CN103947866B - 凝胶鱼粮 - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种凝胶鱼粮，按重量百分比计，其含有角豆胶0.3-0.8%，鹿角菜胶1.0-2.5%，魔芋胶1.5-3.0%，益生元0.1-0.5%。本发明凝胶鱼粮一改以往颗粒和条状饲料的特点，凝胶状的鱼粮松软可口，易于采食；而且大大保存了原料原有的新鲜度，适口性很好，加之，特殊的处理方式增添了喂食乐趣。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鱼粮，特别是一种凝胶鱼粮。
背景技术
观赏鱼因其在水中灵动的姿态、丰富的色彩而深受欢迎，为人们提供了一种愉悦身心的休闲、放松方式。鱼粮对于鱼的生长和存活至关重要。因而，鱼粮配方的合理性得到了广泛的关注。
中国发明专利申请201210012577.5公开了一种观赏鱼饲料，其成分和重量份数为：玉米淀粉30-40份，面粉15-20份，大豆粉15-20份，虾米皮粉5-10份，酒糟粉5-7份，螺旋藻1-3份，维生素0.1-0.3份。该配方各种营养成分比例合理，提高观赏鱼的成活率和生长速度。
现有鱼粮虽然提供了鱼生长所需的营养，但是市面上的产品多为颗粒和条状，不够松软，诱食性不足。另外，有些鱼粮虽然提供了多种营养，但是适口性不够好，导致鱼粮摄入量低，不利于鱼的生长。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种松软可口、易于采食且适口性好的凝胶鱼粮。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种能够提高鱼的免疫力和成活率的凝胶鱼粮。
本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种凝胶鱼粮，按重量百分比计，其含有角豆胶0.3-0.8%，鹿角菜胶1.0-2.5%，魔芋胶1.5-3.0%，益生元0.1-0.5%。
按照本发明，可直接在普通鱼粮配方中添加以上几种成分，制成本发明的凝胶鱼粮。
优选地，本发明还提供一种凝胶鱼粮，其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉25-35%、丰年虫卵5-15%、南极磷虾粉10-20%、鱿鱼粉2-7%、麦麸3-6%、胚芽5-10%、啤酒酵母2-8%、螺旋藻4-10%、褐藻粉3-10%、维生素0.2-1.0%、矿物质0.5-1.5%、虾红素0.01-0.1%、叶黄素0.1-1.0%、角豆胶0.3-0.8%，鹿角菜胶1.0-2.5%，魔芋胶1.5-3.0%，氯化胆碱0.1-0.5%、丙酸钙0.1-0.2%、卵磷脂0.1-0.5%、山梨酸钾0.01-0.05%、益生元0.1-0.5%。
其中鲱鱼粉优选为进口鲱鱼粉。优选地，所述维生素为复合维生素。优选地，所述矿物质为复合矿物质。所有原料可为本领域常用的那些原料，均可从市面购买。
进一步地，本发明凝胶鱼粮的营养成分中：粗蛋白≥40%，粗脂肪≥3%，粗纤维≤5%，灰分≤15%，水分≤9%，钙≤2.5%，磷≥0.6%，赖氨酸≥1.8%，蛋氨酸≥0.6%。
本发明还提供了一种特别优选的凝胶鱼粮，由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉30%、丰年虫卵15%、南极磷虾粉11%、鱿鱼粉5%、麦麸5%、胚芽7%、啤酒酵母6%、螺旋藻6%、褐藻粉7%、维生素0.6%、矿物质1.0%、虾红素0.07%、叶黄素0.5 %、角豆胶0.5 %，鹿角菜胶2.0%、魔芋胶2.0%、氯化胆碱0.3%、丙酸钙0.2%、卵磷脂0.3%、山梨酸钾0.03%、益生元0.5%。制得的凝胶鱼粮营养丰富而均衡，各种原料搭配合理，适口性好。
本发明还提供了一种制备上述凝胶鱼粮的方法，包括以下步骤：
1）按上述量取各原料，粉碎、混合；
2）加入温度为50-95℃，重量为原料总重量40-70%的水，搅拌均匀，制粒、过筛；
3）将制粒后的颗粒烘干至水分在5%以下，破碎，过筛。
本发明制备方法对于水温的控制特别重要，生产过程中添加的水分需要加温至50-95℃，这是本发明的一个关键点。本发明的制备方法具有简单易行的优点。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明凝胶鱼粮一改以往颗粒和条状饲料的特点，所制得的鱼粮为凝胶状，松软可口，易于采食；而且大大保存了原料原有的新鲜度，适口性很好。另外，本发明凝胶鱼粮配方营养丰富，且添加有益生元，改善鱼的肠道微生态环境，促进了肠道益生菌的生长，使营养物质容易消化吸收，有助于提高鱼的免疫力，从而提高存活率。
本发明特殊的处理方式还增添了喂食乐趣。本发明凝胶鱼粮添加适量热水混合搅拌均匀，自然冷却后即为啫喱状固体，整块或切块放进鱼缸里给鱼啄食；或者，添加适量冷水混合搅拌后，放于微波炉中加热几分钟，成为流质液体，倒于有凹凸面的石头或其他物体上，放于鱼缸水中，可以立刻凝固，不易散开污染水质。
本发明鱼粮加水处理后可以用不同容器做成不同形状的凝胶。凝胶重新加热后可以变回流质液体，制成其它形状。
本发明的鱼粮呈凝胶状，相比于以往颗粒和条状的饲料，更容易清理剩余的鱼粮，从而有助于维持鱼缸内的水质。
