CN104049189B - Device for detecting circuit phase earth and interphase interval discharge characteristic under simulation forest fire condition - Google Patents
Device for detecting circuit phase earth and interphase interval discharge characteristic under simulation forest fire condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种模拟山火条件下线路相地和相间间隙放电特性的检测装置，包括输电线模拟单元、山火模拟单元、测量单元和电源单元；输电线模拟单元，用于模拟交直流输电线路的相地间隙、极地间隙、相间间隙和极间间隙；山火模拟单元，用于模拟山火；测量单元，用于测量山火火焰的形态、温度、泄漏电流和放电电压。与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种模拟山火条件下线路相地和相间间隙放电特性的检测装置，山火火焰的温度、高度、直径、颗粒物含量和电导率的可控性好，操作简单方便，有效弥补了模拟山火条件下检测数据分散性大，重复性差的不足。
The invention provides a detection device for simulating the phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase gap discharge characteristics of a line under the condition of a wildfire, which includes a transmission line simulation unit, a wildfire simulation unit, a measurement unit and a power supply unit; the transmission line simulation unit is used for simulating AC and DC The phase-to-ground gap, pole-to-pole gap, phase-to-phase gap and inter-pole gap of the transmission line; the wildfire simulation unit, used to simulate wildfires; the measurement unit, used to measure the shape, temperature, leakage current and discharge voltage of wildfire flames. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a detection device for simulating the phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase discharge characteristics of the line under the condition of mountain fire, and the controllability of the temperature, height, diameter, particle content and electrical conductivity of the mountain fire flame is good , The operation is simple and convenient, which effectively makes up for the shortcomings of large dispersion and poor repeatability of detection data under simulated wildfire conditions.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种放电特性检测装置，具体涉及一种模拟山火条件下线路相地和相间间隙放电特性的检测装置。The invention relates to a discharge characteristic detection device, in particular to a detection device for simulating the discharge characteristics of line phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase gaps under wild fire conditions.
背景技术Background technique
架空输电线路的外绝缘是以空气作为绝缘介质，受大气条件影响，如风、雨、雷电、雪等常导致线路外绝缘失效而跳闸，这些跳闸故障一般发生在塔头或绝缘子串等位置，但线路下方发生的山火却会导致线路相地或相间发生放电而跳闸。极端高温和干旱天气条件下，森林易发大面积山火，当线路下方出现山火时，线路相地或相间间隙就会发生击穿，特别是山火经过多回线路共用的走廊时有可能引发多条线路跳闸，导致大面积停电事故。The external insulation of overhead transmission lines uses air as the insulating medium. Affected by atmospheric conditions, such as wind, rain, lightning, snow, etc., often cause the external insulation of the line to fail and trip. These tripping faults generally occur at the tower head or insulator strings. However, a wildfire below the line will cause a phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase discharge of the line to trip. Under extreme high temperature and dry weather conditions, forests are prone to large-scale wildfires. When wildfires occur below the line, the phase-to-ground or inter-phase gap of the line will break down, especially when the wildfire passes through the corridor shared by multiple lines. Many lines were tripped, leading to widespread power outages.
山火是一种发生在林野间难以控制的火灾，不仅温度和火焰高度高，而且还卷入大量的灰烬和烟雾，在山坡和风力等因素的作用下，对线路外绝缘具有非常大的破坏性。因此山火是一种涉及到火焰电导率即空间电荷、烟气与灰烬和高温的多相体，其放电特性远比纯空气间隙复杂。当前输电线路防山火还停留在线路走廊植被的砍伐清理等方面，而植被清理的成本高昂且难以有效实施，如何有效管理输电线路附近的植被对确保输电线路在山火条件下安全和可靠性具有重要意义，输电线路在山火条件下的绝缘性能对输电线路设计、运行维护以及紧急条件下调度与运行同样具有重要意义。Mountain fire is a kind of uncontrollable fire that occurs in the forest. Not only the temperature and flame height are high, but also a large amount of ash and smoke are involved. Under the action of factors such as hillside and wind, it has a very large damage to the external insulation of the line. sex. Therefore, wildfire is a heterogeneous body involving flame conductivity, that is, space charge, smoke and ash, and high temperature, and its discharge characteristics are far more complicated than pure air gaps. At present, the prevention of mountain fires on transmission lines is still limited to the felling and clearing of vegetation in line corridors. However, the cost of vegetation clearing is high and it is difficult to implement effectively. How to effectively manage the vegetation near transmission lines is crucial to ensure the safety and reliability of transmission lines under wildfire conditions. It is of great significance, and the insulation performance of transmission lines under wild fire conditions is also of great significance to the design, operation and maintenance of transmission lines, as well as dispatching and operation under emergency conditions.
现有技术中在山火条件下对输电线路相地或相间间隙进行击穿特性的研究，是解决输电线路在山火条件下绝缘失效的重要途径，但是当前模拟山火放电检测存在下述缺陷：In the prior art, the research on the breakdown characteristics of the phase-to-ground or interphase gap of the transmission line under the condition of wildfire is an important way to solve the insulation failure of the transmission line under the condition of wildfire, but the current simulated wildfire discharge detection has the following defects :
①：模拟山火的重复性差，导致检测结果的重复性和分散性大，不利于分析模拟山火的放电规律；①: The repeatability of the simulated wildfire is poor, resulting in a large repeatability and dispersion of the test results, which is not conducive to the analysis of the discharge law of the simulated wildfire;
②：模拟山火的可控性差；②: The controllability of the simulated wildfire is poor;
③：模拟山火的相似性差，模拟山火的结果能否应用于输电线路山火跳闸规律的分析，取决于检测条件下以及山火条件下放电的相似性；③: The similarity of simulated wildfires is poor. Whether the results of simulated wildfires can be applied to the analysis of transmission line wildfire tripping rules depends on the similarity of discharge under the detection conditions and wildfire conditions;
④：模拟山火的尺度性差，若将检测条件下的模拟山火达到实际山火的规模，操作起来困难，成本高，并且存在很大的安全分析，山火的尺度特性是把小规模模拟山火的检测结果应用于实际山火的关键。④: The scale of the simulated wildfire is poor. If the simulated wildfire under the detection conditions reaches the scale of the actual wildfire, it is difficult to operate, the cost is high, and there is a large safety analysis. The scale characteristic of the wildfire is that the small-scale simulated The detection results of wildfires are the key to the application of real wildfires.
综上，提供一种能够种模拟交直流输电线路不同的相(极)地和相(极)间间隙的山火放电的检测装置显得尤为重要。In summary, it is particularly important to provide a detection device capable of simulating wildfire discharges in different phases (poles) and phases (poles) of AC/DC transmission lines.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了满足现有技术的需要，本发明提供了一种模拟山火条件下线路相地和相间间隙放电特性的检测装置，所述装置包括输电线模拟单元、山火模拟单元、测量单元和电源单元；In order to meet the needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a detection device for simulating line phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase gap discharge characteristics under wildfire conditions, the device includes a transmission line simulation unit, a wildfire simulation unit, a measurement unit and a power supply unit ;
所述输电线模拟单元，用于模拟交直流输电线路的相地间隙、极地间隙、相间间隙和极间间隙；The transmission line simulation unit is used for simulating the phase-to-ground gap, pole gap, phase gap and inter-pole gap of the AC/DC transmission line;
所述测量单元，用于测量山火火焰的形态、温度、泄漏电流和放电电压。The measuring unit is used for measuring the shape, temperature, leakage current and discharge voltage of the wildfire flame.
优选的，所述输电线模拟单元包括连接与两个立柱顶端之间的钢丝绳；模拟导线通过铜线悬挂在所述钢丝绳的中段；Preferably, the transmission line simulation unit includes a steel wire rope connected to the top of the two columns; the simulation wire is suspended in the middle section of the steel wire rope through a copper wire;
优选的，所述山火模拟单元包括燃料台、称重单元和送风单元；Preferably, the wildfire simulation unit includes a fuel platform, a weighing unit and an air supply unit;
所述称重单元包括称重平台和测量模块，用于对燃料垛的消耗速率进行监测，从而获取所述燃料垛燃烧时释放的热功率；The weighing unit includes a weighing platform and a measuring module, which are used to monitor the consumption rate of the fuel stack, so as to obtain the thermal power released when the fuel stack is burned;
所述燃料台包括通过绝缘垫片设置在所述称重平台的金属网状电极，用于模拟接地电极；所述金属网状电极上设置有所述燃料垛；The fuel platform includes a metal mesh electrode arranged on the weighing platform through an insulating gasket, which is used to simulate a ground electrode; the metal mesh electrode is provided with the fuel stack;
所述送风单元包括设置在所述称重平台下方的送风管道；所述送风单元用于向所述燃料垛传输风力、颗粒物和碱金属盐颗粒，从而调整所述山火火焰的高度、温度、颗粒物含量和电导率；The air supply unit includes an air supply duct arranged below the weighing platform; the air supply unit is used to transmit wind, particulate matter and alkali metal salt particles to the fuel stack, thereby adjusting the height of the wildfire flame , temperature, particle content and conductivity;
优选的，所述测量单元包括阻容分压器、取样电阻、数据采集卡、红外测温单元、视频采集单元和PC机；Preferably, the measuring unit includes a resistance-capacitance voltage divider, a sampling resistor, a data acquisition card, an infrared temperature measurement unit, a video acquisition unit and a PC;
所述阻容分压器连接于模拟导线与所述数据采集卡之间，用于采集所述山火火焰的放电电压；The resistance-capacitance voltage divider is connected between the analog wire and the data acquisition card, and is used to collect the discharge voltage of the mountain fire flame;
所述取样电阻连接于所述山火模拟单元的金属网状电极与所述数据采集卡之间，用于采集所述山火火焰的泄漏电流；The sampling resistor is connected between the metal mesh electrode of the mountain fire simulation unit and the data acquisition card, for collecting the leakage current of the mountain fire flame;
所述视频采集单元，用于采集所述山火火焰的形态；The video collection unit is used to collect the form of the mountain fire flame;
所述PC机，依据对所述数据采集卡发送的电压信号和电流信号，对所述山火火焰的放电过程进行分析；The PC analyzes the discharge process of the mountain fire flame according to the voltage signal and the current signal sent by the data acquisition card;
优选的，所述电源单元包括依次连接的真空开关、调压器和变压器；所述真空开关接入380V电源；所述变压器依次通过交直流切换开关和保护电阻与所述输电线模拟单元相连；Preferably, the power supply unit includes a vacuum switch, a voltage regulator and a transformer connected in sequence; the vacuum switch is connected to a 380V power supply; the transformer is connected to the transmission line simulation unit in turn through an AC-DC switching switch and a protection resistor;
优选的，所述称重单元、所述数据采集卡、所述红外测温单元和所述视频采集单元通过信号同步装置与所述PC机相连。Preferably, the weighing unit, the data acquisition card, the infrared temperature measurement unit and the video acquisition unit are connected to the PC through a signal synchronization device.
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明的优异效果是：Compared with the closest prior art, the excellent effect of the present invention is:
1、本发明技术方案中，燃料垛采用等间距布置的长方形燃料条，每层长方形燃料条之间交叉布置，使得山火大小可控、山火火焰稳定性和重复性较高，有效弥补了模拟山火条件下检测数据分散性大，重复性差的不足的缺点；1. In the technical solution of the present invention, the fuel stack adopts rectangular fuel strips arranged at equal intervals, and each layer of rectangular fuel strips is arranged crosswise, so that the size of the wildfire is controllable, and the stability and repeatability of the wildfire flame are high, which effectively compensates The shortcomings of large dispersion and poor repeatability of detection data under simulated wildfire conditions;
2、本发明技术方案中，山火火焰的温度、高度、直径、颗粒物含量和电导率的可控性好，操作简单方便，且提高了测量的准确性；2. In the technical solution of the present invention, the controllability of the temperature, height, diameter, particle content and electrical conductivity of the wildfire flame is good, the operation is simple and convenient, and the accuracy of the measurement is improved;
3、本发明技术方案中，输电线模拟单元能够模拟交直流输电线路的相地间隙、极地间隙、相间间隙和极间间隙，测量数据全面，为分析山火放电过程的分析提供了重要依据；3. In the technical solution of the present invention, the transmission line simulation unit can simulate the phase-to-ground gap, pole-to-pole gap, phase-to-phase gap and inter-pole gap of the AC-DC transmission line, and the measurement data is comprehensive, which provides an important basis for the analysis of the analysis of the mountain fire discharge process;
4、本发明技术方案中，模拟导线通过铜线悬挂在钢丝绳的中段，能够便于调整模拟导线对地和相间的距离；4. In the technical solution of the present invention, the simulated wire is suspended in the middle section of the steel wire rope through the copper wire, which can facilitate the adjustment of the distance between the simulated wire and the ground and between phases;
5、本发明技术方案中，电源单元通过交直流切换开关控制输出连续的直流电压和交流电压，且输出电流不小于1A。5. In the technical solution of the present invention, the power supply unit outputs continuous DC voltage and AC voltage through the control of the AC-DC switching switch, and the output current is not less than 1A.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1是：本发明实施例中模拟山火条件下线路相地和相间间隙放电特性的检测装置示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a detection device for the discharge characteristics of line phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase gaps under simulated mountain fire conditions in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是：本发明实施例中输电线路相地或极地间隙的模拟装置结构图；Fig. 2 is: the structural diagram of the simulation device of the phase-to-ground or polar gap of the transmission line in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是：本发明实施例中输电线路相间或极间间隙的模拟装置结构图；Fig. 3 is: the structural diagram of the simulation device of the interphase or interpolar gap of the transmission line in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是：本发明实施例中山火模拟装置结构图；Fig. 4 is: the structural diagram of the wildfire simulation device in the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是：本发明实施例中电源装置结构图。Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a power supply device in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
如图1所示，本实施例中模拟山火条件下线路相地和相间间隙放电特性的检测装置包括输电线模拟单元、山火模拟单元、测量单元和电源单元；As shown in Figure 1, the detection device for the phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase gap discharge characteristics of the line under simulated mountain fire conditions in this embodiment includes a transmission line simulation unit, a mountain fire simulation unit, a measurement unit and a power supply unit;
①：输电线模拟单元，用于模拟交直流输电线路的相地间隙、极地间隙、相间间隙和极间间隙；输电线模拟单元包括连接与两个立柱顶端之间的钢丝绳；模拟导线通过铜线悬挂在所述钢丝绳的中段；①: Transmission line simulation unit, used to simulate the phase-ground gap, pole gap, phase gap and inter-pole gap of AC and DC transmission lines; the transmission line simulation unit includes the steel wire rope between the connection and the top of the two columns; the simulated wire passes through the copper wire suspended in the middle section of the steel wire rope;
图2示出了交直流输电线路的1-10m的相地间隙和极地间隙的输电线模拟装置；图3示出了交直流输电线的水平、三角、垂直和紧凑型线路的相间间隙，以及交直流输电线的水平和垂直布置时的极间间隙的输电线模拟装置。Fig. 2 shows the 1-10m phase-to-ground gap and the transmission line simulation device of the pole gap of the AC-DC transmission line; Fig. 3 shows the phase-to-phase gaps of the horizontal, triangular, vertical and compact lines of the AC-DC transmission line, and A transmission line simulation setup for interpole gaps in horizontal and vertical arrangements of AC and DC transmission lines.
②：山火模拟单元，用于模拟山火，包括燃料台、称重单元和送风单元；②: Mountain fire simulation unit, used to simulate mountain fire, including fuel table, weighing unit and air supply unit;
称重单元包括称重平台和测量模块，用于对燃料垛的消耗速率进行监测，从而获取模拟山火的燃料垛在燃烧过程中释放出来的热功率；The weighing unit includes a weighing platform and a measuring module, which are used to monitor the consumption rate of the fuel stack, so as to obtain the thermal power released by the fuel stack during the combustion process of the simulated wildfire;
燃料台包括通过绝缘垫片设置在称重平台的金属网状电极，用于模拟接地电极；金属网状电极上设置有燃料垛；本实施例中金属网状电极为200*200cm的金属网；The fuel table includes a metal mesh electrode arranged on the weighing platform through an insulating gasket, which is used to simulate a ground electrode; a fuel stack is arranged on the metal mesh electrode; in this embodiment, the metal mesh electrode is a metal mesh of 200*200cm;
如图4所示，送风单元包括设置在称重平台下方的送风管道；该送风管道包括三个送风口，分别用于：As shown in Figure 4, the air supply unit includes an air supply duct arranged below the weighing platform; the air supply duct includes three air supply ports, which are respectively used for:
a、向燃料垛中传输碱金属盐颗粒，从而调整燃料垛火焰的电导率；a. Transfer alkali metal salt particles into the fuel stack to adjust the conductivity of the fuel stack flame;
b、向燃料垛中传输风力，从而调整山火火焰的高度和温度；b. Transmission of wind power to the fuel pile, thereby adjusting the height and temperature of the wildfire flame;
c、向燃料垛中传输颗粒物，从而调整山火火焰的颗粒物含量。c. Transfer particulate matter to the fuel stack to adjust the particulate matter content of wildfire flames.
