CN104079276B

CN104079276B - High-efficiency intelligent high-side electronic load switch with wide voltage adaptability

Info

Publication number: CN104079276B
Application number: CN201410302416.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何圣
Original assignee: LIUZHOU CHANGHONG MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Current assignee: LIUZHOU CHANGHONG MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-06-28
Filing date: 2014-06-28
Publication date: 2017-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2034-06-28
Also published as: CN104079276A

Abstract

A high-efficiency intelligent high-side electronic load switch with wide voltage adaptability comprises a power supply module, a core control module, a self-boosting module, a voltage detection module, a current detection module and a switching module. The core control module is used for signal acquisition, information processing and storage and logic control; firstly, the core control module receives an external switch control input signal and detection signals output by the current detection module and the voltage detection module and processes and analyzes monitoring data according to an internally stored program to control the switching module to complete corresponding actions; secondly, the core control module provides a PWM control signal for the self-boosting module. The voltage detection module and the current detection module are used for detecting the real-time operating voltage and current of the switching module and transmitting data to the core control module for processing and analysis. The self-boosting module is used for providing a driving voltage for a switching tube in the switching module. The switching module is used for executing the on-off actions of a load. The high-efficiency intelligent high-side electronic load switch is wide in operating voltage range, high in operating frequency, high in efficiency, low in loss, safe, reliable and programmable.

Description

A kind of high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of voltage adaptability

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electronic load switch, particularly relate to the high efficiency intelligence flash electricity of a kind of voltage adaptability Sub-load switch.

Background technology

Comparing mechanical switch, the electronic load switch using semiconductor technology to realize break-make has that volume is little, it is low to be lost, dynamic Make that speed is fast, break-make reliable, useful life length, the advantages such as PWM output can be realized, be that all kinds of DC electric apparatus drives, PWM controls not The module that can or lack, applies quite varied.

Although electronic load switch has a lot of advantage in application, but its critical piece switching tube is to drive condition requirement The highest, especially especially sensitive to running voltage, under different running voltages, the performance of switching tube can vary widely, and causes Hydraulic performance decline even cannot normally work or heating burnout；In order to tackle this problem, general electronic load switch product is to it Operating voltage range all can make considered critical, and the product of different operating voltage section does not allow general；Along with electronic and electrical equipment Development, functionally can only the most controlled open shutoff electronic load switch be difficult to meet high reliability product Demand, the electronic load switch with intelligent functions such as autonomous monitoring and payload security protections is the direction of future development.

Load switch by switch present position can be divided into flash and two kinds of low limit, flash refer to switch be positioned at positive source with Between load positive pole；Low limit refers to switch between load negative pole and power cathode, and from load break-make performance, flash is opened Closing and be better than lower edge switch in safety and ruggedness, because high side switches shutoff back loading side is not charged, various protections are opened The measure closing pipe is also easy to realize；But in terms of design angle, it is achieved high side switches the most relatively lower edge switch on the premise of same performance More difficult；Market lower edge switch typically uses N-channel MOS pipe as switching tube, simple in construction, switching speed and effect at present Rate is the highest；The typically many employing P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductors of high side switches are as switching tube, though structure is simple, but owing to using P ditch Road metal-oxide-semiconductor, its switching speed and efficiency are far short of what is expected compared with N-channel MOS pipe, generate heat bigger, it is difficult to be applicable to altofrequency or electric greatly Stream application scenario, if changing using N-channel MOS pipe into, the problem needing again to solve switching tube driving voltage higher than load voltage.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the problem existed for prior art, it is provided that a kind of employing N-channel MOS Pipe as switching tube, have voltage adaptability high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch, it is therefore intended that widen Electronic Negative The voltage adaptation scope of load switch, improves the versatility of switch product, safety, operating frequency and switch under various working environment Efficiency, is simultaneous for switching intelligentized demand, adds multiple monitoring defencive function, it is achieved to the intelligent monitoring of load behavior and Protection, to overcome the deficiency existing for above-mentioned prior art.

The present invention adopts the technical scheme that: the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability, Including supply module, kernel control module, Bootstrap module, voltage detection module, current detection module and switch module；

The input end interface of described kernel control module connects external switch respectively and controls input, voltage detection module and electricity Stream detection module, its outfan interface connects Bootstrap module and switch module respectively；Described voltage detection module and electric current The input of detection module is connected with supply module respectively, and its outfan connects the input end interface of kernel control module；Described The input of Bootstrap module is connected with the outfan interface of kernel control module, and the outfan of Bootstrap module connects to be left Close module；Described supply module input is connected with external power source, and outfan connects described kernel control module, respectively from lifting Die block, current detection module, voltage detection module and switch module；It is defeated that described supply module is used for accepting externally fed power supply Enter, and provide for described kernel control module, Bootstrap module, current detection module, voltage detection module and switch module Corresponding power supply and detection access point.

