CN104086295B - Organic/inorganic liquid compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-60 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, and a mass concentration of 80% to 90% of citric acid waste 60-90 parts of liquid, 20-30 parts of inorganic phosphate fertilizer, 10-15 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer, 30-45 parts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, 5.5-8.25 parts of trace element fertilizer, 6-8 parts of guar gum, non-ionic polyacrylamide 3 to 5 parts, 5 to 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate. The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the citric acid waste liquid contains a large amount of organic residues to increase the organic matter content of the final product to form an organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer, which ensures the supply of various nutrients for drip irrigation of rice under the film and gradually improves the yield of the cultivated soil. The content of organic matter is high, and the soil is further improved while the rice is drip-irrigated under the mulch to obtain high-quality and high-yield. A certain amount of guar gum, non-ionic polyacrylamide and potassium polyacrylate is used to effectively improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer.

Description

A kind of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of liquid fertilizers.

Background technique

The use of nitrogen fertilizer in crop planting has played a great role in agricultural production. After a period of time, it was found that the soil was deficient in phosphorus, so a large amount of superphosphate and diammonium phosphate began to be used, and then potassium deficiency appeared in the soil, and the fertilizer was added. Potassium fertilizer has caused agricultural planting to rely too much on chemical fertilizers, ignoring the supplement of soil organic matter, causing many difficult problems in agricultural production, mainly due to high salinization of soil.

There is a common phenomenon of "three heavy and three light" fertilization by farmers, that is, heavy chemical fertilizers, light organic fertilizers, heavy nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, light potassium fertilizers, heavy macronutrient fertilizers, and light medium and trace elements. Chemical fertilizer pollution has become a major public hazard in the world today. After excessive application of chemical fertilizers, a large amount of sulfate ions, chloride ions, and phosphate ions remain in the soil, which combine with sodium ions in the soil to form salt, resulting in soil salinization and soil loss of activity. In order to pursue yield, farmers continue to increase The use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers increases the salt content of the soil, forming a vicious circle, which eventually leads to secondary salinization of the soil. If things go on like this, the final outcome will be unimaginable.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer and its preparation method, to overcome the problem that the drip irrigation fertilizer using sulfuric acid as raw material in the prior art is corrosive to the drip irrigation equipment, and the existing under-film drip irrigation cultivation used The ratio setting of each active ingredient of drip irrigation fertilizer is unreasonable, the transmission speed is slow, and the utilization rate is low.

The technical scheme of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer, characterized in that it consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-60 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, and the mass concentration is 80% to 90% citric acid waste liquid 60-90 parts, inorganic phosphate fertilizer 20-30 parts, inorganic potassium fertilizer 10-15 parts, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer 30-45 parts, trace element fertilizer 5.5-8.25 parts, guar gum 6-8 parts parts, 3 to 5 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide, and 5 to 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate. .

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: use the characteristic that citric acid waste liquid contains a large amount of organic residues to increase the organic matter content of the final product, form a kind of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer, ensure the supply of each nutrient component of drip irrigation rice under the film at the same time Gradually increase the organic matter content of the cultivated soil, and further improve the soil while drip irrigation rice under the mulch film to obtain high quality and high yield, and use a certain amount of guar gum, non-ionic polyacrylamide and potassium polyacrylate to effectively improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer.

On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

Further, 30-35 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, 70-80 parts of citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 80%, 25 parts of inorganic phosphate fertilizer, 12 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer, 40 parts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, and 6 parts of trace element fertilizer , 7 parts of guar gum, 4 parts of non-ionic polyacrylamide, and 4 parts of potassium polyacrylate.

Further, the inorganic phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; the inorganic potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate; and the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate.

Further, the citric acid waste liquid is waste liquid produced during the production of citric acid.

The present invention also provides a preparation method of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer, characterized in that, in step 1, potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, inorganic phosphate fertilizer, and inorganic potassium fertilizer are dissolved in water in a production tank and mixed to Obtain a mixed solution;

Add high-concentration citric acid waste liquid into the mixed solution, stir and mix well, the ratio meets 10-60 parts, the mass concentration is 80% citric acid waste liquid 60-90 parts, inorganic phosphate fertilizer 20-30 parts, inorganic potassium fertilizer 10-15 parts

Step 2, when the solid material in step 1 is completely dissolved, add the trace element fertilizer; the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer is potassium silicate: zinc sulfate: boric acid: other trace elements=3～4.5:0.75～1.125: 0.75～1.125:1～1.5, the other trace elements are one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and manganese sulfate;

Step 3, when the solid material in step 2 is completely dissolved, add 30 to 45 parts by weight of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer; the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate;

Step 4, when the solid material in step 3 is completely dissolved, add 6 to 8 parts of guar gum, 3 to 5 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide, and 5 to 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, and stir evenly;

When the above steps were carried out, the stirring device of the production tank was always at a stirring speed of 90 to 180 rpm.

detailed description

The following examples describe the principles and features of the present invention, and the examples are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

An organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium fulvic acid and/or humate 10, citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 80% to 90% 60, monoammonium phosphate 20, Potassium sulfate 10 parts, urea 30 parts, trace element fertilizer 5.5 parts, guar gum 6 parts, non-ionic polyacrylamide 3 parts, potassium polyacrylate 5 parts. The citric acid waste liquid is the waste liquid produced during the production of citric acid, which is concentrated to 80% to 90%.