③：测量单元，用于测量山火火焰的形态、温度、泄漏电流和放电电压，具体包括：③: Measuring unit, used to measure the shape, temperature, leakage current and discharge voltage of wildfire flames, including:
a、阻容分压器，连接于模拟导线的与数据采集卡之间，用于采集山火火焰的放电电压；其中，检测电压为是检测过程中施加的电压，放电电压则是施加检测电压过程中，输电线间隙发生击穿的电压。a. The resistance-capacitance voltage divider is connected between the analog wire and the data acquisition card, and is used to collect the discharge voltage of the fire flame; among them, the detection voltage is the voltage applied during the detection process, and the discharge voltage is the applied detection voltage During the process, the breakdown voltage occurs in the transmission line gap.
b、取样电阻，连接于山火模拟单元的金属网状电极与数据采集卡之间，用于采集山火火焰的泄漏电流；b. The sampling resistor is connected between the metal mesh electrode of the mountain fire simulation unit and the data acquisition card, and is used to collect the leakage current of the mountain fire flame;
c、视频采集单元，用于采集山火火焰的形态，以及山火火焰放电与形态之间的相互作用；c. The video acquisition unit is used to collect the form of the wildfire flame, and the interaction between the wildfire flame discharge and the form;
d、PC机，依据对数据采集卡发送的电压信号和电流信号，对山火火焰的放电过程进行分析，包括获取不同的电压信号下，山火放电的形态、电流值、电流波形和电流频率；d. PC, according to the voltage signal and current signal sent by the data acquisition card, analyze the discharge process of the fire flame, including obtaining the form, current value, current waveform and current frequency of the fire discharge under different voltage signals ;
称重单元、数据采集卡、红外测温单元和视频采集单元通过信号同步装置与PC机相连，从而保证测量信号的实时同步性。The weighing unit, data acquisition card, infrared temperature measurement unit and video acquisition unit are connected to the PC through a signal synchronization device, so as to ensure the real-time synchronization of the measurement signal.
④：如图5所示，电源单元包括依次连接的真空开关、调压器和变压器；真空开关接入380V电源；变压器依次通过交直流切换开关和保护电阻与输电线模拟单元相连；电源单元通过交直流切换开关控制输出连续的直流电压和交流电压，且输出电流不小于1A，满足高压检测标准。④: As shown in Figure 5, the power unit includes a vacuum switch, a voltage regulator and a transformer connected in sequence; the vacuum switch is connected to a 380V power supply; The AC-DC switching switch controls the output of continuous DC voltage and AC voltage, and the output current is not less than 1A, which meets the high-voltage detection standard.
最后应当说明的是：所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.
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| CN104360245A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 武汉大学 | Gap discharge characteristic test platform influenced by multiple factors under simulated mountain fire condition |
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| CN109239549B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-02-04 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Test device capable of decoupling interaction of power transmission line and forest fire and use method |
| CN109444563A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 三峡大学 | The charged test platform of vegetation burning particles object under a kind of transmission line simulation electric field |
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Inventor after: Wu Tian Inventor after: Zhu Jianjun Inventor after: Liu Kai Inventor after: Peng Yong Inventor after: Liu Ting Inventor after: Xiao Bin Inventor after: Su Ziming Inventor after: Tang Pan Inventor after: Liu Yan Inventor before: Wu Tian Inventor before: Liu Kai Inventor before: Peng Yong Inventor before: Liu Ting Inventor before: Xiao Bin Inventor before: Su Ziming Inventor before: Tang Pan Inventor before: Liu Yan |