Described kernel control module is used for signals collecting, information processing, storage and logic control: one is to accept external switch Control input signal, current detection module and the detection signal of voltage detection module output, and press internally stored program process Analysis monitoring data, control switch module and complete corresponding actions, and two is to provide pwm control signal for Bootstrap module；Described Voltage detection module is for detecting the real time operation voltage of switch module, and detection data pass to kernel control module process Analyze；Described current detection module is for detecting the real time operation electric current of switch module, and detection data are passed to core control Molding block Treatment Analysis；Described Bootstrap module is for accepting the control of kernel control module, for the switch in switch module Driving voltage needed for pipe offer；Described switch module is for accepting the control of kernel control module, and the break-make performing load is moved Make.

Its further technical scheme is: described kernel control module includes digital microcontroller module, internal electric source pipe Reason module, PWM module, I/O controller module, non-volatile memory module, ADC and internal clocking module；

Described digital microcontroller module is the control centre of kernel control module, is used for performing various calculating or instruction； Described internal electric source management module be described digital microcontroller module, non-volatile memory module, I/O controller module, ADC, internal clocking module, PWM module provide management and control of suitably powering, and one for accepting digital microcontroller module Controlling, turn off or on the power supply of other modules beyond divisor word micro controller module, minimize systematic electricity consumption, two is to use In independently executing voltage detecting: when input voltage too low or unstable time send notification to digital microprocessor module so that it is in time Take measures to avoid the occurrence of control disorder；Internal electric source management module uses No. 1 port as input negative pole, uses No. 2 ports As input positive pole；Described PWM module is stablized for the setting according to digital microcontroller, generation certain frequency and dutycycle Pwm signal, and the work controlling Bootstrap module is driven by No. 6 output ports；Described I/O controller module is used for as core Heart control module provides and data exchange and the service of port driving, and is controlled the break-make of switch module by No. 5 output ports, Instruction by No. 7 input ports reception external switches control inputs: or it is micro-that digital command signal directly passes to numeral Controller module is analyzed, or analog command signal send ADC submit to digital microcontroller module again after processing conversion Analyze；Described non-volatile memory module is used for storing the configuration data of decision threshold variable, and at digital microcontroller mould Under the control of block internal data carry out writing, wipe, read operation；Described ADC is analog-to-digital conversion module, adopts for collection Sampling point voltage, sends digital microcontroller resume module to after gained digital information being changed, to monitor and to judge load switch Voltage and current situation the most normal；ADC uses No. 3 ports as current detecting input port, and No. 4 ports are as electricity Pressure detection input port；Described internal clocking module is used for as clock signal needed for digital microcontroller offer work.

Its further technical scheme is: described supply module includes stabilivolt DZ1, diode D1, linear voltage regulator N2, resistance R1 and electric capacity C1；Described linear voltage regulator N2 is for being adjusted exporting stable low-voltage direct to input voltage Electricity is for other low-voltage circuit modules；Described stabilivolt DZ1 is for absorbing the high-voltage pulse in DC source, it is to avoid linearly adjust Depressor N2 is breakdown, and described diode D1 is used for preventing electric current adverse current, preventing the linear tune of DC supply input change in polarity impact Depressor N2；Described resistance R1 and electric capacity C1 forms low-pass filter circuit, for filtering the high frequency on linear voltage regulator N2 input Ripple, to improve linear voltage regulator N2 output quality.

Described voltage detection module includes resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, integrated fortune Put N3A, integrated transporting discharging N3B and stabilivolt DZ2；Described resistance R2 and resistance R3 composition bleeder circuit is to produce DC supply input Voltage sample value, input to use forward follower connection integrated transporting discharging N3B；Described integrated transporting discharging N3B is used for isolating, surely Determine sampled signal；Described resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7 form difference amplifier with integrated transporting discharging N3A, for voltage sample Signal is adjusted processing and exporting being analyzed to kernel control module；Described stabilivolt DZ2 and resistance R4 is for for described Difference amplifier provides stable reference voltage.

