CN104062269B - The Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus of nanoseconds resolution and measuring method - Google Patents
The Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus of nanoseconds resolution and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104062269B CN104062269B CN201310085906.3A CN201310085906A CN104062269B CN 104062269 B CN104062269 B CN 104062269B CN 201310085906 A CN201310085906 A CN 201310085906A CN 104062269 B CN104062269 B CN 104062269B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus that a kind of nanoseconds is differentiated, excitation source is linked in sequence with First ray pulse generator, operating frequency coordinator, the second train pulse generator, data acquisition unit；Second train pulse generator is connected with light path system, probe source respectively；Data acquisition unit is connected with operating frequency coordinator, the first light intensity detector, the second light intensity detector, the 3rd light intensity detector, monochromator respectively；Light path system and sample cell also it is equipped with between probe source and monochromator.Its measuring method is for setting sample temperature, and excitation source sends light beam and irradiates sample arrival excited electronic state, is obtained the zero point moment of time resolved spectroscopy data by its segment beam；The pulse white-light that probe source sends feeds back to data acquisition unit through the detection light intensity signal after sample and is converted into Absorption and emission spectra.The present invention is equipped with the sample cell of temperature adjustable, and can obtain the spectroscopic data of high s/n ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of time resolved spectroscopy measurement apparatus and method, especially a kind of under the conditions of sample temperature is regulatable, it is possible to measure nanoseconds resolved absorption and the instrument of emission spectrum and method respectively.
Background technology
The photosynthesis of plant, the light degradation reaction of pollutant provide food source and good living environment for the mankind, study light-triggered physical and chemical process to contribute to understanding these natural phenomenas, meanwhile, for development clear energy sources further and green environmental protection technique, new technical thought is proposed.Under normal circumstances, light triggers chemical reaction path: be in the material of electronic ground state when being irradiated by the light beam of suitable wavelength, the electronics of this material is triggered to excited state, form the intermediate with stronger reactivity, generate electronics under various circumstances and be in end product (document 1: Fan Meigong, the Yao Jiannian of ground state, Tong Zhenhe etc., molecular photochemistry and optical function material science, Beijing: Science Press, 2009).The characteristic of excited state material will greatly affect photochemically reactive path, especially there is long-life excited state material and possessed even more important researching value, this long-life excited state material has the time of abundance, it is functional that the active electron making self plays it, the life-span of this excited state material is often in the nanosecond interior (the document 2:H.X.Han of time scale to millisecond, M.N.Paddon-row and R.F.Howe, Charge separation in mesoporous aluminosilicates, Res.Chem.Intermed., 2008,34,551-564；J.W.Verhoeven,H.J.van Ramesdonk and M.M.Groeneveld,et al.Long-lived charge-transfer states in compact donor-acceptor dyads,ChemPhysChem, 2005,6,2251-2260), the characteristic of detection excited state material becomes the difficult problem that people need to break through, and time-resolved spectrum test technology becomes the powerful measure of solution problem.
nullRipe commercialization spectrum test device is concentrated mainly on stable state and absorbs and emission spectrometer，Most representative two companies producing this type product are respectively PerkinElmer company of the U.S. (document 3:http: //www.perkinelmer.com/) and France Horiba Jobin Yvon company (document 4:http: //www.horiba.com/cn/)，Spectroscopy equipment often function with time resolution function is the most single，Specifically，Existing a set of equipment can only measure time-resolved absorption spectrum or time-resolved emission spectrum，Its time scale measured is the longest at musec order，Its sample temperature can only be approximately equal to room temperature，Cannot be carried out regulation and control，Most representative two companies producing this type product are respectively Britain Edinburgh Instruments Ltd(document 5:http: //www.edinst.com/) and AppliedPhotophysics company of Britain (document 6:http: //www.photophysics.com/).
