CN104012360B - A kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivating technology field, especially a kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, barren and hard soil carries out dig pit plantation without rattan grape, understand particular by the properties and characteristics without rattan grape, in conjunction with its inner nutritional need, barren and hard soil carries out the form of digging a hole of digging a pit, hole, etc., adopt base soil shop fixtures, the handling facility of Surface mulch etc. combines, for real soil cultivates the scheme providing a feasibility without rattan grape, improve land utilization rate, reduce water and soil loss, there is the significant value of environmental protection, and compared with conventional art, there is grape quality be protected, labour cost is low, the advantage that output is high, solve the technical barrier that barren soil that tradition it is believed that is difficult to carry out low cost plantation grape.

Description

A kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape

Technical field

The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivating technology field, especially a kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape.

Background technology

Grape is one of fruit of preferring of people, its market value along with the kind of grape different, its price is also different, and one of its reason is exactly that the amount of beneficiating ingredient and the sugar contained among grape is different; At present, grape is except being used for directly eating food, and most of grape is also used to wine brewing, and the sugar content therefore for grape requires it is higher.

Traditional grape is mainly long rattan grape, for need not built, scaffolding grape variety just progressively found out by people in recent years, and obtained popularization in a big way; But, the plantation of these grapes, large more options at fertile soil on the ground, the soil at least selected is the more open area of earth, and the soil of real soil band is all not suitable for the plantation of grape, and then make wine-growing family can be subject to significant limitation when carrying out construction of base, many barren soils also can be caused to can not get developing and continuing barren simultaneously, and then cause a large amount of water and soil loss, be unfavorable for environmental protection.

For this reason, those skilled in the art are started with by cultivation technique without soil, and in conjunction with the planting technology of traditional grape, the technology of carrying out planting on hard soil for grape carries out research and discovery, and under the prerequisite guaranteeing grape quality, sophistication improves the barren shape in barren soil, reduce water lose rate, improve land utilization rate, promote extensively building of grape base, solve tradition and it is believed that the infeasible technical barrier of barren soil low cost plantation grape.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the invention provides one and can make full use of barren soil, hard soil to plant grape, and can ensure that grape growth environment is better, guarantee grape quality and output, improve land utilization rate, reduce water and soil loss without rattan grape reality native cultivation method.

Be achieved particular by following technical scheme:

A kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, barren and hard soil carries out dig pit plantation without rattan grape, specifically comprise the following steps:

(1) to dig a pit, hole, etc. plane ditch: be that 20cm carries out digging a pit, hole, etc. and processes according to the distance between grape strain and spacing in the rows on solid soil, hole adopts radius to be the circular pit of 10cm, hole is 30-40cm deeply, and using transmeridional two row holes as furrow, and three, ditch is dug in the middle of furrow, ditch depth 10cm, furrow width 3-4cm;

(2) base soil preparation: get raw material components and weight portion be 3-5 part phosphoamide, 3-7 part oxalic acid, 10-15 part sucrose stalk, 15-20 part maize straw, 10-15 part straw, 10-30 part pine needle, 50-60 part sawdust face, 70-80 part rice bran, 30-50 part Chinese medicine slag, 20-30 part animal excretion, river sand 40-50 part, 40-80 part contains the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 30-40 part and suitable quantity of water;

Its preparation method is that river sand to be ground into 120 orders stand-by; Maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle by proportioning co-grinding to 130 order, and are added sawdust face and rice bran in proportion, after stirring, adds water, make its water content reach 35%, ferment stand-by; Phosphoamide, oxalic acid, flyash are added in animal excretion according to proportioning successively, and after stirring, add water, when making its water content reach 20%, the earth containing more than 70% organic humus is added by proportioning, continue to be uniformly mixed, and add water to water content and reach 25%, then the mixed material of maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle, sawdust face and rice bran is added, continue to stir, after it mixes, then the river sand crushed is added according to proportioning, base soil can be obtained;

(3) tank hole plantation: adopt base soil first to fill up the 1/3rd dark of hole, hole, the earth of digging pit is adopted to fill out 5-10cm again, fetch without rattan grape seedlings again, planted with hole, and it is full to be covered to hole with earth of digging pit, and be compacted into stack, pile high 2-3cm, adopt again moisture be 50% field mud covering surfaces 1cm, plantation completes;

