CN104117566B - A kind of three-dimensional modeling apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional modeling apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104117566B CN104117566B CN201310146311.4A CN201310146311A CN104117566B CN 104117566 B CN104117566 B CN 104117566B CN 201310146311 A CN201310146311 A CN 201310146311A CN 104117566 B CN104117566 B CN 104117566B
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000168254 Siro Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007687 exposure technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional modeling apparatus, comprising: molding cavity, valve layer, liquid storage cavity, driving retracting device and control device.The invention also discloses a kind of three-dimensionally shaped method being applied to above-mentioned three-dimensional modeling apparatus, comprising: the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data determining described three-dimensional stereo model according to three-dimensional stereo model to be produced; Calculate each jet orifice in described valve layer according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data and need the liquid-column height of injection; Load needed for each valve in described driving retracting device required drive and described valve layer is calculated according to described liquid-column height; Control described driving retracting device to make it to continue to provide described power, and apply described load to respectively each valve described, obtain three-dimensionally shaped product.Three-dimensional modeling apparatus provided by the invention and method, the viscosity that make use of intellectual material fluid media (medium) can with the fast-changing feature of external condition, has that shaping speed is fast, institute's generation model can the advantage such as real-time change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensionally shaped technical field, particularly a kind of three-dimensional modeling apparatus and method.
Background technology
Three-dimensionally shapedly to have a wide range of applications in various different field, existing three-dimensionally shaped, mainly through realizing with under type:
1., by the mode of traditional machining, realize three-dimensionally shaped.
Such as, with the strong material of plasticity for medium, by three-dimensional mould, generate required three-dimensional stereo model in the mode of punching press, more such as, form thin shell piece by stamped metal or the strong material of plasticity.
2., for different medium, by controlled curing process (also comprising sintering process), realize three-dimensionally shaped.
Such as, with ultra-violet curing glue for medium, adopt layering uv-exposure technique, by threedimensional model vertical cross-section layering of (such as Z axis) on an axle, expose layer by layer, every layer of pattern obtained is different, finally forms three-dimensional stereo model.Its formed precision depends on the thickness of layering.Similar technique also has, and deposit solder in a welding manner, finally forms required three-dimensional stereo model, and model accuracy depends on molten drop size, and molten drop is less, precision is higher.
Controlled curing process, compared with the mode of traditional machining, has the advantages such as save material, can form complex model, shaping speed is fast, can be mass, cost is low.But no matter adopt which kind of three-dimensionally shaped mode, shaping medium is once after making three-dimensional stereo model, if need to reuse shaping medium, usually need first to recycle in type three-dimensional stereo model by the mode such as such as smelting, the shaping medium after recycling could be used afterwards, and directly can not reuse shaping medium.
Visible, the three-dimensionally shaped method of prior art all can not realize directly reusing of shaping medium, more can not allow the real-time change of in type three-dimensional stereo model.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, an object of the embodiment of the present invention is: provide a kind of three-dimensional modeling apparatus, this device can realize directly reusing of shaping medium.
Another main purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is: provide a kind of method being applied to described three-dimensional modeling apparatus, the method enough directly can reuse shaping medium.
According to an above-mentioned object, embodiments provide a kind of three-dimensional modeling apparatus, comprising:
Molding cavity, for providing the three-dimensionally shaped space of fluid media (medium);
Valve layer, closely be connected with described molding cavity, described valve layer comprises some valves and is arranged on the valve supporter between described valve, described valve is fixed by described valve supporter, described valve comprises fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, have jet orifice in each fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, by controlling the viscosity of described jet orifice inner fluid medium, controls the height of fluid media (medium) emitted in described jet orifice;
Liquid storage cavity, with described valve layer compact siro spinning technology, for storing fluid medium;
Drive retracting device, be communicated with described liquid storage cavity and described molding cavity, power is applied to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity, the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity is made to obtain the kinetic energy needed for spraying, and, absorb the fluid media (medium) accumulated bottom described molding cavity, be transported in described liquid storage cavity;
Control device, obtain the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of three-dimensional stereo model to be produced, calculate each jet orifice in described valve layer according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data and need the liquid-column height of injection, calculate load needed for valve described in each according to described liquid-column height, apply described load to respectively valve described in each; Control described driving retracting device to continue to apply power, with three-dimensional stereo model described in dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity.
