CN103952167A - Energy-saving and environment-friendly type low-moisture coking process and system - Google Patents
Energy-saving and environment-friendly type low-moisture coking process and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly type low-moisture coking process and system. The process comprises the following steps of: drying and humidifying coking blended coal in a coking plant until the moisture content is 3-6%, then screening, mixing pulverized coal with a size fraction of less than 1 mm with the newly-blended weak caking coal, directly moulding by compression, mixing the prepared low-moisture non-binder moulded coal with humidified pulverized coal with a size fraction of greater than 1 mm, entering in a coking oven system and coking. The equipment system disclosed by the invention mainly comprises a drying and humidifying device, a screening device, a constant feeding device, a mixing device, a moulding device, a coking oven system and the like. The process and the system disclosed by the invention have the advantages of being capable of realizing multi-objectives of increasing coking oven capacity, reducing wastewater drainage, improving coke quality, increasing weak caking coal ratio, reducing coking cost and the like simultaneously, and being good in energy-saving benefits, environmental benefits and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention discloses a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process and system, by International Patent Classification (IPC) (IPC), divides and belongs to coking coal pre-treatment and New Cokemaking Processes field, especially relates to the coke making process that improves weak caking coal allocation ratio.
Background technology
Along with world economy and scientific and technological fast development, facing mankind the dual-pressure of resources and environment.With regard to iron and steel production, worldwide coke anxiety and coking coal shortage of resources have badly influenced the development of Iron and Steel Production and world economy.Use coal coking, with coke ironmaking, remain up to now the main flow technique that world steel is produced.China is coke production big country, and traditional coking technology of employing is too strong to coking coal dependency, causes coking cost high; And traditional coking technology adopts wet coal coking, enters stove coal water ratio and mostly is 9%~12%, coking energy consumption is large, coking time long, coking chemical waste water output is large, and environmental pollution is serious.How day by day perfect along with Iron and Steel Production technology, under the condition of coking coal resource shortage, obtain satisfactory high-strength metallurgical coke, and make process of coking reduce costs, reduce pollution, raise the efficiency, and become following development trend.Under such background, conventional coke making process obviously can not meet Times ' Demand, needs development of new coke making process technology to realize above-mentioned functions.
From world wide, advanced coking technology mainly comprises coal conditioning technique, briquetted coal blending coking technology, Japanese SCOPE-21 New Coke-making Technology, coke oven maximization technology, coking automatic technology, Continuous coking technology, coke passivation technology, coke coating technique etc.These technology are divided into three types after all: (1) coking coal preconditioning technique; (2) process of coking optimisation technique; (3) coke post-processing technology.Process of coking optimisation technique is subject to the serious restriction of existing coke oven for iron system and Controlling System, and industrial application is less.Coke post-processing technology is conceived to the modification of coke finished product, for improving coke quality, to reduce the effect of coking cost very limited, mostly in the experimental study stage.Coking coal preconditioning technique carries out pre-treatment fed to boiler coking in advance by process meanses such as rational coal blending, pulverizing, damping, preheating, moulding to coke making and coal blending, reach the object that improves coke oven output, energy efficient, raising coke quality and expand coking coal resource, have a good application prospect.
At present, the research of coal dust conditioning technique mainly concentrates on the development field of the selection of damping thermal source and damping equipment.As CN103484139A discloses a kind of technique for coking coal humidifying, adopt high-efficiency energy-saving drum-type dryer, the coke oven flue gas extracting in coke oven main flue of usining be dried the wet coal of coking as main thermal source, adjusts after moisture for pushing up coaling coking and tamping coking; CN103305248A discloses a kind of method and system that utilizes vacuum mode to carry out coal dust damping.Although coal damping reduces the moisture in stove coal, obvious to reducing coking chemical waste water discharge effect, but the bulk density that it brings increases and only to derive from capillary reducing and the flowing of coal grain, the not extruding of external force, thereby the advantage aspect increase weak caking coal proportioning not obvious, conventionally only can reach 5% left and right; And, conventional coal humidifying technology requirement coal dust water ratio in principle can not be lower than 6%, with the negative impact of avoiding coal dust overdrying to bring existing coke furnace system, as coal port is smoldered, is burned with anger, upcast and coking chamber wall calculus China ink increase, coke tar refuse increases, and tar intractability strengthens, gas cleaning system obstruction etc.Therefore, the conventional coal damping coke making process space that is still significantly improved.