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of experimental provision measuring the Absorption and emission spectra that nanoseconds is differentiated and method, and the present invention be the technical scheme is that for achieving the above object
The Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus that nanoseconds is differentiated, excitation source is linked in sequence with First ray pulse generator, operating frequency coordinator, the second train pulse generator, data acquisition unit；Second train pulse generator is connected with light path system, probe source respectively；Data acquisition unit is connected with operating frequency coordinator, the first light intensity detector, the second light intensity detector, the 3rd light intensity detector, monochromator respectively；Light path system and sample cell also it is equipped with between probe source and monochromator.
The light outlets of described probe source is a straight line with the sample in sample cell, position, monochromator entrance port.
The pulsed light beam that the light beam that described excitation source sends is launched with probe source is vertical.
Described sample cell includes: the cavity bottom outer surface of built-in cuvette posts semiconductor cooler, temperature-conditioned metal block successively, is equipped with liquid circulation passage inside temperature-conditioned metal block, and the liquid in low temperature thermostat bath is in circulating pump driving liquid to peripheral passage；Cavity inner wall is equipped with temperature sensor.
The Absorption and emission spectra measuring method that nanoseconds is differentiated, comprises the following steps:
(1) the detection wavelength of monochromator is set；
(2) First ray pulse generator (sends two-way identical frequency signal I, II and triggers excitation source and the work of operating frequency coordinator respectively, operating frequency coordinator sends frequency signal III and triggers the second train pulse generator, and the second train pulse generator sends three road frequency signal IV, V, VI and triggers light path system, probe source, data acquisition unit respectively；
(3) excitation source sends the sample arrival excited electronic state that nanosecond pulse light beam irradiates in sample cell, its segment beam is reflected to the second light intensity detector through light path system, and the second light intensity detector sends pulse signal to data acquisition unit as zero point moment of time resolved spectroscopy data；After the pulse white-light that probe source sends passes sample, by light intensity detector record after monochromator, this detection light intensity signal feeds back to data acquisition unit；
(4) repeat step (two)～(three), the detection light intensity signal of data acquisition unit multi collect is averaged；
(5) reset the detection wavelength of monochromator and repeat step (two)～(four), detection light intensity signal meansigma methods during data acquisition unit collection difference detection wavelength is converted into Absorption and emission spectra.
Described frequency signal I has time delay relative to frequency signal II.
Described frequency signal V has time delay relative to frequency signal III.
Described frequency signal VI has time delay relative to frequency signal III.
Described frequency signal IV is Tong Bu with frequency signal III.
The invention have the advantages that and advantage:
1. the present invention is equipped with the sample cell of temperature adjustable and a set of equipment has two kinds of measurement patterns for transient absorption and emission spectrum simultaneously.
2. in assembly of the invention and measuring method, the function of setting measurement average time contributes to obtaining the spectroscopic data of high s/n ratio as desired.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the transient absorption measured by the embodiment of the present invention and emission spectrum figure；
Fig. 3 is the sample pool structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Wherein: 1 excitation source, 2 probe sources, 3 monochromatic or polychromators, 4-1 the first light intensity detector, 4-2 the second light intensity detector, 4-3 the 3rd light intensity detector, 5 data acquisition units, 5-1 data collecting card, 5-2 computer, 5-3 oscillograph, 6 sample cells, 7-1 shutter controller, 7-2 shutter, 7-3 reflecting mirror, 7-4 focus lamp, 8-1 First ray pulse generator, 8-2 the second train pulse generator, 9 operating frequency coordinators, 10 cavitys, 11 semiconductor coolers, 12 temperature-conditioned metal blocks, 13 liquid circulation passage, 14 low temperature thermostat baths, 15 circulating pumps, 16 temperature sensors, 17 temp controlled meters.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Sample is controllably arranged on a certain temperature in the range of-50 DEG C-50 DEG C by the sample cell in the present invention, at wavelength 200nm-900nm, in the range of time 50ns-2ms, the time resolution Absorption and emission spectra of measuring samples excited state, its minimum strength resolution about 0.0005, measures frequency adjustable in the range of 1Hz-5Hz, in order to obtain high s/n ratio, the mode that the present invention uses repetitive measurement to be averaged obtains final experimental result, and average time is adjustable.This device will provide reliable technical support for development clear energy sources regeneration techniques with seeking environmental conservation new departure.
