CN104107097A - Macroscopic-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchical mechanical compatible bone restoration and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Macroscopic-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchical mechanical compatible bone restoration and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104107097A CN104107097A CN201410337365.3A CN201410337365A CN104107097A CN 104107097 A CN104107097 A CN 104107097A CN 201410337365 A CN201410337365 A CN 201410337365A CN 104107097 A CN104107097 A CN 104107097A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a macroscopic-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchical mechanical compatible bone restoration and preparation thereof. The bone restoration comprises a macroscopic pore metal structural body, a microscopic pore structural body and nanofibers. The appearance of the macroscopic pore metal structural body is consistent with an anatomic form of defect part bone tissues, the size of internal macroscopic pores is 300-1500 micrometers, porosity ranges from 50% to 90%, microscopic roughness Ra of pore walls is 5-30 micrometers, all the macroscopic pores are communicated with one another completely, mechanical property of the macroscopic pore metal structural body is compatible with that of the defect part bone tissues, compressive strength is 60-300MPa, and elasticity modulus is 0.5-30GPa. The microscopic pore structural body is positioned in the macroscopic pore metal structural body, internal microscopic pores are uniform in structure and are communicated with one another completely, the pore size is 50-250 micrometers, and pore walls of the microscopic pores consist of the nanofibers which are made of biodegradable polymer materials. The bone restoration perfectly integrates the anatomic form, the mechanical property and biological property and can be applied to treatment of large segmental bone defects of bearing parts clinically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel surgical implant, be specifically related to a kind of macroscopic view-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair and preparation method thereof, belong to biomedical engineering technology field.
Background technology
The bone that caused by disease and wound is damaged is commonly encountered diseases clinically, is also one of global problem of orthopaedics therapy, is having a strong impact on patient's quality of life.At present, the damaged method for the treatment of bone has autologous bone and allogenic bone transplantation, degradable biomaterial and medical metal material to transplant, and tissue engineering technique etc.Though autologous bone is good, originates limited, and can bring unnecessary secondary insult to patient; Allograph bone has immunogenicity and the shortcoming such as pathogenic; Degradable biomaterial has had more widely application clinically because having good biocompatibility, but because it lacks enough mechanical strengths, can only be applied among a small circle, treatment that non-weight bearing area bone is damaged; On a large scale, weight bearing area bone, the damaged treatment in joint can only adopt the transplanting of metal material clinically, although medical metal material has good biocompatibility, but shortage biological activity, and the elastic modelling quantity of metal material is far above body bone tissue, therefore, postoperatively there will be various complication, therapeutic effect is not ideal enough.Although tissue engineering technique is more advanced, and start application gradually clinically, the bone repair that tissue engineering technique builds at present still lacks enough mechanical strengths, the reparation of be not suitable on a large scale, weight bearing area bone is damaged.Therefore, research and develop a kind of new type bone dummy, the elastic modelling quantity that makes it both there is desirable mechanical strength and match with body bone tissue, the excellent biology performance that possesses again degradable biomaterial, for improving on a large scale, the late result of weight bearing area bone defect healing has important scientific meaning and practical value.
Find by prior art documents, not yet find so far or similar bibliographical information identical with theme of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing magnesium-base porous material preparation method, the preparation method of the controlled magnesio three-dimensional porous material of a kind of structure is provided, can prepare inside is the magnesium-base porous material of artificial regulatable three-dimensional porous structure, make it to there is the performances such as different structures, mechanics, physics, to meet different instructions for uses.
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of macroscopic view-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair and preparation method thereof is provided, overcome existing bone repair profile and mechanical property and defect osseous tissue anatomy form and the unmatched defect of mechanical characteristic, and build a kind of macroscopic view-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchy feature, regulating cell behavior, gives bone repair good biology performance.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Macroscopic view-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, it comprises macroporosity metal structure, micropore structure body and nanofiber; The profile of described macroporosity metal structure is consistent with the anatomy form of defect osseous tissue, inner macroporosity is of a size of 300-1500 micron, porosity is 50%-90%, and hole wall asperity Ra is 5-30 micron, between each macroporosity, is mutually communicated with completely; Within described micropore structure body is positioned at this macroporosity metal structure, inner micropore structure evenly and between hole is communicated with mutually completely, and this microscopic void is of a size of 50-250 micron; The pore wall of described microscopic void consists of described nanofiber.
Further, described macroporosity metal structure is even pore structure or gradient pore structured.
Further, the mechanical property of described macroporosity metal structure and the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue are suitable, and its comprcssive strength is 60-300MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 0.5-30GPa.
Further, described macroporosity metal structure is according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, by commercialization CAD software design, adopts the manufacture of metal 3D printing technique to form.
Further, described nanofiber consists of the biodegradable polymer that comprises collagen, chitosan, fibroin albumen, PLGA and PCL.