The concrete preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows:

Step 1, dissolving and mixing potassium fulvic acid and/or humate with inorganic phosphate fertilizer and inorganic potassium fertilizer in water in a production tank to obtain a mixed solution;

Add high-concentration citric acid waste liquid into the mixed solution, stir and mix thoroughly, and the ratio meets 10 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, 60 parts of citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 80%, 20 parts of inorganic phosphate fertilizer, and 10 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer. share

Step 2, when the solid material in step 1 is completely dissolved, add the trace element fertilizer; the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer is potassium silicate: zinc sulfate: boric acid: other trace elements=3～4.5:0.75～1.125: 0.75～1.125:1～1.5, the other trace elements are one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and manganese sulfate;

Step 3, when the solid material in step 2 is completely dissolved, add 30 parts by weight of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer; the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate;

Step 4, when the solid material in step 3 is completely dissolved, add 6 parts of guar gum, 3 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide, and 5 parts of potassium polyacrylate, and stir evenly;

When the above steps were carried out, the stirring device of the production tank was always at a stirring speed of 90 to 180 rpm.

Example 2

An organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, 80 parts of citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 80%, 25 parts of diammonium phosphate, Potassium sulfate 12 parts, ammonium sulfate 40 parts, trace element fertilizer 6 parts, guar gum 7 parts, non-ionic polyacrylamide 4 parts, potassium polyacrylate 4 parts.

The concrete preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows:

Step 1, dissolving potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, inorganic phosphate fertilizer, and inorganic potassium fertilizer in water in a production tank and mixing them to obtain a mixed solution; adding high-concentration citric acid waste liquid into the mixed solution and fully stirring and mixing, the ratio 35 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, 80 parts of citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 90%, 25 parts of diammonium phosphate, and 12 parts of potassium sulfate;

Step 2, when the solid material in step 1 is completely dissolved, add the trace element fertilizer; the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer is potassium silicate: zinc sulfate: boric acid: other trace elements=3～4.5:0.75～1.125: 0.75～1.125:1～1.5, the other trace elements are one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and manganese sulfate;

Step 3, when the solid material in step 2 is completely dissolved, add 40 parts of ammonium sulfate; the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate;

Step 4, when the solid material in step 3 is completely dissolved, add 6 to 8 parts of guar gum, 3 to 5 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide, and 5 to 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, and stir evenly;

When the above steps were carried out, the stirring device of the production tank was always at the stirring speed of 90～180 rev/min.

Example 3

An organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, 90 parts of citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 80%, 30 parts of inorganic phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts of potassium fertilizer, 45 parts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, 8.25 parts of trace element fertilizer, 8 parts of guar gum, 5 parts of non-ionic polyacrylamide, and 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate.

The concrete preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer is as follows:

Step 1, dissolving and mixing potassium fulvic acid and/or humate with inorganic phosphate fertilizer and inorganic potassium fertilizer in water in a production tank to obtain a mixed solution;

Add high-concentration citric acid waste liquid into the mixed solution, stir and mix well, the ratio of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate is 60 parts, the mass concentration is 80% citric acid waste liquid 90 parts, inorganic phosphate fertilizer 30 parts, inorganic potassium fertilizer 15 parts share

Step 2, when the solid material in step 1 is completely dissolved, add the trace element fertilizer; the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer is potassium silicate: zinc sulfate: boric acid: other trace elements=3～4.5:0.75～1.125: 0.75～1.125:1～1.5, the other trace elements are one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and manganese sulfate;

Step 3, when the solid material in step 2 is completely dissolved, add 45 parts by weight of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer; the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate;

Step 4, when the solid material in step 3 is completely dissolved, add 8 parts of guar gum, 5 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide, and 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, and stir evenly;

When the above steps were carried out, the stirring device of the production tank was always at a stirring speed of 90 to 180 rpm.

Embodiment 5 Effect test of different nitrogen application rates

The amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer is formulated according to the test results in 2012-2013. The amount of fertilizer applied in each plot is consistent, and the amount is: 200kg/hm ² of monoammonium phosphate and 100kg/hm ² of potassium sulfate. There are five levels of _{nitrogen fertilizer} . ^The _{nitrogen fertilizer} is _urea . Each treatment was repeated 3 times. There are three membranes in each plot, and the area is 3.6×20m=72m ² .

