CN103947468A - Mulberry branch trimming, collecting and ridging machine - Google Patents
Mulberry branch trimming, collecting and ridging machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103947468A CN103947468A CN201410202462.1A CN201410202462A CN103947468A CN 103947468 A CN103947468 A CN 103947468A CN 201410202462 A CN201410202462 A CN 201410202462A CN 103947468 A CN103947468 A CN 103947468A
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- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000218213 Morus <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009366 sericulture Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，包括拖拉机、螺旋式扶秆器、螺旋输送器、覆土圆盘和收集箱，在拖拉机一端的机架上设有螺旋式扶秆器、切割器和传送带，在拖拉机底盘上设有辊子输送器和覆土圆盘，另一端设有收集箱，田间作业时，机架两端的倾斜设置的螺旋式扶秆器相向转动拨动桑树枝条，使螺旋式扶秆器两端的桑树枝条向中间靠拢，桑树枝条的顶端受到螺旋式扶秆器的挤压向地面方向倾斜，切割器是由圆盘切刀和液压马达组成，圆盘切刀在液压马达的带动下旋转，靠近地面切断桑树枝条，由传送带送入辊子输送器，辊子输送器加速运动将桑树枝条抛入收集箱，覆土圆盘在动力的带动下，从垄间取土，将土覆盖在桑树枝条切茬处。
The invention provides a mulberry tree branch pruning, collecting and cultivating machine, which includes a tractor, a screw-type stalk lifter, a screw conveyor, a soil-covering disc and a collection box, and a screw-type stalk lifter, a cutter and a The conveyor belt is equipped with a roller conveyor and a soil-covering disc on the chassis of the tractor, and a collection box at the other end. When working in the field, the inclined spiral stalk lifters at both ends of the frame rotate in opposite directions to move the mulberry branches, so that the spiral stalk lifters The mulberry branches at both ends of the stalk device move closer to the middle, and the top of the mulberry branch is squeezed by the spiral stalk lifter and tilts toward the ground. The cutter is composed of a disc cutter and a hydraulic motor, and the disc cutter is driven by the hydraulic motor. Rotate down, cut off the mulberry branches close to the ground, and send them to the roller conveyor by the conveyor belt. The roller conveyor accelerates and throws the mulberry branches into the collection box. Where branches are cut.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明提供一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，属于农业机械技术领域。 The invention provides a mulberry tree branch pruning, collecting and cultivating machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
背景技术 Background technique
我国北方养蚕一年两季，分为春蚕和秋蚕，桑树是多年生的植物，为了适合两季蚕的采食桑叶的需要，种植丛生的桑树，当春蚕和秋蚕结束后，由于气温的变化，桑树停止生长进入休眠期，将地上的发病的枝条、冗枝全部剪掉，每年进行两次，第一次在6月份，第二次在11月份，现在桑树枝条的修剪都采用人工，紧贴地面人工用剪刀剪掉桑树枝条，剪掉的枝条在人工收集，最后用铁锨对桑树的根部培土，使重新发芽生枝，劳动强度大，效率低，成本高。 Sericulture in northern China has two seasons a year, divided into spring silkworm and autumn silkworm. Mulberry trees are perennial plants. The mulberry tree stops growing and enters the dormant period, and all the diseased branches and redundant branches on the ground are cut off. It is carried out twice a year, the first time is in June, and the second time is in November. Now the pruning of mulberry branches is done manually. , close to the ground and manually cut off the mulberry branches with scissors, the cut branches are collected manually, and finally the roots of the mulberry trees are cultivated with shovels to re-germinate and grow branches. The labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种能克服现有桑树枝条修剪收集培土时存在生产效率低、劳动强度大、费工费时的缺点，实现桑树枝条修剪收集培土联合作业机械化，降低生产成本，减轻劳动强度。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can overcome the disadvantages of low production efficiency, high labor intensity, labor-intensive and time-consuming when the existing mulberry branches are pruned, collected and cultivated, and realize the mechanization of the joint operation of mulberry branches pruning, collecting and cultivating the soil, reduce production costs, and reduce labor intensity. .
其技术方案为。 Its technical scheme is.