Wherein, described driving retracting device comprises: the pump housing, main recovery approach and a recovery approach,
Described main recovery approach, one end connects with the described pump housing, and the other end connects with described liquid storage cavity;
Described recovery approach, one end connects with the described pump housing, and the other end connects with described molding cavity; Described molding cavity is communicated with described liquid storage cavity by described recovery approach, the pump housing and main recovery approach;
The described pump housing, apply power to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity by described main recovery approach, the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity is made to obtain the kinetic energy needed for spraying, absorb by described recovery approach the fluid media (medium) accumulated bottom described molding cavity, and send the fluid media (medium) of absorption to described liquid storage cavity by described recovery approach, main recovery approach.
Wherein, described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component comprises the electrode of at least one pair of Control Component inner fluid medium viscosity, and described fluid media (medium) is ER fluid; Or,
Described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component comprises the magnetic pole of Control Component inner fluid medium viscosity, and described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid; Or,
Described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component is the device for control temperature, and described fluid media (medium) is the temperature variant fluid media (medium) of viscosity.
Wherein, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises: diaphragm, covers on described molding cavity, is out of shape, with formative dynamics 3D shape intuitively under the impact of fluid media (medium) along with the height change of jet fluid column.
Wherein, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises: agitating device, is arranged in described liquid storage cavity, under control of the control means, stirs described fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity.
Wherein, the cross sectional shape of each described jet orifice is all identical or part is identical or completely different.
Wherein, the magnetic pole of control jet viscosity is comprised at described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, when described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises: some magnetic screen blocks, be arranged between described magnetic pole respectively, to shield magnetic field that a valve produces to the impact of the fluid media (medium) viscosity in other valves.
Wherein, the magnetic pole of control jet viscosity is comprised at described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, when described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises magnetic shield, on the end face being arranged on described valve layer and/or bottom surface, to shield magnetic field that a valve produces to the impact of the fluid media (medium) viscosity in other valves.
According to another object above-mentioned, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of three-dimensionally shaped method, it is characterized in that, is applied in three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, and described three-dimensionally shaped method comprises:
The three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of described three-dimensional stereo model is determined according to three-dimensional stereo model to be produced;
The liquid-column height of each jet orifice needs injection is calculated according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data;
Calculate load needed for each valve according to described liquid-column height, apply described load to respectively each valve;
Continue to apply power, by three-dimensional stereo model described in fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity.
Wherein, continuing the power value applying power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity, determining according to pre-setting, or, need the liquid-column height sprayed to determine according to jet orifice.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus that the embodiment of the present invention provides and three-dimensionally shaped method, make use of fluid media (medium) viscosity can with change of external conditions fast-changing feature, according to three-dimensional stereo model to be produced, by continuing to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity, and apply different load to respectively each valve, utilize the difference of fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamically to generate three-dimensional stereo model.Because fluid media (medium) reclaiming in real time by driving retracting device, thus applying the present invention and can realize directly reusing of shaping medium.
Have again, when applying different load to each valve, fluid media (medium) liquid-column height emitted by each jet orifice can change thereupon, and thus applying the three-dimensional stereo model that generates of the embodiment of the present invention can real-time change, and does not need to change medium in the process of change.
Visible, the apparatus and method that the application embodiment of the present invention provides, can show three-dimensional stereo model dynamically, have shaping speed fast, and control simple, shaping medium is reusable, saves the advantages such as material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, simple introduction is done below by the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the cross-sectional view of the injection discharge orifice of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the distribution schematic diagram of jet orifice in three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of valve in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows a kind of schematic diagram being applied to the three-dimensionally shaped method of three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is the kinetic energy utilizing some fluid media (medium)s to produce described in jet state, forms the fluid column with certain altitude, utilizes the difference of liquid-column height, forms three-dimensional stereo model.This three-dimensional stereo model can dynamic adjustments as required, and the shape of three-dimensional stereo model top curve surface is real-time change, does not need to change medium in change procedure.
Above-mentioned fluid media (medium) has lower surface properties: fluid media (medium) own viscosity can be controlled by external condition, and as magnetic field, electric field, temperature field etc., the viscosity of fluid media (medium) changes along with the change of external condition.
After the change of fluid media (medium) fluid viscosity, in jet orifice, therefore flow resistance also can change, and flow resistance is regulated by the viscosity change of fluid media (medium), and viscosity is large, then flow resistance is large, and viscosity is little, then flow resistance is little; Through the fluid column emitted by the jet orifice that flow resistance is large, lower than through the fluid column emitted by the little jet orifice of flow resistance; Like this, just three-dimensional stereo model is defined dynamically by dynamic conditioning liquid-column height difference.