For improving the problems such as coking coal bulk density and coking of shaping coal, lot of domestic and international investigator has also carried out correlative study.As CN103370395A, CN101541922A disclose a kind of coal debulking methods and device for coke making process, coal particle is carried out to compaction treatment by the cylindrical compactor of oscillatory type on the charging plate of pit kiln outside, then enter coking by coke oven; CN101381645A is waste rubber, plastic waste heating for dissolving in scallion oil, then adds in proportion coke tar refuse and asphaltum oil heated and stirred, makes briquette binder for the production of moulded coal; KR8100312 proposes to utilize pitch for the process program of binding agent production moulded coal; CN200510092966.3, CN200510027429.0 and CN1632077A propose to utilize the method and system of moulded coal for coke-oven plant's organic solid castoff production coking, and target is comprehensive utilization coking organic solid waste; CN200510027429.0 discloses a kind of composite adhesive for briquette, and the super separator coke tar refuse by 7~17%, 18~33% ammoniacal liquor clarifying tank coke tar refuse and 50~75% viscid bitumen form.Although above-mentioned patented technology to improving into stove dump density, improve coke quality, increase coke oven production capacity and there is obvious effect, what relate generally to is exploitation and the preparation of briquette binder, and does not relate to damping moulding.The shortcomings such as the large and running cost of domestic version coal coking technology ubiquity investment is higher, Jin Baosteel company obtains applications well.
In addition, the SCOPE-21 New Coke-making Technology of exploitation is presided over by nippon company, first by feed coal dry classification, then coarse particles coal and fine particulate coal is heated rapidly to respectively to 350 ℃~400 ℃, finally hot-forming to fine powdered coal, be mixed together and send into stove coking with coarse particles coal dust.The coking coal dust of this technology is processed " stove coking is carried-entered to the dry classification-rapidly pre-warming-hot-forming-high temperature " process that in fact experienced, advanced technology, but technique and equipment are all very complicated, and operation easier is large, investment and working cost are high, and results of industrial application is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome defect and the deficiency of existing coking technology, the invention provides a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process, its ultimate principle be take coal damping coking theoretical with briquetted coal blending coking theory be basis, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, on the one hand, by damping, make coking coal moisture keep lower level, improve into stove dump density, reduce coking energy consumption, reduce coking chemical waste water discharge; On the other hand, the weak caking coal that increasing is joined, be diffused into particle surface with internal moisture and still have the fine granularity coal dust of certain temperature to mix, direct voltage moulding under water and the acting in conjunction of coal dust self particle, well solved the negative impact of low moisture fine powdered coal coking to existing coke furnace system, also realized polygamy weak caking coal, reduced the target of coking cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
An energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process, performing step comprises:
(1) first coke-oven plant's coking mixed coal is dried to damping, regulates moisture to 3%~6%;
(2) coal dust after damping is sieved, be divided into the coal dust of grade <1mm and the coal dust of grade >1mm;
(3) coal dust of grade <1mm is mixed to rear direct pressing moulding with newly-increased weak caking coal of joining, prepare low moisture binder free typed briquette, the ratio that weak caking coal is joined in increasing is total 0~20% of coal weight of mixing;
(4) low moisture binder free typed briquette is mixed and is delivered to the main coal blending belt of coke oven with the coal dust of grade >1mm, finally enter the coking of pit kiln system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of implementing energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process, mainly comprise dry humidity control device, screening plant, metering device, mixing device, shaped device, pit kiln system, equipment connection mode is: 1# e Foerderanlage (1) outlet is connected with dry humidity control device (2) entrance, dry humidity control device (2) outlet is connected with screening plant (3) entrance, the outlet of screening plant (3) screen overflow is connected with 4# e Foerderanlage (4) entrance, the outlet of screening plant (3) screen underflow is connected with 2# e Foerderanlage (5) entrance, 2# e Foerderanlage (5) outlet is connected with mixing device (9) entrance, 3# e Foerderanlage (6) outlet is connected with buffer bin (7) entrance, buffer bin (7) outlet is connected with metering device (8) entrance, metering device (8) outlet is connected with mixing device (9) entrance, mixing device (9) outlet is connected with shaped device (10), shaped device (10) outlet is connected with 4# e Foerderanlage (4) entrance, 4# e Foerderanlage (4) outlet is connected with coking factory owner coal blending belt (11) entrance, and coking factory owner coal blending belt (11) outlet is connected with pit kiln system (12),
Its processing unit system description is: coke-oven plant's coke making and coal blending is transported to dry humidity control device (2) by 1# e Foerderanlage (1) and carries out damping processing, coal dust after damping sieves through screening plant (3), the coal dust of grade >1mm is conveyed into coking factory owner coal blending belt (11) through 4# e Foerderanlage (4), and the coal dust of grade <1mm delivers into mixing device (9) through 2# e Foerderanlage (5); Newly-increased weak caking coal of joining is conveyed into buffer bin (7) through 3# e Foerderanlage (6), and by metering device (8) dosing of buffer bin bottom to mixing device (9), mix with the coal dust of grade <1mm; Mixed material enters shaped device (10) high-pressure molding, and the low moisture binder free typed briquette of preparing drops in the coal dust of the grade >1mm being carried by 4# e Foerderanlage (4); Finally, all materials are conveyed into coking factory owner coal blending belt (11) by 4# e Foerderanlage, enter pit kiln system (12) coking.