包括拖拉机、螺旋式扶秆器、螺旋输送器、覆土圆盘和收集箱，在拖拉机一端的机架上设有螺旋式扶秆器、螺旋输送器、切割器和传送带，在拖拉机底盘上设有辊子输送器和覆土圆盘，另一端设有收集箱，田间作业时，机架两端的螺旋式扶秆器相向转动拨动桑树枝条，螺旋式扶秆器在机架上倾斜设置，螺旋轴线与地面水平线的夹角45～70°，将两端的桑树枝条拨动并向中间靠拢，桑树枝条的顶端受到螺旋式扶秆器的挤压向地面方向倾斜，切割器固定在机架上，是由液压马达和圆盘切刀组成，在液压马达带动下，圆盘切刀旋转，在靠近地表面处切断桑树枝条，圆盘切刀旋转产生的抛切力将桑树枝条抛入螺旋输送器，由螺旋输送器进入传送带，再由传送带送入辊子输送器，辊子输送器加速运动将桑树枝条抛入收集箱，同时覆土圆盘，覆土圆盘在动力的带动下，从垄间取土，将土覆盖在桑树枝条切茬处，实现自动培土。 Including tractor, screw-type stalk lifter, screw conveyor, soil-covering disc and collection box, the screw-type stalk lifter, screw conveyor, cutter and conveyor belt are arranged on the frame at one end of the tractor, and the tractor chassis is equipped with The roller conveyor and the soil-covering disc have a collection box at the other end. During field operations, the spiral straw lifters at both ends of the frame rotate in opposite directions to move the mulberry branches. The spiral straw lifters are installed obliquely on the frame. The angle between the horizontal line on the ground is 45-70°. Move the mulberry branches at both ends and move them closer to the middle. The top of the mulberry branches is squeezed by the spiral stalk lifter and tilts toward the ground. The cutter is fixed on the frame. Composed of a hydraulic motor and a disc cutter, driven by the hydraulic motor, the disc cutter rotates to cut off the mulberry branches near the ground surface, and the throwing force generated by the rotation of the disc cutter throws the mulberry branches into the screw conveyor, and the The screw conveyor enters the conveyor belt, and then is sent to the roller conveyor by the conveyor belt. The roller conveyor accelerates and throws the mulberry branches into the collection box. At the same time, the soil-covering disc is driven by the power. Cover the stubble of mulberry branches to realize automatic soil cultivation.
所述的一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，螺旋式扶秆器为空心辊轴，在空心辊轴的外圆面上固定安装螺旋叶片，机架两端的螺旋式扶秆器两个相向运动。 The described mulberry branch pruning, collecting and cultivating machine has a spiral stalk lifter which is a hollow roller shaft, on which a helical blade is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the hollow roll shaft, and the two spiral stalk lifters at both ends of the frame move towards each other.
所述的一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，螺旋输送器分为两段，一段左旋，另一段右旋，将桑树枝条汇集到中间。 In the described mulberry branch pruning, collecting and soil-cultivating machine, the screw conveyor is divided into two sections, one section is left-handed, and the other section is right-handed, so that the mulberry branches are collected in the middle.
所述的一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，辊子输送器由条杆和皮带轮组成，条杆贯穿辊子输送器两端的框架，条杆一端设有皮带轮，皮带缠绕在皮带轮的外圆面上，在动力的带动下，皮带转动条杆随动，桑树枝条的在辊子输送器上运动，辊子输送器可分成两段，两套独力的动力传动系统，，靠近传送带端转速慢，靠近收集箱端的辊子输送器转速快，具有一定的加速度，抛物运动实现桑树枝条的收集。 Described a kind of mulberry tree branch pruning collects soil cultivating machine, the roller conveyor is made up of bar and belt pulley, and bar runs through the framework of roller conveyor two ends, and bar one end is provided with pulley, and belt is wound on the outer circular surface of pulley, and Driven by the power, the belt rotates and the bar moves accordingly, and the mulberry branches move on the roller conveyor. The roller conveyor can be divided into two sections, two sets of independent power transmission systems, the speed is slow near the end of the conveyor belt, and the roller near the end of the collection box The conveyor rotates fast and has a certain acceleration, and the parabolic motion realizes the collection of mulberry branches.
所述的一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，卸料油缸一端固定在拖拉机底盘上，另一端与收集箱的底面联接，在收集仓设有拉力弹簧。 In the described machine for pruning and collecting mulberry branches, one end of the unloading oil cylinder is fixed on the chassis of the tractor, and the other end is connected with the bottom surface of the collection box, and a tension spring is provided in the collection box.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.
