CN103944388B - Power converter controller with multiple power sources - Google Patents

Power converter controller with multiple power sources Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103944388B
CN103944388B CN201410030696.2A CN201410030696A CN103944388B CN 103944388 B CN103944388 B CN 103944388B CN 201410030696 A CN201410030696 A CN 201410030696A CN 103944388 B CN103944388 B CN 103944388B
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terminal
bypass
voltage
circuit
coupled
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CN201410030696.2A
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CN103944388A (en
Inventor
A·B·詹格里安
S·刘
L·伦德
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Power Integrations Inc
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Power Integrations Inc
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Priority claimed from US13/747,089 external-priority patent/US9331587B2/en
Application filed by Power Integrations Inc filed Critical Power Integrations Inc
Priority to CN201810508008.7A priority Critical patent/CN108649801B/en
Publication of CN103944388A publication Critical patent/CN103944388A/en
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Abstract

A kind of controller, including bypass terminal, the first power circuit, the second power circuit and charging control circuit.The bypass terminal is coupled to feed-through capacitor, which is coupled to the primary side of isolated power converters.First power circuit is coupled to the bypass terminal and first terminal, which is coupled to the first node of the primary side.Charge is transferred to the bypass terminal by first power circuit from the first terminal, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor.Second power circuit is coupled to the bypass terminal and Second terminal, which is coupled to the section point of the primary side.Charge is transferred to the bypass terminal by second power circuit from the Second terminal, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor.The charging control circuit controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit by charge transfer to the bypass terminal.

Description

Power converter controller with multiple power sources
Technical field
Present disclosure is related to power converter, and more specifically, is related to the control for isolated power converters Circuit.
Background technology
Switched mode power converter（switch mode power converter）Be widely used in household appliance and In industrial appliances, by low frequency（For example, 50Hz or 60Hz）High voltage exchanges（ac）Input voltage is converted into required level Direct current（dc）Output voltage.For example, switched mode power converter can be included in usually used electronic equipment（Such as with In the battery charger of mobile electronic device）In.Because various types of switched mode power converters is good adjusted Output, high efficiency and small size and their security feature and protection feature, so they are welcome.Switching mode The welcome topological structure of power converter includes：Flyback type（flyback）, positive type（forward）, push-pull type（push- pull）And bridge-type（full bridge）And many other topological structures including resonance-type.
Challenge in the market of switched mode power converter is to improve the efficiency of power converter, while maintains high property Energy.Typical power converter can include a variety of circuit blocks of dissipated power in the process of running.For example, power converter It can be included in switched mode power converter and sense output voltage and the switching of control power so that output voltage is adjusted to institute The control circuit of desired value.Some circuit blocks of the power converter（For example, the control circuit）It can be from more than appropriate The required voltage level of operation is powered.Use the power supply circuit component of the power converter more than required voltage level It can cause the excessive power dissipation and overall efficiency of power converter.
The content of the invention
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of controller, including：
Bypass terminal, is coupled to feed-through capacitor, and the feed-through capacitor is coupled to isolated power converters Primary side；
First power circuit is coupled to the bypass terminal and first terminal, wherein the first terminal is waited to be coupled To the first node of the primary side, and wherein described first power circuit is coupled to pass charge from the first terminal The bypass terminal is handed to, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor；
Second power circuit is coupled to the bypass terminal and Second terminal, wherein the Second terminal is waited to be coupled To the section point of the primary side, and wherein described second power circuit is coupled to pass charge from the Second terminal The bypass terminal is handed to, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor；And
Charging control circuit is coupled in response to the bypass voltage of generation at the bypass terminal and described second At least one in voltage at terminal controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit by electricity Lotus is transferred to the bypass terminal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of ic package is provided, including：
Secondary controller, including：
First terminal, Second terminal and bypass terminal, wherein the bypass terminal is coupled to feed-through capacitor, it is described Feed-through capacitor is coupled to the primary side of isolated power converters；
First power circuit is coupled to charge being transferred to the bypass terminal from the first terminal, to be stored in On the feed-through capacitor；
Second power circuit is coupled to charge being transferred to the bypass terminal from the Second terminal, to be stored in On the feed-through capacitor；
Charging control circuit is coupled in response to the bypass voltage of generation at the bypass terminal and described second At least one in voltage at terminal controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit by electricity Lotus is transferred to the bypass terminal；And
Secondary switching circuit is coupled to transmit a signal to the primary side of the isolated power converters；
Docket No, be coupled to receive transmitted signal, and the signal in response to being transmitted controls power Switch；And
Encapsulated member, wherein the Docket No and the secondary controller are disposed in the encapsulated member.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of power converter is provided, including：
Energy transfer element is included in the armature winding in the primary side of the power converter and is converted in the power Secondary windings in the primary side of device；
Feed-through capacitor is coupled to the primary side of the power converter；
Power switch is coupled to the armature winding；
Secondary controller, including：
First power circuit is coupled to the first node of charge from the primary side being transferred to the shunt capacitance Device；
Second power circuit is coupled to the section point of charge from the primary side being transferred to the shunt capacitance Device；
Charging control circuit is coupled to bypass voltage in response to being generated at the feed-through capacitor both ends and described At least one in voltage at section point controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit By charge transfer to the feed-through capacitor；And
Secondary switching circuit is coupled to transmit a signal to the primary side of the isolated power converters；With And
Docket No is coupled to receive transmitted signal, and the signal in response to being transmitted is described to control The state of power switch.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, a kind of method for controlling isolated power converters, the side are provided Method includes：
Charge is transferred to bypass terminal from first terminal, the isolated power converters are coupled to be stored in On the feed-through capacitor of primary side, wherein the first terminal is coupled to the first node of the primary side；
Charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from Second terminal, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor, wherein described Second terminal is coupled to the section point of the primary side；And
In response at the bypass terminal generate bypass voltage and in the voltage at the Second terminal at least One controls the charge transfer of the bypass terminal.
Description of the drawings
In the present disclosure nonrestrictive and nonexhaustive embodiment is described with reference to drawings below, wherein each In view, identical reference number refers to identical part, unless otherwise prescribed.
Fig. 1 is the illustrative isolation according to the schematic diagram of illustrative isolated power converters in the present disclosure Formula power converter includes Docket No, secondary controller and power switch（power switch）.
Fig. 2 is according to the functional block diagram of illustrative ic package in the present disclosure, this is illustrative integrated Circuit package includes illustrative Docket No, illustrative secondary controller and illustrative power switch.
Fig. 3 A-3B are to be used to control the exemplary of isolated power converters in start-up course according in the present disclosure Method flow chart.
Fig. 4 is according to the illustrative side in the present disclosure for control isolated power converters during the adjustment The flow chart of method.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram according to the illustrative charging control circuit of secondary controller in the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram according to the illustrative output voltage comparison circuit of charging control circuit in the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram according to illustrative first power circuit of secondary controller in the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram according to illustrative second power circuit of secondary controller in the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 shows the output capacitor according to power converter in the present disclosure and the voltage at feed-through capacitor both ends Illustrative voltage waveform and sequence diagram for controlling the control signal of the charging of the feed-through capacitor.
In these views of attached drawing, corresponding reference number indicates corresponding component.Those skilled in the art will anticipate Know, the element in attached drawing shows in order to simple and clear, and is not drawn necessarily to scale.For example, one in figure The size of a little elements can be amplified compared with other elements, to help to promote the reason to each embodiment in the present disclosure Solution.In addition, usually without describing useful in commercially viable embodiment or necessary common and well known element, so as to In the view for interfering each embodiment in the present disclosure smaller.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, numerous details are illustrated, to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention.However, ability The those of ordinary skill in domain will become apparent from, and the practice present invention is without the detail.In other cases, do not retouch in detail Well known material or method are stated, to avoid the fuzzy present invention.
This specification mentions " embodiment ", " embodiment ", " one embodiment " or " embodiment " It is meant that it is included in at least one of the present invention with reference to the embodiment or the specific features of embodiment description, structure or characteristic In embodiment.Therefore, this specification many places occur phrase " in one embodiment ", " in an embodiment In ", " one embodiment " or " embodiment " identical embodiment or embodiment may not be all referred to.Furthermore the specific spy Sign, structure or characteristic can in one or more embodiments or embodiment in any suitable combination and/or sub-portfolio combine. It is described that specific features, structure or characteristic can be included in integrated circuit, electronic circuit, combinational logic circuit or other offers In the suitable component of function.In addition, it should be appreciated that figure provided herein be in order to be explained to those of ordinary skill in the art, And these figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Included passing through energy transfer element according to isolated power converters in the present disclosure（For example, coupling inductor） It is galvanically isolated each other（galvanically isolated）Docket No and secondary controller.In other words, it is applied to input Dc voltages between side and outlet side will generate substantially zeroed electric current.
The Docket No is coupled to control the power switch in the primary side of the isolated power converters, so as to Control the energy transmission of the secondary windings from the armature winding of the energy transfer element to the energy transfer element.The secondary is controlled Device processed is coupled to the circuit block in the primary side of the isolated power converters.Although the Docket No and the secondary are controlled Device processed is galvanically isolated each other, but a signal transmission to the Docket No, the signal can be controlled this first by the secondary controller How grade controller switches the power switch to transfer energy to the primary side.
The primary side of the isolated power converters includes providing the bypass of operation power to the circuit of the secondary controller Capacitor.Secondary controller in the present disclosure can make the feed-through capacitor charge from multiple nodes of the primary side, should The level that the bypass voltage adjustment at feed-through capacitor both ends is enough the circuit for running the secondary controller at one.It is described herein One embodiment in, which can be from the first node for being connected to the secondary windings and to be connected to this isolated The section point of the output terminal of power converter makes the feed-through capacitor charge.
The secondary controller may be in response to a variety of different service conditions（The amplitude of such as bypass voltage and/or second The amplitude of output voltage at node）Which of the first node and the section point to be selected to fill the feed-through capacitor Electricity.In general, the output voltage at section point is insufficient to allow the feed-through capacitor to charge to adjusted bypass voltage When, which can be used first node that the feed-through capacitor is made to charge to adjusted bypass voltage.Work as section point When the output voltage at place is increased sufficiently to make the feed-through capacitor charge to adjusted bypass voltage, which can be from It is transformed into using first node using section point.
