CN104079206A - Cantilever type non-linear three-stable-state device and application thereof - Google Patents
Cantilever type non-linear three-stable-state device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104079206A CN104079206A CN201410279841.0A CN201410279841A CN104079206A CN 104079206 A CN104079206 A CN 104079206A CN 201410279841 A CN201410279841 A CN 201410279841A CN 104079206 A CN104079206 A CN 104079206A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cantilever type non-linear three-stable-state device and application thereof. The device comprises a cantilever, the upper end of the cantilever is connected with an upper beam, one or more internal magnets are fixed to the lower end of the cantilever, a lower beam is arranged under the cantilever, two or more external magnets are connected to the lower beam, the internal magnets and the external magnets are permanent magnets or electromagnets, and the relative position of the upper beam and the lower beam can be adjusted. Compared with a linear system, a three-stable-state system has a wider vibration frequency band, and therefore a three-stable-state vibration energy capturing system can solve the problem that a resonance frequency band of an existing linear cantilever type vibration energy capturing system is extremely narrow, the mechanism is simple and practical, the dynamic characteristics of the three-stable-state system can be better studied, and the academic value and the application potential of the system can be explored.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nonlinear kinetics, damping isolation, vibrational energy and capture technical field; Be specifically related to the non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type and application thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with scientific and technological development, nonlinear problem appears in many subjects and engineering-environment.Nonlinear kinetics is related to many subjects, as mechanics, mathematics, physics, chemistry, engineering science, some social science etc. even.Three main aspects of nonlinear kinetics: bifurcated, chaos and soliton.In fact, this is not three isolated aspects.At research nonlinear dynamic phenomenon and theoretical side, this a kind of classical system of bistable system is widely applied to theoretical research and engineering application, for example bistable circuit, bistable switch, bistable generator, bistable state semiconductor laser diode etc.But nonlinear dynamic characteristic is more complicated and have the three-stable state system of this wide application prospect to be studied and pay close attention to want much less, one of reason to be three-stable state systematic comparison complexity, the design difficulty relatively of getting up.Three-stable state system refers to the system with three steady state equilibrium points and two unstable state balance points.This system not only has also concrete application potential widely of learning value.First, vibration isolation technique is a key technology in engineering, and its principle is to utilize resiliency supported to make a system reduce the ability that extrinsic motivated is played to response.Change the rigid attachment of vibration source and ground into resilient connection, can completely cut off or the transmission of damping vibration energy, thereby realize the object of vibration and noise reducing.For making product reduce the infringement of vibration in transportation, also need to take vibration isolation measure, three-stable state system has abundant dynamic characteristic, if unique dynamics concrete non-linear beam type three-stable state device can be used for dissipating partial vibration energy, will improve to a certain extent current damping vibration attenuation, vibration isolation technique etc.
Secondly, three-stable state system also has considerably application potential in the vibrational energy field of capturing.Vibrational energy is ubiquitous, and bridge, vehicle, rotor apparatus, road surface, the motion of human body and the activity of organ etc. in daily life all exist a large amount of vibrational energies, these vibrational energies relatively stable and extensively exist.If the vibrational energy in surrounding environment effectively can be captured as electric energy, just can be used for substituting battery or battery is charged.So, just can solve portable electric appts and wireless senser powerup issue, particularly be embedded into the transducer of the uncertain target tracking sensor of status monitoring transducer and the place special purpose of building, bridge, change all very high or even work that can not complete of cost of battery.Capture field at vibrational energy, beam type energy capture system has that energy density is high, device is simple, be easy to the advantages such as realization, is widely studied and uses.But, traditional linear cantilever beam system resonance bands is narrow, poor with ambient environment vibrations frequency match, the energy of capturing is seriously limited to surrounding environment, the efficiency of power harvesting is lower, the available electric energy obtaining is but very limited, is all difficult under many circumstances abundant practical requirement, and this also becomes piezoelectric energy and is trapped in the bottleneck in application.How changing the dynamics of system, effectively widening its resonance frequency band is focus and the difficult point of studying always.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type and application thereof, mechanism is simple, practical, to study better the dynamics of three-stable state system and explore learning value and the application potential of this system.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type, comprise cantilever beam 2, cantilever beam 2 upper ends are connected with upper beam 1, one and above inner magnet 3 are fixed on the lower end of cantilever beam 2, under cantilever beam 2, be provided with underbeam 4, two and above external magnet 5 are connected on underbeam 4, and inner magnet 3, external magnet 5 are permanent magnet or electromagnet, and the relative position between upper beam 1 and underbeam 4 can be adjusted.