Be the cross-sectional view of the injection discharge orifice of three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention see Fig. 1, Fig. 1, comprise:
Molding cavity 11, provides the molding space of fluid media (medium) 16;
Above-mentioned fluid media (medium) 16 own viscosity can be controlled by external condition, and as magnetic field, electric field, temperature field etc., the viscosity of fluid media (medium) changes along with the change of external condition, and such as fluid media (medium) can be ER fluid or magnetic flow liquid, wherein:
ER fluid is a kind of intellectual material, and it is formed by adding specific nano-scale particle in base fluid, when there is not sedimentation, belongs to colloidal solution.ER fluid has the character that own viscosity changes along with the change of electric field strength, and that is, the viscosity of ER fluid can be regulated by extra electric field.Electric field strength is larger, and ER fluid viscosity is higher.Also be, ER fluid is a kind of liquid that can produce change between liquid and class is solid-state under electric field action, under electric field action, can to become class fast from liquid state solid-state for ER fluid, and when removing electric field action, ER fluid can become liquid state fast from class is solid-state.
Magnetic flow liquid is also a kind of intellectual material, is the suspension mixed by high magnetic permeability, low hysteresis small soft magnetic particles and non-magnetic liquid.This suspension presents the Newtonian fluid characteristic of low-viscosity under zero magnetic field condition; When externally-applied magnetic field, the viscosity of magnetic flow liquid increases along with the enhancing in magnetic field and finally loses flowability and becomes solid-state.
It should be noted that, anyly the liquid of alter dielectric viscosity can be able to be applied in the application with change of external conditions, the concrete carrier of the application's not fluid medium limits.
Valve layer 12, with molding cavity 11 compact siro spinning technology, described valve layer 12 comprises some valves 121 and valve supporter 122, and described valve 121 is fixed by described valve supporter 122; Described valve 121 comprises fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component 1212, and have jet orifice 1211 in each fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component 1212, this jet orifice 1211 is the fluid medium channel in valve 121; Described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component 1212, by controlling the viscosity of described jet orifice 1211 inner fluid medium 16, increases jet resistance, controls the height of fluid media (medium) 16 emitted in described jet orifice 1211;
Because each valve can control separately, thus in each jet orifice, flow resistance also can control separately, and concrete control method is prior art, does not elaborate here;
In the present embodiment, when described fluid media (medium) 16 is ER fluid, described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component 1212 comprises the electrode of at least one pair of control jet viscosity; When described fluid media (medium) 16 is magnetic flow liquid, described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component 1212 comprises the magnetic pole of at least one pair of control jet viscosity.
With fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component for electrode, fluid media (medium) is ER fluid is example, if electric field strength is larger, then ER fluid viscosity is higher, therefore larger by the resistance of jet orifice, the larger a part of kinetic energy also just consuming jet fluid column of resistance, compared with the ER fluid jet before non-added electric field and the liquid-column height that goes out, can obtain highly relatively low fluid column.The fluid column of multiple differing heights together, just dynamic formation three-dimensional stereo model.
Wherein, described valve supporter 122, is arranged between described valve 121, supports for being formed between described valve 121.In addition, when fluid media (medium) 16 adopts ER fluid, the valve supporter 122 in described valve layer is electrically insulating material preferably.When fluid media (medium) 16 adopts magnetic flow liquid, the material that preferably magnetic field insulating properties is strong of the valve supporter 122 in described valve layer, for reducing the interference of electromagnetic field between jet orifice 1211.
Liquid storage cavity 13, with described valve layer 12 compact siro spinning technology, for storing fluid medium 16;
Drive retracting device 15, be communicated with described liquid storage cavity 13 and described molding cavity 11, power is applied to the fluid media (medium) 16 in described liquid storage cavity 13, the fluid media (medium) 16 in liquid storage cavity 13 is made to obtain the kinetic energy needed for spraying, and, absorb the fluid media (medium) 16 accumulated bottom described molding cavity 11, be transported in liquid storage cavity 13;
Still see Fig. 1, in a kind of possible embodiment, described driving retracting device 15 comprises main recovery approach 151, the pump housing 152 and a recovery approach 153, wherein:
Described main recovery approach 151, one end connects with the pump housing 152, and the other end connects with liquid storage cavity 13;
The described pump housing 152, apply power to the described fluid media (medium) 16 in described liquid storage cavity 13 by main recovery approach 151, the fluid media (medium) 16 in described liquid storage cavity 13 is made to obtain the kinetic energy needed for spraying, absorbed the fluid media (medium) accumulated bottom described molding cavity 11 by a recovery approach 153, and send the fluid media (medium) of absorption to liquid storage cylinder body 13 by a recovery approach 153, main recovery approach 151.