(4) pipe laying insulation: planting on the furrow without rattan grape seedlings, insulating tube buried by two ditches chosen near grape seedlings, intermediate sulcus buries dropping liquid carrier pipe, the diameter of insulating tube and dropping liquid carrier pipe is 2cm, and the middle of two grape seedlingses in left and right installs a spray line and minim pipette on furrow, the sprinkling diameter of spray line is 20cm, and one end of dropping liquid carrier pipe is adopted valve closing, and the other end is connected with minute-pressure pump; Insulating tube is connected with thermal circuit, forms path;

(5) manage: low temperature season adopts insulating tube to carry out hyperthermic treatment to grape base again, and maximum temperature is 35 DEG C, and minimum temperature is 12 DEG C; Close insulating tube at high temperature season, make it meet the temperature of natural conditions; At arid season, the minute-pressure pump of dropping liquid carrier pipe is placed in nutrient solution, conveying nutrient solution carries out 24h continuously drip irrigation grapevine seedling; In desinsection, diseases prevention season, minute-pressure pump is placed in the disinsection prophylaxis liquid prepared, adopts spray line to spray, more conveniently manage.

Described base soil raw material components and weight portion thereof are 4 parts of phosphoamides, 5 parts of oxalic acid, 13 parts of sucrose stalks, 18 parts of maize straws, 12 parts of straw, 20 parts of pine needles, 55 parts of sawdust faces, 75 parts of rice brans, 40 parts of Chinese medicine slags, 25 parts of animal excretions, river sand 45 parts, 60 parts containing the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 35 parts and suitable quantity of water.

Described nutrient solution adopts slaked lime, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, sucrose, potassium permanganate according to the proportions of 1:1:1:3:1, and add 1-2 part zinc, 2-3 part selenium and 3-7 part Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, adds water and be mixed with the solution that concentration is 55%.

The tpn solution of described disinsection prophylaxis liquid to be concentration be 300PPM.

Described Chinese medicine slag is pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae, dandelion, bighead atractylodes rhizome equal proportion mix, and by filter residue that decoction obtains for three times.

Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:

1. by understanding the properties and characteristics without rattan grape, in conjunction with its inner nutritional need, barren and hard soil carries out the form of digging a hole of digging a pit, hole, etc., adopt base soil shop fixtures, the handling facility of Surface mulch etc. combines, and for real soil cultivates the scheme providing a feasibility without rattan grape, improves land utilization rate, reduce water and soil loss, there is the significant value of environmental protection.

2. by the laying of pipeline, for providing a guarantee without rattan grape normal growth, make the growing environment " it's like spring all the year round " without rattan grape, the further quick growth promoted without rattan grape, improve and on real soil, carry out the output of planting without rattan grape, what solve that people think for a long time cannot carry out plantation grape on barren hard real soil, cannot improve vintage and ensure the technical barrier of grape quality.

3. compare test by adopting golden finger to carry out plantation without rattan grape with traditional golden finger without rattan grape cultivation method and the present invention, the mu number of plantation is 1 mu; At plantation First Year, grape stem stalk diameter of the present invention reaches 2-2.1cm, and the grape stem stalk diameter of traditional cultivation method reaches 2.5-2.7cm; At Second Year, grape stem stalk diameter of the present invention reaches 3.1-3.7cm, and the grape stem stalk diameter of traditional cultivation method reaches 3.0-3.6cm; In the 3rd year, grape stem stalk diameter of the present invention reached 4.1-4.5cm, and the grape stem stalk diameter of traditional cultivation method reaches 3.5-4.2cm; In the 3rd year, the output of the average every strain grape seedlings of the present invention was 12kg, and the output of the average every strain grape seedlings of tradition is 8.5kg; Annual labor management expends time in, and the operating time of the present invention is 2500-3100h, and traditional MIN management expends time in as 2600-2950h; Saccharinity determining, sugar content of the present invention can reach 25.95%, traditional sugar content reaches 26.05%, as can be seen here, the present invention is compared with traditional cultivating technology, and namely effect is substantially similar, and the sturdy degree of stem stalk even in the 3rd year is also more excellent, strain output is more excellent, solves the technical problem that the daily barren soil thought of people is difficult to reach the low cost plantation grape in fertile soil.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further restriction is done to technical scheme of the present invention, but claimed scope is not only confined to done description.

