CN103985941B - The adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene - Google Patents
The adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103985941B CN103985941B CN201310063113.1A CN201310063113A CN103985941B CN 103985941 B CN103985941 B CN 103985941B CN 201310063113 A CN201310063113 A CN 201310063113A CN 103985941 B CN103985941 B CN 103985941B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- circular waveguide
- waveguide
- layer graphene
- module
- graphene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene, its structure includes input, output par, c, it is used in the circular waveguide of microwave frequency band, perpendicular to the multi-layer graphene module of the microwave signal direction of propagation in circular waveguide, the solenoid module of an offer magnetic field bias being nested with outside circular waveguide is constituted.Multi-layer graphene module is that the multi-disc single-layer graphene film arranged by interior parallel is constituted, and solenoid module can control the power of applied bias magnetostatic field by the size of control electric current.The isolation of isolator of the present invention is less than 30dB in working frequency range, therefore with good isolation characteristic.And can by change be passed through solenoid current direction change isolation direction.Simple and compact for structure, small volume of the invention, it is easily integrated, control is simple, faraday's formula isolator easy to use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to faraday's formula isolator that microwave technical field is used, more particularly to new material Graphene.
Background technology
In microwave system, isolator can be referred to as isolator again, as the term suggests electromagnetic wave is propagated in this kind of device
Can only be propagated to direction, in forward-propagating, its decay is smaller, decays in the reverse transfer of isolator larger, using every
The one-way transmission of signal can be realized from device.Faraday's formula isolator refers to be imitated using the Faraday rotation of some special materials
Answer to make isolator, plane of polarization is produced when typically being propagated in the ferrite bar of longitudinal magnetization using electromagnetic wave in conventional art
The isolator that raw rotation is made.For some to the tetchy Transmission system of close echo, such as between radar equipment level isolation and certain
A little duplex systems etc., isolator is all essential device.The core component of faraday's formula isolator can exactly make electromagnetic wave
The material of angular deflection is produced, therefore the selection of its material can directly influence the service behaviour of whole system.
The general making based on the traditional materials such as ferrite of faraday's formula isolator for being used in microwave frequency band now, profit
The gyromagnetic effect that is showed under D.C. magnetic field and microwave field collective effect with Ferrite Material makes isolator.Traditional base
Needing to load ferrite bar and quarter wave plate in circular waveguide in ferritic circulator, and need one to produce
The part of isolation effect is constituted.Its structure is relatively complicated, and volume is also corresponding larger, and manufacture craft is relatively complicated, work
Frequency band is narrow, and power capacity is low, is used in millimere-wave band.
The carbon atom that Graphene is intensive by one layer, be wrapped in honeycomb crystal lattice is constituted, with bi-dimensional cellular shape
Lattice structure, is the Two Dimensional Free state atomic crystal of the unique presence having now been found that.The research of Graphene started from for 20th century earliest
The seventies, Geim and Novoselov in 2004 etc. with graphite as raw material, by micromechanical forces stripping method from high starch breeding
Graphene is peeled off in success, and its thickness is only one layer of carbon atom thickness (0.35nm), is two-dimensional material most thin in the world, and have
Many physical electronic characteristics, such as：Excellent heat conductivility, excellent electric conductivity and high carrier mobility etc., and be current
Intensity highest material in known materials.With the Highgrade integration and micro-scale of electronic device, the transport behavior of electronics
No longer there is macroscopic statistics attribute, quantum effect starts to manifest, and the fluctuation of carrier and quantum phase transitions will accordingly be occupied predominantly
Position, therefore conventional microelectronic device will face big challenge.The excellent electromagnetic property of Graphene meets the requirement of the development,
Microwave device field has wide practical use.Recently as the raising of Graphene production technique, the Graphene of large scale
Thin slice is successfully made so that Graphene is possibly realized in the application of microwave frequency band, the microwave device based on Graphene
Part research turns into one of international study hotspot.
In the case of magnetic field bias, its electrical conductivity is anisotropy to Graphene, when microwave signal is incident, can produce method
Drawing rotation effect, i.e. transmitted wave will occur the rotation of certain angle relative to incidence wave polarization direction.In summary characteristic,
So that Graphene turns into the ideal material of manufacture faraday's formula isolator.Faraday's formula isolator based on grapheme material has
The advantages of simple and compact for structure, volume is relatively small, thermal conductivity is strong, while being conducive to the integrated of device.