Described current detection module includes resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12, resistance R13, electricity Resistance R14, resistance R15, resistance R16, resistance R17, resistance R18, integrated transporting discharging N3C and integrated transporting discharging N3D；Described resistance R8 is for adopting Sample resistance, flows to the total current of load for gathering DC source；Described resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11 and resistance R12 Composition dropping resistor network, puts with the difference being made up of integrated transporting discharging N3C and resistance R13, resistance R14, resistance R15, resistance R16 Current sampling signal is adjusted processing by big device jointly, then flows to kernel control module and be analyzed；Described integrated transporting discharging N3D and resistance R17, resistance R18 provide static work point voltage for difference amplifier, to reduce its magnification distortion.

Described Bootstrap module include resistance R19, resistance R20, resistance R21, resistance R22, electric capacity C3, diode D2, Audion V1, audion V2, audion V3, audion V4 and stabilivolt DZ3；Described R19 is current-limiting resistance, and its one end connects core No. 6 output ports of heart control module, i.e. PWM module output port, other end connecting triode V1 and the transmitting of audion V2 Pole；Described resistance R20 and resistance R21 composition bleeder circuit provides upset datum for pwm signal, improves upset efficiency；Institute Stating electric capacity C3 is bootstrap capacitor, and resistance R22 concatenates with electric capacity C3, for the current limliting of electric capacity C3 charging；Described diode D2 is used for Stop electric capacity C3 electric current adverse current, limiting capacitance C3 output voltage peak value, protect switch module；Described audion V3 and audion V4 Respectively by audion V1 and the driving of audion V2, it is achieved the isolation of high-low pressure and the break-make of low-voltage driving high pressure:

When PWM exports high level, audion V1 and audion V3 cut-off, audion V2 and audion V4 conducting, direct current Power supply is charged to bootstrap capacitor C3 by D2 and R22, and electric capacity C3 keeps both end voltage identical with DC source after having charged；

After PWM output becomes low level, audion V1 and audion V3 conducting, audion V2 audion V4 ends, Electric capacity C3 negative terminal voltage raised by force by DC source, makes electric capacity C3 positive pole obtain the electromotive force of 2 times of direct current power source voltage, is used for Drive the flash N-channel MOS pipe in switch module.

Described switch module includes resistance R23, resistance R24, resistance R25, resistance R26, resistance R27, resistance R28, two poles Pipe D3, diode D4, diode D5, audion V5, audion V6, audion V7, audion V8, audion V9, N-channel MOS Pipe V10 and adjustable resistor RP1；Described R23 is current-limiting resistance, and its one end connects No. 5 output ports of kernel control module, separately One end connecting triode V5 and the emitter stage of audion V6；Described resistance R24 and resistance R25 composition bleeder circuit is core control The switch controlling signal of module output provides upset datum, improves upset efficiency；Described audion V7 and audion V8 divides Tong Guo audion V5 and the driving of audion V6, it is achieved the isolation of high-low pressure and the break-make of low-voltage driving high pressure:

When switch controlling signal is low level, audion V6 and audion V8 cut-off, audion V5 and audion V7 leads Logical, the high voltage of Bootstrap module output is added to the grid level of N-channel MOS pipe V10 by current-limiting resistance R26 so that N-channel Metal-oxide-semiconductor V10 turns on, and starts as load supplying；When switch controlling signal is high level, audion V6 and audion V8 conducting, Audion V5 and audion V7 cut-off, N-channel MOS pipe V10 grid drags down voltage, N-channel MOS by diode D3 repid discharge Pipe V10 ends rapidly, cuts off the power supply to load；

Described audion V9, resistance R27 form negative-feedback circuit with adjustable resistor RP1, are used for regulating N-channel MOS pipe The size of V10 grid maximum input voltage, to protect N-channel MOS pipe V10 grid not punctured by too high voltages；Described diode D4, resistance R28 form RC pulse absorption circuit with electric capacity C4, open pass for absorbing the N-channel MOS pipe V10 caused by load During Duan source electrode and drain electrode between instantaneous high pressure pulse, protection N-channel MOS pipe V10 the most breakdown；Described diode D5 is used for In the case of load is for perception, being oad freewheels at N-channel MOS pipe V10 shutdown moment, N-channel MOS pipe V10 is the most breakdown in protection.