1、桑树枝条修剪收集培土机多个功能集一机，功能强，一次可完成全部作业，修剪、收集和培土等功能。 1. The mulberry branch pruning and collecting machine has multiple functions integrated into one machine, which has strong functions and can complete all operations at one time, including functions such as pruning, collecting and cultivating soil.
2、在拖拉机上固定卸料油缸，油缸的上升带动收集箱上升，收集箱的落料口挡板受重力的作用打开，桑树枝条从收集箱中下落，卸料完成后受弹簧的拉力自动关闭，实现自动卸料。 2. Fix the unloading oil cylinder on the tractor, the rise of the oil cylinder drives the collection box to rise, the baffle plate of the discharge port of the collection box is opened by gravity, the mulberry branches fall from the collection box, and it is automatically closed by the tension of the spring after the unloading is completed , to realize automatic unloading.
3、螺旋输送器是空心圆管的固定安装螺旋叶片，由于螺旋具有轴向推力，分成两段，一段左旋，另一段右旋，最后将枝条汇聚到中间。 3. The screw conveyor is a fixed helical blade of a hollow circular tube. Due to the axial thrust of the helix, it is divided into two sections, one section is left-handed and the other is right-handed, and finally the branches are gathered in the middle.
4、辊子输送器可分为两段，分别由两个电机带动，辊子输送器转速不一致，靠近传送带端的输送器电机转速慢，靠近收集箱端的辊子输送器转速快，抛物运动实现桑树枝条的收集。 4. The roller conveyor can be divided into two sections, which are respectively driven by two motors. The speed of the roller conveyor is inconsistent. The motor speed of the conveyor near the end of the conveyor belt is slow, and the speed of the roller conveyor near the end of the collection box is fast. The parabolic movement realizes the collection of mulberry branches. .
附图说明。 Description of drawings.
图1是本发明实施例的主视结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例的切割器的结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明实施例的螺旋输送器的结构示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a screw conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明实施例的辊子输送器的结构示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a roller conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
其中图中：1、拖拉机 2、螺旋式扶秆器 3、螺旋输送器 4、传送带 5、覆土圆盘 6、辊子输送器 7、卸料油缸 8、拉力弹簧 9、收集箱 10、圆盘切刀 11、液压马达 12、条杆 13、皮带轮。 In the figure: 1. Tractor 2. Spiral stalk lifter 3. Screw conveyor 4. Conveyor belt 5. Soil covering disc 6. Roller conveyor 7. Unloading oil cylinder 8. Tension spring 9. Collection box 10. Disc cutter Knife 11, hydraulic motor 12, bar bar 13, belt pulley.
具体实施方式。 Detailed ways.
实施例1。 Example 1.
在1～4所示的实施例中，一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，包括拖拉机1、螺旋式扶秆器2、螺旋输送器3、覆土圆盘5和收集箱9，在拖拉机1一端的机架上设有螺旋式扶秆器2、螺旋输送器3、切割器和传送带4，在拖拉机1底盘上设有辊子输送器6和覆土圆盘5，另一端设有收集箱9，其中螺旋式扶秆器2为空心辊轴，在空心辊轴的外圆面上固定安装螺旋叶片，机架两端的螺旋式扶秆器2两个相向运动，田间作业时，机架两端的螺旋式扶秆器2相向转动拨动桑树枝条，螺旋式扶秆器2在机架上倾斜设置，将两端的桑树枝条拨动并向中间靠拢，桑树枝条的顶端受到螺旋式扶秆器2的挤压向地面方向倾斜，螺旋轴线与地面水平线的夹角45°，切割器固定在机架上，是由液压马达11和圆盘切刀10组成，在液压马达11带动下，圆盘切刀10旋转，在靠近地表面处切断桑树枝条，圆盘切刀10旋转产生的抛切力将桑树枝条抛入螺旋输送器3，螺旋输送器3是空心圆管的固定安装螺旋叶片，分成两段，一段左旋，另一段右旋，由于螺旋具有轴向推力，最后将枝条汇聚到中间，由螺旋输送器3进入传送带4，再由传送带4送入辊子输送器6，辊子输送器6由条杆12和皮带轮13组成，条杆12贯穿辊子输送器6框架两端，条杆12一端设有皮带轮13，皮带缠绕在皮带轮13的外圆面上，在动力的带动下，皮带转动条杆12随动，桑树枝条的在辊子输送器6上运动，辊子输送器6可分成两段，靠近传送带4端转速慢，靠近收集箱9端的辊子输送器转速快，具有一定的加速度，抛物运动实现桑树枝条的收集，在拖拉机上固定卸料油缸7，卸料油缸7的上升带动收集箱上升，收集箱9的落料口挡板受重力的作用打开，桑树枝条从收集箱9中下落，卸料完成后受拉力弹簧8的拉力自动关闭，实现自动卸料，同时覆土圆盘5在动力的带动下，从垄间取土，将土覆盖在桑树枝条切茬处，实现自动培土。 In the embodiment shown in 1～4, a kind of mulberry tree branch pruning collects soil cultivating machine, comprises tractor 1, screw type stalk supporter 2, screw conveyor 3, covering soil disc 5 and collection box 9, at one end of tractor 1 The frame is provided with a spiral stalk lifter 2, a screw conveyor 3, a cutter and a conveyor belt 4, a roller conveyor 6 and a soil covering disc 5 are provided on the chassis of the tractor 1, and a collection box 9 is provided at the other end, in which the spiral The stalk lifter 2 is a hollow roller shaft, and the spiral blades are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the hollow roll shaft. The two spiral stalk lifters 2 at both ends of the frame move in opposite directions. The stalks 2 rotate in opposite directions to move the mulberry branches. The spiral stalk lifter 2 is installed obliquely on the frame, and the mulberry branches at both ends are moved and moved closer to the middle. The direction of the ground is inclined, and the angle between the spiral axis and the ground horizontal line is 45°. The cutter is fixed on the frame and is composed of a hydraulic motor 11 and a disc cutter 10. Driven by the hydraulic motor 11, the disc cutter 10 rotates. Cut off the mulberry branches near the ground surface, and the throwing force generated by the rotation of the disc cutter 10 throws the mulberry branches into the screw conveyor 3. The screw conveyor 3 is a fixed helical blade of a hollow circular tube, which is divided into two sections, one section is left-handed , the other section is right-handed, because the spiral has an axial thrust, and finally the branches are gathered in the middle, and the screw conveyor 3 enters the conveyor belt 4, and then the conveyor belt 4 is sent to the roller conveyor 6, and the roller conveyor 6 is formed by the bar 12 and the pulley. 13, the bar 12 runs through both ends of the roller conveyor 6 frame, and one end of the bar 12 is provided with a pulley 13, and the belt is wound on the outer circular surface of the pulley 13, driven by the power, the belt rotates and the bar 12 moves, and the mulberry tree Branches move on the roller conveyor 6, and the roller conveyor 6 can be divided into two sections. The rotating speed is slow near the 4 ends of the conveyor belt, and the rotating speed of the roller conveyor near the collection box 9 ends is fast, with a certain acceleration. The parabolic motion realizes the collection of mulberry branches. Fix the unloading oil cylinder 7 on the tractor, the rise of the unloading oil cylinder 7 drives the collection box to rise, the baffle plate of the discharge port of the collection box 9 is opened by gravity, the mulberry branches fall from the collection box 9, and the tension is applied after the unloading is completed The tension of the spring 8 is automatically closed to realize automatic unloading, and simultaneously the earth-covering disk 5 is driven by power to take soil from the ridges, and the soil is covered at the stubble-cutting place of the mulberry branches to realize automatic soil cultivation.
实施例2。 Example 2.
在1～4所示的实施例中，一种桑树枝条修剪收集培土机，包括拖拉机1、螺旋式扶秆器2、螺旋输送器3、覆土圆盘5和收集箱9，在拖拉机1一端的机架上设有螺旋式扶秆器2、螺旋输送器3、切割器和传送带4，在拖拉机1底盘上设有辊子输送器6和覆土圆盘5，另一端设有收集箱9，其中螺旋式扶秆器2为空心辊轴，在空心辊轴的外圆面上固定安装螺旋叶片，机架两端的螺旋式扶秆器2两个相向运动，田间作业时，机架两端的螺旋式扶秆器2相向转动拨动桑树枝条，螺旋式扶秆器2在机架上倾斜设置，将两端的桑树枝条拨动并向中间靠拢，桑树枝条的顶端受到螺旋式扶秆器2的挤压向地面方向倾斜，螺旋轴线与地面水平线的夹角60°，切割器固定在机架上，是由液压马达11和圆盘切刀10组成，在液压马达11带动下，圆盘切刀10旋转，在靠近地表面处切断桑树枝条，圆盘切刀10旋转产生的抛切力将桑树枝条抛入螺旋输送器3，螺旋输送器3是空心圆管，空心圆管外圆面上的固定安装螺旋叶片，分成两段，一段左旋，另一段右旋，由于螺旋具有轴向推力，最后将枝条汇聚到中间，由螺旋输送器3进入传送带4，再由传送带4送入辊子输送器6，辊子输送器6由条杆12和皮带轮13组成，条杆12贯穿辊子输送器6框架两端，条杆12一端设有皮带轮13，皮带缠绕在皮带轮13的外圆面上，在动力的带动下，皮带转动条杆12随动，桑树枝条的在辊子输送器6上运动，辊子输送器6可分成两段，两套独力的动力传动系统，靠近传送带4端转速慢，靠近收集箱9端的辊子输送器转速快，具有一定的加速度，抛物运动实现桑树枝条的收集，在拖拉机上固定卸料油缸7，卸料油缸7的上升带动收集箱上升，收集箱9的落料口挡板受重力的作用打开，桑树枝条从收集箱9中下落，卸料完成后受拉力弹簧8的拉力自动关闭，实现自动卸料，同时覆土圆盘5在动力的带动下，从垄间取土，将土覆盖在桑树枝条切茬处，实现自动培土。 In the embodiment shown in 1～4, a kind of mulberry tree branch pruning collects soil cultivating machine, comprises tractor 1, screw type stalk supporter 2, screw conveyor 3, covering soil disc 5 and collection box 9, at one end of tractor 1 The frame is provided with a spiral stalk lifter 2, a screw conveyor 3, a cutter and a conveyor belt 4, a roller conveyor 6 and a soil covering disc 5 are provided on the chassis of the tractor 1, and a collection box 9 is provided at the other end, in which the spiral The stalk lifter 2 is a hollow roller shaft, and the spiral blades are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the hollow roll shaft. The two spiral stalk lifters 2 at both ends of the frame move in opposite directions. The stalks 2 rotate in opposite directions to move the mulberry branches. The spiral stalk lifter 2 is installed obliquely on the frame, and the mulberry branches at both ends are moved and moved closer to the middle. The direction of the ground is inclined, and the angle between the spiral axis and the horizontal line of the ground is 60°. The cutter is fixed on the frame and is composed of a hydraulic motor 11 and a disc cutter 10. Driven by the hydraulic motor 11, the disc cutter 10 rotates. Cut off the mulberry branches close to the ground surface, and the throwing force generated by the rotation of the disc cutter 10 throws the mulberry branches into the screw conveyor 3, and the screw conveyor 3 is a hollow tube, and the fixed installation screw on the outer surface of the hollow tube The leaves are divided into two sections, one is left-handed and the other is right-handed. Due to the axial thrust of the spiral, the branches are finally gathered in the middle, and then enter the conveyor belt 4 by the screw conveyor 3, and then sent to the roller conveyor 6 by the conveyor belt 4, and the rollers convey Device 6 is made up of bar 12 and belt pulley 13, and bar 12 runs through the two ends of roller conveyor 6 frame, and bar 12 one end is provided with pulley 13, and belt is wound on the outer circular surface of belt pulley 13, and under the drive of power, belt Rotate the bar 12 to follow, the mulberry branches move on the roller conveyor 6, the roller conveyor 6 can be divided into two sections, two sets of independent power transmission systems, the speed is slow near the 4th end of the conveyor belt, and the roller conveyor near the 9th end of the collection box The speed is fast, with a certain acceleration, and the parabolic movement realizes the collection of mulberry branches. The unloading cylinder 7 is fixed on the tractor. The rise of the unloading cylinder 7 drives the collection box to rise, and the baffle plate of the discharge port of the collection box 9 is opened by gravity. , the mulberry branches fall from the collection box 9, and after the discharge is completed, they are automatically closed by the tension of the tension spring 8 to realize automatic discharge. At the same time, the soil-covering disc 5 is driven by power to take soil from the ridges and cover the soil on the mulberry trees. At the place where the branches are cut, the soil can be automatically cultivated.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明型的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明型技术方案的保护范围。 The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify the equivalent of equivalent changes. Embodiments, as long as they do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention. the
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| CN107278640A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-24 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Self-propelled cotton is intelligently pinched sterilization integrated machine |
| CN110801041A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-02-18 | 贵州大学 | A kind of paper mulberry leaf separation device |
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