CN103983830B - The device of a kind of automatic monitoring slowdown monitoring switch type surge protector afterflow - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流的装置，包括续流取样与限幅模块、极性转换与隔离放大模块、有源滤波模块、信号处理与显示模块。本发明能够用来实时监测开关型电涌保护器的工作状态，自动记录动作的时间、次数及续流的大小；同时通过记录的数据能够判断线路中出现过电压的情况，根据气象条件判断是操作过电压还是雷电过电压，并通过记录的数据对供电故障进行分析。
The invention discloses a device for automatically monitoring the freewheeling of a switch-type surge protector, which comprises a freewheeling sampling and amplitude limiting module, a polarity conversion and isolation amplification module, an active filter module, and a signal processing and display module. The invention can be used to monitor the working state of the switch-type surge protector in real time, and automatically record the time, frequency and size of the freewheeling operation; at the same time, the recorded data can be used to judge the occurrence of overvoltage in the line, and judge whether it is according to the meteorological conditions. Operational overvoltage or lightning overvoltage, and analyze power supply faults through recorded data.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流的装置，属于雷电科学与技术领域。The invention relates to a device for automatically monitoring the freewheeling flow of a switch-type surge protector, which belongs to the field of lightning science and technology.
背景技术Background technique
GB5007-2010建筑物防雷设计规范中规定，在雷电流引入的总配电箱处应安装级试验的电涌保护器。电涌保护器的电压保护水平值应小于或等于2.5kV。每一保护模式的冲击电流值，当无法确定时，冲击电流应取等于或大于12.5kA。级试验电涌保护器的结构，采用间隙结构，间隙结构电涌保护器存在续流问题，续流是指冲击放电电流以后，由电源系统流入电涌保护器的电流。电涌保护器安装在电网电路中，续流实际上就是工频短路电流，这就要求开关型电涌保护器要具有自动断开续流的能力。如果出现续流时间较长或电流过大，可能会导致输电线路的自动跳闸断电现象，甚至导致火灾、爆炸等事故。According to GB5007-2010 Code for Lightning Protection Design of Buildings, the main distribution box where the lightning current is introduced should be installed Grade-tested surge protectors. The voltage protection level value of the surge protector should be less than or equal to 2.5kV. The surge current value of each protection mode, when it cannot be determined, the surge current should be equal to or greater than 12.5kA. The structure of the first-level test surge protector adopts a gap structure, and the gap structure surge protector has the problem of freewheeling. The freewheeling refers to the current flowing into the surge protector from the power supply system after the impact discharge current. The surge protector is installed in the power grid circuit, and the freewheeling current is actually a power frequency short-circuit current, which requires the switch-type surge protector to have the ability to automatically disconnect the freewheeling current. If the freewheeling time is long or the current is too large, it may cause automatic tripping and power failure of the transmission line, and even cause accidents such as fire and explosion.
因此，当开关型电涌保护器安装在输电线路中时，进行续流的监测，可以对其的工作状态进行准确的了解判断。开关型电涌保护器的工作要有较高的过电压作用下，一旦工作后，两端的电压很低，当线路电压超过两端的导通电压时，就会出现续流现象。自动检测开关型电涌保护器续流装置能够实时的监测开关型电涌保护器工作情况，根据记录的数据能够判断该线路中过电压的工作情况，对供电线路中出现的事故，可以根据记录的数据进行分析，并且该装置能够自动记录电涌保护器的工作的时间、次数以及产生续流的大小。如果线路中有雷击事故，可以根据记录的数据对雷击事故进行分析评估。目前，开关型电涌保护器续流的大小只是在实验室里进行模拟测试，实际在线路中产生的续流大小还没有实际测试过。因此，发明该装置用于对开关型电涌保护器的线路实时监测。Therefore, when the switch-type surge protector is installed in the transmission line, the continuous current monitoring can accurately understand and judge its working state. The switch-type surge protector must work under the action of high overvoltage. Once it works, the voltage at both ends is very low. When the line voltage exceeds the conduction voltage at both ends, freewheeling phenomenon will occur. The freewheeling device for automatic detection of switch-type surge protectors can monitor the working conditions of switch-type surge protectors in real time, and can judge the working conditions of overvoltage in the line according to the recorded data. The data is analyzed, and the device can automatically record the working time, times and the size of the freewheeling current of the surge protector. If there is a lightning accident on the line, the lightning accident can be analyzed and evaluated according to the recorded data. At present, the size of the freewheeling current of the switch-type surge protector is only simulated in the laboratory, and the actual freewheeling current generated in the line has not been actually tested. Therefore, the device was invented for real-time monitoring of the circuit of the switch type surge protector.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流的装置，用来实时监测开关型电涌保护器的工作状态，自动记录动作的时间、次数及续流的大小；同时通过记录的数据能够判断线路中出现过电压的情况，根据气象条件判断是操作过电压还是雷电过电压，并通过记录的数据对供电故障进行分析。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for automatically monitoring the freewheeling of switch-type surge protectors, which is used to monitor the working status of switch-type surge protectors in real time, and automatically record the time, frequency and size of freewheeling of the actions ; At the same time, the recorded data can be used to judge the occurrence of overvoltage in the line, judge whether it is an operating overvoltage or a lightning overvoltage according to the meteorological conditions, and analyze the power supply failure through the recorded data.