Described recovery approach 153, one end connects with the pump housing 152, and the other end connects with molding cavity 11; Described molding cavity 11 is communicated with described liquid storage cavity 13 by main recovery approach 151, the pump housing 152 and a recovery approach 153;
In a preferred embodiment, the described pump housing 152 is preferably circulating pump.The outlet pressure of circulating pump changes along with application demand difference, also changes along with the difference of load simultaneously.
It should be noted that, described recovery approach 153 can be one or more, such as, middle existence embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 two recovery approach, in actual applications, the quantity of a recovery approach is determined according to concrete demand, is not construed as limiting herein to the number of a recovery approach.
Control device 17, obtain the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of three-dimensional stereo model to be produced, the required liquid-column height sprayed of each jet orifice 1211 in valve layer 12 is calculated according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data, calculate load needed for each valve 121 described according to described liquid-column height, apply described load to respectively each valve 121 described; Control described driving retracting device 15 to continue to apply power, with three-dimensional stereo model described in dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity 13.
Three-dimensional envelope surface is three-dimensional dull curved surface, and take jet direction as Z axis, jet orifice plane is XY face, then on XY face, the height value of each jet orifice ejection is unique, also namely perpendicular to jet orifice any on the perspective plane of a jet axis only corresponding height point.
Here, control to drive retracting device 15 to continue to apply the power value of power to described liquid storage cavity 13 inner fluid medium, can determine in the following manner:
A kind of possible mode determines according to pre-setting;
Such as, pre-determine a power value based on experience value,
Another kind of possible mode is, needs the highest liquid-column height sprayed to determine according to jet orifice;
Such as, the power value needed for the highest fluid column is Fmax, then, the power value F continuing to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity can utilize formula below (1) to calculate:
F＝K*Fmax(1)
Wherein, K is coefficient, and the selection being not less than 1, K can be determined according to concrete working condition.
Another possible mode is, according to the state parameter (length, hole inner wall roughness, hole cross sectional shape etc. as hole) of the liquid-column height of each jet orifice, the null field viscosity of fluid media (medium) and each jet orifice, calculate each jet orifice inner fluid medium respectively under null field condition, be ejected into power value needed for specified altitude assignment, get the maximum Fmax of each power value calculated, recycle above-mentioned formula (1) and calculate the power value continuing to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity.
Like this, the power value at every turn driving retracting device to provide for different three-dimensional stereo models may be all different.
It should be noted that, calculate and drive the required method applying power value of retracting device to have multiple, more than just two kinds of possible implementations, concrete account form is not limited herein.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned control device 17, in specific implementation process, both can be a physical equipment, also can be multiple physical equipment, and this paper also limits the external expressive form of the device controlled.
Apply embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, by continuing to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity, and applying different load to respectively each valve, utilizing the difference of fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamically to generate three-dimensional stereo model.Because fluid media (medium) reclaiming in real time by driving retracting device, thus apply the present invention and can realize directly reusing of shaping medium, and shaping speed is fast, control simple.
It should be noted that, when fluid media (medium) 16 is magnetic flow liquid, three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in Fig. 1 can also comprise some magnetic screen block (not shown in figure 1)s, be arranged between often pair of magnetic pole 1212 respectively, for shielding magnetic field that a valve produces to the interference of the viscosity of other valve inner fluid media 16.In addition, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus can also comprise magnetic shield (not shown in figure 1), on the bottom surface 123 being arranged on described valve layer and/or end face 124, to shield magnetic field that a valve produces to the impact of the fluid media (medium) viscosity in other valves.That is, three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in Fig. 1 both can only include magnetic screen block, also can only include magnetic shield, can also comprise magnetic screen block and magnetic shield simultaneously, no matter which kind of situation, did not all limit herein to the number of magnetic screen block, magnetic shield.
It should be noted that, the material of above-mentioned magnetic screen block, magnetic shield and application process, originally as prior art, no longer describe in detail here.