The faraday's formula isolator based on Graphene, can not only realize that isolation within the specific limits may be used in the present invention
Adjust, its isolation direction again may be by changing magnetic direction and control, magnetic direction is by changing the direction of solenoid current
To change；And this kind of isolator compared with conventional separators have it is simple and compact for structure, be easily integrated the excellent spy such as strong with thermal diffusivity
Property, disclosure satisfy that the requirement of HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES device miniaturization, in can be widely applied to microwave system.
The content of the invention
Microwave regime is applied to it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, its positive loss is smaller, and reverse transfer has
Compared with lossy, and isolate with service band wider, simple and compact for structure, small volume and the faraday's formula being easily integrated
Device.
Realizing technical solution of the invention is：
Isolator described in this patent works in circular waveguide and rectangular waveguide using structures such as circular waveguide and rectangular waveguides
Under main mould, its structure is specifically included：The circular waveguide of one working frequency in microwave frequency band, as the load of microwave signal transmission
Body；Multi-layer graphene module, the rotation of certain angle is produced in the module by signal；Input/output module, the module is a rectangle
Waveguide and rectangle-circular waveguide converter are constituted, and rectangle-circular waveguide converter couples together rectangular waveguide and circular waveguide；It is outside
Solenoid, with provide one biasing magnetostatic field.
Multi-layer graphene module is placed perpendicular to the direction of propagation of ripple in above-mentioned circular waveguide, the module is directly closely inserted
Enter in circular waveguide wall.Multi-layer graphene module is that the multi-disc single-layer graphene film arranged by interior parallel is constituted, and is made whole
System has preferable physical characteristic.At additional one under conditions of the magnetostatic field of graphene film, microwave signal is saturating
Penetrate the deflection that certain angle can be produced during by graphene film.Multi-layer graphene module is arranged in parallel using multi-disc single-layer graphene
Constituted, because electromagnetic wave can occur the deflection of certain angle when single-layer graphene film is transmitted through, due to the deflection angle
Degree is smaller to be insufficient for design requirement, so in the form of multiple-layer stacked, to reach the requirement of design.
Input-output section all uses rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide and middle circular waveguide to use rectangle-circular waveguide converter
Losslessly couple together.It is in 45 degree of angles between input rectangular waveguide and output rectangular waveguide.
A solenoid for offer bias magnetic field is nested with the outside of above-mentioned circular waveguide, solenoid skeleton is directly nested with circle
Waveguide external, is wound with the coil that the wire of multilayer is constituted on solenoid skeleton.Solenoid is powered can produce magnetic field, therefore
The power of applied bias magnetostatic field can be controlled by the power of control electric current.
The circular waveguide for being used works in its main mould TE11Under pattern, rectangular waveguide works in its main mould TE10Pattern
Under, the conversion between both patterns is realized by rectangle-circular waveguide converter.
The core material that electromagnetic wave deflects can be made to instead of traditional ferrite using Graphene in the present invention
Material, mainly significantly advantage is：
1st, simple and compact for structure, small volume, be easily integrated, using new material Graphene can eliminate two piece four/
One wavelength plate；
2nd, placed in angle of 45 degrees using between the rectangular waveguide of input-output section, eliminate the part for isolating；
3rd, control it is simple, it is easy to use, the isolation direction of isolator can by change be passed through solenoid current direction come
Control.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of faraday formula isolator of the present invention based on Graphene；
The angle anglec of rotation that multi-layer graphene module is produced in Fig. 2 working frequency range；
Decay in Fig. 3 working frequency range during positive transmission；
Decay in Fig. 4 working frequency range during reverse transfer；
Isolation in Fig. 5 working frequency range.
Contain in above picture：
1：Importation；1a：First rectangular waveguide；1b：First rectangle-circular waveguide converter；2：Output par, c；2a：The
Two rectangular waveguides；2b：Second rectangle-circular waveguide converter；3：Multi-layer graphene module；4 circular waveguides；5 solenoids.
Specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect for making present invention realization are easy to understand, with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated.
Specific implementation：
Present example working frequency range is set to 1.8GHz to 2.2GHz, and mode of operation is the main mould propagated in circular waveguide
TE11The main mould TE of transmission in pattern and rectangular waveguide10Mould, its direction of an electric field and direction of wave travel are vertical, in the direction of propagation of ripple
Without electric field component.A magnetostatic field biasing is added in multi-layer graphene module section, biased magnetic field strength is 0.35T.
Present example structure is as shown in figure 1, dimensional units are all millimeter (mm).It is main by importation, output par, c,
Circular waveguide, multi-layer graphene module and solenoid are constituted.