本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案：The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the problems of the technologies described above:
本发明提供一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流的装置，包括续流取样与限幅模块、极性转换与隔离放大模块、有源滤波模块和信号处理与显示模块；The invention provides a device for automatically monitoring the freewheeling of a switch-type surge protector, which includes a freewheeling sampling and amplitude limiting module, a polarity conversion and isolation amplification module, an active filter module, and a signal processing and display module;
当线路中出现过电压时，续流取样与限幅模块对电涌保护器产生的续流进行取样，并对取样的电压信号进行限幅；极性转换与隔离放大模块对限幅后的电压信号依次进行极性转换和隔离放大；有源滤波模块将隔离放大后的电压信号中的高次谐波信号滤除；信号处理与显示模块对滤波后的电压信号进行处理，将计算出的电流值进行存储及显示；When an overvoltage occurs in the line, the freewheeling sampling and limiting module samples the freewheeling current generated by the surge protector, and limits the sampled voltage signal; the polarity conversion and isolation amplifier module samples the limited voltage The signal undergoes polarity conversion and isolation amplification in sequence; the active filter module filters out the high-order harmonic signal in the isolated and amplified voltage signal; the signal processing and display module processes the filtered voltage signal, and the calculated current Values are stored and displayed;
同时，极性转换与隔离放大模块还向信号处理与显示模块提供触发信号，信号处理与显示模块在接收到触发信号后延时进行信号采集，并记录触发信号的时间及次数。At the same time, the polarity conversion and isolation amplification module also provides a trigger signal to the signal processing and display module, and the signal processing and display module delays signal acquisition after receiving the trigger signal, and records the time and times of the trigger signal.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述续流取样与限幅模块包括续流取样电路和限幅电路，其中：As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the freewheeling sampling and limiting module includes a freewheeling sampling circuit and a limiting circuit, wherein:
所述续流取样电路为第一电阻，所述第一电阻串联在电涌保护器的接地线上，用于进行续流取样；The freewheeling sampling circuit is a first resistor, and the first resistor is connected in series with the ground wire of the surge protector for freewheeling sampling;
所述限幅电路包括第二电阻、第三电阻和瞬态抑制二极管；其中，第二电阻的一端与第一电阻的接地端连接，第三电阻的一端与第一电阻的另一端连接，第二电阻的另一端、第三电阻的另一端分别与瞬态抑制二极管的两端连接，形成回路。The limiting circuit includes a second resistor, a third resistor and a transient suppression diode; wherein, one end of the second resistor is connected to the ground end of the first resistor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor, and the second resistor is connected to the ground terminal of the first resistor. The other end of the second resistor and the other end of the third resistor are respectively connected to both ends of the transient suppression diode to form a loop.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述极性转换与隔离放大模块包括极性转换电路和隔离放大电路，所述隔离放大电路为隔离放大器，其中：As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the polarity conversion and isolation amplification module includes a polarity conversion circuit and an isolation amplification circuit, and the isolation amplification circuit is an isolation amplifier, wherein:
所述极性转换电路包括第一二极管至第四二极管和第一电容；其中，第一电容的一端分别与第三电阻与瞬态抑制二极管的公共端、第一二极管的阴极、第二二极管的阳极连接，第一电容的另一端分别与第二电阻与瞬态抑制二极管的公共端、第三二极管的阴极、第四二极管的阳极连接，第二二极管的阴极与第四二极管的阴极连接后输入隔离放大器的一输入端，第一二极管的阳极与第三二极管的阳极连接后输入隔离放大器的另一输入端。The polarity conversion circuit includes the first diode to the fourth diode and a first capacitor; wherein, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the common end of the third resistor and the transient suppression diode, and the first diode respectively. The cathode and the anode of the second diode are connected, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the common end of the second resistor and the transient suppression diode, the cathode of the third diode, and the anode of the fourth diode, and the second The cathode of the diode is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode and input to one input end of the isolation amplifier, and the anode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the third diode to input to the other input end of the isolation amplifier.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述有源滤波模块为有源滤波电路，包括第二电容、第三电容、第四电容、第五电容、第四电阻、第五电阻、第六电阻和有源芯片，其中，第二电容的一端与隔离放大电路的输出端连接，另一端与有源芯片的输出端连接；第六电阻的一端与隔离放大电路的输出端连接，另一端分别与第三电容的一端、有源芯片的反相输入端连接，第三电容的另一端接地，有源芯片的正相输入端与第五电阻串联后接地；第四电阻的一端与有源芯片的正相输入端连接，另一端与有源芯片的输出端连接；有源芯片连接正、负15伏电源，第五电容一端与正15伏连接，另一端接地；第四电容的一端与负15伏连接，另一端接地。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the active filter module is an active filter circuit, including a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and an active source chip, wherein one end of the second capacitor is connected to the output end of the isolation amplifier circuit, and the other end is connected to the output end of the active chip; one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output end of the isolation amplifier circuit, and the other end is respectively connected to the third One end of the capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the active chip, the other end of the third capacitor is grounded, the positive phase input terminal of the active chip is connected in series with the fifth resistor and then grounded; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive phase input terminal of the active chip The input terminal is connected, and the other end is connected with the output terminal of the active chip; the active chip is connected with positive and negative 15 volt power supply, one end of the fifth capacitor is connected with positive 15 volts, and the other end is grounded; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with negative 15 volts , and the other end is grounded.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述信号处理与显示模块包括信号处理电路和显示器，其中：As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the signal processing and display module includes a signal processing circuit and a display, wherein:
所述信号处理电路包括第七电阻、第八电阻、第九电阻、第五二极管和单片机，其中，第七电阻的一端与有源滤波电路中有源芯片的输出端连接，另一端与第八电阻串联后接地；第九电阻的一端与有源滤波电路中有源芯片的输出端连接，另一端分别与第五二极管的阴极、单片机的输入端连接，第五二极管的阳极接地。The signal processing circuit includes the seventh resistor, the eighth resistor, the ninth resistor, the fifth diode and a single-chip microcomputer, wherein one end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output end of the active chip in the active filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the active chip in the active filter circuit. The eighth resistor is connected in series and grounded; one end of the ninth resistor is connected to the output end of the active chip in the active filter circuit, and the other end is respectively connected to the cathode of the fifth diode and the input end of the single-chip microcomputer. The anode is grounded.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述信号处理与显示模块在接收到触发信号后延时进行信号采集的采集时间为一个市电周期20ms。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the signal processing and display module delays signal acquisition after receiving the trigger signal, and the acquisition time is 20 ms per mains cycle.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述信号处理与显示模块在接收到触发信号后延时进行信号采集的延时时间为50μs。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the delay time for the signal processing and display module to delay signal acquisition after receiving the trigger signal is 50 μs.
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme and has the following technical effects:
（1）本发明中采用隔离放大器电路，将取样的高压部分与信号处理的低压部分进行电气隔离，安全性能好，抗干扰能力强；(1) In the present invention, an isolation amplifier circuit is used to electrically isolate the high-voltage part of sampling from the low-voltage part of signal processing, which has good safety performance and strong anti-interference ability;
（2）本发明中续流取样电路采用大功率精密电阻，具有采样信号线性度好，采样精度高的特点；(2) The freewheeling sampling circuit in the present invention adopts a high-power precision resistor, which has the characteristics of good linearity of the sampling signal and high sampling accuracy;
（3）本发明中信号处理电路中采用单片机，信号处理方便，具有将信号存储和实时监测的特点；(3) Single-chip microcomputer is adopted in the signal processing circuit of the present invention, which is convenient for signal processing and has the characteristics of signal storage and real-time monitoring;
（4）本发明电路结构设计简单，成本低，安装方便，工作性能稳定可靠；可以配置不同通流大小的开关型电涌保护器，独立单独安装，应用范围广泛；装置内部设有两路独立的电源电路，使用时直接用市电电网供电，具有绝缘耐高压的特点。(4) The circuit structure of the present invention is simple in design, low in cost, easy to install, and has stable and reliable working performance; switch-type surge protectors with different current sizes can be configured, installed independently, and have a wide range of applications; there are two independent circuits inside the device. The power supply circuit is directly powered by the mains grid when in use, and has the characteristics of insulation and high voltage resistance.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2是本发明的电路原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施方式，所述实施方式的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解的是，除非特意声明，这里使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。应该进一步理解的是，本发明的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或它们的组。应该理解，当我们称元件被“连接”或“耦接”到另一元件时，它可以直接连接或耦接到其他元件，或者也可以存在中间元件。此外，这里使用的“连接”或“耦接”可以包括无线连接或耦接。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的任一单元和全部组合。Those skilled in the art will understand that unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the word "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of said features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, Integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Additionally, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
本技术领域技术人员可以理解的是，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语（包括技术术语和科学术语）具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非像这里一样定义，不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein Explanation.
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
本发明设计一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流的装置，如图1所示，包括续流取样与限幅模块、极性转换与隔离放大模块、有源滤波模块和信号处理与显示模块；The present invention designs a device for automatically monitoring the freewheeling of a switch-type surge protector, as shown in Figure 1, including a freewheeling sampling and limiting module, a polarity conversion and isolation amplification module, an active filter module, and signal processing and display module;
当线路中出现过电压时，续流取样与限幅模块对电涌保护器产生的续流进行取样，并对取样的电压信号进行限幅；极性转换与隔离放大模块对限幅后的电压信号依次进行极性转换和隔离放大；有源滤波模块将隔离放大后的电压信号中的高次谐波信号滤除；信号处理与显示模块对滤波后的电压信号进行处理，将计算出的电流值进行存储及显示；When an overvoltage occurs in the line, the freewheeling sampling and limiting module samples the freewheeling current generated by the surge protector, and limits the sampled voltage signal; the polarity conversion and isolation amplifier module samples the limited voltage The signal undergoes polarity conversion and isolation amplification in sequence; the active filter module filters out the high-order harmonic signal in the isolated and amplified voltage signal; the signal processing and display module processes the filtered voltage signal, and the calculated current Values are stored and displayed;
同时，极性转换与隔离放大模块还向信号处理与显示模块提供触发信号，信号处理与显示模块在接收到触发信号后延时进行信号采集，并记录触发信号的时间及次数。At the same time, the polarity conversion and isolation amplification module also provides a trigger signal to the signal processing and display module, and the signal processing and display module delays signal acquisition after receiving the trigger signal, and records the time and times of the trigger signal.
本发明一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流的装置，其优选实施方案如图2所示。The present invention is a device for automatically monitoring the freewheeling of a switch type surge protector, and its preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 .
所述续流取样与限幅模块包括续流取样电路和限幅电路，其中：The freewheeling sampling and limiting module comprises a freewheeling sampling circuit and a limiting circuit, wherein:
所述续流取样电路为第一电阻R1，所述第一电阻R1串联在电涌保护器的接地线上，用于进行续流取样；The freewheeling sampling circuit is a first resistor R1, and the first resistor R1 is connected in series with the ground wire of the surge protector for freewheeling sampling;
所述限幅电路包括第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3和瞬态抑制二极管TVS1；其中，第二电阻R2的一端与第一电阻R1的接地端连接，第三电阻R3的一端与第一电阻R1的另一端连接，第二电阻R2的另一端、第三电阻R3的另一端分别与瞬态抑制二极管TVS1的两端连接，形成回路；瞬态抑制二极管TVS1用于进行限幅，第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3对续流经过第一电阻R1形成的电势差进行衰减以防止电流过大、提高限幅效果。The limiting circuit includes a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a transient suppression diode TVS1; wherein, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the ground of the first resistor R1, and one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first resistor The other end of R1 is connected, the other end of the second resistor R2 and the other end of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the transient suppression diode TVS1 to form a loop; the transient suppression diode TVS1 is used for limiting, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 attenuate the potential difference formed by freewheeling through the first resistor R1 to prevent excessive current and improve the clipping effect.
所述极性转换与隔离放大模块包括极性转换电路和隔离放大电路，所述隔离放大电路为隔离放大器，其中：The polarity conversion and isolation amplification module includes a polarity conversion circuit and an isolation amplification circuit, and the isolation amplification circuit is an isolation amplifier, wherein:
所述极性转换电路包括第一二极管D1至第四二极管D4和第一电容C1；其中，第一电容C1的一端分别与第三电阻R3与瞬态抑制二极管TVS1的公共端、第一二极管D1的阴极、第二二极管D2的阳极连接，第一电容C1的另一端分别与第二电阻R2与瞬态抑制二极管TVS1的公共端、第三二极管D3的阴极、第四二极管D4的阳极连接，第二二极管D2的阴极与第四二极管D4的阴极连接后输入隔离放大器的一输入端，第一二极管D1的阳极与第三二极管D3的阳极连接后输入隔离放大器的另一输入端；The polarity conversion circuit includes a first diode D1 to a fourth diode D4 and a first capacitor C1; wherein, one end of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the common end of the third resistor R3 and the transient suppression diode TVS1, The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the common end of the second resistor R2 and the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the cathode of the third diode D3 1. The anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and then input to an input terminal of the isolation amplifier, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the third and second The anode of the pole tube D3 is connected to the other input terminal of the isolation amplifier;
第一电容C1为滤波电容，用于对限幅后的信号进行滤波；第一二极管D1至第四二极管D4构成整流电桥，用于将交流信号转换为直流信号，整流电桥的端口2、4将直流信号输出至后级的隔离放大器，完成极性转换功能；隔离放大器对接收到的信号隔离后进行放大处理。The first capacitor C1 is a filter capacitor, which is used to filter the limited signal; the first diode D1 to the fourth diode D4 form a rectifier bridge, which is used to convert the AC signal into a DC signal, and the rectifier bridge Ports 2 and 4 of the port output the DC signal to the isolation amplifier of the subsequent stage to complete the polarity conversion function; the isolation amplifier isolates the received signal and then amplifies it.
所述有源滤波模块为有源滤波电路，包括第二电容C2、第三电容C3、第四电容C4、第五电容C5、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6和有源芯片IC1，其中，第二电容C2的一端与隔离放大电路的输出端连接，另一端与有源芯片IC1的输出端连接；第六电阻R6的一端与隔离放大电路的输出端连接，另一端分别与第三电容C3的一端、有源芯片IC1的反相输入端连接，第三电容C3的另一端接地，有源芯片IC1的正相输入端与第五电阻R5串联后接地；第四电阻R4的一端与有源芯片IC1的正相输入端连接，另一端与有源芯片IC1的输出端连接；有源芯片IC1连接正、负15伏电源，第五电容C5的一端与正15伏连接，另一端接地；第四电容C4的一端与负15伏连接，另一端接地。The active filter module is an active filter circuit, including a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6 and an active Chip IC1, wherein one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the isolation amplifier circuit, and the other end is connected to the output end of the active chip IC1; one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the output end of the isolation amplifier circuit, and the other ends are respectively Connect with one end of the third capacitor C3 and the inverting input end of the active chip IC1, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the positive phase input end of the active chip IC1 is connected in series with the fifth resistor R5 and grounded; the fourth resistor R4 One end of the active chip IC1 is connected to the positive phase input end, and the other end is connected to the output end of the active chip IC1; the active chip IC1 is connected to the positive and negative 15 volt power supply, and one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the positive 15 volts. The other end is grounded; one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to minus 15 volts, and the other end is grounded.
所述信号处理与显示模块包括信号处理电路和显示器，其中：The signal processing and display module includes a signal processing circuit and a display, wherein:
所述信号处理电路包括第七电阻R7、第八电阻R8、第九电阻R9、第五二极管D5和单片机，其中，第七电阻R7的一端与有源滤波电路中有源芯片IC1的输出端连接，另一端与第八电阻R8串联后接地；第九电阻R9的一端与有源滤波电路中有源芯片IC1的输出端连接，另一端分别与第五二极管D5的一端、单片机的输入端连接，第五二极管D5的另一端接地；Described signal processing circuit comprises the 7th resistance R7, the 8th resistance R8, the 9th resistance R9, the 5th diode D5 and single-chip microcomputer, wherein, one end of the 7th resistance R7 is connected with the output of active chip IC1 in the active filter circuit The other end is connected with the eighth resistor R8 in series and grounded; one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the output end of the active chip IC1 in the active filter circuit, and the other end is respectively connected with one end of the fifth diode D5 and the single chip microcomputer. The input end is connected, and the other end of the fifth diode D5 is grounded;
经过有源滤波电路的信号经过单片机处理后，传输至显示器进行显示，完成信号的采集、处理、显示。After the signal of the active filter circuit is processed by the single-chip microcomputer, it is transmitted to the display for display, and the acquisition, processing and display of the signal are completed.
本发明一种自动监测开关型电涌保护器续流装置的工作原理如下：The working principle of an automatic monitoring switch type surge protector freewheeling device of the present invention is as follows:
线路中有雷击过电压或操作过电压时，引起开关型电涌保护器动作。续流取样电阻中当有电流流过时，在其两端形成电压信号。由于当开关型电涌保护器在过电压作用下导通的一瞬间，通流较大可达到几十千安的电流，但是持续时间很短，几十至几百微秒。如果存在续流，续流会继续存在，持续时间为ms数量级，所以电压信号需要经过限幅电路进行限幅。When there is lightning strike overvoltage or operation overvoltage in the line, it will cause the switch type surge protector to operate. When a current flows through the freewheeling sampling resistor, a voltage signal is formed at its two ends. Because when the switch-type surge protector is turned on under the action of overvoltage, the large current can reach tens of kiloamperes, but the duration is very short, tens to hundreds of microseconds. If there is freewheeling, freewheeling will continue to exist, and the duration is on the order of ms, so the voltage signal needs to be limited by a limiting circuit.
限幅后的电压信号经过极性转换电路，将取样的电压信号不管是正极性的还是负极性都将转换为正极性，目的是确保送到信号处理单元的电压信号为正极性的电压信号。正极性取样电压信号送到隔离放大器中进行信号放大，由于开关型电涌保护器动作时，瞬间电流较大，形成很高的过电压，采用绝缘电阻较大的隔离放大器，保证信号处理电路的安全工作。The clipped voltage signal passes through the polarity conversion circuit, and the sampled voltage signal will be converted to positive polarity regardless of whether it is positive or negative. The purpose is to ensure that the voltage signal sent to the signal processing unit is a positive voltage signal. The positive polarity sampling voltage signal is sent to the isolation amplifier for signal amplification. Since the instantaneous current is large when the switch-type surge protector operates, a high overvoltage is formed. An isolation amplifier with a large insulation resistance is used to ensure the signal processing circuit. safe job.
经隔离放大器放大的信号分为两路，一路作为单片机处理电路的触发信号，在单片机处理电路的程序中，只有触发信号时，单片机记录触发时的时间，然后进行信号采集，采集的时间约为20ms，一个市电周期的时间，并且触发信号控制采集电压时，有一个时间的延时约为50μs，当过电压作用后，再进行采集，这时电流值为续流值；另一路信号为续流取样信号，经过有源滤波电路滤除信号中的高次谐波信号后，送到信号处理电路进行信号处理，单片机、记录触发信号时的时间及次数，将取样信号进行处理计算出电流值，进行存储并显示在显示器上。这些记录的数据可以进行调用，用于科研或者其他用途。The signal amplified by the isolation amplifier is divided into two channels, one is used as the trigger signal of the single-chip processing circuit. In the program of the single-chip processing circuit, only when the trigger signal is used, the single-chip computer records the triggering time, and then performs signal acquisition. The acquisition time is about 20ms, the time of one mains power cycle, and when the trigger signal controls the acquisition voltage, there is a time delay of about 50μs. The freewheeling sampling signal is sent to the signal processing circuit for signal processing after the high-order harmonic signal in the signal is filtered by the active filter circuit. The single-chip microcomputer records the time and times of the trigger signal, and processes the sampling signal to calculate the current. value, stored and displayed on the display. The recorded data can be called for scientific research or other purposes.
以上所述，仅为本发明中的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可理解想到的变换或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的包含范围之内，因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific implementation mode in the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technology can understand the conceivable transformation or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of the present invention, therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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