To sum up, above-mentioned fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component comprises the electrode of at least one pair of Control Component inner fluid medium viscosity, and now described fluid media (medium) is ER fluid; Or described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component comprises the magnetic pole of Control Component inner fluid medium viscosity, now described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid; Such as, or described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component is the device for control temperature, and now described fluid media (medium) is the temperature variant fluid media (medium) of viscosity, hydraulic pressure wet goods.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned three-dimensional modeling apparatus can also comprise diaphragm 18, cover on described molding cavity 11, under the impact of jet, can change along with the difference of jet liquid-column height, with formative dynamics 3D shape intuitively, thus this diaphragm 18 is usually made by not only light but also the thin and material of flexible.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned three-dimensional modeling apparatus can also comprise agitating device 14, is arranged in liquid storage cavity 13, under the control of control device 17, stirs the fluid media (medium) 16 in liquid storage cavity 13.In this case, described control device 17 also for timing or control described agitating device 14 according to the stirring instruction received.
Fig. 2 shows the distribution schematic diagram of jet orifice 1211 in three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in Fig. 1.In the embodiment depicted in figure 2, the cross section of each jet orifice 1211 is circle, and the spacing of each jet orifice, diameter are all equal.
The cross-sectional sizes equal distribution parameter of the quantity of jet orifice 1211, the distribute spacing of each jet orifice and each jet orifice is not limited herein.In the embodiment that other are possible, the cross sectional shape of each jet orifice 1211 can all identical, also can part identical, can also be completely different, such as, each jet orifice cross sectional shape can be circle, rectangle, square, irregularly shaped etc.In addition, the jet orifice spacing that can have jet orifice spacing that is near, that have is far away, and above-mentioned jet orifice distributed constant can adjust according to different model requirements.
See the structural representation that Fig. 3, Fig. 3 are valve in three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, utilize hot-wire coil can produce the feature in magnetic field, employing magnetic flow liquid is fluid media (medium), compared with the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, just fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component is different, and other are identical, here to the no longer repeat specification of identical content.Below only fluid medium viscosity Control Component is described in detail.
First, as shown in Figure 3, valve 421 in the present embodiment comprises fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, the magnetic pole of described at least one control jet viscosity of fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, the coil 4212 that each magnetic pole comprises open tubular column 4211 and is wrapped on described open tubular column, have jet orifice 4213 in open tubular column 4211, described valve 421 is for controlling the viscosity of magnetic flow liquid 46 in described jet orifice 4213.
Fig. 3 is only a kind of possible implementation of fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, does not limit herein to the specific implementation of fluid viscosity Control Component, and any possible implementation can be applied in the application.Wherein, described valve supporter 422, is arranged between described valve 421, supports for being formed between described valve 421.
Further, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus can also comprise some magnetic screen block (not shown), be arranged between described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component respectively, for shielding magnetic field that described valve produces to the interference of the viscosity of other valve inner fluid media 46.In addition, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus can also comprise at least one magnetic shield 4214, on the bottom surface 423 being arranged on described valve layer and/or end face 424.Selecting and being designed to prior art of described magnetic shield, no longer describes in detail here.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of three-dimensionally shaped method, and the method is applied on three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 4, and see Fig. 4, described method specifically comprises:
Step 41, determines the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of described three-dimensional stereo model according to three-dimensional stereo model to be produced;
Such as, 3D scanner is utilized to set up the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of three-dimensional stereo model in software.
Here, anyly can determine according to three-dimensional stereo model to be produced that the method for the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of described three-dimensional stereo model can be applied to herein, the defining method of three-dimensional envelope curved surface data not limited herein.
Step 42, calculates according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data the liquid-column height sprayed required for each jet orifice;
Such as, first obtain each jet orifice mark, the jetting height required for each jet orifice is calculated again according to the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of three-dimensional stereo model, and then preserve corresponding with the jetting height of the needs of each jet orifice for the mark of each jet orifice, obtain the required altitude information sprayed of each jet orifice;
Here, any method that can calculate according to three-dimensional envelope curved surface data the liquid-column height sprayed required for each jet orifice can be applied to herein, does not limit herein to concrete computational methods.
Step 43, calculates load needed for each valve according to described liquid-column height, applies described load to respectively each valve.