The present invention can realize multiple targets such as " improve coke oven production capacity, reduce discharge of wastewater, improve coke quality, expand coking coal resource, reduce coking cost " simultaneously.The present invention increase join weak caking coal and do not affect the former of coke quality because: utilize fine powdered coal and weak caking coal to prepare low moisture binder free typed briquette, coal intergranular gap reduces, interface is in conjunction with enhancing, bulk density obviously improves, and the adhesion component of coal dust charing plastic stage and inert component effect are abundant; And, weak caking coal powder with fine powdered coal mixed high-voltage moulding process in, indirectly realized selectivity pulverizing, improve to a certain extent coking performance, improved pyrolysis of coal plastic mass degree of mobilization and cohesiveness, reduced coke crackle, thereby obtain good coke quality.
The present invention adopts the beneficial effect that technique scheme produces to be:
(1) need control coal dust " water ratio is not less than 6% " with conventional coal humidifying technology and compare, enter stove mixed coal water ratio and can be reduced to 3%.In view of the water ratio of the every reduction by 1% of coal dust, can make coking saving energy 20MJ/t coal, the medium-sized coke-oven plant that the scale of take is 1,000,000 tons/year estimates, will be than conventional coal humidifying technology save energy approximately 6 * 10
7mJ/, energy-saving benefit is remarkable;
(2) new technology has further reduced coking charge coal water ratio, and coking chemical waste water discharge is significantly reduced, and has further alleviated Treatment of Coking Effluent pressure; And, due to by the low moisture coal dust compression moulding of grade <1mm, solved and entered low the caused coal port of stove coal water ratio and smolder, burn with anger, upcast and coking chamber wall calculus China ink increase, coke tar refuse increases, tar intractability strengthens, the series of problems such as gas cleaning system obstruction; In addition, owing to entering stove coal water ratio, reduce, coke oven fire path medial temperature can reduce by 10 ℃~20 ℃, and this makes NO in outer smoke-uptake gas
xcontent decreases, and is conducive to atmosphere environmental protection.Therefore, integrated environment remarkable benefit;
(3) new technology adopts binder free typed briquette preparation technology, on the one hand, has rationally solved that the binding agent demand that conventional briquetted coal blending coking technology relates to is large, high in cost of production problem, has increased shove charge dump density, has improved coke oven production capacity; On the other hand, on the basis of the conventional coal blending in coke-oven plant, increase and allocate weak caking coal approximately 20% into, reduced coking raw materials cost, expanded coking coal resource; If do not increase, do not join weak caking coal, coke quality will obviously improve.Therefore, remarkable in economical benefits;
(4) new technology does not change original traditional coke making process system, and flow process is simple, less investment, and instant effect, has a good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the processing unit system flowchart the present invention relates to.
Wherein: 1. 1# e Foerderanlage, 2. dry humidity control device, 3. screening plant, 4. 4# e Foerderanlage, 5. 2# e Foerderanlage, 6. 3# e Foerderanlage, 7. buffer bin, 8. metering device, 9. mixing device, 10. shaped device, 11. main coal blending belts, 12. pit kiln systems.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment: refer to Fig. 1, a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process of the present invention, performing step comprises: (1) is first dried damping by coke-oven plant's coking mixed coal, regulates moisture to 3%~6%; (2) coal dust after damping is sieved, be divided into the coal dust of grade <1mm and the coal dust of grade >1mm; (3) coal dust of grade <1mm is mixed to rear direct pressing moulding with newly-increased weak caking coal of joining, prepare low moisture binder free typed briquette; (4) low moisture binder free typed briquette is mixed and is delivered to the main coal blending belt of coke oven with the coal dust of grade >1mm, finally enter the coking of pit kiln system.Described mixed coal is conventional coking mixed coal, mainly bottle coal, rich coal, coking coal, 1/3 coking coal and lean coal, consists of, and mixed coal water ratio is 9~15%.Described newly-increased weak caking coal of joining mainly refers to bottle coal and the lean coal that coking behavior is poor, price is low, especially refers to Datong coal and Xishan coal; Increase proportioning example for mixing 0~20% of coal gross weight.The dry damping of described coal dust can adopt direct heating or indirect heating mode, and thermal source can comprise steam, hot flue gas, electricity and heat conduction wet goods; From the economy of practical application, consider, preferentially adopt low-pressure residual heat steam or coke oven flue waste gas.The dry damping water ratio of described coal dust may be controlled to 3%~6%.The damping coal dust of described grade <1mm mixes with newly-increased weak caking coal of joining, without the moulding of any binding agent direct pressing, forming pressure >150kg/cm
2; Described type coal shape can preferentially be recommended ellipse for circular, ellipse or square, and longest dimension is no more than 35mm.Described low moisture binder free typed briquette directly drops in the coal dust of grade >1mm and mixes and carry, and is beneficial to reduce moulded coal breakage rate.Described low moisture binder free typed briquette accounts for and enters the total weight of material of coke oven than controlling as <60%.
Implement a system for energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process, mainly comprise dry humidity control device 2, screening plant 3, metering device 8, mixing device 9, shaped device 10, pit kiln system 12 etc.Equipment connection mode is: 1 outlet of 1# e Foerderanlage is connected with dry humidity control device 2 entrances, and dry humidity control device 2 outlets are connected with screening plant 3 entrances; Screening plant 3 screen overflow outlets are connected with 4# e Foerderanlage 4 entrances, and screening plant 3 screen underflow outlets are connected with 2# e Foerderanlage 5 entrances, and 5 outlets of 2# e Foerderanlage are connected with mixing device 9 entrances; 6 outlets of 3# e Foerderanlage are connected with buffer bin 7 entrances, buffer bin 7 outlets are connected with metering device 8 entrances, metering device 8 outlets are connected with mixing device 9 entrances, mixing device 9 outlets are connected with shaped device 10, shaped device 10 outlets are connected with 4# e Foerderanlage 4 entrances, 4 outlets of 4# e Foerderanlage are connected with coking factory owner coal blending belt 11 entrances, and 11 outlets of coking factory owner coal blending belt are connected with pit kiln system 12.Described dry humidity control device 2 is fixed bed drying device, fluidized bed dryer, vacuum drier or revolving drum moisture eliminator.Described 1# e Foerderanlage 1,2# e Foerderanlage 5,3# e Foerderanlage 6 finger rotary conveyors, scraper conveyor, bucket elevator, machine for zipper or worm conveyor, 4# e Foerderanlage 4 is rotary conveyor.Described screening plant 3 is vibratory screening apparatus or trommel screen.Described mixing device 9 is single shaft mixing machine, double-shaft mixer, drum mixer, stirring mixer etc.Described shaped device 10 is common roller briquetting machine.Described pit kiln system 12 is existing traditional pit kiln system, without carrying out any transformation.The metering device that native system adopts is screw feeder, star feeder or oscillating feeder.Finally it should be noted that: process system of the present invention adopts each equipment configuration all can directly be bought and be installed and used by market.
A kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process of the present invention and system, belong to coking coal pre-treatment and New Cokemaking Processes field.Method of the present invention is 3%~6% by dry damping to the water ratio of coke-oven plant's coke making and coal blending, then sieve, the coal dust of grade <1mm is mixed and direct pressing moulding with newly-increased weak caking coal of joining, and the low moisture binder free typed briquette of preparation and the damping coal dust of grade >1mm are mixed into the coking of pit kiln system.The device systems that the method relates to mainly comprises dry humidity control device, screening plant, metering device, mixing device, shaped device, pit kiln system etc.The invention has the advantages that: can realize multiple targets such as " improve coke oven production capacity, reduce discharge of wastewater, improve coke quality, increase weak caking coal proportioning, reduce coking cost " simultaneously, there is good energy-saving benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit.New technology does not change original traditional coke making process system, and flow process is simple, less investment, and instant effect, has good application prospect.