The present invention completed according to above-mentioned purpose to be reached, it is to complete as follows to measure working method: first set sample temperature, excitation source excites the sample to certain excited electronic state, when probe source is in running order, the pulse that it sends strengthens white light through excited state material, the white light passed through is measured by light intensity detector, data collecting system by light intensity record and is converted to transient absorption spectra data subsequently, when probe source is closed, the electromagnetic radiation light of excited electronic state is directly by measured by light intensity detector, data collecting system by light intensity record and is converted to Instantaneous emission spectrum data subsequently, the working time order of each part mentioned above has been coordinated jointly by train pulse generator and operating frequency coordinator.
As shown in Figure 3, the sample cell of temperature-controllable in the present invention, test sample controllably can be set as a certain temperature between-50 DEG C to 50 DEG C, its constituted mode is: utilize red copper or aluminium material to make the cavity 10 that can place cubic shape quartz colorimetric utensil, this cavity three has worn circular hole 18 can be with printing opacity, bottom surface smooths, the chill surface heat-conducting glue of semiconductor cooler 11 is closely pasted onto above-mentioned cavity 10 lower surface, semiconductor cooler 11 another side and temperature-conditioned metal block 12 are closely coupled with heat-conducting glue, the metal derby that this temperature-conditioned metal block 12 is empty in being one, and with an entrance for influent and an outlet for trickle, this entrance and exit is connected with low temperature thermostat bath 14 by water pipe, constitute liquid circulation passage；Liquid in low temperature thermostat bath 14 drives via circulating pump 15, the liquid making temperature-controllable flows in the constantly liquid circulation passage in temperature-conditioned metal block 12, controllable metal block 12 temperature is equal to the temperature of liquid in cryostat 14, when to semiconductor cooler for positive voltage, sample temperature in quartz colorimetric utensil will decline, and when to semiconductor cooler for negative voltage, the sample temperature in quartz colorimetric utensil will raise, temperature sensor 16 is popped one's head in and is deeply placed on inside cavity, external temp controlled meter 17；When measuring temperature and reaching design temperature, sensor sends instruction and stops power supply, and when measuring temperature departure design temperature, temp controlled meter 17 issues instructions to semiconductor cooler and powers to reach the purpose of regulating and controlling temperature.By reasonably arranging the temperature of liquid in voltage supplied size and low temperature thermostat bath, this sample cell 6 can be implemented in and controllably sets sample temperature between-50 DEG C to 50 DEG C.
Operating frequency coordinator 9 in the present invention, its effect is probe source 2 collaborative work of the excitation source 1 and low-repetition-frequency work making high repetition frequency work.Under normal circumstances, excitation source 1 needs just can obtain stable mode of operation under higher repetition rate, and probe source 2 needs to obtain stable mode of operation under relatively low repetition rate, the high repetition frequency of excitation source 1 is triggered signal and is reduced to suitable low frequency signal by this operating frequency coordinator 9, and as the external trigger signal of probe source 2, so, excitation source 1 and probe source 2 just can work with synchronous coordination.
nullIntegrated electronic chip model and connected mode that operating frequency coordinator 9 is used are as follows: the triggering signal of high repetition frequency first passes around phase inverter I(chip model 7404)，It is then passed through enumerator (chip model CD4040)，Again through NAND gate (chip model CD4011)，Again through phase inverter II(chip model 7404)，Again through NAND gate (chip model 7400)，Then pass through 2 monostable flipflops (chip model 74123) output and there is the negative pulse of certain phase shifts and pulse width，Eventually pass power amplifier (chip model 74128) the output tunable final external trigger signal of low-repetition-frequency width，Another input of NAND gate the most mentioned above (chip model 7400) connects the delivery outlet of data collecting card 5-1，When computer 5-2 sends high level instruction by this data collecting card 5-1，This NAND gate is in opening state，When computer 5-2 sends low level instruction by this data collecting card 5-1，This NAND gate is closed，So just can realize the computer gate-controlled switch function of this device，Additionally，Phase inverter II(chip model 7404 mentioned above) output be simultaneously connected with two panels series connection monostable flipflop (chip model 74123)，Its output signal gives the Protection Counter Functions pin of enumerator mentioned above (chip model CD4040).