It, should when initial value increase of the output voltage from zero volt in the start-up course of the isolated power converters Secondary controller may be used at the secondary winding voltage of generation at first node the feed-through capacitor to be made to charge.In start-up course In, which can be used secondary winding voltage, because the output voltage of the isolated power converters can be initially In the level that the feed-through capacitor is insufficient to allow to charge.In start-up course, in response at secondary windings generate voltage, The output voltage of the isolated power converters can increase.After a period of time, the output electricity of the isolated power converters Pressure increases to the level for being enough that the feed-through capacitor is made to charge.It is enough the feed-through capacitor is made to charge when output voltage has reached Level when, which can be from using the first node feed-through capacitor charging is made to be transformed into section point be used to make this Feed-through capacitor charges.
In the normal course of operation of the isolated power converters, the output voltage of the power converter can be adjusted In the level for being enough the feed-through capacitor is made to charge.Therefore, in the normal course of operation of the isolated power converters, this time Grade controller can continue from secondary nodes the feed-through capacitor to be made to charge.However, in some cases, the isolated power conversion Excessive load at the output of device（excessive loading）The output voltage can be caused to drop to and be insufficient to allow the bypass The level that capacitor charges.When the output voltage is dropped, which can be from using the section point to make the bypass electric Condenser charge is changed back to makes the feed-through capacitor charge using the first node at the secondary windings.Then, which controls Device may be in response to that the output voltage reaches the level for being enough to make the feed-through capacitor to charge and changing back to is made using section point The feed-through capacitor charges.
The secondary controller is in multiple power sources（power source）Between the ability that makes choice effective percentage can be provided Feed-through capacitor charge because in the exemplary operational process of the isolated power converters, which can slave phase To relatively low voltage（For example, the output voltage）It charges.The ability made choice between multiple power sources can also provide this The reliable charging of feed-through capacitor, because in the process of running, when the relatively low charging voltage of the isolated power converters（Example Such as, the output voltage）During decline, which can switch to higher charging voltage（For example, the secondary windings）.
It is described referring now to Fig. 1-9 according to illustrative isolated power converters in the present disclosure.Fig. 1-2 is instantiated One illustrative isolated power converters, including secondary controller, which is coupled to multiple charging sources Between switch.Fig. 3 A, 3B and 4 are shown for the output electricity in start-up course and in power converter in the present disclosure Pressure has reached the method for running the power converter after desired adjusted output voltage.Fig. 5-8 shows in more detail The illustrative circuit of the secondary controller is gone out.Fig. 9 is instantiated in the operational process of an illustrative power converter Output voltage and the control signal of bypass voltage and the secondary controller.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to illustrative power converter 100 in the present disclosure.Illustrative power converter 100 be the isolated switched mode power converter with flyback topology structure.Power converter 100 includes input terminal 102- 1、102-2（It is referred to as " input terminal 102 "）With leading-out terminal 104-1,104-2（It is referred to as " leading-out terminal 104 "）.Input terminal 102 are coupled to receive input voltage VIN106, input voltage VIN106 can be rectified and filtered ac voltages.For example, Input terminal 102 can be coupled to full-bridge rectifier（full-bridge rectifier）（It is not shown）And filter capacity （It is not shown）, the full-bridge rectifier and filter capacity be coupled to carry out the ac voltages received from ac voltage sources rectification and Filtering.In one embodiment, input voltage VIN106 can be time-varying（time-varying）Dc voltages.As shown, VIN106 using input terminal 102-2 as reference, and input terminal 102-2 can be referred to " input return（input return）102- 2”。
Leading-out terminal 104 is by output voltage VOUT108 are provided to electric loading（It is not shown）, such as tablet computer equipment.In work( After rate converter 100 starts, power converter 100 can be by output voltage VOUT108 value is adjusted to desired adjusted Output voltage values（For example, 5-12Vdc）.Startup can be following a period of time, which is introduced in from power converter 100 VINFrom when 106, until the control circuit of power converter 100 brings into operation to adjust the output voltage of power converter 100 VOUT108.Therefore, output voltage VOUT108 can be referred to " adjusted output voltage ".Leading-out terminal 104 is coupled to output Capacitor 110, with smooth（smooth out）Adjusted output voltage VOUT108.As shown, output voltage VOUT108 Using leading-out terminal 104-2 as reference, leading-out terminal 104-2 can be referred to " output returns to 104-2 ".In one embodiment, it is defeated Going out capacitor 110 can be with the capacitance in the range of approximate 200-600 μ F.
As further shown, power converter 100 includes energy transfer element 112, and energy transfer element 112 is included just Grade winding 114 and secondary windings 116.Energy transfer element 112 is coupled to electric flux being transferred to secondary from primary coil 114 Coil 116.In one embodiment, energy transfer element 112 can be coupling inductor.Be electrically coupled to input terminal 102 with Circuit between armature winding 114 can be referred to " primary side " of power converter 100.Be electrically coupled to secondary windings 116 with it is defeated The circuit gone out between terminal 104 can be referred to " primary side " of power converter 100.Energy transfer element 112 provides power and turns Being galvanically isolated between the circuit in the primary side of parallel operation 100 and the circuit in the primary side of power converter 100.Therefore, apply The dc voltages being added between the primary side and primary side of power converter 100 will generate substantially zeroed electric current.
Power converter 100 includes：Primary side control circuit 118（Hereinafter referred to as " Docket No 118 "）, primary side Control circuit 120（Hereinafter referred to as " secondary controller 120 "）With power switch 122.Docket No 118, secondary controller 120 and power switch 122 be included in ic package（package）In 124, ic package 124 is in Fig. 1 It is illustrated as box.
In one embodiment, ic package 124 can be in encapsulated member（encapsulation）Inside include first IC chip（die）With the second IC chip.Encapsulated member, which can refer to, surrounds or seals one or more integrated electricity The case of road chip and a part of lead frame（encasing）And mold（molding）.First IC chip can wrap Include Docket No 118 and power switch 122.Second IC chip can include secondary controller 120.In another reality It applies in example, ic package 124 can include 3 IC chips in encapsulated member.For example, ic package 124 can include：The first IC chip including power switch 122, the second integrated circuit including Docket No 118 Chip and the 3rd IC chip including secondary controller 120.It chip including Docket No 118 and is controlled including secondary The chip of device 120 processed is galvanically isolated each other.Therefore, secondary controller 120 and Docket No 118 and power switch 122 It is galvanically isolated.Although Docket No 118, secondary controller 120 and power switch 122 are illustrated as being included in single collection Into in circuit package, but in other embodiments, in Docket No 118, secondary controller 120 and power switch 122 It is one or more to be located at outside ic package.For example, power switch 122 can be included in following integrated circuit envelope In piece installing, the ic package and another integrated circuit for including 120 the two of Docket No 118 and secondary controller Packaging part is discrete.
Although Docket No 118 and secondary controller 120 are galvanically isolated each other, Docket No 118 and time Grade controller 120 can communicate with one another.In one embodiment, secondary controller 120 can be by by ic package 124 The insulated conductor of lead frame（isolated conductor）The magnetic coupling communication link of formation comes logical with Docket No 118 Letter.Formula conductive rings are galvanically isolated for example, can be used to be included in the lead frame of ic package 124 （galvanically isolated conductive loop）To implement between Docket No 118 and secondary controller 120 Communication link.In another embodiment, secondary controller 120 can by optical coupling communication link come with Docket No 118 communications.
Circuit outside ic package 124 can be electrically coupled to the packaging part terminal of ic package 124 D126-1, S126-2, PBP126-3, FWD126-4, SR126-5, BP126-6, GND126-7, VOUT126-8 and FB126-9 （It is referred to as " packaging part terminal 126 "）.The packaging part terminal 126 of ic package 124 can include integrated for being connected to The conductive pins of circuit outside circuit package 124（conductive pin）And/or conductive pad（conductive pad）.
Packaging part terminal 126 may be connected to the power switch 122 being included in ic package 124, primary control The terminal of device 118 and secondary controller 120 processed（For example, terminal on an integrated circuit die）.Power switch 122 includes terminal D128-1 and S128-2.Docket No 118 includes terminals P BP128-3.Secondary controller 120 include terminal FWD128-4, SR128-5, BP128-6, GND128-7, VOUT128-8 and FB128-9.Terminal D128-1, S128-2, PBP128-3, FWD128-4, SR128-5, BP128-6, GND128-7, VOUT128-8 and FB128-9 can be included in and be opened including power Close the conductive connections of the ic core on piece of 122, Docket No 118 and secondary controller 120（conductive connection）.GND terminal 128-7 is coupled to leading-out terminal 104-2.In one embodiment, GND terminal 128-7 can be with It is the output return for secondary controller 120.
As shown, Docket No 118 is coupled to the circuit block of the primary side of power converter 100, such as Power switch 122.Secondary controller 120 is coupled to the circuit block of the primary side of power converter 100.For example, secondary control Device 120 processed be coupled to secondary windings 116, leading-out terminal 104, feed-through capacitor 130, circuit of synchronous rectification 132 and other Circuit block.Docket No 118 and secondary controller 120 control the circuit of power converter 100（For example, power switch 122 With synchronous rectification electric current 132）, to control from input terminal 102 to the energy transmission of leading-out terminal 104.
In operation, secondary controller 120 in the present disclosure receives the work(of the primary side from power converter 100 Rate.For example, secondary controller 120 can receive the power from feed-through capacitor 130 to run, feed-through capacitor 130 is in BP Secondary controller 120 is coupled at terminal 128-6.Secondary controller 120 includes the charging and control of control feed-through capacitor 130 The bypass voltage V at 130 both ends of feed-through capacitorBPThe circuit of 134 adjustment.In one embodiment, feed-through capacitor 130 can have There is the capacitance in the range of approximate 1-2 μ F.The feed-through capacitor 130 in start-up course is described in further detail below It charges and bypass voltage VBP134 adjustment and the subsequent operation of power converter 100.
Although Docket No 118 and secondary controller 120 are galvanically isolated each other, secondary controller 120 can be with Enable signal 136 is transmitted to Docket No 118.For example, secondary controller 120 can be sealed via integrated circuit is included in Formula conductive rings are galvanically isolated to transmit enable signal 136 in the lead frame of piece installing 124.Docket No 118 can respond The state of power switch 122 is controlled in the enable signal 136 received from secondary controller 120.