Owing to using technique scheme, compared with prior art, the high efficiency of a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention Intelligence flash electronic load switch has the advantages that

1., owing to employing perfect low voltage control high-tension circuit, improve high-pressure side and can allow threshold voltage so that this The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability of invention has broader operating voltage range and very High operating frequency；

2. the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention uses Bootstrap to drive The mode of dynamic flash N-channel MOS pipe realizes opening and turning off of switch, and is aided with multiple auxiliary circuit, it is achieved thereby that open The high efficiency of pass, altofrequency, low-loss；

3. the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention employs microcontroller Carry out Based Intelligent Control and monitoring, when the voltage that monitoring notes abnormalities, electric current, load supplying can be automatically shut down, it is to avoid unmanned Unsafe condition occurs in the case of monitoring, makes switch itself and load be obtained for safer protection, there is higher safety；

4. the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention is programmable, makes The function and the scope of application that obtain this load switch are greatly expanded:

Under heavy duty applicable cases, during for avoiding starting, cause sudden high currents impact electricity because of quick and complete conducting Source, use PWM gradual change dutycycle mode able to programme, control the output current effective value in start-up course, it is achieved output electric current by Little and big gentle transition, completes heavy duty soft start；

Controlled, after time delay, regularly break-make, trigger protection by the auto switching realizing complex condition able to programme Self-defined turn on trial again；With PWM mode, load consuming power can be adjusted, it is achieved controlled or automatic bearing power control System.

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with the embodiment high efficiency intelligence flash Electronic Negative to a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention The technical characteristic of load switch is further described.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load construction of switch block diagram of a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load on-off circuit figure of a kind of voltage adaptability of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is kernel control module structured flowchart；

Fig. 4 is Bootstrap module circuit diagram；

Fig. 5 is voltage detection module circuit diagram；

Fig. 6 is current detection module circuit diagram；

Fig. 7 is switch module circuit diagram；

Fig. 8 is supply module circuit diagram.

In figure: 00 supply module, 11 cores control mould, 110 digital microcontroller modules, 111 internal electric sources Management module, 112 PWM module, 113 I/O controller modules, 114 non-volatile memory module, 115 ADC moulds Block, 116 internal clocking modules, 12 Bootstrap modules, 13 voltage detection module, 14 current detection modules, 15 Switch module.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment

A kind of high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of voltage adaptability, described intelligence flash electronic load switch Including supply module 00, kernel control module 11, Bootstrap module 12, voltage detection module 13, current detection module 14 and Switch module 15；The input end interface of described kernel control module 11 connects external switch respectively and controls input, voltage detecting mould Block and current detection module, its outfan interface connects Bootstrap module and switch module respectively；Described voltage detection module 13 and the input of current detection module 14 be connected with supply module respectively, its outfan connects the input of kernel control module Interface；

The input of described Bootstrap module 12 is connected with the outfan interface of kernel control module, Bootstrap module Outfan connecting valve module；Described supply module 00 input is connected with external power source, and outfan connects described core respectively Heart control module, Bootstrap module, current detection module, voltage detection module and switch module；Described supply module is used for Accept the input of externally fed power supply, and be described kernel control module, Bootstrap module, current detection module, voltage detecting Module and switch module provide corresponding power supply and detection access point.

Described kernel control module 11 is for signals collecting, information processing, storage and logic control: one is to accept outside opening Close and control input signal, current detection module and the detection signal of voltage detection module output, and press at internally stored program Reason analysis monitoring data, control switch module and complete corresponding actions, and two is to provide pwm control signal for Bootstrap module；Institute State voltage detection module 13 for detecting the real time operation voltage of switch module, and detection data are passed to kernel control module Treatment Analysis；Described current detection module 14 is for detecting the real time operation electric current of switch module, and detection data is passed to Kernel control module Treatment Analysis；Described Bootstrap module 12 is for accepting the control of kernel control module, for switch module In switching tube provide needed for driving voltage；Described switch module 15, for accepting the control of kernel control module, performs negative The on-off action carried.

Described kernel control module 11 includes that digital microcontroller module 110, internal electric source manage module 111, PWM module 112, I/O controller module 113, non-volatile memory module 114, ADC 115 and internal clocking module 116；Described number Word micro controller module 110 is the control centre of kernel control module, is used for performing various calculating or instruction；Described internal electric source Management module 111 is the digital microcontroller module in kernel control module, non-volatile memory module, I/O controller mould Block, ADC, internal clocking module, PWM module provide management and control of suitably powering, and one is for accepting digital microcontroller mould The control of block, turns off or on the power supply of other modules beyond divisor word micro controller module, minimizes systematic electricity consumption, and two For independently executing voltage detecting: when input voltage too low or unstable time send notification to digital microprocessor module so that it is Take measures in time to avoid the occurrence of control disorder；Internal electric source management module uses No. 1 port as input negative pole, uses No. 2 Port is as input positive pole；Described PWM module 112 is for the setting according to digital microcontroller, generation certain frequency and duty The stable pwm signal of ratio, and the work controlling Bootstrap module is driven by No. 6 output ports；Described I/O controller module 113 for providing the service driven with data exchange and port for kernel control module, and controls switch by No. 5 output ports The break-make of module, by the instruction of No. 7 input ports reception external switches control inputs: or directly digital command signal is passed Pass digital microcontroller module 110 to analyze, or analog command signal send ADC 115 submit to after processing conversion again Digital microcontroller module 110 is analyzed；Described non-volatile memory module 114 is for storing the configuration number of decision threshold variable According to, and under the control of digital microcontroller module (110) internal data carry out writing, wipe, read operation；Described ADC mould Block 115 is analog-to-digital conversion module, is used for gathering sample amplitude when reproduced, sends digital microcontroller to after gained digital information being changed Module 110 processes, to monitor and to judge that the voltage and current situation of load switch is the most normal；ADC uses No. 3 ports As current detecting input port, No. 4 ports are as voltage detecting input port；Described internal clocking module 116 is numeral microcontroller Clock signal needed for device offer work.