Light path system 7 is used for controlling beam diameter size and the direction of propagation, can use optical reflection, concentrating element and mechanical shutter, and the present embodiment includes a shutter controller 7-1, two shutter 7-2, a reflecting mirror 7-3, a focus lamp 7-4.Wherein, a shutter 7-2, a reflecting mirror 7-3 and a focus lamp 7-4 order are positioned between excitation source and sample, and this shutter is for stopping unnecessary excitation light pulse；Another shutter 7-2 is placed between probe source and sample, for stopping that unnecessary detection light irradiates.
Data acquisition unit 5 includes data collecting card 5-1, computer 5-2 and oscillograph 5-3.The data that data collecting card 5-1 sends for acquisition pulse signal generator 8, are connected with operating frequency coordinator 9, second train pulse generator 8, light intensity detector 4-1, computer 5-2；Computer 5-2 is for gathering the light intensity data in oscillograph 5-3, and light intensity data is converted to transient absorption spectra data；Computer 5-2 is connected with monochromator 3, oscillograph 5-3；Oscillograph 5-3 is used for reading light intensity data, is connected with light intensity detector 4-2,4-3.
Fig. 1 illustrates the Technology Roadmap of the present invention.Laboratory sample is the benzil acetonitrile solution 3mL of 4mM, first the temperature of this liquid is set by the sample cell 6 of temperature-controllable as 22 DEG C, computer 5-2 is 350nm by the measurement wave-length coverage of instruction appointment monochromator 3, sets the sent pulse characteristic of excitation source 1 as 33mJ355nm.nullAs shown in Figure 1，First，By SRS company of train pulse generator 8-1(U.S. DG535) send the triggering signal that two-way repetition rate is 10Hz and be respectively I and II，Wherein signal I postpones 9ms than II，II passes to operating frequency coordinator 9 as input signal，Now the Computercontrolled data acquisition card 5-1 in data acquisition unit 5 have sent high level signal VII to open operating frequency coordinator 9，After reducing frequency effect，Operating frequency coordinator 9 sends the low-repetition-frequency 3Hz signal III Tong Bu with II，This signal passes to second SRS company of train pulse generator 8-2(U.S. DG645 as external trigger signal)，It sends the signal IV of three road 3Hz、V、VI，Wherein IV with III is the most synchronize，Two mechanical shutter 7-2 are in opening after receiving IV and open persistent period 12ms，V postpones 7.3ms than III，Probe source 2 is after receiving V，Send the enhancing white light pulse that pulse width is 6ms，VI postpones 13ms than III，Data collecting card 5-1 starts to record data after receiving this signal VI.nullExcitation source 1 is after receiving I，It sends the nanosecond pulse light beam that wavelength is 355nm，Irradiate sample and arrive excited electronic state，The pulse white-light that now probe source 2 sends just vertical exciting light direction through excited electronic state sample，Its transmission light is after monochromator after 3，By light intensity detector 4-3 record，Strength signal passes to the oscillograph 5-3 in data acquisition unit 5，The small part of excitation pulse light is reflected in Fig. 1 the light intensity detector 4-2(nanosecond open-interval photodiode in left side) time，It sends a pulse signal and sends the oscillograph 5-3 zero point moment as time resolved spectroscopy data to，Data collecting card 5-1 is after receiving VI subsequently，Data in oscillograph 5-3 are stored，Complete one-shot measurement process，Go out in the 350nm position of monochromator 3 and measure 100 times continuously，Using average result as final testing result，The probing wave of the monochromator 3 of computer setting subsequently is a length of for 355nm，100 times are again measured in this position，And store average result，So circulation，Until a length of 650nm of probing wave of monochromator 3，And complete 100 times measure be averaged result after，Whole experimentation terminates，Experimental data is stored in computer.