Power switch 122 can be high voltage power switch, it can have the breakdown voltage in the range of 700V to 800V. In one embodiment, power switch 122 can be power metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor（MOSFET）, such as Fig. 2 Middle illustration.As shown, power switch 122 is coupled to armature winding 114 and input returns to 102-2.In power switch 122 be in the embodiment of power MOSFET, and the drain terminal D128-1 of power MOSFET can be coupled to armature winding 114, and And the source terminal S128-2 of power MOSFET can be coupled to input and return to 102-2, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
In operation, the control of Docket No 118 is by power switch 122 and the electric current of armature winding 114.It is general and Speech, power switch 122 may be at " logical（ON）" state（For example, as the switch being closed）It is or " disconnected（OFF）" state（For example, Switch as disconnection）, dependent on the switching drive signal 138 generated by Docket No 118.When power switch 122 is in Logical state（For example, the switch being closed）When, power switch 122 can conduct electric current.When power switch 122 is in disconnected state（Example Such as, the switch of disconnection）When, when voltage is applied in 122 both ends of power switch, power switch 122 cannot conduct electric current.
When power switch 122 is in logical state, increase by the electric current of armature winding 114, so as to store the energy in In energy transfer element 112.In addition, when power switch 122 is in logical state, being generated at 114 both ends of armature winding has the The primary winding voltage V of one polarityP140.When power switch 122 is in logical state, generated at 116 both ends of secondary windings and first Grade winding voltage VP140 have the secondary winding voltage V of opposite polarityS142.As described herein, at power switch 122 When logical state, secondary controller 120 can transfer its energy to feed-through capacitor 130.Clamp circuit 144 is coupled to energy biography The input winding 114 of element 112 is passed, so as to which when power switch 122 changes between logical state and disconnected state, limitation power is opened Close the maximum voltage on 122.
When power switch 122 is in disconnected state, power switch 122 may act as dead circuit, and substantially prevent Electric current passes through power switch 122.When power switch 122 is converted to disconnected state from logical state, secondary winding voltage VS142 allow Energy is passed to output capacitor 110, and power is provided to the electric loading for being connected to the output son 104 by output capacitor 110. In one embodiment, when power switch 122 is converted to disconnected state from logical state, secondary controller 120 can control synchronization Rectification circuit 132 is to serve as the switch of closure so that output capacitor 110 is efficiently charged.For example, in output capacitor In 110 charging process, the transistor of circuit of synchronous rectification 132 may act as with low on-resistance（on-resistance）'s The switch of closure so that the voltage drop at 132 both ends of circuit of synchronous rectification is low.In the charging process of output capacitor 110, Compared with including passive component（For example, diode）Rather than other converter topologies of circuit of synchronous rectification 132, rectified current The low voltage drop at 132 both ends of road can provide the increase of efficiency.Although in some embodiments, power converter 100 includes Circuit of synchronous rectification 132, but power converter 100 may include the inactive rectification component instead of circuit of synchronous rectification 132, such as two Pole pipe.
As shown, Docket No 118 is coupled to power switch 122, to control the state of power switch 122. Docket No 118 generates the switching drive signal 138 of driving power switch 122 in response to enable signal 136.It is opened in power It is in the embodiment of power MOSFET to close 122, and Docket No 118 can be coupled to the grid of power MOSFET, in Fig. 2 Illustrated.In this embodiment, Docket No 118 can be applied more than the gate-source electricity of the starting voltage of power MOSFET Pressure, so that power MOSFET is in logical state.Docket No 118 can apply the starting voltage less than power MOSFET Gate source voltage, so that power MOSFET is in disconnected state.
In operation, Docket No 118 receives the operation from input terminal 102 and/or primary feed-through capacitor 146 Power.As the offer input voltage V at input terminal 102INWhen 106, primary feed-through capacitor 146 can be stored from input terminal 102 energy received.The energy being stored on primary feed-through capacitor 146 can be used as operation power, example by Docket No 118 Such as, to generate switching drive signal 138 in response to the enable signal 136 received from secondary controller 120.In one embodiment In, when power switch 122 is in disconnected state, primary feed-through capacitor 146 can be electrically charged.
Enable signal 138 is transmitted to Docket No 118 by secondary controller 120, to be indicated such as to Docket No 118 What power switched switch 122.Specifically, Docket No 118 is in response to the enable signal 136 that is received from secondary controller 120 To generate the switching drive signal 138 of the state of control power switch 122.Secondary controller 120 can be in response to being sensed The output of power converter 100（For example, electric current and/or voltage）To generate enable signal 136.For example, the secondary controller of Fig. 1 Feedback voltage V at 120 sensing feedback terminal FB128-9FB148（For example, compared with GND terminal 128-7）, and in response to anti- Feedthrough voltage VFB148 generate enable signal 136.In one embodiment, the feedback voltage sensed at FB terminals 128-9 VFB148 be by resistive divider circuit 150 scale through diminution（scaled down）Voltage, it represents power converter 100 Output voltage VOUT108.Although the illustrative secondary controller 120 of Fig. 1 is in response to the power converter 100 that is sensed Output voltage generates enable signal 136, but to arrive, in some embodiments, secondary controller 120 may be in response to other institutes The parameter of sensing（Such as output current of power converter 100 and/or output voltage VOUT108 and output current IOUT121 group It closes）To generate enable signal.
In operation, secondary controller 120 is coupled to enable signal 136 being transmitted to Docket No 118, so as to ring It should be in the feedback voltage V sensedFB148 by output voltage VOUT108 adjustment are at adjusted output voltage values.It is if secondary Grade controller 120 senses, output voltage VOUT108 have responded in feedback voltage VFB148 and deteriorate to less than adjusted defeated Go out a value of voltage value, then secondary controller 120 can generate following enable signal 136, and the enable signal 136 is to primary control Device 118 indicates that Docket No 118 should connect power switch 122.In response to such enable signal 136, Docket No 118 Power switch 122 can be connected, so that output voltage VOUT108 increase towards adjusted output voltage values.If output voltage VOUT108 are greater than or equal to desired adjusted output voltage, then secondary controller 120 can generate following enable signal 136, which indicates that Docket No 118 answers switch-off power to switch 122 to Docket No 118.In response to so Enable signal 136, Docket No 118 can switch-off power switch 122, to maintain output voltage VOUT108。
In one embodiment, secondary controller 120 controls the fortune of circuit of synchronous rectification 132 using SR terminals 128-5 Row, SR terminals 128-5 are connected to the grid of the switch mosfet of circuit of synchronous rectification 132 via packaging part terminal SR126-5. In one embodiment, secondary controller 120 at SR terminals 128-5 by generating control circuit of synchronous rectification 132 The control voltage of switch mosfet controls circuit of synchronous rectification 132.Described above, in some embodiments, it is synchronous whole Current circuit 132 can be substituted by inactive rectification circuit.In these embodiments, SR terminals 128-5 can be moved from secondary controller 120 It removes.
Feed-through capacitor 130 is coupled to the bypass terminal BP128-6 of secondary controller 120 and ground terminal GND128- 7.Feed-through capacitor 130 is coupled to supply power to the internal circuitry of secondary controller 120.For example, shunt capacitance Device 130 is coupled to BP terminal 128-6, and power is supplied to the circuit of secondary controller 120, circuit control synchronous rectification Circuit 132, enable signal 136 are in response to feedback voltage VFBOther in 148 generation and secondary controller described below are patrolled Collect function.
Here the voltage generated at 130 both ends of feed-through capacitor is referred to as bypass voltage VBP134.Secondary controller 120 wraps Include adjustment bypass voltage VBP134 circuit, by bypass voltage VBP134 maintain bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.It retouches herein In some embodiments stated, bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGCan be approximate 4.4V.Bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGIt can be set In following voltage value, which is more than bypass voltage VBPThe minimum value of 134 circuit for being enough to run secondary controller 120. In some embodiments, bypass voltage VBPThe minimum value of 134 circuit for being enough to run secondary controller 120 can be approximate 3.9V。
Secondary controller 120 includes：First power circuit 152, the second power circuit 154 bypass adjustment circuit 156, fill Electric control circuit 158 and secondary switching circuit（switching circuit）160.Secondary switching circuit 160 is coupled to provide For the multiple functions of secondary controller 120.For example, secondary switching circuit 160 can control circuit of synchronous rectification 132, and In response to feedback voltage VFB148 generate enable signal 136.
Secondary controller 120 is coupled to from positive terminal（forward terminal）FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal At least one in sub- VOUT128-8 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.In the illustrative secondary controller 120 of Fig. 1, just Node 162 is coupled to terminal FWD128-4, node 162 is the node of secondary windings 116.In Fig. 1, output voltage terminal VOUT128-8 is coupled to node 163, and node 163 is coupled to the leading-out terminal 104-1 of power converter 100, leading-out terminal 104-1 supplies adjusted output voltage VOUT108.Therefore, the illustrative secondary controller 120 of Fig. 1 is coupled, with from work( At least one in the node 162 and 163 of the primary side of rate converter 100 makes feed-through capacitor charge.Although in Fig. 1, just Node 162 and node 163 are coupled to terminal FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT128-8, but to arrive, forward end Sub- FWD128-4 and/or output voltage terminal VOUT128-8 can be connected to other nodes of power converter 100.Therefore, Expect, in some embodiments, secondary controller 120 can be different from node 162 and section from the primary side of power converter 100 The node of point 163 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.
Described above, secondary controller 120 is coupled to make side from least one in node 162 and node 163 Road capacitor 130 charges.It is stated differently, secondary controller 120 is coupled to charge from positive terminal FWD128-4 and defeated Go out in voltage terminal VOUT128-8 it is at least one be transferred to bypass terminal BP128-6 so that feed-through capacitor 130 charges.It is secondary Grade controller 120 includes following circuit, and by the circuit, charge is by from positive terminal FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal At least one in VOUT128-8 is transferred to feed-through capacitor 130.For example, the first power circuit 152 and the second power circuit 154 be following circuit, and by the circuit, charge is passed to feed-through capacitor 130.