Embodiment 1

A kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, barren and hard soil carries out dig pit plantation without rattan grape, specifically comprise the following steps:

(1) to dig a pit, hole, etc. plane ditch: be that 20cm carries out digging a pit, hole, etc. and processes according to the distance between grape strain and spacing in the rows on solid soil, hole adopts radius to be the circular pit of 10cm, and hole is 30cm deeply, and using transmeridional two row holes as furrow, and in the middle of furrow, dig three, ditch, ditch depth 10cm, furrow width 3cm;

(2) base soil preparation: get raw material components and weight be 3g phosphoamide, 3g oxalic acid, 10g sucrose stalk, 15g maize straw, 10g straw, 10g pine needle, 50g sawdust face, 70g rice bran, 30g Chinese medicine slag, 20g animal excretion, river sand 40g, 40g contain the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 30g and suitable quantity of water;

Its preparation method is that river sand to be ground into 120 orders stand-by; Maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle by proportioning co-grinding to 130 order, and are added sawdust face and rice bran in proportion, after stirring, adds water, make its water content reach 35%, ferment stand-by; Phosphoamide, oxalic acid, flyash are added in animal excretion according to proportioning successively, and after stirring, add water, when making its water content reach 20%, the earth containing more than 70% organic humus is added by proportioning, continue to be uniformly mixed, and add water to water content and reach 25%, then the mixed material of maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle, sawdust face and rice bran is added, continue to stir, after it mixes, then the river sand crushed is added according to proportioning, base soil can be obtained;

(3) tank hole plantation: adopt base soil first to fill up the 1/3rd dark of hole, hole, the earth of digging pit is adopted to fill out 5cm again, fetch without rattan grape seedlings again, planted with hole, and it is full to be covered to hole with earth of digging pit, and be compacted into stack, pile high 2cm, adopt again moisture be 50% field mud covering surfaces 1cm, plantation completes;

(4) pipe laying insulation: planting on the furrow without rattan grape seedlings, insulating tube buried by two ditches chosen near grape seedlings, intermediate sulcus buries dropping liquid carrier pipe, the diameter of insulating tube and dropping liquid carrier pipe is 2cm, and the middle of two grape seedlingses in left and right installs a spray line and minim pipette on furrow, the sprinkling diameter of spray line is 20cm, and one end of dropping liquid carrier pipe is adopted valve closing, and the other end is connected with minute-pressure pump; Insulating tube is connected with thermal circuit, forms path;

(5) manage: low temperature season adopts insulating tube to carry out hyperthermic treatment to grape base again, and maximum temperature is 35 DEG C, and minimum temperature is 12 DEG C; Close insulating tube at high temperature season, make it meet the temperature of natural conditions; At arid season, the minute-pressure pump of dropping liquid carrier pipe is placed in nutrient solution, conveying nutrient solution carries out 24h continuously drip irrigation grapevine seedling; In desinsection, diseases prevention season, minute-pressure pump is placed in the disinsection prophylaxis liquid prepared, adopts spray line to spray, more conveniently manage.

Described nutrient solution adopts slaked lime, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, sucrose, potassium permanganate (in g), and to add 1g zinc, 2g selenium and 3g Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to the proportions of 1:1:1:3:1, add water and be mixed with the solution that concentration is 55%.

Described Chinese medicine slag is pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae, dandelion, bighead atractylodes rhizome equal proportion mix, and by filter residue that decoction obtains for three times.

The tpn solution of described disinsection prophylaxis liquid to be concentration be 300PPM.

