CN103960159A - Chicken house - Google Patents
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- CN103960159A CN103960159A CN201310039150.9A CN201310039150A CN103960159A CN 103960159 A CN103960159 A CN 103960159A CN 201310039150 A CN201310039150 A CN 201310039150A CN 103960159 A CN103960159 A CN 103960159A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chicken house, which comprises a first air vent formed in a wall body, a plurality of exhaust fans arranged on the wall body and at least one second air vent formed in the wall body, wherein a wet curtain is arranged in the first air vent; a water supply device is arranged at the upper end of the wet curtain; a control system for the chicken house is configured to open the second air vent and start the exhaust fans when dry bulb temperature in the chicken house is lower than a first critical value, and to close the second air vent and open the first air vent when the dry bulb temperature in the chicken house rises to the first critical value and relative humidity is lower than a second critical value. Compared with the prior art, the chicken house has the advantages that the second air vent is additionally formed in the wall body, and two ventilation modes are adopted, so that the problem that a heat stress index increases due to the fact of wet curtain-negative pressure cooling under high-temperature and high-humidity weather conditions is solved, the heat stress index is controlled within a range suitable for the growth of chicken, and the production efficiency of the chicken is improved.
Description
Technical field
The broiler breeding field that the present invention relates to livestock breeding, is specifically related to a kind of hen house.
Background technology
In modernization broiler breeding technology, environment control to hen house is most important, environment control is subject to the various factors such as dry-bulb temperature, relative moisture, wind speed, illumination, air quality, but under normal circumstances, the key of the environment control of hen house is dry-bulb temperature control, and ventilating is in general one of basic means of controlling hen house dry-bulb temperature.
Although the method for ventilation that Various Seasonal adopts is had nothing in common with each other, but the major function of ventilating system comprises ventilation and cooling, for example winter ventilation Main Function is ventilation, in time the pernicious gases such as the ammonia in hen house, suspension and carbon monoxide are discharged, summer ventilation Main Function is cooling, cause air-cooled effect by the ventilation that ensures certain wind speed, make chicken reach the sendible temperature of relative comfort, thereby ensure its normal growth.
Wherein, the more employing of summer ventilation " wet curtain-negative-pressure air fan " aeration cooling system, the operation principle of this aeration cooling system is now described in conjunction with Fig. 1, this aeration cooling system is made up of wet curtain 11, water circulation system 12 and fan 13, wherein, wet curtain 11 is arranged in the ventilating opening being opened on hen house one body of wall, water circulation system 12 is arranged at the upper end of wet curtain 11, this system comprises main-supply and be provided with the distributive pipe road that adds wet hole, and fan 13 is installed in the through hole on body of wall relative to wet curtain.
The course of work of above-mentioned " wet curtain-negative-pressure air fan " aeration cooling system is: the water pump of the open water circulatory system 12, current during via distributive pipe road to wet curtain 11 humidifications; While opening fan 13, form negative pressure in hen house, hen house external high temperature air is through the wet curtain 11 of immersion, and humidifying cooling, forms cold wind; Cold wind, by hen house, room residual heat is absorbed, and the indoor relatively hot air after heat exchange is discharged by fan 13, thereby is reached cooling-down effect.In addition, " wet curtain-negative-pressure air fan " aeration cooling system can also play to hen house the effect of humidification.
But hot and humid month during the broiling summer, except dry-bulb temperature, the impact of the growth of relative moisture on chicken also can not be ignored, in this area, adopt heat stress index to embody both impacts for chicken growing environment, heat stress index=dry-bulb temperature+relative moisture.
In general, heat stress index is lower than 150, environment of chicken house is no problem, the 155th, critical condition, the decline of searching for food of 160 chickens, drinking-water increases, production declining, and heat stress index reaches at 165 o'clock and occurs the dead phenomenon of chicken heat, rise to 170 o'clock environment of chicken house and worsen, the quantity of the dead chicken of heat constantly increases.