When the first power circuit 152 is enabled, the first power circuit 152 can be by charge from positive terminal FWD128-4 Bypass terminal BP128-6 is transferred to, and when the second power circuit 154 is enabled, the second power circuit 154 can be by charge Bypass terminal BP128-6 is transferred to from output voltage terminal VOUT128-8.First power circuit 152 can make forward end FWD128-4 departs from from bypass terminal BP128-6 so that when the first power circuit 152 is disabled, there is no charge from Positive terminal FWD128-4 is transferred to bypass terminal BP128-6.Similarly, the second power circuit 154 can make output voltage terminal Sub- VOUT128-8 departs from from bypass terminal BP128-6 so that when the second power circuit 154 is disabled, there is no charge Bypass terminal BP128-6 is transferred to from output voltage terminal VOUT128-8.Dotted line 164 in Fig. 1 instantiates the first power circuit 152 are coupled to positive terminal FWD128-4 and bypass terminal BP128-6, and charge is transferred to from positive terminal FWD128-4 Bypass terminal BP128-6.Dotted line 166 in Fig. 1 instantiates the second power circuit 154 and is coupled to output voltage terminal Charge is transferred to bypass terminal by VOUT128-8 and bypass terminal BP128-6 from output voltage terminal VOUT128-8 BP128-6。
Secondary controller 120 also includes following circuit, circuit control forward direction terminal FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal Which of VOUT128-8 be used to feed-through capacitor 130 be made to charge.For example, secondary controller 120 includes charging control circuit 158, charging control circuit 158 controls which of positive terminal FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT128-8 by charge Bypass terminal BP128-6 is transferred to, so that feed-through capacitor 130 charges.Charging control circuit 158 can pass through enabled/disabling First power circuit 152 and the second power circuit 154 control positive terminal FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT128-8 Which of feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.
In operation, charging control circuit 158 can control positive terminal FWD128-4 and output based on a variety of conditions Which of voltage terminal VOUT128-8 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.In one embodiment, charging control circuit 158 can With in response to output voltage VOUT108 compared with bypass voltage VBP134 amplitude is electric to control positive terminal FWD128-4 and output Which of sub- VOUT128-8 of pressure side makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.For example, charging control circuit 158 can be based on output electricity Press VOUT108 and bypass voltage VBP134 relative amplitude selects positive terminal FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT128- Which of 8 be used to feed-through capacitor 130 be made to charge.In one embodiment, as output voltage VOUT108 compare bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltages（Referred to herein as " starting voltage VTH”）When, charging control circuit 158 can select output voltage terminal Sub- VOUT128-8（That is, the second power circuit 154 is selected）Feed-through capacitor 130 to be made to charge.Otherwise, output voltage is worked as VOUT108 in bypass voltage VBP134 starting voltage VTHIt is interior or less than bypass voltage VBPWhen 134, charging control circuit 158 can select Select positive terminal FWD128-4（That is, the first power circuit 152 is selected）Feed-through capacitor 130 to be made to charge.
Secondary controller 120 can also include bypass adjustment circuit 156, and bypass adjustment circuit 156 senses bypass voltage VBP134, and indicate bypass voltage V to charging control circuit 158BP134 are greater than also being less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.Charging control circuit 158 can be in response to bypass voltage VBP134 are greater than also being less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, Positive terminal is controlled by selected one in enabled/the first power circuit 152 of disabling and the second power circuit 154 Which of FWD128-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT128-4 make feed-through capacitor 130 charge.For example, charging control circuit 158 can be in response to determining bypass voltage VBP134 have descended to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGA following value, to make Selected one in the first power circuit 152 of energy and the second power circuit 154, so that feed-through capacitor 130 charges, so that Obtain bypass voltage VBP134 are equal to or more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.As bypass voltage VBP134, which are greater than or equal to bypass, adjusts Whole voltage value VBPREGWhen, charging control circuit 158 can disable selected in the first power circuit 152 and the second power circuit 154 Fixed one so that bypass voltage VBP134 are not charged to more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGVoltage.
The operation for the circuit being included in secondary controller 120 is more fully described now concerning Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is shown The ic package 224 of example property, ic package 224 include：Power switch 222（For example, power MOSFET222）, illustrative Docket No 218 and illustrative secondary controller 220.Outside ic package 224 Circuit can be electrically coupled to packaging part terminal D226-1, S226-2, PBP226-3, FWD226- of ic package 224 4th, SR226-5, BP226-6, GND226-7, VOUT226-8 and FB226-9（It is referred to as " packaging part terminal 226 "）.
Packaging part terminal 226 can be connected to the power switch being included on the inside of ic package 224 222nd, the terminal of Docket No 218 and secondary controller 220（For example, terminal on an integrated circuit die）.Power switch 222 include drain terminal D228-1 and source terminal S228-2.Docket No 218 includes primary bypass terminal PBP228-3. Secondary controller 220 includes：Positive terminal FWD228-4, synchronous rectifier terminal SR228-5, bypass terminal BP228-6, ground connection Terminal GND228-7, output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 and feedback terminal FB228-9.Drain terminal D228-1, source terminal S228-2, primary bypass terminal PBP228-3, positive terminal FWD228-4, synchronous rectifier terminal SR228-5, bypass terminal BP228-6, ground terminal GND228-7, output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 and feedback terminal FB228-9 can be including work( Conductive connections included by the ic core on piece of rate switch 222, Docket No 218 and secondary controller 220.Encapsulation Part terminal 226 can be by be connected to power converter with the similar mode illustrated in Fig. 1.Therefore, it can refer to Fig. 1's below The component of power converter 100 describes ic package 224.
Secondary controller 220 includes：First power circuit 252, the second power circuit 254 bypass adjustment circuit 256, fill Electric control circuit 258 and secondary switching circuit 260.Secondary switching circuit 260 is coupled to provide a variety of of secondary controller 220 Function.For example, secondary switching circuit 260 can generate control signal USR268, control signal USR268 control circuit of synchronous rectification 132, circuit of synchronous rectification 132 can be coupled to synchronous rectifier terminal SR228-5.
Secondary switching circuit 260 is coupled to enable signal UEN236 are transmitted to Docket No 218, thus in response to The feedback signal U sensedFB270 by output voltage VOUT108 adjustment are at adjusted output voltage values.Secondary switching electricity Road 260 can receive feedback signal UFB270, feedback signal UFB270 represent the output parameter of power converter 100（It is for example, electric Pressure and/or electric current）.In one embodiment, feedback signal UFB270 be the feedback voltage sensed by secondary switching circuit 260.It is secondary Grade switching circuit 260 may be in response to feedback signal UFB270 generate enable signal UEN236.Docket No 218 is coupled to Receive enable signal UEN236, and in response to enable signal UEN236 control power switch 222, to adjust output voltage VOUT108.Secondary switching circuit 260 can by by the magnetic coupling that magnetic coupling communication link provides by enable signal UEN236 pass It is defeated to arrive Docket No 218, the insulated conductor shape of the lead frame of magnetic coupling communication chain routing ic package 224 Into.
First power circuit 252 is coupled to positive terminal FWD228-4 and bypass terminal BP228-6, by charge from just Bypass terminal BP228-6 is transferred to terminal FWD228-4.Second power circuit 254 is coupled to output voltage terminal Charge is transferred to bypass terminal by VOUT228-8 and bypass terminal BP228-6 from output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 BP228-6.First power circuit 252 may be at enabled state（enabled state）Or disabled status（disabled state）.Similarly, the second power circuit 254 may be at enabled state or disabled status.Charging control circuit 258 is coupled To the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254, to control the shape of the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 State.
On Fig. 2, charging control circuit 258 is coupled to generation control signal US1272 is electric to enable/disable the first power Road 252.Charging control circuit 258 is coupled to generation control signal US2274 and UVOUTCOMP276 enable/disable the second power Circuit 254.It is described more fully hereinafter on control signal US1272、US2274 and UVOUTCOMP276 by charging control circuit 258 generation and the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 are to control signal US1274、US2274 Hes UVOUTCOMPThe details of 276 response.
When the first power circuit 252 is in enabled state, the first power circuit 258 can be by charge from positive terminal FWD228-4 is transferred to bypass terminal BP228-6, feed-through capacitor 130 to be made to charge.When the first power circuit 252 is in disabling During state, the first power circuit 252 can be such that the sub- FWD228-4 of forward end departs from from bypass terminal BP228-6 so that charge is not Feed-through capacitor 130 is transferred to from positive terminal FWD228-4.When the second power circuit 254 is in enabled state, second Charge can be transferred to bypass terminal BP228-6 by power circuit 254 from output voltage terminal VOUT228-8, to make bypass electric Container 130 charges.When the second power circuit 254 is in disabled status, the second power circuit 254 can make output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 departs from from bypass terminal BP228-6 so that charge is not transferred to BP ends from output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 Sub- 228-6.
In one embodiment, charging control circuit 258 can enable the first power circuit 252 while disable the second power Circuit 254 so that by positive terminal FWD228-4 feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.In another embodiment, charge control electricity Road 258 can enable the second power circuit 254 while disable the first power circuit 252 so that by output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.In another embodiment, charging control circuit 258 can disable the first power Both 252 and second power circuits of circuit 254 so that inhibited by the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 from forward direction Both terminal FWD228-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 to feed-through capacitor 130 charge transfer.In another implementation In example, charging control circuit 258 can enable both the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 so that by forward end Sub- FWD228-4 and output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 make feed-through capacitor 130 charge.
Secondary controller 220 includes bypass adjustment circuit 256, and bypass adjustment circuit 256 is felt at bypass terminal BP228-6 Survey VBP134, and in response to bypass voltage VBP134 value generates control signal UBPREG278.Control signal UBPREG278 refer to Show bypass voltage VBPWhether 134 be maintained at bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGThe signal at place.For example, control signal UBPREG278 can To be instruction bypass voltage VBP134 are greater than also being less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGDigital controlled signal.Following article is retouched It states, charging control circuit 258 can be in response to control signal UBPREG278 control the charging of feed-through capacitor 130, control letter Number UBPREG278 instruction bypass voltage VBP134 are greater than also being less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG。
Charging control circuit 258 controls the first power circuit 252 and the second work(in response to a variety of conditions described herein Which of rate circuit 254 is by charge transfer to feed-through capacitor 130.In general, charging control circuit 258 is in response to bypass Voltage VBP134 and output voltage VOUT108 control the state of the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254.It charges and controls Circuit 258 processed can be based on output voltage VOUT108 amplitude is compared with bypass voltage VBP134 amplitude selects the first power Which of 252 and second power circuit 254 of circuit is enabled and disables.Charging control circuit 258 can be based on bypass voltage VBPWhether 134 be less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG（Such as by UBPREGIndicated by 278）To determine whether to enable selected work( Rate circuit.It is described more fully hereinafter in through charging control circuit 258 to the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 selection and pass through control of the charging control circuit 258 to the state of the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 System.