Described supply module 00 includes stabilivolt DZ1, diode D1, linear voltage regulator N2, resistance R1 and electric capacity C1；Described Linear voltage regulator N2 is used for that input voltage is adjusted export stable low-voltage DC to be made for other low-voltage circuit modules With；Described stabilivolt DZ1 is for absorbing the high-voltage pulse in DC source, it is to avoid linear voltage regulator N2 is breakdown, described two poles Pipe D1 is used for preventing electric current adverse current, preventing DC supply input change in polarity from affecting linear voltage regulator N2；Described resistance R1 and electricity Hold C1 and form low-pass filter circuit, for filtering the high frequency ripple on linear voltage regulator N2 input, to improve linear voltage regulator N2 exports quality.

Described voltage detection module 13 includes resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, integrated Amplifier N3A, integrated transporting discharging N3B and stabilivolt DZ2；Described resistance R2 and resistance R3 composition bleeder circuit is defeated to produce DC source The voltage sample value entered, inputs to use the integrated transporting discharging N3B of forward follower connection；Described integrated transporting discharging N3B is used for isolating, Stablize sampled signal；Described resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7 form difference amplifier with integrated transporting discharging N3A, for adopting voltage Sample signal is adjusted processing and exporting being analyzed to kernel control module；Described stabilivolt DZ2 and resistance R4 is used for as institute State the reference voltage that difference amplifier provides stable.

Described current detection module 14 include resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12, resistance R13, Resistance R14, resistance R15, resistance R16, resistance R17, resistance R18, integrated transporting discharging N3C and integrated transporting discharging N3D；Described resistance R8 is Sampling resistor, flows to the total current of load for gathering DC source；Described resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11 and resistance R12 forms dropping resistor network, with the difference being made up of integrated transporting discharging N3C and resistance R13, resistance R14, resistance R15, resistance R16 Current sampling signal is adjusted processing by point amplifier jointly, then flows to kernel control module and be analyzed；Described integrated Amplifier N3D and resistance R17, resistance R18 provide static work point voltage for difference amplifier, to reduce its magnification distortion.

Described Bootstrap module 12 includes resistance R19, resistance R20, resistance R21, resistance R22, electric capacity C3, diode D2, audion V1, audion V2, audion V3, audion V4 and stabilivolt DZ3；Described R19 is current-limiting resistance, and its one end is even Connect No. 6 output ports of kernel control module, i.e. PWM module output port, other end connecting triode V1's and audion V2 Emitter stage；Described resistance R20 and resistance R21 composition bleeder circuit provides upset datum for pwm signal, improves upset effect Rate；Described electric capacity C3 is bootstrap capacitor, and resistance R22 concatenates with electric capacity C3, for the current limliting of electric capacity C3 charging；Described diode D2 For stoping electric capacity C3 electric current adverse current, limiting capacitance C3 output voltage peak value, protect switch module；Described audion V3 and three poles Pipe V4 is respectively by audion V1 and the driving of audion V2, it is achieved the isolation of high-low pressure and the break-make of low-voltage driving high pressure:

When PWM exports high level, audion V1 and audion V3 cut-off, audion V2 and audion V4 conducting, direct current Power supply is charged to bootstrap capacitor C3 by D2 and R22, and electric capacity C3 keeps both end voltage identical with DC source after having charged；When After PWM output becomes low level, audion V1 and audion V3 conducting, audion V2 audion V4 ends, unidirectional current source strength Row raises electric capacity C3 negative terminal voltage, makes electric capacity C3 positive pole obtain the electromotive force of 2 times of direct current power source voltage；For driving switching molding Flash N-channel MOS pipe in block.