Wherein importation 1 is made up of the first rectangular waveguide 1a and the first rectangle-circular waveguide converter 1b, output par, c 2
It is made up of the second rectangular waveguide 2a and the second rectangle-circular waveguide converter 2b, is particular in that the first rectangular waveguide 1a
And second have 45 degree of angle between rectangular waveguide 2a.The length of side long of the first rectangular waveguide 1a and the second rectangular waveguide 2a
109.22mm, short side 54.61mm thickness long is about 4mm or so, the first rectangle-rectangles of circular waveguide converter 1b and second-circle ripple
The length for leading converter 2b is set to 100mm.
The wherein two ends of circular waveguide 4 connection the first rectangle-circular waveguide converter 1b and the second rectangle-circular waveguide converter 2b,
The interior diameter of circular waveguide is that 114.58mm thickness and the first rectangular waveguide 1a are suitable.
At the inside center of circular waveguide, perpendicular to the direction of propagation of ripple, multi-layer graphene module is placed.The module by
14 single-layer graphene films are constituted, wherein interval 3mm is placed in parallel per two panels.Placement order is as follows：It is with circular waveguide center
Starting point, places 1 to the left at 1.5mm, also place a piece of at 1.5mm to the right, is so sequentially placed 6, every two to from left to right again
Spacing is 3mm between piece.
Operation principle of the invention is as follows：
Whole system of the invention can be approximate in addition to multi-layer graphene module be considered a lossless transmission medium,
The electromagnetic wave of 1.8GHz to 2.2GHz frequencies can be losslessly transmitted in the whole Wave guide system designed more than.
The TE in the first rectangular waveguide of importation 1a in forward direction transmission10The electromagnetic wave of mould is entered into system, and is passed through
First rectangle-circular waveguide converter 1b is entered into circular waveguide, TE10Mould is also converted into the main mould TE in circular waveguide11Mould.In circle
In waveguide during transmission due to the effect of multi-layer graphene module after so that at this moment TE11Mould and without multi-layer graphene
The TE of module11There is one 45 degree of angle between mould.Due to output par, c the second rectangular waveguide 2a and importation first
It is in 45 degree between rectangular waveguide 1a, so the direction of an electric field is identical with output par, c, can be with less fading transmission.
During reverse transfer, electromagnetic wave is conducted from output par, c to importation, and same electromagnetic wave can pass through
Second rectangular waveguide 2a is entered into circular waveguide into system and by modular converter, can be deflected just after multi-layer graphene
To the angle and direction as transmission, but due to exporting the angle for having 45 degree originally with importation, plus by Multi-layer graphite
45 degree of angles that alkene effect is produced, so the direction of an electric field of the electromagnetic wave of output and importation are almost mutually perpendicular to portion, therefore
Larger decay can be produced.
Because the yawing moment of multi-layer graphene is only relevant with magnetic direction, so if necessary to change input/output port
Magnetic direction need to only be inverted, i.e., by changing the additional solenoidal sense of current.
Fig. 2 represents that electromagnetic wave entered angular deflection produced during multi-layer graphene module, it is seen that rotated about in 2GHz
Angle is about near 45 degree.Fig. 3 represents transmission attenuation during positive transmission in working frequency range, it is seen that total decay is in 2 to 3dB
Between, decay and little.Transmission attenuation when Fig. 4 is reverse transfer in working frequency range, its decay is nearly all greater than 40dB, declines
Subtract larger it is believed that signal can not be transmitted.Fig. 5 is the curve of the isolation of system degree, it is seen that isolation is small in working frequency range
In -30dB, so the present invention has good isolation characteristic.