Embodiment 2

A kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, barren and hard soil carries out dig pit plantation without rattan grape, specifically comprise the following steps:

(1) to dig a pit, hole, etc. plane ditch: be that 20cm carries out digging a pit, hole, etc. and processes according to the distance between grape strain and spacing in the rows on solid soil, hole adopts radius to be the circular pit of 10cm, and hole is 40cm deeply, and using transmeridional two row holes as furrow, and in the middle of furrow, dig three, ditch, ditch depth 10cm, furrow width 4cm;

(2) base soil preparation: get raw material components and weight be 5g phosphoamide, 7g oxalic acid, 15g sucrose stalk, 20g maize straw, 15g straw, 30g pine needle, 60g sawdust face, 80g rice bran, 50g Chinese medicine slag, 30g animal excretion, river sand 50g, 80g contain the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 40g and suitable quantity of water;

Its preparation method is that river sand to be ground into 120 orders stand-by; Maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle by proportioning co-grinding to 130 order, and are added sawdust face and rice bran in proportion, after stirring, adds water, make its water content reach 35%, ferment stand-by; Phosphoamide, oxalic acid, flyash are added in animal excretion according to proportioning successively, and after stirring, add water, when making its water content reach 20%, the earth containing more than 70% organic humus is added by proportioning, continue to be uniformly mixed, and add water to water content and reach 25%, then the mixed material of maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle, sawdust face and rice bran is added, continue to stir, after it mixes, then the river sand crushed is added according to proportioning, base soil can be obtained;

(3) tank hole plantation: adopt base soil first to fill up the 1/3rd dark of hole, hole, the earth of digging pit is adopted to fill out 10cm again, fetch without rattan grape seedlings again, planted with hole, and it is full to be covered to hole with earth of digging pit, and be compacted into stack, pile high 3cm, adopt again moisture be 50% field mud covering surfaces 1cm, plantation completes;

(4) pipe laying insulation: planting on the furrow without rattan grape seedlings, insulating tube buried by two ditches chosen near grape seedlings, intermediate sulcus buries dropping liquid carrier pipe, the diameter of insulating tube and dropping liquid carrier pipe is 2cm, and the middle of two grape seedlingses in left and right installs a spray line and minim pipette on furrow, the sprinkling diameter of spray line is 20cm, and one end of dropping liquid carrier pipe is adopted valve closing, and the other end is connected with minute-pressure pump; Insulating tube is connected with thermal circuit, forms path;

(5) manage: low temperature season adopts insulating tube to carry out hyperthermic treatment to grape base again, and maximum temperature is 35 DEG C, and minimum temperature is 12 DEG C; Close insulating tube at high temperature season, make it meet the temperature of natural conditions; At arid season, the minute-pressure pump of dropping liquid carrier pipe is placed in nutrient solution, conveying nutrient solution carries out 24h continuously drip irrigation grapevine seedling; In desinsection, diseases prevention season, minute-pressure pump is placed in the disinsection prophylaxis liquid prepared, adopts spray line to spray, more conveniently manage.

Described nutrient solution adopts slaked lime, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, sucrose, potassium permanganate (in g), and to add 2g zinc, 3g selenium and 7g Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to the proportions of 1:1:1:3:1, add water and be mixed with the solution that concentration is 55%.

The tpn solution of described disinsection prophylaxis liquid to be concentration be 300PPM.

Described Chinese medicine slag is pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae, dandelion, bighead atractylodes rhizome equal proportion mix, and by filter residue that decoction obtains for three times.

Embodiment 3

A kind of without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, on the basis of embodiment 1, described base soil raw material components and weight thereof are 4g phosphoamide, 5g oxalic acid, 13g sucrose stalk, 18g maize straw, 12g straw, 20g pine needle, 55g sawdust face, 75g rice bran, 40g Chinese medicine slag, 25g animal excretion, river sand 45g, 60g contain the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 35g and suitable quantity of water, and other steps are with embodiment 1.

It is important to point out at this: above embodiment is only limitted to do further explaination to technique effect of the present invention; can not be interpreted as and do further restriction to technical scheme of the present invention, the unsubstantiality feature that those skilled in the art makes on the basis of the above or the technical scheme that non-significant is improved still belong to the present invention and protect category.