另外，本发明凝胶鱼粮不仅适合海水鱼食用，还适合淡水鱼食用。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
一种凝胶鱼粮，其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉35%、丰年虫卵15%、南极磷虾粉19%、鱿鱼粉2%、麦麸5%、胚芽7%、啤酒酵母4%、螺旋藻5.9%、褐藻粉3%、维生素0.2%、矿物质0.5%、虾红素0.07%、叶黄素0.1%、角豆胶0.3%，鹿角菜胶1.0%、魔芋胶1.5%、氯化胆碱0.1%、丙酸钙0.1%、卵磷脂0.1%、山梨酸钾0.03%、益生元0.1%。
实施例2
一种凝胶鱼粮，其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉25%、丰年虫卵5%、南极磷虾粉10%、鱿鱼粉7%、麦麸4%、胚芽10%、啤酒酵母8%、螺旋藻10%、褐藻粉10%、维生素1.0%、矿物质0.9%、虾红素0.08%、叶黄素1.0%、角豆胶0.8%、鹿角菜胶2.5%、魔芋胶3.0%、氯化胆碱0.5%、丙酸钙0.2%、卵磷脂0.5%、山梨酸钾0.02%、益生元0.5%。
实施例3
一种凝胶鱼粮，其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉30%、丰年虫卵10%、南极磷虾粉16%、鱿鱼粉5%、麦麸5%、胚芽7%、啤酒酵母6%、螺旋藻6%、褐藻粉7%、维生素0.6%、矿物质1.0%、虾红素0.07%、叶黄素0.5 %、角豆胶0.5 %，鹿角菜胶1.8%，魔芋胶2.3%，氯化胆碱0.4%、丙酸钙0.2%、卵磷脂0.3%、山梨酸钾0.03%、益生元0.3%。
实施例4
一种凝胶鱼粮，其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉30%、丰年虫卵15%、南极磷虾粉11%、鱿鱼粉5%、麦麸5%、胚芽7%、啤酒酵母6%、螺旋藻6%、褐藻粉7%、维生素0.6%、矿物质1.0%、虾红素0.07%、叶黄素0.5 %、角豆胶0.5 %，鹿角菜胶2.0%，魔芋胶2.0%，氯化胆碱0.3%、丙酸钙0.2%、卵磷脂0.3%、山梨酸钾0.03%、益生元0.5%。
实施例5
实施例1-4凝胶鱼粮的制备工艺为：
1、配料：将各种原料按照配比称量；
2、混合粉碎：将原料（除了100目以上的原料）混合，进入粉碎机，粉碎至混合料90%过60目的筛网；
3、二次混合：将所得粉碎料与余下100目以上的原料混合均匀；
4、制粒：称取加热至50-95℃、重量占原料总重量40-70%的水，与步骤3所得混合料搅拌均匀，放于摇摆式制粒机中制粒，过10目筛；
5、干燥：将制粒后的颗粒放于70-120℃中烘干至水分在5%以下；
6、破碎：将烘干的颗粒放于破碎机中破碎，成品过30目筛。
应理解，以上的描述仅为举例，而非对本发明的限制。所有在本发明基础上作出的同等替换和修改均落入本发明的范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种凝胶鱼粮，其特征在于：其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉25-35％、丰年虫卵5-15％、南极磷虾粉10-20％、鱿鱼粉2-7％、麦麸3-6％、胚芽5-10％、啤酒酵母2-8％、螺旋藻4-10％、褐藻粉3-10％、维生素0.2-1.0％、矿物质0.5-1.5％、虾红素0.01-0.1％、叶黄素0.1-1.0％、角豆胶0.3-0.8％、鹿角菜胶1.0-2.5％、魔芋胶1.5-3.0％、氯化胆碱0.1-0.5％、丙酸钙0.1-0.2％、卵磷脂0.1-0.5％、山梨酸钾0.01-0.05％、益生元0.1-0.5％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝胶鱼粮，其特征在于：所述凝胶鱼粮中粗蛋白≥40％，粗脂肪≥3％，粗纤维≤5％，灰分≤15％，水分≤9％，钙≤2.5％，磷≥0.6％，赖氨酸≥1.8％，蛋氨酸≥0.6％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝胶鱼粮，其特征在于：其由以下重量百分比的原料制成：鲱鱼粉30％、丰年虫卵15％、南极磷虾粉11％、鱿鱼粉5％、麦麸5％、胚芽7％、啤酒酵母6％、螺旋藻6％、褐藻粉7％、维生素0.6％、矿物质1.0％、虾红素0.07％、叶黄素0.5％、角豆胶0.5％，鹿角菜胶2.0％，魔芋胶2.0％，氯化胆碱0.3％、丙酸钙0.2％、卵磷脂0.3％、山梨酸钾0.03％、益生元0.5％。
4.一种制备权利要求1所述凝胶鱼粮的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按配方量取各原料，粉碎、混合；
2)加入温度为50-95℃，重量为原料总重量40-70％的水，搅拌均匀，制粒、过筛；
3)将制粒后的颗粒烘干至水分在5％以下，破碎，过筛。
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