Claims (1)
1. the adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic of Graphene is based on, it is characterised in that including：Importation (1), by the first rectangle
Waveguide (1a) and the first rectangle-circular waveguide converter (1b) are constituted；Output par, c (2) is by the second rectangular waveguide (2a) and the second square
Shape-circular waveguide converter (2b) is constituted；Multi-layer graphene module (3)；Circular waveguide (4)；Solenoid (5)；Importation (1) and defeated
Going out between part (2) has 45 degree of angle；Multi-layer graphene module (3) is mutually hung down with the interior microwave signal direction of propagation of circular waveguide (4)
Directly；The length of side 109.22mm long of the first rectangular waveguide (1a) and the second rectangular waveguide (2a), short side 54.61mm long, thickness is
The length of 4mm, the first rectangle-circular waveguide converter (1b) and the second rectangle-circular waveguide converter (2b) is set to 100mm；It is many
Layer graphene module (3) is made up of 14 single-layer graphene films, wherein interval 3mm is placed in parallel per two panels, placement order is such as
Under：The interior diameter of circular waveguide (4) is 114.58mm, and thickness and the first rectangular waveguide (1a) are quite；With circular waveguide (4) center as rise
Point, places 1 to the left at 1.5mm, also place a piece of at 1.5mm to the right, is so sequentially placed 6 to from left to right again, per two panels
Between spacing be 3mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310063113.1A CN103985941B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | The adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310063113.1A CN103985941B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | The adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103985941A CN103985941A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| CN103985941B true CN103985941B (en) | 2017-06-20 |
Family
ID=51277831
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310063113.1A Expired - Fee Related CN103985941B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | The adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103985941B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112103602B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第九研究所 | Broadband high-frequency Faraday isolator |
| CN112770475B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-06-30 | 湖南华创医疗科技有限公司 | Power-adjustable waveguide device, accelerator comprising same and adjusting method thereof |
| CN113809496B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第九研究所 | Miniaturized broadband high-frequency isolator |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1020250A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1998-01-23 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Multistage optical isolator |
| US6091866A (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-07-18 | Cheng; Yihao | Optical isolator |
| CN101089667A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-19 | Jds尤尼弗思公司 | Multi-stage optical isolator |
-
2013
- 2013-02-07 CN CN201310063113.1A patent/CN103985941B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1020250A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1998-01-23 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Multistage optical isolator |
| US6091866A (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2000-07-18 | Cheng; Yihao | Optical isolator |
| CN101089667A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-19 | Jds尤尼弗思公司 | Multi-stage optical isolator |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Gyrotropy and Nonreciprocity of Graphene for Microwave Applications;Dimitrios L. Sounas and Christophe Caloz;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES》;20120430;第60卷(第4期);第910-911页，附图12 * |
| Proceedings of the IEE-Part B:Radio and Electronic Engineering;P. E. LJUNG;《 Proceedings of the IEE-Part B:Radio and Electronic Engineering》;19571231;第104卷(第6期);第362-363页，附图1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103985941A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wang et al. | Wireless power transfer: Metamaterials and array of coupled resonators | |
| Apaydin et al. | Experimental validation of frozen modes guided on printed coupled transmission lines | |
| CN104577281B (en) | Ferritic microwave isolator is loaded based on substrate integration wave-guide | |
| CN202633488U (en) | Resonance type substrate integrated waveguide power synthesizer | |
| CN103996905B (en) | The controlled multifunction microwave device of a kind of polarization | |
| JP2009543483A (en) | Emulation of anisotropic media in transmission lines | |
| Apaydin et al. | Nonreciprocal and magnetically scanned leaky-wave antenna using coupled CRLH lines | |
| CN103985941B (en) | The adjustable faraday's formula isolator of magnetic based on Graphene | |
| CN106992346A (en) | A kind of Millimeter Wave Rectangular Wave cavity body filter with dual transfer zero | |
| CN102498611A (en) | Multiferroic materials for tunable permittivity or permeability | |
| CN108682928A (en) | A kind of radio communication circulator and isolator | |
| CN109471275A (en) | A kind of three port photon crystal rings row devices | |
| US8427254B2 (en) | Ferrite phase shifter and automatic matching apparatus | |
| Afshani et al. | Nonreciprocal mode converting waveguide and circulator | |
| JP2010074790A (en) | Communication body and coupler | |
| Wu et al. | Novel ultra‐compact two‐dimensional waveguide‐based metasurface for electromagnetic coupling reduction of microstrip antenna array | |
| Wang et al. | Compact 60 GHz low‐temperature cofired ceramic filter with quasi‐elliptic bandpass response | |
| CN105914439B (en) | The face the substrate integration wave-guide H automatic biasing isolator of soft magnetism nano-wire array | |
| Henin et al. | Compact planar microstrip crossover for beamforming networks | |
| CN202111205U (en) | Planar integrated waveguide circulator with T-shaped ports | |
| Wu et al. | Design of triple‐band and triplex slot antenna using triple‐mode cavity resonator | |
| Zeng et al. | Nonreciprocal Electromagnetically Induced Unidirectional Absorption Based on the Quasi-Periodic Metastructure and Its Application for Permittivity Sensing | |
| CN106972226A (en) | One kind miniaturization ferrite phase shifter | |
| RU148695U1 (en) | MICROWAVE FERRITE X-CIRCULATOR | |
| US3212028A (en) | Gyromagnetic isolator with low reluctance material within single ridge and fluid coolant adjacent waveguide |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170620 Termination date: 20180207 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |