CN103940962A - System and method for simulating coal mine underground hydraulic fracturing experiment laboratory - Google Patents
System and method for simulating coal mine underground hydraulic fracturing experiment laboratory Download PDFInfo
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- CN103940962A CN103940962A CN201410150621.8A CN201410150621A CN103940962A CN 103940962 A CN103940962 A CN 103940962A CN 201410150621 A CN201410150621 A CN 201410150621A CN 103940962 A CN103940962 A CN 103940962A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for simulating a coal mine underground hydraulic fracturing experiment laboratory. The system comprises an electronic universal testing machine, a hydraulic fracturing condition simulating device, a gas pressure system, a peripheral pressure hydraulic system, a hydraulic fracturing system and a computer, wherein the hydraulic fracturing condition simulating device consists of a laneway side simulating mechanism and a laneway side ambient environment simulating mechanism; the laneway side simulating mechanism comprises a baffle, a permeable plate, a coal rock sample and an ejection clamping casing pipe; the laneway side ambient environment simulating mechanism comprises a base, a cylinder tube, a tube cover, a lower pressing head, an upper half concave pressing head, an upper half convex pressing head and a piston. The method comprises the following steps: step one, assembling the system for simulating the coal mine underground hydraulic fracturing experiment laboratory; step two, loading axial pressure of the coal rock sample; step three, loading peripheral pressure to the coal rock sample; step four, loading gas pressure to the coal rock sample; and step five, performing hydraulic fracturing experiment at a part of exposing the coal rock sample in the ejection clamping casing pipe. The system and the method are capable of really simulating the underground hydraulic fracturing conditions according to different mine geological conditions and is stable and reliable in performances.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic fracturing technology field under coal mine, be specifically related to waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system and method under a kind of coal mine.
Background technology
In order to study, underground coal rock mass is carried out after waterfrac treatment, the pressure of gas pumping and the situation of change of content, Chinese scholars has been done many work place study, and summary is got up, and field hydraulic pressure break is divided into two kinds: one is aboveground hydraulic fracturing anti-reflection; Another kind is that downhole hydraulic pressure break improves gas pumping rate.Because gas environment and many experimental apparatuss of on-the-spot place, existing machinery, down-hole limit the restriction into factors such as wells, work place study fails fully each factor that affects waterfrac treatment effect to be studied, therefore laboratory simulation waterfrac treatment experiment is developed.But, mostly the experiment of laboratory simulation waterfrac treatment is at present the aboveground hydraulic fracturing anti-reflection that modeling effort is drilled along axle pressure direction, conclusion and rule that many value is higher are obtained, and be difficult to the factors such as simulation because of down-hole pressure condition, to relative with method research simple and less along the downhole hydraulic pressure break experiments experiment chamber simulation system of lane side punching.Nowadays, downhole hydraulic pressure break has become the important means that improves gas pumping rate, and research axial compression, confined pressure, gaseous tension, bore direction angle, dip angle of hole, bit diameter, boring length, the downhole hydraulic pressure break factor of boring, Hydraulic fracturing pressure and waterfrac treatment time etc. of whether cleaning have vital role to improving gas pumping rate.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of simple in structure, realize convenient and use waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under simple to operate, stable and reliable for performance, practical coal mine.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under a kind of coal mine, it is characterized in that: comprise electronic universal tester, waterfrac treatment condition simulation device, gaseous tension system, confined pressure hydraulic system, waterfrac treatment system and computing machine, described waterfrac treatment condition simulation device centering is placed on the base of electronic universal tester, and described electronic universal tester and computing machine join;
Described waterfrac treatment condition simulation device is made up of lane side simulation mechanism and lane side surrounding environment simulation mechanism, described lane helps simulation mechanism to comprise the baffle plate of docking successively, air permeable plate, coal petrography sample and top cutting ferrule pipe, on the outer wall of described top cutting ferrule pipe, be provided with scale, described baffle plate, air permeable plate, it is an entirety that coal petrography sample and top cutting ferrule pipe are fastened by electrical adhesive tape, described baffle plate middle part is provided with the first inlet channel, described air permeable plate middle part is provided with the second inlet channel being connected with the first inlet channel, the surrounding that is positioned at the second inlet channel on described air permeable plate is provided with radial ventilative duct, described lane helps surrounding environment simulation mechanism to comprise base, be fixedly connected on the cylinder barrel and the cover that is fixedly connected on cylinder barrel top of base top, on the sidewall of described cylinder barrel middle part, have the lane side simulation mechanism patchhole inserting for lane side simulation mechanism, described base top centre position place is provided with groove, in described groove, be placed with push-down head, directly over described push-down head, be disposed with from top to bottom first concave surface pressure head, first convex surface pressure head and piston, described piston upwards passes cover outside, and the centre position place of cover is provided with the through hole passing for piston, the upper surface of described piston be positioned at described electronic universal tester pressure head under, described lane