As can be seen here, dry-bulb temperature and relative moisture affect the effect of environment of chicken house control simultaneously, and only adopt after " wet curtain-negative-pressure air fan " aeration-cooling mode, dry-bulb temperature is minimized but meanwhile causes relative relative moisture too high, finally cause heat stress index too high, cause a large amount of chicken death, reduced the production efficiency of chicken and environment of chicken house is worsened.
In view of this, urgently provide a kind of hen house that is applicable to summer, only adopt " wet curtain-negative-pressure air fan " aeration-cooling mode to solve existing hen house, and cause the problem that in hen house, heat stress index increases.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, core object of the present invention is, a kind of hen house is provided, and by control dry-bulb temperature and the relative moisture in hen house simultaneously, the heat stress index in hen house is controlled in the scope of suitable chicken growth.
A kind of hen house provided by the invention, comprise at least one first ventilating opening being opened on body of wall, in described the first ventilating opening, be provided with wet curtain, described wet curtain upper end is provided with water supply installation, and be arranged at the multiple exhaust blowers on described body of wall, also comprise at least one second ventilating opening being opened on described body of wall; The control system of described hen house is configured to: the dry-bulb temperature in described hen house during lower than the first critical value, is opened described the second ventilating opening and described exhaust blower, forms the first draft type; Described dry-bulb temperature rises to described the first critical value in described hen house, and relative moisture is while being less than the second critical value, closes described the second ventilating opening, opens described the first ventilating opening, forms the second draft type.
Preferably, described body of wall is enclosed and is formed by the first body of wall, the second body of wall, the 3rd body of wall and the 4th body of wall, and wherein, described the first body of wall and described the 3rd body of wall are oppositely arranged with described the second body of wall and described the 4th body of wall respectively.
Preferably, on described the first body of wall, offer entrance, multiple described exhaust blower along continuous straight runs are equally spaced being arranged on described the second body of wall successively, described the first ventilating opening is specially and symmetrical is opened on described the 3rd body of wall and described the 4th body of wall two, and described the 3rd ventilating opening is two groups on described the 3rd body of wall and described the 4th body of wall that are opened in symmetrically.
Preferably, described in every group, the 3rd ventilating opening is specially along continuous straight runs and is equidistantly opened in successively the multiple ventilating openings on body of wall correspondingly.
Preferably, described the first ventilating opening is positioned near described the first body of wall place.
Preferably, described the first critical value is 27.8 DEG C, and described the second critical value is 70%.
Preferably, while adopting described the first draft type, described control system, by regulating the unlatching quantity of described exhaust blower, makes the wind speed at chicken back in described the second ventilating opening and hen house reach respectively the first setting value and the second setting value; While adopting described the second draft type, described control system, by regulating the unlatching quantity of described exhaust blower, makes the wind speed at described chicken back in described the first ventilating opening and described hen house reach respectively the first setting value and the second setting value.
Preferably, described the first setting value is 4m/s, and described the second setting value is 2.5m/s.
Preferably, adopt described the second draft type, described control system is opened described water supply installation, time delay certain hour, and extremely described wet curtain is in soaking into state; Close described water supply installation, time delay certain hour, extremely described wet curtain is in drying regime.
Preferably, the service intermittent mode of water pump is passed through in the opening and closing of described water supply installation, or realizes by switch valve.
Preferably, comprise temperature sensor, relative humidity sensor and pressure sensor, wherein, described temperature sensor is uniformly distributed in described hen house, described relative humidity sensor is suspended in the top of described hen house, and described pressure sensor is arranged at described the first ventilating opening, described the second ventilating opening and described exhaust blower place.