Further, described macroporosity metal structure is made by titanium and alloy, rustless steel, vitallium or tantalum metal.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is:
A method of preparing above-mentioned bone repair, it comprises the steps:
The first step, according to patient's the medical image data that comprises CT and MRI, the three-dimensional skeleton model of reconstruction patients defect;
Second step, according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, utilizes the commercialization CAD software that comprises Unigraphics, Pro/E and Catia, design macroporosity metal structure cad model;
The 3rd step, by second step designed macroporosity metal structure cad model and patient's defect skeleton threedimensional model, carries out Boolean calculation, forms the anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model;
The 4th step, the macroporosity metal structure cad model that the anatomy form obtaining according to the 3rd step is consistent with patient's defect skeleton model, take metal dust as raw material, adopt metal 3D printing technique, complete the manufacture of described macroporosity metal structure, guarantee the concordance of project organization and manufacturing structure;
The 5th step, is prepared into solution by biodegradable polymer material by organic solvent, and it is inner to be injected into the macroporosity of macroporosity metal structure, then inserts in the environment of-10 ℃~-70 ℃ and carries out freezing processing, forms solid union body;
The 6th step, by thermal induction phase detachment technique, organic solvent in the solid union body that the 5th step is formed is sublimed into gas, and solid-state organic solvent occupied position in described solid union body has formed microscopic void, and its pore wall is nanofibrous structures biodegradable polymer.
Further, described metal 3D printing technique comprises electron-beam melting forming technique and laser fusion forming technique.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has realized bone repair and has merged in the perfection of anatomy form, mechanical property and biology performance three aspects:, both the elastic modelling quantity that had there is desirable mechanical strength and matched with body bone tissue, the excellent biology performance that possesses again degradable biomaterial, can be used for the treatment of weight bearing area large segmental bone defect clinically, for improving on a large scale, the late result of weight bearing area bone defect healing has important scientific meaning and practical value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of nanofiber.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment be take technical solution of the present invention and under prerequisite, has been provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to following embodiment.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, macroscopic view-microcosmic shown in-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair comprises macroporosity metal structure 1, micropore structure body 2 and nanofiber 3.
The profile of described macroporosity metal structure 1 is consistent with the anatomy form of defect osseous tissue, inner macroporosity is of a size of 300-1500 micron, porosity is 50%-90%, hole wall asperity Ra is 5-30 micron, between each macroporosity, be mutually communicated with completely, described macroporosity metal structure 1 can be even pore structure, also can be gradient pore structured.
Described macroporosity metal structure 1 is made by titanium and alloy, rustless steel, vitallium or tantalum metal.Described macroporosity metal structure 1 is according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, by commercialization CAD software design, adopt the manufacture of metal 3D printing technique to form, thereby guarantee that designed macroscopic pore structure and the pore structure finally producing are in full accord.
The mechanical property of described macroporosity metal structure and the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue are suitable, and its comprcssive strength is 60-300MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 0.5-30GPa.
Within described micropore structure body 2 is positioned at this macroporosity metal structure 1, the micropore structure of micropore structure body 2 inside evenly and between hole is communicated with mutually completely, and this microscopic void is of a size of 50-250 micron; The pore wall of described microscopic void consists of described nanofiber 3.
Described nanofiber 3 consists of biodegradable polymer material, as: collagen, chitosan, fibroin albumen, PLGA, PCL etc.
Below provide in detail embodiments of the invention:
Embodiment 1
First, according to patient CT data, utilize Mimics software, the three-dimensional skeleton model of reconstruction patients defect; Secondly, according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, utilize commercialization CAD software, as: Unigraphics, Pro/E, Catia etc., design macroporosity metal structure cad model, macroporosity is of a size of 800 microns, and porosity is 70%, comprcssive strength is 120MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 10GPa; By designed macroporosity metal structure cad model and patient's defect skeleton threedimensional model, carry out Boolean calculation, form the anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model; According to this anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model, take metal dust as raw material, utilize electron-beam melting forming technique, complete the manufacture of macroporosity metal structure 1; Collagen is prepared into solution by organic solvent, and is injected into the inside, macroporosity of macroporosity metal structure 1, insert-40 ℃ of environment and carry out freezing processing, form solid union body; By thermal induction phase detachment technique, the organic solvent in solid union body is sublimed into gas, solid-state organic solvent occupied position in solid union body has formed microscopic void, and pore wall is nanometre collagen fiber.