The shape of described cantilever beam 2 is arbitrary shapes, comprises that rectangular beam, triangular beam, ladder beam, variable cross-section amass and the beam of thickness.
The non-linear restoring force method of measurement of the non-linear three-stable state device of described beam type, comprise the following steps: force measuring instrument device is connected on cantilever beam 2, measure cantilever beam 2 suffered non-linear restoring force in the time of diverse location, and adopting corresponding expression formula to carry out matching, expression formula comprises polynomial equation, fraction and exponential equation.
The energy capture method of the non-linear three-stable state device of described beam type, comprises the following steps:
The first step, near cantilever beam 2 roots, paste piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric membrane 6, form piezoelectric cantilever, connect two inner magnet 3 in piezoelectric cantilever 2 beam end, inner magnet 3 is permanent magnet, on underbeam 4, connect two external magnets 5, external magnet 5 is permanent magnet, adopts beam part 7 to be connected upper beam 1 and underbeam 4;
Second step, the relative position of adjusting piezoelectric cantilever and external magnet 5, comprises x, y, the distance of tri-directions of z and the angle of three directions, make piezoelectric cantilever in three-stable state state, obtains three-stable state vibrational energy and capture assembling system;
The 3rd step, applies basic excitation in x direction, and three-stable state vibrational energy is captured assembling system and started working.
Advantage of the present invention: three-stable state system of the present invention is compared linear system, there is wider vibration frequency band, therefore, three-stable state vibrational energy capture system can solve the problems such as current linear beam type vibrational energy capture system resonance bands is narrow, mechanism is simple, practical, to study better the dynamics of three-stable state system and explore learning value and the application potential of this system.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that three-stable state vibrational energy is captured assembling system.
Fig. 3 is that three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the displacement data of cantilever beam in assembling system based under swept frequency excitation signal, taking edge steady state equilibrium point E as initial position.
Fig. 4 is that three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the displacement data of cantilever beam in assembling system based under swept frequency excitation signal, taking middle steady state equilibrium point C as initial position (little acceleration).
Fig. 5 is that three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the displacement data of cantilever beam in assembling system based under swept frequency excitation signal, taking middle steady state equilibrium point C as initial position (high acceleration).
Fig. 6 is based under swept frequency excitation signal, and three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the open circuit voltage that assembling system produces, taking edge steady state equilibrium point E as initial position.
Fig. 7 is based under swept frequency excitation signal, and three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the open circuit voltage that assembling system produces, taking middle steady state equilibrium point C as initial position (little acceleration).
Fig. 8 is based under swept frequency excitation signal, and three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the open circuit voltage that assembling system produces, taking middle steady state equilibrium point C as initial position (high acceleration).
Fig. 9 is measurement data and the matched curve of the three-stable state vibrational energy non-linear restoring force of capturing assembling system.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
With reference to Fig. 1, the non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type, comprise cantilever beam 2, cantilever beam 2 upper ends are connected with upper beam 1, one and above inner magnet 3 are fixed on the lower end of cantilever beam 2, are provided with 4, two of underbeams and above external magnet 5 is connected on underbeam 4 under cantilever beam 2, inner magnet 3, external magnet 5 are permanent magnet or electromagnet, and the relative position between upper beam 1 and underbeam 4 can be adjusted.
The shape of described cantilever beam 2 is arbitrary shapes, comprises that rectangular beam, triangular beam, ladder beam, variable cross-section amass and the beam of thickness, can explore like this shape of cantilever beam 2 to the impact of its dynamics.
The operation principle of this device is: the non-linear magnetic force that the inner magnet 3 on cantilever beam 2 and external magnet 5 produce can regulate the dynamics of cantilever beam 2, by changing the relative position of cantilever beam 2 and external magnet 5, comprise x, y, the distance of tri-directions of z and the angle of three directions, make cantilever beam 2 present three-stable state characteristic, cantilever beam 2 has three stable equilibrium points and two astable balance points.