With respect to above-mentioned background technology, hen house provided by the invention, comprise at least one first ventilating opening being opened on body of wall, in this first ventilating opening, be provided with wet curtain, wet curtain upper end is provided with water supply installation, and be arranged at the multiple exhaust blowers on body of wall, also comprise at least one second ventilating opening being opened on body of wall; The control system of this hen house is configured to: the dry-bulb temperature in described hen house during lower than the first critical value, is opened described the second ventilating opening and described exhaust blower, forms the first draft type; Described dry-bulb temperature rises to described the first critical value in described hen house, and relative moisture is while being less than the second critical value, closes described the second ventilating opening, opens described the first ventilating opening, forms the second draft type.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by setting up the first ventilating opening on body of wall, and make its control system by dry-bulb temperature and relative moisture respectively with the first critical value and the second critical value comparison, select the first draft type or the second draft type according to actual result, heat stress index is controlled in the scope of suitable chicken growth, solve under hot and humid weather condition and only caused the problem of the rising of heat stress index by " wet curtain-negative pressure " cooling, thereby improve environment of chicken house, improved the production efficiency of chicken.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the draft type schematic diagram of hen house in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of hen house in the present invention.
In Fig. 2:
1 first body of wall, 11 entrances, 2 second bodies of wall, 3 the 3rd bodies of wall, 4 the 4th bodies of wall, 5 exhaust blowers, 6 wet curtains, 7 second ventilating openings.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is, a kind of hen house is provided, and by control dry-bulb temperature and the relative moisture in hen house simultaneously, thereby heat stress index is controlled in the scope of suitable chicken growth, thereby improves the production efficiency of chicken.
Without loss of generality, now illustrate present embodiment in conjunction with Figure of description.
Refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of hen house in the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the hen house that this programme provides, is enclosed and is formed by the first body of wall 1, the second body of wall, the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4, and wherein, the first body of wall 1 and the 3rd body of wall 3 are oppositely arranged respectively at the second body of wall 2 and the 4th body of wall 4.On the first body of wall 1, offer the entrance 11 of hen house; Along continuous straight runs, equally spacedly successively on the second body of wall 2 offers 8 exhaust blower installing port (not shown)s, and in each exhaust blower installing port, exhaust blower 5 is installed; On the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4, near two first ventilating openings that offer of one end symmetry of the first body of wall 1, wet curtain 6 is installed in each the first ventilating opening, and wet curtain 6 upper ends are provided with the water supply installation (not shown) for soaking wet curtain 6; Also comprise respectively symmetrical two group of second ventilating opening 7 on the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4 that be opened in, and along continuous straight runs, every group of second ventilating opening is specially 6 that equidistantly offer successively.
Additionally, this programme also comprises a set of checkout gear, and this checkout gear comprises dry-bulb temperature sensor, relative humidity sensor and pressure sensor.Wherein, dry-bulb temperature sensor is uniformly distributed in 1.2 meters, ground of distance eminence in hen house; Relative humidity sensor is specially two, wherein, a L place being positioned at apart from the first body of wall 1, another is positioned at the L place of the second body of wall 2, and L is 1/4 length of the 3rd body of wall 3 or the 4th body of wall 4; Pressure sensor is arranged at the first ventilating opening 11, the second ventilating opening 21 and the 3rd ventilating opening 31 places; Wind speed adopts hand-held metering system.The real-time data transmission being recorded by above-mentioned three kinds of sensors is to control system, and control system is carried out the critical value contrast of Treatment Analysis and setting to data.
In sum, the control strategy of the control system of the hen house in this programme is: when the dry-bulb temperature in hen house is during lower than 27.8 DEG C of the first critical values, open the second ventilating opening 7 and exhaust blower 5, form the first draft type; When dry-bulb temperature rises to 27.8 DEG C of the first critical values, and relative moisture is while being less than the second critical value 70%, closes the second ventilating opening 7, opens the first ventilating opening, forms the second draft type, adopts " wet curtain-negative pressure " aeration-cooling mode.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by setting up the first ventilating opening 7 on the body of wall of hen house, the control system of hen house is contrasted dry-bulb temperature in hen house and relative moisture respectively with the first critical value and the second critical value, select to adopt the first draft type or the second draft type according to actual result, heat stress index is controlled in the scope of suitable chicken growth, solve under hot and humid weather condition the problem that only depends on " wet curtain-negative pressure " cooling method and cause heat stress index to raise, thereby improve environment of chicken house, improved the production efficiency of chicken.
It should be noted that, the first ventilating opening for wet curtain 6 is installed in this programme is opened in the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4, and the second ventilating opening 7 is also opened on the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4, be appreciated that, meeting on the basis of ventilation function requirement, the first ventilating opening and the second ventilating opening 7 also can be opened on the first body of wall 1 or the second body of wall 2.Certainly, the first ventilating opening and the second ventilating opening 7 also can be arranged on different bodies of wall, and for example the first ventilating opening is opened on the first body of wall 1, and ventilating opening 7 is opened on the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4; Or both oppositely arrange, the first ventilating opening is opened on the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4, and the second ventilating opening 7 is opened on the first body of wall 1.Be appreciated that ventilating opening 7 also can be opened on all bodies of wall in hen house simultaneously.
In addition; quantity and the arrangement of the exhaust blower in this programme, wet curtain and the second ventilating opening; the aeration-cooling effect of reality that depends on the actual scale of hen house and will reach; therefore; in this programme, quantity and the arrangement of related exhaust blower, wet curtain and ventilating opening, do not form the restriction to protection scope of the present invention.
As previously mentioned, this programme has comprised a set of checkout gear, the real-time data transmission that this checkout gear records is to control system, control system is processed data, and contrast with dry-bulb temperature the first critical value of setting and relative moisture the second critical value, select suitable draft type by comparing result, thereby improved the automatization level of hen house controlling system, reduced workman's labour intensity.
Be appreciated that, in this programme, also can adopt traditional approach to measure dry-bulb temperature and the relative moisture in hen house, detect dry-bulb temperature and relative moisture in hen house by temp .-humidity measuring apparatus, to in artificial data input control system, carry out comparing of measurement result and the first critical value and the second critical value, then adopt satisfactory draft type according to actual comparison result.Certainly, also can only rely on manual measurement, comparison, then the different ventilating opening of artificial unlatching completes the displacement of draft type.
Further, at present, in broiler breeding in order to obtain best production achievement, the emphasis Consideration that chicken 14 ages in days later conventionally should be using sendible temperature as environment of chicken house control, instead of dry-bulb temperature.Wherein, dry-bulb temperature is that dry bulb thermometer is freely exposed on temperature measured in air, avoids the interference of radiation and moisture simultaneously.Dry bulb thermometer temperature is considered the temperature of temperature conventionally, and it is real thermodynamic temperature.In other words, dry-bulb temperature is that a common thermometer is exposed on temperature measured in air-flow, and it does not show corresponding rh value.And dry-bulb temperature can not represent the sense of reality of chicken to environment changes in temperature, it is the sendible temperature of chicken, and sendible temperature is to weigh chicken to feel the leading indicator of environmental temperature height, it is the function of dry-bulb temperature, relative moisture, wind speed, referring to the function table shown in table 1.
Table 1
Dry-bulb temperature | Relative moisture | Wind speed | Sendible temperature |
80F(27℃) | 50% | 0 | 82F(28℃) |
80F(27℃) | 70% | 0 | 86F(30℃) |
80F(27℃) | 50% | 2m/s | 66F(19℃) |
80F(27℃) | 70% | 2m/s | 70F(21℃) |
As shown in Table 1, under identical dry-bulb temperature and identical wind speed, the higher sendible temperature of relative moisture is higher, and relative moisture increases by 20% sendible temperature will increase by 2 DEG C; Under identical dry-bulb temperature and identical relative moisture, because the higher sendible temperature of effect wind speed of air-cooled effect is lower, when wind speed increases 2m/s, sendible temperature will reduce by 9 DEG C, and as can be seen here, wind speed is more obvious to reducing the effect of sendible temperature.