Described switch module 15 include resistance R23, resistance R24, resistance R25, resistance R26, resistance R27, resistance R28, two Pole pipe D3, diode D4, diode D5, audion V5, audion V6, audion V7, audion V8, audion V9, N-channel Metal-oxide-semiconductor V10 and adjustable resistor RP1；Described R23 is current-limiting resistance, and its one end connects No. 5 outfans of kernel control module Mouthful, other end connecting triode V5 and the emitter stage of audion V6；Described resistance R24 and resistance R25 composition bleeder circuit is core The switch controlling signal of heart control module output provides upset datum, improves upset efficiency；Described audion V7 and three poles Pipe V8 is respectively by audion V5 and the driving of audion V6, it is achieved the isolation of high-low pressure and the break-make of low-voltage driving high pressure:

When switch controlling signal is low level, audion V6 and audion V8 cut-off, audion V5 and audion V7 leads Logical, the high voltage of Bootstrap module output is added to the grid level of N-channel MOS pipe V10 by current-limiting resistance R26 so that N-channel Metal-oxide-semiconductor V10 turns on, and starts as load supplying；When switch controlling signal is high level, audion V6 and audion V8 conducting, Audion V5 and audion V7 cut-off, N-channel MOS pipe V10 grid drags down voltage, N-channel MOS by diode D3 repid discharge Pipe V10 ends rapidly, cuts off the power supply to load.

In above-described embodiment:

1. kernel control module described in is adopted as single integrated chip, such as MC9S08QD2CSC chip, as conversion, at certain A little module assemblages that in particular cases may be used without there is corresponding function；

2. clock signal producing method described in above-described embodiment is RC circuit mode, and RC circuit clock frequency and precision are all Relatively low, temperature influence is relatively big, and if desired for higher frequency, kernel control module can close internal clocking module, uses external External clock module high frequency clock signal is provided.

Working procedure and principle

This switch is set to accepts external level signal and controls mode of operation, opened stream, short-circuit protection and self-recoverage Function；

Connecting DC source, supply module is started working, and kernel control module has powered on, and self-inspection startup wait is outside opens Closing instruction, its PWM module does not works, and maintained switch module is off state；

Kernel control module receives external switch instruction and connects load, and kernel control module opens PWM after confirming instruction Module, making Bootstrap module start working as switch module provides the voltage driven needed for N-channel MOS pipe, of short duration time delay After guaranteeing that the output of Bootstrap module is stable, control switch module open-minded, start as load supplying；

After switch module is opened, kernel control module durations receives voltage detection module, current detection module passes The detection signal come, the setting threshold values prestored with self contrasts, confirmation present load working condition:

If testing result voltage x current is within normal range, it is maintained for switch module the most open-minded；

As detected, voltage is normal, and electric current surpasses threshold values, can determine that as load current excessive, activates overcurrent protection program, control Switch module switching off load processed exports, and after postponing one section of Preset Time, again controls switch module and opens load supplying, detection electricity Whether current voltage situation recovers normal, and as recovered normal, switch module is sustainable open-minded, and as do not recovered normal, switch module closes Disconnected, again attempt to open-minded, and so forth after postponing one section of Preset Time；

As detected, voltage is less than threshold voltage, and electric current is higher than current threshold simultaneously, can determine that as there is load short circuits, swashs Short-circuit protection program alive, controls the output of switch module switching off load, after postponing one section of Preset Time, again controls switch module and opens Logical load supplying, detects whether voltage x current situation recovers normal, and as recovered normal, switch module is sustainable open-minded；As the most extensive Multiple normal, switch module turns off, and again attempts to open-minded after postponing one section of Preset Time；After attempting such as continuous 3 times, voltage x current is still Do not recover normal, can determine that this short trouble cannot eliminate voluntarily, PWM module and quitting work from boost module, switching molding Block switching off load, kernel control module the most no longer does and recovers the trial opened, until re-power after the power-off of this intelligent switch into Only.