The variety is T-43 dry-fed rice, drip irrigation cultivation mode: film width 1.6m, 1 film, 8 rows and 2 dropper belts, hole distance 10cm. Artificial on-demand sowing on the film, the depth is 2-3cm, dry sowing and wet out, 8-12 seeds per hole, 8-10 seedlings per hole. After sowing, water 30m ³ /667m ² for emergence. Then put the seedlings, seedling stage, and tillering stage to intertill once respectively, and pay attention to weeding in time. The irrigation volume is 750m ³ /667m ² , the irrigation volume is 20m ³ each time in the early stage, and 25m ³ each time in the later period, and the irrigation volume is recorded timely and accurately each time.

(1) Effects of different nitrogen application rates on rice tillering under drip irrigation

Table 1 Investigation results of rice stem tiller number with different nitrogen application rates (10,000 plants/hm ² )

*The data comes from the average value of the field experiment in 2012, and different letters indicate that the difference between treatments reaches the 0.05 significant level.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the results of the survey at the three-leaf stage (May 12) show that the basic seedling numbers of each treatment are basically similar, and the differences among the treatments are not significant. The survey results at tillering stage (May 23) and initial heading stage (June 22) showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate, tillering tended to increase, and there were significant differences among treatments. The survey results at the full heading stage (July 16) showed that the number of tillers in the fertilization treatments (N ₃₀₀ and N ₄₀₀ ) was basically similar, higher than the other treatments, and significantly different from the other treatments; the difference between the other three treatments Significantly, with the increase of nitrogen application rate, tillering tended to increase.

(2) Effects of different nitrogen application rates on the yield components of drip irrigation

Table 2 Effects of different nitrogen application rates on rice yield and its components under drip irrigation

*The data comes from the average value of field experiments in 2012, and different letters indicate that the difference between treatments reaches the 0.05 significant level

It can be seen from Table 2 that the application of nitrogen fertilizer within a certain range can significantly increase the yield, which is mainly reflected in the fact that nitrogen application can significantly increase the effective number of panicles, the number of grains per panicle, and the number of solid grains of drip irrigation rice. Among the treatments with different nitrogen application rates, with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the number of effective spikes, spikelets, and solid kernels all tended to increase; but when the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was too large, the data of N ₄₀₀ decreased ; Various data processed by N ₃₀₀ were significantly higher than other treatments.

Based on the above results, it can be seen that when the input of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is the same (monoammonium phosphate 210kg/hm ² , potassium sulfate 120kg/hm ² ), the optimal nitrogen fertilizer input is 310kg/hm ² , that is, when rice is cultivated under drip irrigation under mulch , the optimal ratio of NPK is 3.1:2.1:1.2.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (4)

1. a preparation method of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, step 1, potassium fulvate and/or humate and inorganic phosphate fertilizer, inorganic potassium fertilizer are dissolved in water and mixed in production tank to obtain mixed solution; Add high-concentration citric acid waste liquid into the mixed solution, stir and mix thoroughly, and the ratio meets 10-60 parts of potassium fulvic acid and/or humate, 60-90 parts of citric acid waste liquid with a mass concentration of 80%, and 20-90 parts of inorganic phosphate fertilizer. 30 parts, 10-15 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer; Step 2, when the solid material in step 1 is completely dissolved, add the trace element fertilizer; the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer is potassium silicate: zinc sulfate: boric acid: other trace elements=3～4.5:0.75～1.125: 0.75～1.125:1～1.5, the other trace elements are one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and manganese sulfate; Step 3, when the solid material in step 2 is completely dissolved, add 30 to 45 parts by weight of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer; the inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium sulfate; Step 4, when the solid material in step 3 is completely dissolved, add 6 to 8 parts of guar gum, 3 to 5 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide, and 5 to 8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, and stir evenly; When the above steps were carried out, the stirring device of the production tank was always at a stirring speed of 90 to 180 rpm. 2. the preparation method of a kind of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described potassium fulvic acid and/or humate 30～35 parts, mass concentration are 80% citric acid waste 70-80 parts of liquid, 25 parts of inorganic phosphate fertilizer, 12 parts of inorganic potassium fertilizer, 40 parts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, 6 parts of trace element fertilizer, 7 parts of guar gum, 4 parts of non-ionic polyacrylamide, and 4 parts of potassium polyacrylate. 3. the preparation method of a kind of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described inorganic phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; Described inorganic potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate; Described inorganic nitrogen fertilizer For urea or ammonium sulfate. 4. the preparation method of a kind of organic-inorganic liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described citric acid waste liquid is the waste liquid that produces when producing citric acid.