Fig. 2 illustrates the experimental result that above-mentioned experimentation obtains, this figure is that 4mM benzil acetonitrile solution is under 33mJ355nm shooting condition, the transient absorption obtained and emission spectrum figure, owing to single wavelength result is averagely to be obtained by 100 measurement results, so the signal to noise ratio of these data is higher, wherein contain abundant physical chemistry intension, have the biggest scientific research value.Fig. 3 illustrates the pictorial diagram of the sample cell of temperature-controllable in apparatus of the present invention, and this sample cell is durable, is well matched with work with other element in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. nanoseconds differentiate Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: excitation source (1) with
First ray pulse generator (8-1), operating frequency coordinator (9), the second train pulse generator (8-2),
Data acquisition unit (5) is linked in sequence；Second train pulse generator (8-2) respectively with light path system (7),
Probe source (2) connects；Data acquisition unit (5) respectively with operating frequency coordinator (9), the first light intensity
Detector (4-1), the second light intensity detector (4-2), the 3rd light intensity detector (4-3), monochromator (3)
Connect；Light path system (7) and sample cell (6) also it is equipped with between probe source (2) and monochromator (3).
The Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus that nanoseconds the most according to claim 1 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: the light outlets of described probe source (2) and the sample in sample cell (6), monochromator (3) entrance port
Position is a straight line.
The Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus that nanoseconds the most according to claim 1 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: the pulsed light beam that the light beam that described excitation source (1) sends is launched with probe source (2) is vertical.
The Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus that nanoseconds the most according to claim 1 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: described sample cell (6) including: cavity (10) bottom outer surface of built-in cuvette posts successively partly leads
Chiller (11), temperature-conditioned metal block (12), temperature-conditioned metal block (12) is internal is equipped with liquid circulation passage
(13), the liquid in low temperature thermostat bath (14) is through circulating pump (15) driving liquid to peripheral passage (13)
In；Cavity (10) inwall is equipped with temperature sensor (16).
5. during the Absorption and emission spectra measurement apparatus measurement nanosecond utilizing nanoseconds resolution in claim 1
Between the method for Absorption and emission spectra differentiated, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) the detection wavelength of monochromator (3) is set；
(2) frequency signal I, II that First ray pulse generator (8-1) sends two-way identical touches respectively
Sending out excitation source (1) and operating frequency coordinator (9) work, operating frequency coordinator (9) sends frequency
Signal III triggers the second train pulse generator (8-2), and the second train pulse generator (8-2) sends three
Road frequency signal IV, V, VI trigger light path system (7), probe source (2), data acquisition unit (5) respectively；
(3) excitation source (1) sends the sample arrival electricity that nanosecond pulse light beam irradiates in sample cell (6)
Sub-excited state, the segment beam of nanosecond pulse light beam is reflected to the second light intensity detector through light path system (7)
(4-2), the second light intensity detector (4-2) sends pulse signal and divides as the time to data acquisition unit (5)
Distinguish the zero point moment of spectroscopic data；After the pulse white-light that probe source (2) sends passes sample, through monochromator
(3) by the 3rd light intensity detector (4-3) record after, this detection light intensity signal feeds back to data acquisition unit
(5)；
(4) step (two)～(three) is repeated, by the detection light intensity of data acquisition unit (5) multi collect
Degree signal is averaged；
(5) reset the detection wavelength of monochromator (3) and repeat step (two)～(four), by number
Detection light intensity signal meansigma methods when gathering difference detection wavelength according to harvester (5) is converted into absorption and launches
Spectrum.
The Absorption and emission spectra measuring method that nanoseconds the most according to claim 5 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: described frequency signal I has time delay relative to frequency signal II.
The Absorption and emission spectra measuring method that nanoseconds the most according to claim 5 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: described frequency signal V has time delay relative to frequency signal III.
The Absorption and emission spectra measuring method that nanoseconds the most according to claim 5 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: described frequency signal VI has time delay relative to frequency signal III.
The Absorption and emission spectra measuring method that nanoseconds the most according to claim 5 is differentiated, its feature exists
In: described frequency signal IV is Tong Bu with frequency signal III.
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