The non-linear restoring force method of measurement of the non-linear three-stable state device of described beam type, comprise the following steps: force measuring instrument device is connected on cantilever beam 2, measure cantilever beam 2 suffered non-linear restoring force in the time of diverse location, and adopting corresponding expression formula to carry out matching, expression formula comprises polynomial equation, fraction and exponential equation.
The energy capture method of the non-linear three-stable state device of described beam type, comprises the following steps:
With reference to Fig. 2, the first step, near cantilever beam 2 roots, paste piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric membrane 6, form piezoelectric cantilever, connect two inner magnet 3 in piezoelectric cantilever 2 beam end, inner magnet 3 is two opposite polarity permanent magnets, connects two external magnets 5 on underbeam 4, external magnet 5, for being two opposite polarity permanent magnets, will adopt beam part 7 to connect to form U-shaped device in the middle of upper beam 1 and underbeam 4; Between external magnet 5 and piezoelectric cantilever beam-ends, there is three adjustable parameter a, d shown in Fig. 2 and h, by regulating these parameters, make piezoelectric cantilever there are three stable equilibrium points (A, C, E 3 points) and two astable balance points (B, D 2 points), present three-stable state characteristic;
Second step, the relative position of adjusting piezoelectric cantilever and external magnet 5, comprises x, y, the distance of tri-directions of z and the angle of three directions, make piezoelectric cantilever in three-stable state state, obtains three-stable state vibrational energy and capture assembling system;
The 3rd step, applies basic excitation in x direction, and three-stable state vibrational energy is captured assembling system and started working.With reference to Fig. 3-Fig. 9, Fig. 3-5 are that three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the displacement data of cantilever beam in assembling system based under swept frequency excitation signal, and under this excitation of Fig. 6-8, corresponding three-stable state vibrational energy is captured the voltage that assembling system produces.The results show of Fig. 3-Fig. 8, three-stable state vibrational energy in the present invention is captured assembling system and is had good nonlinear dynamic characteristic, its effective band width, up to 17Hz left and right (initial frequency 15Hz, termination frequency 32Hz), is wider than effective frequency range of the 2Hz left and right of traditional linear oscillator energy capture system far away.This shows that this system can be better and ambient environment vibrations frequency match, is well suited for capturing the vibrational energy in surrounding environment.Fig. 9 is measurement data and the matched curve of the three-stable state vibrational energy non-linear restoring force of capturing assembling system, and the non-linear restoring force data in Fig. 9 are directly to be measured in cantilever beam end by power transducer, and matched curve is an equation of higher degree, and expression formula is as follows:
f
r＝4.9902×10
15·x
9-1.0674×10
13·x
7+8.1274×10
9·x
5-2.4919×10
6·x
3+243·x (1)
Claims (4)
1. the non-linear three-stable state device of beam type, comprise cantilever beam (2), it is characterized in that: cantilever beam (2) upper end is connected with upper beam (1), one and above inner magnet (3) are fixed on the lower end of cantilever beam (2), under cantilever beam (2), be provided with underbeam (4), two and above external magnet (5) are connected on underbeam (4), inner magnet (3), external magnet (5) are permanent magnet or electromagnet, and the relative position between upper beam (1) and underbeam (4) can be adjusted.
2. the non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the type shape of described cantilever beam (2) is any type shape, comprises that rectangular beam, triangular beam, ladder beam, variable cross-section amass and the beam of thickness.
3. the non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the non-linear restoring force method of measurement of the non-linear three-stable state device of described beam type, comprise the following steps: force measuring instrument device is connected on cantilever beam (2), measure cantilever beam (2) suffered non-linear restoring force in the time of diverse location, and adopting corresponding expression formula to carry out matching, expression formula comprises polynomial equation, fraction and exponential equation.