Claims (5)

1. without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, it is characterized in that, barren and hard soil carry out dig pit plantation without rattan grape, specifically comprise the following steps:

(1) to dig a pit, hole, etc. plane ditch: be that 20cm carries out digging a pit, hole, etc. and processes according to the distance between grape strain and strain on solid soil, hole adopts radius to be the circular pit of 10cm, and hole is 30-40cm deeply, and using transmeridional two row holes as furrow, and in the middle of furrow, dig three, ditch, ditch depth 10cm, furrow width 3-4cm;

(2) base soil preparation: get raw material components and weight portion be 3-5 part phosphoamide, 3-7 part oxalic acid, 10-15 part sucrose stalk, 15-20 part maize straw, 10-15 part straw, 10-30 part pine needle, 50-60 part sawdust face, 70-80 part rice bran, 30-50 part Chinese medicine slag, 20-30 part animal excretion, river sand 40-50 part, 40-80 part contains the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 30-40 part and suitable quantity of water;

Its preparation method is that river sand to be ground into 120 orders stand-by; Maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle by proportioning co-grinding to 130 order, and are added sawdust face and rice bran in proportion, after stirring, adds water, make its water content reach 35%, ferment stand-by; Phosphoamide, oxalic acid, flyash are added in animal excretion according to proportioning successively, and after stirring, add water, when making its water content reach 20%, the earth containing more than 70% organic humus is added by proportioning, continue to be uniformly mixed, and add water to water content and reach 25%, then the mixed material of maize straw, sucrose stalk, straw, pine needle, sawdust face and rice bran is added, continue to stir, after it mixes, then the river sand crushed is added according to proportioning, base soil can be obtained;

(3) tank hole plantation: adopt base soil first to fill up the 1/3rd dark of hole, hole, the earth of digging pit is adopted to fill out 5-10cm again, fetch without rattan grape seedlings again, planted in hole, and it is full to be covered to hole with earth of digging pit, and be compacted into stack, pile high 2-3cm, adopt again moisture be 50% field mud covering surfaces 1cm, plantation completes;

(4) pipe laying insulation: planting on the furrow without rattan grape seedlings, insulating tube buried by two ditches chosen near grape seedlings, intermediate sulcus buries dropping liquid carrier pipe, the diameter of insulating tube and dropping liquid carrier pipe is 2cm, and the middle of two grape seedlingses in left and right installs a spray line and minim pipette on furrow, the sprinkling diameter of spray line is 20cm, and one end of dropping liquid carrier pipe is adopted valve closing, and the other end is connected with minute-pressure pump; Insulating tube is connected with thermal circuit, forms path;

(5) manage: adopt insulating tube to carry out hyperthermic treatment to grape base at low temperature season, maximum temperature is 35 DEG C, and minimum temperature is 12 DEG C; Close insulating tube at high temperature season, make it meet the temperature of natural conditions; At arid season, the minute-pressure pump of dropping liquid carrier pipe is placed in nutrient solution, conveying nutrient solution carries out 24h continuously drip irrigation grapevine seedling; In desinsection, diseases prevention season, minute-pressure pump is placed in the disinsection prophylaxis liquid prepared, adopts spray line to spray, more conveniently manage.

2. as claimed in claim 1 without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, it is characterized in that: described base soil raw material components and weight portion thereof are 4 parts of phosphoamides, 5 parts of oxalic acid, 13 parts of sucrose stalks, 18 parts of maize straws, 12 parts of straw, 20 parts of pine needles, 55 parts of sawdust faces, 75 parts of rice brans, 40 parts of Chinese medicine slags, 25 parts of animal excretions, river sand 45 parts, 60 parts contain the earth of more than 70% organic humus, the flyash of 35 parts and suitable quantity of water.

3. as claimed in claim 1 without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, it is characterized in that: described nutrient solution adopts slaked lime, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, sucrose, potassium permanganate according to the proportions of 1:1:1:3:1, and add 1-2 part zinc, 2-3 part selenium and 3-7 part Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, add water and be mixed with the solution that concentration is 55%.

4. as claimed in claim 1 without the native cultivation method of rattan grape reality, it is characterized in that: the tpn solution of described disinsection prophylaxis liquid to be concentration be 300PPM.

5. as claimed in claim 1 without the real native cultivation method of rattan grape, it is characterized in that: described Chinese medicine slag is pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae, dandelion, bighead atractylodes rhizome equal proportion mix, and by the filter residue of decoction three acquisitions.