Based on These characteristics, this programme is in the time adopting the first ventilation or the second draft type, by the quantity that regulates exhaust blower 5 to open, make the wind speed at the first ventilating opening, the second ventilating opening 7 and chicken back reach goal-setting value, to obtain the sendible temperature of suitable chicken growth.Test data surface, while reaching the sendible temperature of suitable chicken growth summer, needed target wind speed value is set as respectively, and the first ventilating opening or the second ventilating opening place are the first setting value 4m/s, and the second setting value that chicken back place is is 2.5m/s.Certainly, above-mentioned wind speed all completes by hand-held air speed measuring apparatus in checkout gear, be appreciated that, meeting on the basis of requirements of installation space in hen house, the air velocity transducer that also can adopt in this programme is measured the wind speed at diverse location place, measurement result real-time Transmission is compared with the first setting value and the second setting value to transmission system, then determined the unlatching quantity of exhaust blower 5 according to actual comparison result.
For example, 27.8 DEG C of following temperature ranges of the first critical value are divided into two temperature ranges again: the first humidity province and the second humidity province, in the time that dry-bulb temperature is positioned at the first humidity province, control system need to be opened 5 exhaust blowers, so that the wind speed at the second ventilating opening 7 and chicken back reaches respectively the first setting value 4m/s and the second setting value 2.5m/s; In the time that dry-bulb temperature is increased to the second humidity province, control system need to be established 3 exhaust blowers newly, so that the wind speed at the first ventilating opening and chicken back reaches respectively the first setting value 4m/s and the second setting value 2.5m/s.Be appreciated that the sendible temperature in order to control more accurately chicken in hen house, can also, to the first humidity province and the second humidity province Further Division, then set the respective numbers of opening exhaust blower.
Next, as shown in Figure 2, hen house in this programme adopts longitudinal ventilation mode, being about to 8 exhaust blowers 6 is installed on the second body of wall 2 relative with hen house entrance 11, and being opened on the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4 near porch of the first ventilating opening symmetry that wet curtain 6 is installed, equally spaced 12 of being opened on the 3rd body of wall 3 and the 4th body of wall 4 successively that the second ventilating opening 7 is along continuous straight runs symmetry.Ensure to enter the flow direction of wind in hen house by this longitudinal ventilation mode and be tending towards directional trend, air-flow enters from the other end and discharges from hen house one end equably along hen house y direction.Longitudinal ventilation mode has the advantages such as cost is low, noise is low.Certainly,, according to the particular geographic location at hen house place, if reach metastable ventilation effect, in this programme, also can adopt transversal ventilation mode.In addition, the concrete quantity of the ventilating opening of offering in hen house and the exhaust blower of installation, depends on the real area of hen house and the quantity of the interior chicken of hen house, and therefore, different ventilating openings and the quantity of exhaust blower will not form limiting the scope of the present invention.
As everyone knows, the cooling ability of wet curtain 6 not only depends on that choosing has the characteristic of material, and depends on the evaporation discharge of wet curtain 6, and wets when curtain 6 is long-term keeps wetting state, cannot reach evaporation capacity.For this reason, the control system in this programme, by controlling the opening and closing time of water supply installation, realizes wet curtain 6 evaporation discharge and maximizes.Concrete control mode is; Open water supply installation, time delay certain hour, extremely wet curtain 6 is in soaking into state; Close water supply installation, time delay certain hour, to wet curtain 6, in drying regime, so circulation is until adopt the first draft type.
It should be noted that, concrete time delay length is because of area, the material difference difference of wet curtain.
For example, water supply installation in this programme comprises main-supply and is provided with the distributive pipe road that adds wet hole, and the water pump being communicated with main-supply, in order to make wet curtain 6 bring into play optimal evaporation efficiency, thereby strengthen the cooling-down effect of wet curtain, this water pump adopts service intermittent mode.Be appreciated that in this programme and also can, by the method for switch valve is set between main water supply pipe and distributive pipe road, realize the opening and closing function of water supply installation.
