold: the internal size of the mold is 60cm×30cm×12cm, there is a 60cm×10cm×3cm rectangular formwork in the middle of the mold to reserve the slot 2 for placing the filler plate, and the 2cm on both sides of the formwork are PVC pipe sockets for prefabricated Leave the installation hole 4, and the socket is 20cm away from one side of the mould. After the mold is made, prepare the concrete slab 1. The steps are as follows: 1) Brush the mold with oil, and insert two 30cm long PVC pipes into the socket; 2) Stir the cement, additives and water in the above components for 1.5 minutes and then add pre-wet The ceramsite and granule repair agent that have been dried for 24 hours, continue to stir for 2 minutes, and prepare lightweight concrete; 3) Pour the concrete into the mold, pour in three layers, and spread a layer of 1.2cm mesh after pouring and compacting each layer 1. Galvanized steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.3mm. After laying the steel mesh on the first layer, tie a galvanized steel bar with a diameter of 6mm in the middle of the two PVC pipes near the wide side to disperse the hanging force; 4) Hanging board maintenance After 7 days, pour the planting base into the void inside the concrete, and cover the surface with a layer of anti-corrosion geotextile; 5) Mix zeolite, expanded perlite, diatomite and bentonite evenly in a volume ratio of 5:2:2:1 Afterwards, it is compacted into a packing plate of 55cm×9.5cm×2.5cm; 6) After the plants take root and fix the soil, put the packing plate into the notch 2 and block it with wooden wedges. At this time, the concrete plate can be used for river revetment reconstruction. The performance of the concrete slab is shown in Table 4.

Table 4 embodiment three concrete slab properties

Claims (8)

1. an ecological remediation type precast slab, adopts concrete prefabricated forming, it is characterized in that: describedly concretely to consist of:

Porousness aggregate: 400 ~ 700kg/m ³;

Low alkalinity agglutinate: 200 ~ 250kg/m ³;

Particulate state renovation agent: 40 ~ 60kg/m ³;

Efficient additive: 3 ~ 7kg/m ³;

Water: 50 ~ 90kg/m ³;

Described particulate state renovation agent accounts for the zeolite granular of 60% ~ 70% by volume fraction and the expanded perlite granule of 30% ~ 40% forms.

2. ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: concrete slab inside is provided with notch, in notch, fill adsorption stuffing plate, the volume components of filler is than being zeolite: pearlstone: diatomite: wilkinite=5:2:2:1.

3. ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described precast slab is of a size of 60cm × 30cm × 12cm, notch in concrete slab inside is rectangle, rectangular groove length is 10 ~ 15cm, width is 3 ~ 4cm, and after filler plate loads rectangular groove, two ends timber wedge blocks up and down.

4. ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described porousness aggregate is the light ceramic fired, and grating is 10 ~ 20mm, 20 ~ 25mm, two kinds of single particle sizes or composite.

5. ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described low alkalinity agglutinate is aluminosulfate cement, and the pH value of its aquation slurry is 8 ~ 10.

6. ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the mass percent of described efficient additive consist of the polycarboxylate high performance diminishing component of 40% ~ 70%, the tri-isopropanolamine enhancement component of 20% ~ 40% and 10% ~ 20% EVA emulsion thickener component.

7. adopt ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 1 to transform a method for rigidity revetment, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:

Step one, prefabricated described ecological remediation type concrete slab, and rectangular groove is reserved in described precast slab, the volume of this rectangular groove accounts for 8% ~ 17% of concrete slab volume, and concrete slab pours into plant species phytyl after maintenance in its space, and arranges one deck corrosion protection geotextile;

Step 2, zeolite, pearlstone, diatomite and wilkinite are compressed into filler plate according to after the volume ratio mix of 5:2:2:1, the size of filler plate is advisable easily to put into reserved rectangular groove, and after filler plate puts into reserved rectangular groove, upper and lower two ends timber wedge blocks to be convenient for changing;

Step 3, after the solid soil of plant establishment, be transported to working-yard, utilize two reserved open holess to hang on original rigidity revetment.

8. adopt ecological remediation type precast slab according to claim 1 to repair a method for riverbed substrate, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:

Step one, prefabricated described ecological remediation type concrete slab, and rectangular groove is reserved in described precast slab, the volume of this rectangular groove accounts for 8% ~ 17% of concrete slab volume, and concrete slab pours into plant species phytyl after maintenance in its space, and arranges one deck corrosion protection geotextile;

Step 2, zeolite, pearlstone, diatomite and wilkinite are compressed into filler plate according to after the volume ratio mix of 5:2:2:1, the size of filler plate is advisable easily to put into reserved rectangular groove, and after filler plate puts into rectangular groove, upper and lower two ends timber wedge blocks to be convenient for changing;

Step 3, after the solid soil of plant establishment, be transported to working-yard, use antirust steel wire, by open holes, each block concrete plate is connected together rear being directly layed in bottom riverbed.