Claims

1. the high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a voltage adaptability, it is characterised in that: described intelligence flash electricity Sub-load switch includes supply module (00), kernel control module (11), Bootstrap module (12), voltage detection module (13), current detection module (14) and switch module (15)；

The input end interface of described kernel control module (11) connects external switch respectively and controls input, voltage detection module and electricity Stream detection module, its outfan interface connects Bootstrap module and switch module respectively；

The input of described voltage detection module (13) and current detection module (14) is connected with supply module respectively, its outfan Connect the input end interface of kernel control module；

The described input of Bootstrap module (12) is connected with the outfan interface of kernel control module, Bootstrap module Outfan connecting valve module；

Described supply module (00) input is connected with external power source, and outfan connects described kernel control module, bootstrapping respectively Boost module, current detection module, voltage detection module and switch module；Described supply module is used for accepting externally fed power supply Input, and carry for described kernel control module, Bootstrap module, current detection module, voltage detection module and switch module For corresponding power supply and detection access point；

Described kernel control module (11) is used for signals collecting, information processing, storage and logic control: one is to accept external switch Control input signal, current detection module and the detection signal of voltage detection module output, and press internally stored program process Analysis monitoring data, control switch module and complete corresponding actions, and two is to provide pwm control signal for Bootstrap module；

Described voltage detection module (13) is for detecting the real time operation voltage of switch module, and detection data are passed to core Control module Treatment Analysis；

Described current detection module (14) is for detecting the real time operation electric current of switch module, and detection data are passed to core Control module Treatment Analysis；

Described Bootstrap module (12), for accepting the control of kernel control module, provides institute for the switching tube in switch module The driving voltage needed；

Described switch module (15), for accepting the control of kernel control module, performs the on-off action of load.

The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability the most according to claim 1, its feature It is: described kernel control module (11) includes digital microcontroller module (110), internal electric source management module (111), PWM Module (112), I/O controller module (113), non-volatile memory module (114), ADC (115) and internal clocking mould Block (116)；

Described digital microcontroller module (110) is the control centre of kernel control module, is used for performing various calculating or instruction；

Described internal electric source management module (111) is digital microcontroller module, non-volatile memory module, I/O controller Module, ADC, internal clocking module, PWM module provide management and control of suitably powering, and one is for accepting digital microcontroller The control of module, turns off or on the power supply of other modules beyond divisor word micro controller module, minimizes systematic electricity consumption, Two is for independently executing voltage detecting: when input voltage too low or unstable time send notification to digital microprocessor module, make It takes measures to avoid the occurrence of control disorder in time；Internal electric source management module uses No. 1 port as input negative pole, uses 2 Number port is as input positive pole；

Described PWM module (112) is for the setting according to digital microcontroller, generation certain frequency and the stable PWM of dutycycle Signal, and the work controlling Bootstrap module is driven by No. 6 output ports；

Described I/O controller module (113) is used for providing, for kernel control module, the service driven with data exchange and port, and The break-make of switch module is controlled, by the instruction of No. 7 input ports reception external switches control inputs by No. 5 output ports: Or directly digital command signal is passed to digital microcontroller module (110) analysis, or send ADC by analog command signal Module (115) is submitted to digital microcontroller module (110) again and is analyzed after processing conversion；

Described non-volatile memory module (114) is used for storing the configuration data of decision threshold variable, and in numeral microcontroller Under the control of device module (110) internal data carry out writing, wipe, read operation；

Described ADC (115) is analog-to-digital conversion module, is used for gathering sample amplitude when reproduced, passes after gained digital information being changed Give digital microcontroller module (110) to process, to monitor and to judge that the voltage and current situation of load switch is the most normal； ADC uses No. 3 ports as current detecting input port, and No. 4 ports are as voltage detecting input port；

Described internal clocking module (116) is used for as clock signal needed for digital microcontroller offer work.

The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is special Levy and be: described supply module (00) includes stabilivolt DZ1, diode D1, linear voltage regulator N2, resistance R1 and electric capacity C1；

Described linear voltage regulator N2 is used for being adjusted input voltage exporting stable low-voltage DC for other low tensions Road module uses；

Described stabilivolt DZ1 is for absorbing the high-voltage pulse in DC source, it is to avoid linear voltage regulator N2 is breakdown, described two poles Pipe D1 is used for preventing electric current adverse current, preventing DC supply input change in polarity from affecting linear voltage regulator N2；

Described resistance R1 and electric capacity C1 forms low-pass filter circuit, for filtering the high frequency stricture of vagina on linear voltage regulator N2 input Ripple, to improve linear voltage regulator N2 output quality.

The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability the most according to claim 3, its feature It is: described voltage detection module (13) includes resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, integrated fortune Put N3A, integrated transporting discharging N3B and stabilivolt DZ2；

Described resistance R2 and resistance R3 composition bleeder circuit, to produce the voltage sample value of DC supply input, inputs to just use To the integrated transporting discharging N3B of follower connection；

Described integrated transporting discharging N3B is used for isolating, stablizing sampled signal；

Described resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7 form difference amplifier with integrated transporting discharging N3A, for entering voltage sampling signal Row sum-equal matrix processes and exports and is analyzed to kernel control module；

Described stabilivolt DZ2 and resistance R4 is for the reference voltage stable for the offer of described difference amplifier.