4. the non-linear three-stable state device of a kind of beam type according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the energy capture method of the non-linear three-stable state device of described beam type, comprises the following steps:
The first step, near cantilever beam (2) root, paste piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric membrane (6), form piezoelectric cantilever, connect two inner magnet (3) in piezoelectric cantilever (2) beam end, inner magnet (3) is permanent magnet, at upper two external magnets (5) that connect of underbeam (4), external magnet (5) is permanent magnet, adopts beam part (7) to be connected upper beam (1) and underbeam (4);
Second step, the relative position of adjusting piezoelectric cantilever and external magnet (5), comprises x, y, the distance of tri-directions of z and the angle of three directions, make piezoelectric cantilever in three-stable state state, obtains three-stable state vibrational energy and capture assembling system;
The 3rd step, applies basic excitation in x direction, and three-stable state vibrational energy is captured assembling system and started working.
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Cited By (15)
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| CN106877739A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | The multidirectional pull-type bistable state vibrational energy catcher of magnetic |
| CN108023502A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of beam type negative stiffness device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
| CN108418471A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-17 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Nano generator frequency multiplication export structure and energy supply device |
| CN109655097A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-19 | 西北工业大学 | Multistable energy capture experimental rig in a kind of rotating environment |
| CN109687763A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏大学 | A kind of piezoelectricity and Electromagnetic heating formula power supply unit towards wireless sensor |
| CN109742973A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of parallel compound pendulum type piezoelectric harvester of cambered surface increasing coupling |
| CN109831118A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 天津大学 | A kind of non-linear piezoelectric vibration energy collector of beam type |
| CN109995270A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-09 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of more beam piezoelectric energy trapping devices of magnetic coupling and its bistable state implementation method |
| CN110048642A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of non-linear piezoelectric vibration energy collector of any direction |
| CN110071659A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-30 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of T-type piezoelectric generating device and three-stable state implementation method |
| CN110138273A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of non-linear piezoelectric energy trapping device of L beam type magnetic force and method |
| CN110131118A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-16 | 中北大学 | A kind of multistable vortex-induced vibration energy collecting device |
| CN110311588A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-08 | 西北工业大学 | Multistable stream enable amount capture system |
| CN111404419A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-07-10 | 天津大学 | Double-magnet multistable piezoelectric cantilever beam energy collector |
| CN111478622A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-31 | 广西大学 | Wheel set type space bending cantilever beam piezoelectric device |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106877739A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | The multidirectional pull-type bistable state vibrational energy catcher of magnetic |
| CN108023502A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of beam type negative stiffness device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
| CN108418471A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-17 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Nano generator frequency multiplication export structure and energy supply device |
| CN109655097A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-19 | 西北工业大学 | Multistable energy capture experimental rig in a kind of rotating environment |
| CN109687763A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏大学 | A kind of piezoelectricity and Electromagnetic heating formula power supply unit towards wireless sensor |
| CN109742973A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of parallel compound pendulum type piezoelectric harvester of cambered surface increasing coupling |
| CN109831118B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2023-09-01 | 天津大学 | Cantilever beam type nonlinear piezoelectric vibration energy collector |
| CN109831118A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-31 | 天津大学 | A kind of non-linear piezoelectric vibration energy collector of beam type |
| CN109995270A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-09 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of more beam piezoelectric energy trapping devices of magnetic coupling and its bistable state implementation method |
| CN110071659A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-30 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of T-type piezoelectric generating device and three-stable state implementation method |
| CN110138273A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of non-linear piezoelectric energy trapping device of L beam type magnetic force and method |
| CN110048642A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of non-linear piezoelectric vibration energy collector of any direction |
| CN110048642B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-03 | 重庆大学 | Random-direction nonlinear piezoelectric vibration energy collector |
| CN110311588A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-08 | 西北工业大学 | Multistable stream enable amount capture system |
| CN110131118A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-16 | 中北大学 | A kind of multistable vortex-induced vibration energy collecting device |
| CN111404419A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-07-10 | 天津大学 | Double-magnet multistable piezoelectric cantilever beam energy collector |
| CN111404419B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2023-05-26 | 天津大学 | Double-magnet multistable piezoelectric cantilever beam energy collector |
| CN111478622A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-31 | 广西大学 | Wheel set type space bending cantilever beam piezoelectric device |
| CN111478622B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-03-23 | 广西大学 | Wheel set type space bending cantilever beam piezoelectric device |
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