Such as, the power value provided is provided according to described liquid-column height and driving retracting device, calculate the resistance of each valve inner fluid medium, and then load needed for each valve as described in calculating in conjunction with the state parameter (length, hole inner wall roughness, hole cross sectional shape etc. as hole) of jet orifice and the characteristic (the null field viscosity of such as fluid media (medium)) of fluid media (medium); By driving retracting device to apply to calculate load to each valve respectively, such as, calculating load needed for valve 1, valve 2 for being respectively U1, U2, then load U1 being put on valve 1, load U2 is put on valve 2.
Here, any method that can calculate load needed for each valve according to liquid-column height can be applied to herein, does not limit herein to concrete computational methods.
Step 44, continues to apply power, by the three-dimensional model of three-dimensional objects described in fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity.
The power value continuing to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity is determined by multiple method, and a kind of possible computational methods are:
According to the state parameter (length, hole inner wall roughness, hole cross sectional shape etc. as hole) of the liquid-column height of each jet orifice, the null field viscosity of fluid media (medium) and each jet orifice, calculate each jet orifice inner fluid medium respectively under null field condition, be ejected into power value needed for specified altitude assignment, get the maximum Fmax of each power value calculated, utilize above-mentioned formula (1) to calculate and continue to the power value of the fluid media (medium) applying power in liquid storage cavity.
Certainly, do not limit concrete computational methods herein, any possible computational methods can be applied to herein.
Calculate continue in liquid storage cavity fluid media (medium) apply power power value after, continue by driving retracting device to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity, under the cooperation that different loads is applied to each valve, can dynamic formation three-dimensional stereo model.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional stereo model to be produced can according to be applied to the different load of each valve and timing or change in real time.
Application said method, by continuing to apply power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity, and applying different load to respectively each valve, utilizing the difference of fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamically to generate three-dimensional stereo model.Because fluid media (medium) reclaiming in real time by driving retracting device, thus apply the present invention and can realize directly reusing of shaping medium, and shaping speed is fast, control simple.
In above-mentioned all embodiments, all that a kind of external condition such as electric field or magnetic field change and causes the viscosity of fluid media (medium) to change, in the embodiment that other are possible, also can be that multiple external condition changes and causes the viscosity of fluid media (medium) to change.Fluid media (medium) involved by the embodiment of the present invention at least will have the character that a kind of external condition can control own viscosity change.As magnetic flow liquid can by the change of its viscosity of Magnetic control; ER fluid can by the change of himself viscosity of electric field controls; Some fluid is also had to control the change of its viscosity by temperature field.As long as have at least one external condition, himself viscosity is changed, and the change of this viscosity can return to the fluid media (medium) of original state after external condition is cancelled, and may be used in the embodiment of the present invention.In a word, in this article, neither the concrete carrier of condition limits to external world, also the concrete carrier of fluid medium does not limit, anyly can the external condition that changes of control flow check body medium viscosity can be applied to herein, meanwhile, any can produce with change of external conditions viscosity can recover change fluid media (medium) also can be applied to herein.
Below for the threedimensional model of massif, the embodiment of the present invention is elaborated again.
Mountain peak, mountain valley is had in the threedimensional model of described massif, suppose that a mountain peak in massif is corresponding with jet orifice A, a mountain valley in massif is corresponding with jet orifice B, in this example, fluid media (medium) is ER fluid, load is voltage, utilizes the method for the model on three-dimensional modeling apparatus display mountain described in Fig. 1 to comprise:
1. set up three-dimensional stereo model in software, concrete, can be set up by the structural parameters of the model of massif, also can set up according to 3D scanning result, obtain the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of massif according to set up three-dimensional stereo model;
2. the liquid-column height of each jet orifice needs injection is calculated according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data;
Such as, calculating liquid-column height corresponding to jet orifice A is H1, and the liquid-column height that jet orifice B is corresponding is H2;
3. calculate load needed for each valve according to described liquid-column height, apply described load to respectively each valve;
Such as, according to aforementioned calculation method, calculating jet orifice A needs the voltage applied to be U1, and jet orifice B needs the voltage applied to be U2, and wherein, the value of U2 is greater than U1; Afterwards, the valve corresponding to jet orifice A applies voltage U 1, and the valve corresponding to jet orifice B applies voltage U 2; Like this, the flow resistance of jet orifice B is large, and its liquid-column height is low, and jet orifice A flow resistance is little, and its fluid column is high;
4. by driving retracting device to continue to apply power, by three-dimensional stereo model described in fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity.
As seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention make use of the viscosity of intellectual material fluid media (medium) can with the fast-changing feature of external condition, has that shaping speed is fast, institute's generation model can the advantage such as real-time change.
Because device embodiment and embodiment of the method are very similar, relevant part can cross-reference.
It should be noted that, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment and not only comprise those key elements, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.When not more restrictions, the key element limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment comprising described key element and also there is other identical element.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., be all included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a three-dimensional modeling apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising:
Molding cavity, for providing the three-dimensionally shaped space of fluid media (medium);
Valve layer, closely be connected with described molding cavity, described valve layer comprises some valves and is arranged on the valve supporter between described valve, described valve is fixed by described valve supporter, described valve comprises fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, have jet orifice in each fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, by controlling the viscosity of described jet orifice inner fluid medium, controls the height of fluid media (medium) emitted in described jet orifice;
Liquid storage cavity, with described valve layer compact siro spinning technology, for storing fluid medium;
Drive retracting device, be communicated with described liquid storage cavity and described molding cavity, power is applied to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity, the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity is made to obtain the kinetic energy needed for spraying, and, absorb the fluid media (medium) accumulated bottom described molding cavity, be transported in described liquid storage cavity;
Control device, obtain the three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of three-dimensional stereo model to be produced, calculate each jet orifice in described valve layer according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data and need the liquid-column height of injection, calculate load needed for valve described in each according to described liquid-column height, apply described load to respectively valve described in each; Control described driving retracting device to continue to apply power, with three-dimensional stereo model described in dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity.
2. three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, described driving retracting device comprises: the pump housing, main recovery approach and a recovery approach,
Described main recovery approach, one end connects with the described pump housing, and the other end connects with described liquid storage cavity;
Described recovery approach, one end connects with the described pump housing, and the other end connects with described molding cavity; Described molding cavity is communicated with described liquid storage cavity by described recovery approach, the pump housing and main recovery approach;
The described pump housing, apply power to the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity by described main recovery approach, the fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity is made to obtain the kinetic energy needed for spraying, absorb by described recovery approach the fluid media (medium) accumulated bottom described molding cavity, and send the fluid media (medium) of absorption to described liquid storage cavity by described recovery approach, main recovery approach.
3. three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component comprises the electrode of at least one pair of Control Component inner fluid medium viscosity, and described fluid media (medium) is ER fluid; Or,
Described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component comprises the magnetic pole of Control Component inner fluid medium viscosity, and described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid; Or,
Described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component is the device for control temperature, and described fluid media (medium) is the temperature variant fluid media (medium) of viscosity.
4. three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises: diaphragm, covers on described molding cavity, is out of shape, with formative dynamics 3D shape intuitively under the impact of fluid media (medium) along with the height change of jet fluid column.
5. three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises: agitating device, is arranged in described liquid storage cavity, under control of the control means, stirs described fluid media (medium) in described liquid storage cavity.
6. three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross sectional shape of each described jet orifice is all identical or part is identical or completely different.
7. three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the magnetic pole of control jet viscosity is comprised at described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, when described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises: some magnetic screen blocks, be arranged between described magnetic pole respectively, to shield magnetic field that a valve produces to the impact of the fluid media (medium) viscosity in other valves.
8. the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 3 or 7, it is characterized in that, the magnetic pole of control jet viscosity is comprised at described fluid media (medium) viscosity Control Component, when described fluid media (medium) is magnetic flow liquid, described three-dimensional modeling apparatus also comprises magnetic shield, on the end face being arranged on described valve layer and/or bottom surface, to shield magnetic field that a valve produces to the impact of the fluid media (medium) viscosity in other valves.
9. a three-dimensionally shaped method, is characterized in that, is applied in three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, and described three-dimensionally shaped method comprises:
The three-dimensional envelope curved surface data of described three-dimensional stereo model is determined according to three-dimensional stereo model to be produced;
The liquid-column height of each jet orifice needs injection is calculated according to described three-dimensional envelope curved surface data;
Calculate load needed for each valve according to described liquid-column height, apply described load to respectively each valve;
Continue to apply power, by three-dimensional stereo model described in fluid media (medium) liquid-column height dynamic formation to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity.
10. three-dimensionally shaped method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, continuing the power value applying power to the fluid media (medium) in liquid storage cavity, determining according to pre-setting, or, need the liquid-column height sprayed to determine according to jet orifice.
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