Charging control circuit 258 can be in response to output voltage VOUT108 amplitude is compared with bypass voltage VBP134 width It spends to select which of the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 by charge transfer to feed-through capacitor 130.Example Such as, as output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 is big（For example, big starting voltage amount VTH）When, charging control circuit 258 can select the second power circuit 254 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge, because output voltage VOUT108 may be at foot So that the amplitude that feed-through capacitor 130 charges.As another embodiment, as output voltage VOUT108 drop to and may be not enough to During the value that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge, charging control circuit 258 can select the first power circuit 252 to make shunt capacitance Device 130 charges.
Charging control circuit 258 can be in response to indicating bypass voltage VBP134 have descended to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGFollowing UBPREGSignal enables selected power circuit.Bypass electricity can be caused by enabling selected power circuit Press VBP134 value adjusts voltage value V towards bypassBPREGIncrease.Alternatively, charging control circuit 258 can be other in response to instruction Road voltage VBP134 are greater than or equal to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGUBPREGSignal disables the first power circuit 252 and second Power circuit 254 so that bypass voltage VBP134 are not charged to substantially beyond bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGValue.
As shown, bypass voltage terminal BP228-6 is coupled to be connected to the bypass electricity outside secondary controller 220 Container 130.Feed-through capacitor 130 supplies power to the circuit of secondary controller 220.For example, feed-through capacitor 130 is coupled To bypass terminal BP228-6, power is supplied to charging control circuit 258, bypass adjustment circuit 256 and secondary switching circuit 260。
In the start-up course of power converter 100, for example, as input voltage VIN106 are introduced into input terminal 102 When, bypass voltage VBP134 can be relatively low voltage value（For example, approximate zero volt）, because feed-through capacitor 130 can be first Beginning ground is uncharged or only charges on a small quantity.Therefore, on startup, feed-through capacitor 130, which may not be supplied, is enough to run The circuit of secondary controller 220（Such as charging control circuit 258, bypass adjustment circuit 256 and secondary switching circuit 260）Work( Rate.The fortune of power switch 222, Docket No 218 and secondary controller 220 in start-up course is described in detail below Row.
On startup, from input voltage VINThe Docket Nos 218 of 106 reception power start disconnected state and logical state it Between power switched switch 222 state.The switching of power switch 222 starts to transfer its energy to the secondary of power converter 100 Side.Because bypass voltage V on startupBP134 may initially be not enough to run secondary switching circuit 260, so secondary switching Circuit 260, which may not receive, to be enough enable signal UEN236 are transmitted to the power of Initial controller 218.Therefore, starting When, Docket No 218 can be initially at does not receive enable signal U from secondary controller 220ENPower switched in the case of 236 Switch 222.
In start-up course, when power switch 222 is in logical state, the first power circuit 252 can be via bypass end Sub- BP228-6 is by charge transfer to feed-through capacitor 130.In this way, Docket No 218 can be controlled in start-up course 222 switching state of power switch processed, via the first power circuit 252 feed-through capacitor 130 to be made to charge.In start-up course, When Docket No 218 controls power switch 222 with switching state, output capacitor 110 can be also electrically charged.
On startup, if output voltage VOUT108 be relatively low voltage（For example, less than bypass voltage VBP134 and threshold Voltage VTHSummation）, then the second power circuit 254 can be disabled.Although on startup if output voltage VOUT108 be phase To low, then the second power circuit 254 can be disabled, but feed-through capacitor 130 still can by the first power circuit 252 from Positive terminal FWD228-4 charges, while output voltage VOUT108 towards being enough feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge（For example, More than bypass voltage VBP134 and starting voltage VTHSummation voltage）Desired adjusted output voltage values continue to fill Electricity.
The circuit for the secondary controller 220 powered by feed-through capacitor 130 can be configured to after start-up when bypass electricity Press VBP134 initially reach bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen bring into operation.It for example, ought bypass voltage V after start-upBPAt the beginning of 134 Beginning reaches bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen, charging control circuit 258, bypass adjustment circuit 256 and secondary switching circuit 260 can To bring into operation.After start-up, after the circuit of secondary controller 220 brings into operation, bypass voltage VBP134 can be by secondary The circuit of controller 220 adjusts voltage value V to adjust in bypassBPREG, as described herein.After start-up, secondary controller 220 circuit can continue to run as described herein, unless there is bypass voltage VBP134 drop to secondary controller 220 circuit（For example, logic circuit）Minimum operating voltages（For example, 3.9V）Following situation.
In operation, bypass adjustment circuit 256 is coupled to monitoring bypass voltage VBP134, and work as bypass voltage VBP134 reach bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGValue when indicated to charging control circuit 258.In response to side in start-up course Road voltage VBP134 meet or exceed bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, control signal can be generated by bypassing adjustment circuit 256 UBPREG278, control signal UBPREG278 indicate bypass voltage V to charging control circuit 258BP134 have reached bypass adjustment electricity Pressure value VBPREG.In response to control signal UBPREG278 instruction bypass voltage VBP134 have reached bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, fill Electric control circuit 258 forbids that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.In examples described above, if in start-up course One power circuit 252 is enabled, then charging control circuit 258 will use control signal US1272 disable the first power circuit 252.First power circuit can be in response to disabling control signal US1272 make positive terminal FWD228-4 from BP terminals 228-6 Depart from.Described above, when both the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 are all disabled, bypass voltage VBP134 can be maintained at approximate bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGPlace's a period of time.
If when power were provided to the circuit of secondary controller 220 by feed-through capacitor 130, bypass voltage VBPUnder 134 Roll back bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGHereinafter, then instruction bypass voltage V can be generated by bypassing adjustment circuit 256BP134 Drop to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGFollowing signal.For example, in response to sensing bypass voltage VBP134 have fallen to Less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGVoltage, control signal UBPREG278 indicate bypass voltage to charging control circuit 258 VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.In output voltage VOUT108 are insufficient to allow feed-through capacitor 130 to charge（For example, Output voltage VOUT108 are less than bypass voltage VBP134 and starting voltage VTHSummation）In the case of, charging control circuit 258 can be with In response to indicating bypass voltage VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGControl signal UBPREG278 enable the first power Circuit 252.For example, charging control circuit 258 can generate the control signal U of enabled first power circuit 252S1272.Then One power circuit 252 can be in response to control signal US1272 are converted to enabled state.When being run in enabled state, the Charge can be transferred to BP terminal 228-6 by one power circuit 252 from positive terminal FWD228-4, to make feed-through capacitor 130 It charges so that bypass voltage VBP134 are restored to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG。
In output voltage VOUT108 are insufficient to allow in the embodiment that feed-through capacitor 130 charges, and charging control circuit 258 can To continue enabled and disable the first power circuit 252, by bypass voltage VBP134 adjustment are in bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, such as It is above-described, until output voltage VOUT108 have reached the value for being enough that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.In charge control electricity After a period of time that is enabled and disabling the first power circuit 252 has been continued on road 258, output voltage VOUT108 increase to greater than Bypass voltage VBP134 voltage value.Then as output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 is big（A for example, big threshold electricity Press VTH）When, output voltage VOUT108 can be used for feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.
Charging control circuit 258 is coupled to determine when output voltage VOUT108 in being enough to make feed-through capacitor 130 The voltage of charging.For example, as output voltage VOUT108 have than bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltage VTHValue when, charge Control circuit 258 can determine output voltage VOUT108 in the voltage for being enough feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.When using second When power circuit 254 makes the charging of feed-through capacitor 130, starting voltage VTHCan be in output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 and side The voltage that 254 both ends of the second power circuit between the terminal BP228-6 of road decline.In some embodiments described here, Starting voltage VTHCan be approximate 0.4V.Therefore, the first power circuit 252 is used by bypass voltage in charging control circuit 258 VBP134 adjust to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG（For example, 4.4V）In the case of, as output voltage VOUT108 have reached side Road adjustment voltage value VBPREGIn addition starting voltage VTH（For example, 4.8V or bigger）When, output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 can be with It becomes able to that shunt capacitance is made fully to charge.
As definite output voltage VOUT108 when having reached the value for being enough to make feed-through capacitor 130 to charge, charge control electricity Road 258 can select the second power circuit 254 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.In other words, charging control circuit 258 can be with The state of the second power circuit 254 is controlled to adjust bypass voltage VBP134.For example, as signal UBPREG278 instruction bypass voltages VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen, in order to by bypass voltage VBP134 adjust to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, fill Electric control circuit 258 can enable the second power circuit 254 feed-through capacitor 130 to be made to charge.In addition, as signal UBPREG278 Indicate bypass voltage VBP134 are more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen, charging control circuit 258 can disable the second power electricity Road 254 is to inhibit the charging of feed-through capacitor 130.
When selecting the second power circuit 254 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge, charging control circuit 258 can disable the One power circuit 252 so that the first power circuit 252 does not make feed-through capacitor 130 charge from positive terminal FWD228-4, even As bypass voltage VBP134 drop to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen following.Made using output voltage VO UT terminals 228-8 Feed-through capacitor 130 charge can than using positive terminal FWD228-4 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge more efficiently because Output voltage VOUT108 usually can have lower voltage value than voltage caused by the node 162 of secondary windings 116. For example, output voltage VOUT108 can be in the range of 5-12V, and the voltage generated at secondary windings 116 can reach 15- 50V。
How circuit dependent on secondary controller 220 is implemented, and disables and enables by charging control circuit 258 The sequential of first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 can be different.In one embodiment, charge control electricity Road 258 can enable the second power circuit 254 before the first power circuit 252 is disabled so that the first power circuit 252 and Both two power circuits 254 all be used to feed-through capacitor 130 be made to charge simultaneously.In another embodiment, charge control electricity Road 258 can enable the second power circuit 254 after the first power circuit 252 is disabled so that the first power circuit 252 and Both two power circuits 254 all independently be used to feed-through capacitor 130 be made to charge.Circuit dependent on secondary controller 220 How to implement, the time quantum disabled between the first power circuit 252 and enabled second power circuit 254 can not Together.
After start-up, as output voltage VOUT108 when being just adjusted, output voltage VOUT108 can be normally maintained at More than bypass voltage VBP134 value（For example, at least bypass voltage VBP134 add starting voltage VTHValue）.Therefore, in allusion quotation In the operational process of type, output voltage VOUT108 can be maintained at the voltage for being enough that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.If in work( In the operational process of rate converter 100, output voltage VOUT108 are maintained at more than bypass voltage VBP134 add the starting voltage VTHValue, then the first power circuit 252 can be maintained disabled status by charging control circuit 258, and control the second power Circuit 254, to be adjusted by from output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 feed-through capacitor 130 being made to charge at bypass terminal 226-6 Whole bypass voltage VBP134。
However, in some cases, output voltage VOUT108 value, which can be reduced to, is insufficient to allow feed-through capacitor 130 to fill The voltage of electricity.For example, output voltage VOUT108 can drop to bypass voltage VBPIn 134 threshold value or less than bypass voltage VBP134 value.In one embodiment, since the power drawn by the electric loading for being connected to the output son 104 increases, output electricity Press VOUT108 can drop to such value.
In output voltage VOUT108 are reduced to the voltage value that feed-through capacitor 130 is insufficient to allow to charge（For example, in bypass electricity Press VBP134 starting voltage VTHIt is interior）In the case of, charging control circuit 258 can disable the second power circuit 254 and enable First power circuit 252, as described above to be charged to bypass terminal BP228-6 using positive terminal FWD228-4 Bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.At positive terminal FWD228-4 generate compared with the output voltage V reduced recentlyOUT108 and The higher voltage of speech can make feed-through capacitor 130 charge, while output voltage VOUT108 increases return to desired adjusted Output voltage.
Remain other in 254 disabled and the first power circuit 252 of control of charging control circuit 258 of the second power circuit After a period of time of charge on road capacitor 130, output voltage VOUT108 can increase and return to more than bypass voltage VBP134 Value.In output voltage VOUT108 increase to more than bypass voltage VBP134 add starting voltage VTHVoltage value after, charge control Circuit 258 processed can control（For example, enabled/disabling）Second power circuit from output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 makes bypass Capacitor 130 charges.Charging control circuit 258 can also disable the first power circuit 252, to stop from positive terminal FWD228-4 makes capacitor 130 charge.
In the operational process of power converter 100, charging control circuit 158 and bypass adjustment circuit 256 can continue Monitor bypass voltage VBP134 and output voltage VOUT108.In general, in output voltage VOUT108 have reached it is desired adjusted Output voltage values after, output voltage VOUT108 can tend to remain within than bypass voltage VBP134 big at least threshold value VTH Value.Therefore, in the operational process of power converter 100, the first power circuit 252 can be intended to maintain disabling shape State, while the second power circuit 254 is changed back and forth by charging control circuit 258 between enabled state and disabled status, Dependent on bypass voltage VBPWhen 134 drop to bypass adjustment voltage VBPREGBelow.Although in the typical case of power converter 100 Operational process in can disable the first power circuit 252（For example, in output voltage VOUT108 have reached it is desired through adjust After whole output voltage）, but charging control circuit 258 can be in output voltage VOUT108 drop to and are insufficient to allow shunt capacitance Device 130 enables the first power circuit 252 in the case of charging.
In some embodiments, charging control circuit 258 can be included as bypass voltage VBP134 make when dropping to following value Can the second power circuit 254 circuit, the value is close to bypass voltage VBP134 circuit for being enough to run secondary controller 220 Minimum value（For example, 3.9V）.It herein can will be close to bypass voltage VBPThe voltage value of 134 minimum value is referred to as minimum bypass voltage Value VBPMIN.Minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINCan be following voltage value, which is slightly larger than bypass voltage VBP134 are enough Run the circuit of secondary controller 220（For example, logic gate）Minimum value.For example, as bypass voltage VBP134 are enough to run time When the minimum value of the circuit of grade controller 220 is approximation 3.9V, minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINIt can be selected to approximate 4.1V.Cause This, if bypass voltage VBP134 drop to minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN（For example, 4.1V）Hereinafter, then secondary controller 220 Can be transformed into using the first power circuit 252 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.In further detail below（For example, referring to figure 5）The operation of illustrative charging control circuit 258 is described.In one sense, charging control circuit 258, in bypass voltage VBP134 are less than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINWhen enable the first power circuit 252 so that 130 charging circuit of feed-through capacitor can It is considered as, ensures bypass voltage VBP134 do not drop to the circuit below the minimum operating voltages of the circuit of secondary controller 220.
Fig. 3 A-3B are shown to be used to control showing for isolated power converters in start-up course according in the present disclosure The method 300 of example property.In start-up course, it can be assumed that bypass voltage VBP134 can be relatively low voltage value（It is for example, near Like zero volt）, because feed-through capacitor 130 can be initial uncharged or only charge on a small quantity.Therefore, on startup, it is other Road capacitor 130 may not supply the circuit for being enough to run secondary controller 220（Such as charging control circuit 258, bypass are adjusted Whole circuit 256 and secondary switching circuit 260）Power.
After since frame 302, in block 304, power converter 100 is coupled to ac sources so that input voltage VIN106 are provided to input terminal 102.In frame 306, Docket No 218 is received from input voltage VIN106 power. In frame 308, Docket No 218 starts the state in the logical switch of power switched between state and disconnected state 222, with start by Energy transmission to power converter 100 primary side.In a block 310, output capacitor 110 starts to charge up, while primary control The state of 218 power switched of device switch 222.In frame 312, secondary controller 220 makes side from the node 162 of secondary windings 116 Road capacitor 130 charges, while the state of 218 power switched of Docket No switch 222.
In block 314, feed-through capacitor 130 is charged to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.The circuit of secondary controller 220 It may be configured in start-up course as bypass voltage VBP134 have reached bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen start it is initial Operation.In frame 316, secondary controller 220 determines output voltage VOUTWhether 108 than bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltages VTH.If output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltage VTH, then secondary controller 220 continue from secondary Node 162 on grade winding 116 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.If output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 is big by one A starting voltage VTH, then secondary controller 220 from the node 162 on secondary windings 116 by being transformed into the charging of feed-through capacitor 130 Slave leading-out terminal 104-1 in frame 318 makes feed-through capacitor charge.In a block 320, method 300 terminates.
Fig. 4 shows desired adjusted for being had reached in isolated power converters according in the present disclosure Output voltage after control the illustrative methods 400 of the isolated power converters.It, can be with before the beginning of method 400 Assuming that secondary controller 220 has made feed-through capacitor 130 charge to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, and assume output voltage VOUT108 have reached than bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltage VTHValue so that secondary controller 220 use output terminal Sub- 104-1 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.
In frame 402, power converter 100 is by output voltage VOUT108 adjustment are in desired adjusted output electricity Pressure.In frame 404, secondary controller 220 is by from leading-out terminal 104-1（That is, output voltage VOUT108）Make feed-through capacitor 130 charge bypass voltage VBP134 adjustment are in bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG。
If bypass voltage V in block 406BP134 drop to minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINHereinafter, then it is secondary in block 408 Grade controller 220 is converted to using the node 162 on secondary windings 116 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.If in frame 406 Middle bypass voltage VBP134 are maintained at more than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINValue, then method 400 continues in frame 410.Such as Fruit output voltage V in frame 410OUT108 drop to bypass voltage VBP134 starting voltage VTHInterior voltage value, then in block 408 Secondary controller is transformed into using the node 162 on secondary windings 116 that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.
If the output voltage V in frame 410OUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 big starting voltage VTHIt is and other in block 412 Road voltage VBP134 are more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then secondary controller 220 forbid that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge（Example Such as, by disabling the second power circuit 254）, and method 400 continues in frame 402.If the output voltage in frame 410 VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 big starting voltage VTHAnd bypass voltage V in block 412BP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then secondary controller 220 by enabled second power circuit 254 feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.
Fig. 5-8 shows the detailed reality of charging control circuit 258, the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 Apply example.Fig. 9 shows illustrative output voltage VOUT108 waveform and bypass voltage VBP134 waveform and for control believe Number UVOUTCOMP、UVBCOMP、UBPREG、US1And US2Sequence diagram.What the waveform and sequence diagram of Fig. 9 was illustrated with graphic illustration in Fig. 5 The operation of circuit.Fig. 5-9 is described in detail below.
Described above, bypass adjustment circuit 256 and receive bypass voltage VBP134 and export digital controlled signal UBPREG278.In general, bypass adjustment circuit 256 generates control signal UBPREG278, control signal UBPREG278 instruction bypasses Voltage VBP134 compared with bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGAmplitude.If bypass voltage VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then bypass adjustment circuit 256 and export high UBPREGSignal, the high UBPREGSignal can indicate to charging control circuit 258, Charging control circuit 258 should enable one in the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 to make feed-through capacitor 130 charge, so that bypass voltage VBP134 adjust voltage value V towards bypassBPREGIncrease.If bypass voltage VBP134 be more than or Equal to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then bypass adjustment circuit 256 and export low UBPREGSignal, the low UBPREGSignal can be to filling Electric control circuit 258 indicates that charging control circuit 258 should be forbidden charging, because bypass voltage VBP134 have reached or more than side Road adjustment voltage value VBPREG。
Fig. 5 shows the functional block diagram of illustrative charging control circuit 258.Charging control circuit 258 includes output electricity Press comparison circuit 500, bypass voltage comparison circuit 502 and multiple logic gates.258 receiving voltage V of charging control circuitOUT108 Hes VBP134.Charging control circuit 258 also receives the digital controlled signal U from bypass adjustment circuit 256BPREG.Charge control electricity The digital controlled signal U of the state of the output of road 258 the first power circuit 252 of controlS1272.The output control of charging control circuit 258 The digital controlled signal U of second power circuit, 254 stateS2274 and UVOUTCOMP276。
In operation, bypass voltage comparison circuit 502 receives bypass voltage VBP134 and export logic control signal UVBCOMP504, logic control signal UVBCOMP504 instruction bypass voltage VBP134 are greater than also being less than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN.If bypass voltage VBP134 are more than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN, then comparator 506 export low UVBCOMPSignal 504. If bypass voltage VBP134 are less than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN, then comparator 506 export high UVBCOMPSignal 504.Starting Afterwards, bypass voltage VBP134 may be typically maintained in minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINMore than.Therefore, UVBCOMP504 usually can be with Logic low value is maintained at, and the input 508 of NOT-AND gate 510 is maintained at logic-high value.However, in bypass voltage VBP134 drop to minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINIn the case of below, UVBCOMP504 can be driven to logic-high value, and The input 508 of NOT-AND gate 510 is driven to logic low value.In these cases, control signal UBPREG278 will also have logic High level, because bypass voltage VBP134 will be less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.Therefore, in bypass voltage VBP134 drop to most Small bypass voltage value VBPMINIn the case of below, control signal US1272 will be driven to it is low, with enable the first power circuit 252。
In operation, 500 Rreceive output voltage V of output voltage comparison circuitOUT108 and bypass voltage VBP134, and it is defeated Go out logic control signal UVOUTCOMP276, logic control signal UVOUTCOMP276 instruction output voltage VOUTWhether 108 than bypass electricity Press VBPA 134 big starting voltage VTH.If output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 big starting voltage VTH, then comparator The low U of 512 outputsVOUTCOMPSignal 276.If output voltage VOUT108 are less than bypass voltage VBP134 and starting voltage VTHIt is total With then comparator 512 exports high UVOUTCOMPSignal 276.
Described above, the first power circuit 252 can be enabled so that feed-through capacitor 130 charges on startup, The logic gate of charging control circuit 258 works as illustrated afterwards.In the operational process of power converter 100, As bypass voltage VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGAnd output voltage VOUT108 are less than bypass voltage VBP134 and threshold Voltage VTHSummation when, the first power circuit 252 can also be enabled.In this case, the second power circuit 254 is banned With as described below, and control signal U being determined to the input 514 of NOT-AND gate 516S1272 state, because " with It is non-" input 518 of door 516 is logically high.It is stated differently, in this case, UBPREG278 the first power circuits 252 of control State.If bypass adjustment circuit 256 determines bypass voltage VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then tune is bypassed Logic control signal U of the whole output of circuit 256 with logic-high valueBPREG278, it should the logic control signal with logic-high value UBPREG278 enable the first power circuits 252 feed-through capacitor 130 to be made to charge.If bypass adjustment circuit 256 determines bypass Voltage VBP134 are more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then logic control of the output of adjustment circuit 256 with logic low value is bypassed Signal UBPREG278, it should the logic control signal U with logic low valueBPREG278 disable the first power circuits 252 to prevent from just To terminal FWD228-4 feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.
As output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltage VTH（That is, UVOUTCOMP276 be logic low） When, the second power circuit 254 can be enabled（That is, US2274 be logically high and UVOUTCOMP276 be logic low）To make bypass Capacitor 130 charges.In this case, it is logic low to the input 520 of NOR gate 522, it means that NOR gate 522 input 524 controls US2274 state, so as to control the state of the second power circuit 254.If bypass adjustment electricity Road 256 determines bypass voltage VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then bypass adjustment circuit 256 export it is logically high Logic control signal UBPREG, the logically high logic control signal UBPREGEnabled second power circuit 254 is so that feed-through capacitor 130 charge.If bypass adjustment circuit 256 determines bypass voltage VBP134 are more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, then bypass Adjustment circuit 256 exports the logic control signal U of logic lowBPREG, the logic control signal U of the logic lowBPREGDisable the second work( Rate circuit 254 is to prevent from from output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 feed-through capacitor 130 being made to charge.
In one sense, after start-up, in the operational process of power converter 100, UVOUTCOMP276 serve as selection Which in the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 signal, the selection signal designation control circuit 258 can control It is a.On the first power circuit 252, because UVBCOMP504 be typically logic low, so the U with logic-high valueVOUTCOMP276 lead The state of the first power circuit 252 is caused by UBPREG278 control.On the second power control circuit 254, there is low value UVOUTCOMP276 cause the state of the second power circuit 254 by UBPREG278 control.Therefore, charging control circuit 258 can be rung It should be in bypass voltage VBP134 and output voltage VOUT108 relative amplitude selects control the first power circuit 252 and the second work( Which of rate circuit 254.Then, charging control circuit 258 is in response to bypass voltage VBP134 adjust voltage value compared with bypass VBPREGAmplitude enable/disable selected power circuit.For example, as bypass voltage VBP134 are less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGWhen, charging control circuit 258 can enable selected power circuit, and as bypass voltage VBP134, which are more than bypass, adjusts Whole voltage value VBPREGWhen, selected power circuit can be disabled, described above.
Fig. 6 is exemplary output voltage（VOUT）The schematic diagram of comparison circuit 600.VOUTComparison circuit 600 receives bypass Voltage VBP134 and output voltage VOUT108, and export UVOUTCOMP276。VOUTV in comparison circuit 600DD602 can be from Bypass voltage VBP134 obtained service voltages.In figure 6, as output voltage VOUT108 than bypass voltage VBP134 big starting voltages VTHWhen, node 604 can be driven to height（For example, the starting voltage more than MOSFET606）.MOSFET606 can be in response to quilt Drive high node 604 and be switched on, this so that can be by UVOUTCOMP276 are arranged to logic low, described above. In figure 6, as output voltage VOUT108 are not more than bypass voltage VBP134 and starting voltage VTHSummation when, node 604 can be by It drags down（For example, the starting voltage less than MOSFET606）.MOSFET606 can be ended in response to the node 604 being pulled low, This so can be by UVOUTCOMP276 are arranged to logic high, described above.Resistor RTH608 value can be changed, To change VOUTThe starting voltage V of comparison circuit 600TH。
Fig. 7 is exemplary the schematic diagram of the first power circuit 252.First power circuit 252 receives control signal US1272.Work as US1272 when being logic low, and the first power circuit 252 is enabled, and charge is transferred from positive terminal FWD228-4 To bypass terminal BP terminals 228-6.If for example, US1272 be logic low, then the voltage at positive terminal FWD228-4 is more than Bypass voltage VBPWhen 134, using forward voltage FWD228-4, MOSFET700 is ended, and MOSFET702 is switched on, and p- ditches Road MOSFET704 forms the conducting path that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.When p-channel MOSFET705 is leads to, two poles Pipe 706 can prevent charge to be transferred to positive terminal FWD228-4 from bypass terminal BP228-6.Work as US1272 when being logically high, One power circuit 252 is disabled.If for example, US1272 be logically high, then MOSFET700 is switched on, and MOSFET702 is ended, And p-channel MOSFET704 is ended, this makes positive terminal FWD228-4 depart from from bypass terminal BP228-6.
Fig. 8 is exemplary the schematic diagram of the second power circuit 254.Second power circuit 254 receives control signal US2274 With control signal UVOUTCOMP276.If UVOUTCOMP276 be logic low and US2274 be it is logically high, then p-channel MOSFET800, 802 be logical, and forms conducting path between output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 and bypass terminal BP228-6 so that can be with From output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge.If UVOUTCOMP276 be logically high or US2274 be to patrol Volume low, then at least one in p-channel MOSFET800,802 is ended, this makes output voltage terminal VOUT228-8 from bypass end Sub- BP228-6 departs from.
After Fig. 9 shows in the start-up course of power converter 100 and starts, illustrative output voltage VOUT108 Waveform and bypass voltage VBP134 waveform and for control signal UVOUTCOMP276、UVBCOMP504、UBPREG278、US1272 And US2274 sequence diagram.Time（t）Along x-axis.It assume that, before the time 0, feed-through capacitor 130 and output capacitor 110 can be completely discharged so that bypass voltage VBP134 and output voltage VOUTBoth 108 all substantially zeroed volts.
In the time 0, input voltage VIN106 are provided at input terminal 102, and Docket No 218 starts to switch The state of power switch 222, to transfer its energy to the primary side.Feed-through capacitor 130 and output capacitor 110 can start It charges.For example, in the time 0, the first power circuit 252 can initially be enabled, so that bypass voltage VBP134 charge.In Fig. 9 In the illustrative waveform of middle illustration, output capacitor 110 can be intended to the rate generation lower than feed-through capacitor 130 Voltage.Therefore, bypass voltage VBP134 can be in output voltage VOUT108 reach desired adjusted output voltage VOUTREGReach minimum bypass voltage value V before 900BPMIN.Although Fig. 9 instantiates output capacitor 110 with than feed-through capacitor 130 lower rates generate the embodiment of voltage, but in other embodiments, output capacitor 110 can be with than shunt capacitance 130 higher rate of device generates voltage.
In time t1, bypass voltage VBP134 reach minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN.From time t1To t2, the first power electricity Road 252 can be enabled, so that bypass voltage VBP134, which charge, rises to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.In time t2, bypass voltage VBP134 reach bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG, and the circuit for the secondary controller 220 powered by feed-through capacitor 130 can be with It brings into operation, described above.UVBCOMP504 assume that in t2With logic low value, because bypass voltage VBP134 are more than Minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN.In fig.9, bypass voltage VBP134 are maintained at more than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMINWater It is flat.Therefore, in fig.9, in t2Afterwards, UVBCOMP504 are maintained at logic low value.In bypass voltage VBP134 drop to by minimum Road voltage value VBPMINIn following embodiment, UVBCOMP504 can be driven to logic-high value, which can cause to make With the first power source 252 feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge, described above.
In t2, bypass voltage VBP134 in bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.From t2To t3, the first power circuit 252 is banned With because bypass voltage VBP134 are more than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.In t3, output voltage VOUT108 reach desired defeated Go out to adjust voltage VOUTREG900.In t3, as output voltage VOUT108 have reached than bypass voltage VBPA 134 big starting voltage VTH Value when, UVOUTCOMP276 are transformed into logic low.In t3, the second power circuit 254 keeps disabling, because bypass voltage VBP134 still More than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.From t3To t4, both the first power circuit 252 and the second power circuit 254 are all disabled.
In t4, bypass voltage VBP134 deteriorate to less than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGValue.Therefore, UBPREG278 are driven Height is moved, and the second power circuit 254 makes feed-through capacitor 130 charge.Second power circuit 254 is from t4To t5Make bypass electric Container 130 charges, until bypass voltage VBP134 reach bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.In t5, work as UBPREG278 are driven to and patrol When collecting low value, the second power circuit 254 is disabled.