Above record, only, for utilizing the embodiment of this origination techniques content, modification, variation that any those skilled in the art use this creation to do, all belong to the scope of the claims that this creation is advocated, and be not limited to those disclosed embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. an energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process, is characterized in that performing step comprises: (1) is first dried damping by coke-oven plant's coking mixed coal, regulates moisture to 3%~6%; (2) coal dust after damping is sieved, be divided into the coal dust of grade <1mm and the coal dust of grade >1mm;
(3) coal dust of grade <1mm is mixed to rear direct pressing moulding with newly-increased weak caking coal of joining, prepare low moisture binder free typed briquette, increasing proportioning example is total 0~20% of coal weight of mixing;
(4) low moisture binder free typed briquette is mixed and is delivered to the main coal blending belt of coke oven with the coal dust of grade >1mm, finally enter coke furnace system coking.
2. a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mixed coal is conventional coking mixed coal, mainly bottle coal, rich coal, coking coal, 1/3 coking coal and lean coal, consists of, and mixed coal water ratio is 9~15%.
3. a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described newly-increased weak caking coal of joining mainly refers to bottle coal and the lean coal that coking behavior is poor, price is low, especially refers to Datong coal and Xishan coal.
4. a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the dry damping of described coal dust can adopt direct heating or indirect heating mode, thermal source can comprise steam, hot flue gas, electricity or thermal oil, preferentially adopts low-pressure residual heat steam or coke oven flue waste gas.
5. a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the coal dust of described grade <1mm mixes with newly-increased weak caking coal of joining, without the moulding of binding agent direct pressing, forming pressure >150kg/cm
2; Type coal shape can preferentially be recommended ellipse for circular, ellipse or square, and overall dimension is no more than 35mm.
6. a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described low moisture binder free typed briquette directly drops in the coal dust of grade >1mm and mixes to carry and is beneficial to reduce moulded coal breakage rate.
7. a kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described low moisture binder free typed briquette accounts for and enters coke oven material gross weight than controlling as <60%.
8. an energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coking system, it is characterized in that: for implementing the claims one of 1 to 7 described energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process, mainly comprise dry humidity control device (2), screening plant (3), metering device (8), mixing device (9), shaped device (10), pit kiln system (12), equipment connection mode is: 1# e Foerderanlage (1) outlet is connected with dry humidity control device (2) entrance, dry humidity control device (2) outlet is connected with screening plant (3) entrance, the outlet of screening plant (3) screen overflow is connected with 4# e Foerderanlage (4) entrance, the outlet of screening plant (3) screen underflow is connected with 2# e Foerderanlage (5) entrance, 2# e Foerderanlage (5) outlet is connected with mixing device (9) entrance, 3# e Foerderanlage (6) outlet is connected with buffer bin (7) entrance, buffer bin (7) outlet is connected with metering device (8) entrance, metering device (8) outlet is connected with mixing device (9) entrance, mixing device (9) outlet is connected with shaped device (10), shaped device (10) outlet is connected with 4# e Foerderanlage (4) entrance, 4# e Foerderanlage (4) outlet is connected with coking factory owner coal blending belt (11) entrance, and coking factory owner coal blending belt (11) outlet is connected with pit kiln system (12).
9. energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coking system according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described 1# e Foerderanlage (1), 2# e Foerderanlage (5), 3# e Foerderanlage (6) refer to rotary conveyor, scraper conveyor, bucket elevator, machine for zipper or worm conveyor; 4# e Foerderanlage (4) is rotary conveyor.
10. energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coking system according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described dry humidity control device (2) is fixed bed drying device, fluidized bed dryer, vacuum drier or revolving drum moisture eliminator; Screening plant (3) is vibratory screening apparatus or trommel screen; Mixing device (9) is single shaft mixing machine, double-shaft mixer, drum mixer or stirring mixer; Shaped device (10) is common roller briquetting machine.
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