Certainly, the wet Curtain area that certain ventilation must be corresponding certain, the large investment of area is large, easily causes waste; The too small meeting of area causes flowing resistance too large, and air quantity reduces, and affects cooling-down effect, and severe patient also can cause blower fan overload and motor damage, and therefore, the area of selected wet curtain 6 must match with the power of exhaust blower 5.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, do not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any any amendment of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in claim protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a hen house, comprise at least one first ventilating opening being opened on body of wall, in described the first ventilating opening, be provided with wet curtain, described wet curtain upper end is provided with water supply installation, and be arranged at the multiple exhaust blowers on described body of wall, it is characterized in that, also comprise at least one second ventilating opening being opened on described body of wall; The control system of described hen house is configured to: the dry-bulb temperature in described hen house during lower than the first critical value, is opened described the second ventilating opening and described exhaust blower, forms the first draft type; Described dry-bulb temperature rises to described the first critical value in described hen house, and relative moisture is while being less than the second critical value, closes described the second ventilating opening, opens described the first ventilating opening, forms the second draft type.
2. hen house according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described body of wall is enclosed and is formed by the first body of wall, the second body of wall, the 3rd body of wall and the 4th body of wall, and wherein, described the first body of wall and described the 3rd body of wall are oppositely arranged with described the second body of wall and described the 4th body of wall respectively.
3. hen house according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, on described the first body of wall, offer entrance, multiple described exhaust blower along continuous straight runs are equally spaced being arranged on described the second body of wall successively, described the first ventilating opening is specially and symmetrical is opened on described the 3rd body of wall and described the 4th body of wall two, and described the 3rd ventilating opening is two groups on described the 3rd body of wall and described the 4th body of wall that are opened in symmetrically.
4. hen house according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described in every group, the 3rd ventilating opening is specially along continuous straight runs and is equidistantly opened in successively the multiple ventilating openings on body of wall correspondingly.
5. hen house according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described the first ventilating opening is positioned near described the first body of wall place.
6. hen house according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described the first critical value is 27.8 DEG C, and described the second critical value is 70%.
7. hen house according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, while adopting described the first draft type, described control system, by regulating the unlatching quantity of described exhaust blower, makes the wind speed at chicken back in described the second ventilating opening and described hen house reach respectively the first setting value and the second setting value; While adopting described the second draft type, described control system, by regulating the unlatching quantity of described exhaust blower, makes the wind speed at described chicken back in described the first ventilating opening and described hen house reach respectively the first setting value and the second setting value.
8. hen house according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described the first setting value is 4m/s, and described the second setting value is 2.5m/s.
9. hen house according to claim 8, is characterized in that, adopts described the second draft type, and described control system is opened described water supply installation, time delay certain hour, and extremely described wet curtain is in soaking into state; Close described water supply installation, time delay certain hour, extremely described wet curtain is in drying regime.
10. hen house according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the opening and closing of described water supply installation are by the service intermittent mode of water pump, or switch valve is realized.
11. hen houses according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, comprise temperature sensor, relative humidity sensor and pressure sensor, wherein, described temperature sensor is uniformly distributed in described hen house, described relative humidity sensor is suspended in the top of described hen house, and described pressure sensor is arranged at described the first ventilating opening, described the second ventilating opening and described exhaust blower place.
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CN104430031A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 安阳工学院 | Water curtain cooling method for chicken house |
CN104521799A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽荣达禽业开发有限公司 | Automatic full-closed tier breeding pullet house ventilation method |
CN104957053A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-07 | 陈建生 | Chick breeding box |
CN109349160A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of orchard ecology free-ranging henhouse |
CN110268997A (en) * | 2019-08-10 | 2019-09-24 | 河南万华畜牧设备有限公司 | 4 layers of thermostatic type intelligence henhouse |
CN113110652A (en) * | 2021-04-10 | 2021-07-13 | 南昌县气象局 | Automatic temperature and humidity monitoring and control device and method for artificial climate room |
CN113575465A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏深农智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent wet curtain cooling system and regulation and control method thereof |
CN114706437A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-05 | 大牧人机械(胶州)有限公司 | Air volume control method based on pig position ventilation |
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