Embodiment 2
First, according to patient MRI data, utilize Mimics software, the three-dimensional skeleton model of reconstruction patients defect; Secondly, according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, utilize commercialization CAD software, as: Unigraphics, Pro/E, Catia etc., design macroporosity metal structure cad model, macroporosity is of a size of 300 microns, and porosity is 90%, comprcssive strength is 60MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 0.5GPa; By designed macroporosity metal structure cad model and patient's defect skeleton threedimensional model, carry out Boolean calculation, form the anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model; According to this anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model, take metal dust as raw material, utilize laser fusion forming technique, complete the manufacture of macroporosity metal structure 1; Fibroin albumen is prepared into solution by organic solvent, and is injected into the inside, macroporosity of macroporosity metal structure 1, insert-10 ℃ of environment and carry out freezing processing, form solid union body; By thermal induction phase detachment technique, the organic solvent in solid union body is sublimed into gas, solid-state organic solvent occupied position in solid union body has formed microscopic void, and pore wall is nanometer fibroin fiber.
Embodiment 3
First, according to patient CT data, utilize Mimics software, the three-dimensional skeleton model of reconstruction patients defect; Secondly, according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, utilize commercialization CAD software, as: Unigraphics, Pro/E, Catia etc., design macroporosity metal structure cad model, macroporosity is of a size of 1500 microns, and porosity is 50%, comprcssive strength is 300MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 30GPa; By designed macroporosity metal structure cad model and patient's defect skeleton threedimensional model, carry out Boolean calculation, form the anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model; According to this anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model, take metal dust as raw material, utilize electron-beam melting forming technique, complete the manufacture of macroporosity metal structure 1; PLGA is prepared into solution by organic solvent, and is injected into the inside, macroporosity of macroporosity metal structure 1, insert-70 ℃ of environment and carry out freezing processing, form solid union body; By thermal induction phase detachment technique, the organic solvent in solid union body is sublimed into gas, solid-state organic solvent occupied position in solid union body has formed microscopic void, and pore wall is nanometer PLGA fiber.
Claims (8)
1. macroscopic view-microcosmic-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, is characterized in that: described bone repair comprises macroporosity metal structure, micropore structure body and nanofiber; The profile of described macroporosity metal structure is consistent with the anatomy form of defect osseous tissue, inner macroporosity is of a size of 300-1500 micron, porosity is 50%-90%, and hole wall asperity Ra is 5-30 micron, between each macroporosity, is mutually communicated with completely; Within described micropore structure body is positioned at this macroporosity metal structure, inner micropore structure evenly and between hole is communicated with mutually completely, and this microscopic void is of a size of 50-250 micron; The pore wall of described microscopic void consists of described nanofiber.
2. macroscopic view-microcosmic according to claim 1-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, is characterized in that: described macroporosity metal structure is even pore structure or gradient pore structured.
3. macroscopic view-microcosmic according to claim 1 and 2-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, it is characterized in that: the mechanical property of described macroporosity metal structure and the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue are suitable, its comprcssive strength is 60-300MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 0.5-30GPa.
4. macroscopic view-microcosmic according to claim 1-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, it is characterized in that: described macroporosity metal structure is according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, by commercialization CAD software design, adopt the manufacture of metal 3D printing technique to form.
5. macroscopic view-microcosmic according to claim 1-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, is characterized in that: described nanofiber consists of the biodegradable polymer that comprises collagen, chitosan, fibroin albumen, PLGA and PCL.
6. macroscopic view-microcosmic according to claim 1-nanometer hierarchy mechanics suitability bone repair, is characterized in that: described macroporosity metal structure is made by titanium and alloy, rustless steel, vitallium or tantalum metal.
7. a method of preparing bone repair described in claim 1, is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the steps:
The first step, according to patient's the medical image data that comprises CT and MRI, the three-dimensional skeleton model of reconstruction patients defect;
Second step, according to the mechanical property of defect osseous tissue and clinical practice needs, utilizes the commercialization CAD software that comprises Unigraphics, Pro/E and Catia, design macroporosity metal structure cad model;
The 3rd step, by second step designed macroporosity metal structure cad model and patient's defect skeleton threedimensional model, carries out Boolean calculation, forms the anatomy form macroporosity metal structure cad model consistent with patient's defect skeleton model;
The 4th step, the macroporosity metal structure cad model that the anatomy form obtaining according to the 3rd step is consistent with patient's defect skeleton model, take metal dust as raw material, adopt metal 3D printing technique, complete the manufacture of described macroporosity metal structure, guarantee the concordance of project organization and manufacturing structure;
The 5th step, is prepared into solution by biodegradable polymer material by organic solvent, and it is inner to be injected into the macroporosity of macroporosity metal structure, then inserts in the environment of-10 ℃~-70 ℃ and carries out freezing processing, forms solid union body;
The 6th step, by thermal induction phase detachment technique, organic solvent in the solid union body that the 5th step is formed is sublimed into gas, and solid-state organic solvent occupied position in described solid union body has formed microscopic void, and its pore wall is nanofibrous structures biodegradable polymer.
8. the preparation method of bone repair according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described metal 3D printing technique comprises electron-beam melting forming technique and laser fusion forming technique.
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