The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability the most according to claim 4, its feature It is: described current detection module (14) includes resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12, resistance R13, electricity Resistance R14, resistance R15, resistance R16, resistance R17, resistance R18, integrated transporting discharging N3C and integrated transporting discharging N3D；

Described resistance R8 is sampling resistor, flows to the total current of load for gathering DC source；

Described resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11 and resistance R12 form dropping resistor network, and by integrated transporting discharging N3C and resistance Current sampling signal is adjusted processing by the difference amplifier of R13, resistance R14, resistance R15, resistance R16 composition jointly, then Flow to kernel control module be analyzed；

Described integrated transporting discharging N3D and resistance R17, resistance R18 are that difference amplifier provides static work point voltage, put reducing it Big distortion.

The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability the most according to claim 5, its feature Be: described Bootstrap module (12) include resistance R19, resistance R20, resistance R21, resistance R22, electric capacity C3, diode D2, Audion V1, audion V2, audion V3, audion V4 and stabilivolt DZ3；

Described R19 is current-limiting resistance, and its one end connects No. 6 output ports of kernel control module, i.e. PWM module output port, Other end connecting triode V1 and the emitter stage of audion V2；

Described resistance R20 and resistance R21 composition bleeder circuit provides upset datum for pwm signal, improves upset efficiency；

Described electric capacity C3 is bootstrap capacitor, and resistance R22 concatenates with electric capacity C3, for the current limliting of electric capacity C3 charging；

Described diode D2 is used for stoping electric capacity C3 electric current adverse current, limiting capacitance C3 output voltage peak value, protects switch module；

Described audion V3 and audion V4 is respectively by audion V1 and the driving of audion V2, it is achieved the isolation of high-low pressure and The break-make of low-voltage driving high pressure:

When PWM exports high level, audion V1 and audion V3 cut-off, audion V2 and audion V4 conducting, DC source Being charged to bootstrap capacitor C3 by D2 and R22, electric capacity C3 keeps both end voltage identical with DC source after having charged；

After PWM output becomes low level, audion V1 and audion V3 conducting, audion V2 audion V4 ends, direct current Power supply raises electric capacity C3 negative terminal voltage by force, makes electric capacity C3 positive pole obtain the electromotive force of 2 times of direct current power source voltage；For driving Flash N-channel MOS pipe in switch module.

The high efficiency intelligence flash electronic load switch of a kind of voltage adaptability the most according to claim 6, its feature It is: described switch module (15) includes resistance R23, resistance R24, resistance R25, resistance R26, resistance R27, resistance R28, two poles Pipe D3, diode D4, diode D5, audion V5, audion V6, audion V7, audion V8, audion V9, N-channel MOS Pipe V10 and adjustable resistor RP1；

Described R23 is current-limiting resistance, and its one end connects No. 5 output ports of kernel control module, other end connecting triode V5 Emitter stage with audion V6；

The switch controlling signal that described resistance R24 and resistance R25 composition bleeder circuit exports for kernel control module provides upset Datum, improves upset efficiency；

Described audion V7 and audion V8 is respectively by audion V5 and the driving of audion V6, it is achieved the isolation of high-low pressure, And the break-make of low-voltage driving high pressure: when switch controlling signal is low level, audion V6 and audion V8 cut-off, audion V5 and audion V7 conducting, the high voltage of Bootstrap module output is added to the grid of N-channel MOS pipe V10 by current-limiting resistance R26 Level so that N-channel MOS pipe V10 turns on, and starts as load supplying；When switch controlling signal is high level, audion V6 and three Pole pipe V8 turns on, and audion V5 and audion V7 cut-off, N-channel MOS pipe V10 grid drags down electricity by diode D3 repid discharge Pressure, N-channel MOS pipe V10 ends rapidly, cuts off the power supply to load；

Described audion V9, resistance R27 form negative-feedback circuit with adjustable resistor RP1, are used for regulating N-channel MOS pipe V10 grid The size of pole maximum input voltage, to protect N-channel MOS pipe V10 grid not punctured by too high voltages；

Described diode D4, resistance R28 form RC pulse absorption circuit with electric capacity C4, for absorbing the N-channel caused by load Metal-oxide-semiconductor V10 opens the instantaneous high pressure pulse in turn off process between source electrode and drain electrode, and N-channel MOS pipe V10 is the most breakdown in protection；

Described diode D5, in the case of load is for perception, is oad freewheels at N-channel MOS pipe V10 shutdown moment, protects N Channel MOS tube V10 is the most breakdown.