Just in t6Before, output voltage VOUT108 amplitude reduces.In t6, output voltage VOUT108 are in less than threshold electricity Press VTHWith bypass voltage VBPThe value of 134 summation.Therefore, in t6, UVOUTCOMP276 are driven to logically high, this has disabled second Power circuit 254.In t6, bypass voltage VBP134 are more than minimum bypass voltage value VBPMIN, therefore the first power circuit 252 and Both two power circuits 254 are all disabled.
In t7, bypass voltage VBP134 drop to bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREGHereinafter, this causes UBPREG278 are driven to It is logically high, logically high enabled first power circuit 252, with from t7To t8Make feed-through capacitor 130 from positive terminal FWD228-4 It charges.In t8, output voltage VOUT108 reach more than bypass value VBP134 add starting voltage VTHValue.In t8, bypass voltage VBP134 again smaller than bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG.Therefore, in t8, the second power circuit 254 is enabled, so that feed-through capacitor 130 charge.Second power circuit 254 is from t8To t9Continue that feed-through capacitor 130 is made to charge, until bypass voltage VBP134 reach Bypass adjustment voltage value VBPREG。
Above to the description of illustrated embodiment of the invention, including the content described in summary, it is not intended to be exhaustive Property either limitation to exact form disclosed.Although describe the specific reality of the present invention for exemplary purposes herein Scheme and embodiment are applied, but on the premise of the broad spirit and scope of the present invention are not departed from, a variety of equivalent modifications are feasible 's.In fact, it is recognized that specific illustrative voltage, electric current, time etc. are in order at task of explanation and provide, and Other values can also be used in other embodiments and embodiment of the introduction of content according to the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of controller for isolated power converters, including：
Bypass terminal, is coupled to feed-through capacitor, and the feed-through capacitor is coupled to time of isolated power converters Grade side；
First power circuit is coupled to the bypass terminal and first terminal, wherein the first terminal is coupled to institute State the first node of the secondary windings of the energy transfer element of primary side, and wherein described first power circuit be coupled to by Charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from the first terminal, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor；
Second power circuit is coupled to the bypass terminal and Second terminal, wherein the Second terminal is coupled to institute The section point of primary side is stated, wherein the section point of the primary side is the isolated power converters for defeated Send the output node of adjusted output voltage, and wherein described second power circuit is coupled to charge from described second Terminal is transferred to the bypass terminal, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor；And
Charging control circuit is coupled in response to the bypass voltage of generation at the bypass terminal and in the Second terminal At least one in the voltage at place controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit to pass charge It is handed to the bypass terminal.
2. controller according to claim 1, wherein the charging control circuit is coupled in response to the bypass electricity Pressure and the comparison between the voltage at the Second terminal control first power circuit and second power Which of circuit is by charge transfer to the bypass terminal.
3. controller according to claim 1, wherein the charging control circuit is coupled to disable first power Circuit so that the bypass terminal departs from from the first terminal, and wherein described charging control circuit be coupled so that Energy first power circuit, so as to which charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from the first terminal.
4. controller according to claim 1, wherein the charging control circuit is coupled to disable second power Circuit so that the bypass terminal departs from from the Second terminal, and wherein described charging control circuit be coupled so that Energy second power circuit, so as to which charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from the Second terminal.
5. controller according to claim 1 further comprises bypassing adjustment circuit, the bypass adjustment circuit is treated by coupling It closes to sense the bypass voltage, determines whether the bypass voltage is less than adjustment voltage, and to the charging control circuit Indicate whether the bypass voltage is less than the adjustment voltage, wherein the charging control circuit is coupled to control described first It is at least one in power circuit and second power circuit, so as to be incited somebody to action when the bypass voltage is less than the adjustment voltage Charge transfer is to the bypass terminal.
6. controller according to claim 1, wherein the charging control circuit is coupled at the Second terminal The voltage bigger than the bypass voltage threshold voltage when disable first power circuit, wherein when first work( When rate circuit is disabled, first power circuit blocks from the first terminal to the charge transfer of the bypass terminal, and And the voltage that wherein described charging control circuit is coupled at the Second terminal is more described greatly than the bypass voltage During threshold voltage, second power circuit is enabled, so as to which charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from the Second terminal.
7. controller according to claim 1, wherein the charging control circuit is coupled at the Second terminal Voltage when being less than the summation of the bypass voltage and threshold voltage, disabling second power circuit, wherein when When second power circuit is disabled, the second power circuit obstruction is from the Second terminal to the electricity of the bypass terminal Lotus is transferred, and the voltage that wherein described charging control circuit is coupled at the Second terminal is less than the bypass During the summation of voltage and the threshold voltage, first power circuit is enabled, so as to which charge be transferred from the first terminal To the bypass terminal.
8. controller according to claim 1, wherein the charging control circuit includes multiple logic gates, and wherein institute The first power circuit is stated to be coupled to when the bypass voltage is less than or equal to the minimum operating voltages of the multiple logic gate, Charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from the first terminal.
9. controller according to claim 1 further comprises secondary switching circuit, which is coupled to The feedback signal for the output parameter for representing the isolated power converters is received, and is coupled to enable signal being transmitted to The primary side of the isolated power converters, wherein the secondary switching circuit is also coupled to receive from the bypass end The operation power of son.
10. a kind of ic package for isolated power converters, the ic package includes：
Secondary controller, including：
First terminal, Second terminal and bypass terminal, wherein the bypass terminal is coupled to feed-through capacitor, the bypass Capacitor is coupled to the primary side of isolated power converters；
First power circuit is coupled to charge being transferred to the bypass terminal from the first terminal, described to be stored in On feed-through capacitor；
Second power circuit is coupled to charge being transferred to the bypass terminal from the Second terminal, described to be stored in On feed-through capacitor；
Charging control circuit is coupled in response to the bypass voltage of generation at the bypass terminal and in the Second terminal At least one in the voltage at place controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit to pass charge It is handed to the bypass terminal；And
Secondary switching circuit is coupled to receive the feedback signal for the output parameter for representing the isolated power converters, and And it is coupled to enable signal being transmitted to the primary side of the isolated power converters；
Docket No, be coupled to receive transmitted enable signal, and the enable signal in response to being transmitted controls Power switch；And
Encapsulated member, wherein the Docket No and the secondary controller are disposed in the encapsulated member.
11. ic package according to claim 10, wherein the Docket No and the secondary controller It is galvanically isolated each other, and wherein described first terminal is coupled to the secondary windings of the energy transfer element of the primary side First node, the Second terminal are coupled to the section point of the primary side, wherein the section point be it is described every The output node for being used to convey adjusted output voltage from formula power converter.
12. ic package according to claim 10 further comprises the power switch,
Wherein described power switch is disposed in the encapsulated member.
13. ic package according to claim 10, further comprises lead frame, wherein the secondary switching Circuit is coupled to the enable signal being transmitted to the Docket No via the lead frame.
14. a kind of power converter, including：
Energy transfer element is included in armature winding in the primary side of the power converter and in the power converter Secondary windings in primary side；
Feed-through capacitor is coupled to the primary side of the power converter；
Power switch is coupled to the armature winding；
Secondary controller, including：
First power circuit is coupled to the first node of charge from the primary side being transferred to the feed-through capacitor, Described in primary side the first node be the secondary windings node；
Second power circuit is coupled to the section point of charge from the primary side being transferred to the feed-through capacitor, Described in primary side the section point be the power converter output node；
Charging control circuit is coupled to bypass voltage in response to being generated at the feed-through capacitor both ends and described second At least one in voltage at node controls which of first power circuit and second power circuit by electricity Lotus is transferred to the feed-through capacitor；And
Secondary switching circuit, is coupled to receive the feedback signal for the output parameter for representing isolated power converters, and by Enable signal to be transmitted to the primary sides of the isolated power converters by coupling；And
Docket No, be coupled to receive transmitted enable signal, and the enable signal in response to being transmitted controls The state of the power switch.
15. power converter according to claim 14, the section point is coupled to convey adjusted output electricity Pressure.
16. a kind of method for controlling isolated power converters, the described method includes：
Charge is transferred to bypass terminal from first terminal, to be stored in the secondary for being coupled to the isolated power converters On the feed-through capacitor of side, wherein the first terminal is coupled to the first node of the primary side, wherein the first segment Point belongs to the secondary windings of energy transfer element：
Charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from Second terminal, to be stored on the feed-through capacitor, wherein described second Terminal is coupled to the section point of the primary side, wherein the section point is the output node of the power converter； And
In response to the bypass voltage and at least one in the voltage at the Second terminal generated at the bypass terminal To control the charge transfer of the bypass terminal.
17. according to the method for claim 16, further comprise in response at the bypass voltage and the Second terminal Voltage between comparison control the charge transfer of the bypass terminal.
18. according to the method for claim 16, further comprise：
Sense the bypass voltage；
Determine whether the bypass voltage is less than adjustment voltage；And
When the bypass voltage is less than the adjustment voltage, by charge transfer to the bypass terminal.
19. according to the method for claim 16, further comprise：
During bigger than the bypass voltage threshold voltage of the voltage at the Second terminal, make the bypass terminal from The first terminal departs from；And
When the voltage at the Second terminal is than the bypass voltage threshold voltage greatly, by charge from described second Terminal is transferred to the bypass terminal.
20. according to the method for claim 16, further comprise：
When the voltage at the Second terminal is less than the summation of the bypass voltage and threshold voltage, make the side Road terminal departs from from the Second terminal；And the voltage at the Second terminal be less than the bypass voltage with it is described During the summation of threshold voltage, charge is transferred to the bypass terminal from the first terminal.
CN201410030696.2A 2013-01-22 2014-01-22 Power converter controller with multiple power sources Active CN103944388B (en)

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US13/747,089 2013-01-22
US13/747,089 US9331587B2 (en) 2013-01-22 2013-01-22 Power converter controller with multiple power sources

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6229721B1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2001-05-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha High voltage power supply apparatus
CN1404649A (en) * 2000-02-17 2003-03-19 泰科电子有限公司 Start-up circuit for flyback converter having secondary pulse width modulation control
US6667605B2 (en) * 2000-08-08 2003-12-23 Power Integrations, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing audio noise in a switching regulator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6229721B1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2001-05-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha High voltage power supply apparatus
CN1404649A (en) * 2000-02-17 2003-03-19 泰科电子有限公司 Start-up circuit for flyback converter having secondary pulse width modulation control
US6667605B2 (en) * 2000-08-08 2003-12-23 Power Integrations, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing audio noise in a switching regulator

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