helps simulation mechanism from side simulation mechanism patchhole insertion cylinder barrel inside, described lane, and coal petrography sample is to being sitting between the upper surface of push-down head and the lower surface of first concave surface pressure head, top cutting ferrule pipe clamp closes and is connected in described lane side simulation mechanism patchhole, the gas access that is provided with the 3rd inlet channel on described base and is connected with the 3rd inlet channel, on described push-down head, be provided with the 4th inlet channel being connected with the 3rd inlet channel, described the 4th inlet channel is connected with the first inlet channel by the first gas transport pipeline, on described base, be provided with the confined pressure liquid flow channel being connected with cylinder barrel inner space, described base sidepiece is provided with the confined pressure liquid entrance being connected with confined pressure liquid flow channel, and described cylinder barrel side is provided with exhausr port, is connected with exhausr port plug on described exhausr port,
Described gaseous tension system comprises compression gas tank, and the gas outlet of described compression gas tank is connected with gas access by the second gas transport pipeline, on described the second gas transport pipeline, is provided with reduction valve and rain glass;
Described confined pressure hydraulic system comprises the confined pressure liquid inflow pipe that confined pressure liquid case is connected with confined pressure liquid case with one end, the other end of described confined pressure liquid inflow pipe is connected with confined pressure liquid entrance, on described confined pressure liquid inflow pipe, be connected with hydraulic pump and retaining valve, on one section of confined pressure liquid inflow pipe between hydraulic pump and retaining valve, be connected with confined pressure liquid run-down pipe, on described confined pressure liquid run-down pipe, be connected with confined pressure hydraulic coupling table and confined pressure liquid surplus valve, on one section of confined pressure liquid inflow pipe between retaining valve and confined pressure liquid entrance, be connected with confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe, on described confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe, be connected with confined pressure liquid reverse flow valve,
Described waterfrac treatment system comprises water tank, and described water tank is connected with the steel pipe that coal petrography sample is carried out insert in the boring being arranged on coal petrography sample when waterfrac treatment is tested by hydraulic pipeline, is provided with water pump, water valve and water pressure gauge on described hydraulic pipeline.
Waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under above-mentioned coal mine, is characterized in that: between described base and push-down head, between base and cylinder barrel, between cylinder barrel and cover, between first concave surface pressure head and first convex surface pressure head, between top cutting ferrule pipe and cylinder barrel and be provided with O-ring seal between cover and piston.
Under above-mentioned coal mine, waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system, is characterized in that: described cylinder barrel is fixedly connected on base top by the first bolt, and described cover is fixedly connected on cylinder barrel top by the second bolt.
Waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under above-mentioned coal mine, it is characterized in that: the shape of described cylinder barrel outline, the shape of push-down head outline, the shape of coal petrography sample outline, the shape of the shape of top cutting ferrule pipe outline and first concave surface pressure head bottom outline is cuboid, the length of described coal petrography sample and the length of push-down head and first concave surface pressure head bottom equal in length, the width of described coal petrography sample and the width of push-down head, the width of top cutting ferrule pipe outline and the width of first concave surface pressure head bottom equate, the height of described coal petrography sample equates with the height of top cutting ferrule pipe outline.
Waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under above-mentioned coal mine, it is characterized in that: one end of described the first gas transport pipeline joins by the first rapid-acting coupling and the first inlet channel, the other end of described the first gas transport pipeline joins by the second rapid-acting coupling and the 4th inlet channel.
The present invention also provide a kind of method step simple, realize waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber analogy method under the convenient coal mine that can simulate truly under the suffered stress situation of coal and rock under coal mine and coal mine gas self content and pressure in coal and rock, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, assembling coal mine downhole hydraulic pressure break experiments experiment chamber simulation system, its detailed process is:
Step 101, by baffle plate, air permeable plate, coal petrography sample and the top cutting ferrule pipe of docking successively, to be fastened by electrical adhesive tape be an entirety, is combined into lane side simulation mechanism;
Step 102, push-down head is placed in described groove, and the 4th inlet channel is connected with the 3rd inlet channel, and one end of the first gas transport pipeline is connected on the 4th inlet channel;
Step 103, cylinder barrel is fixedly connected on to base top;
Step 104, one end of helping simulation mechanism to have baffle plate in described lane are inserted described lane and are helped in simulation mechanism patchhole, and are arranged on the scale on the card sleeve outer wall of top by observation, make coal petrography sample to being sitting on the upper surface of push-down head;
Step 105, the other end of the first gas transport pipeline is connected on the first inlet channel;
Step 106, first concave surface pressure head is aligned on the upper surface that is positioned over coal petrography sample, and place first convex surface pressure head at the top of first concave surface pressure head;
Step 107, by piston through being arranged in the through hole at cover centre position place, and cover is fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel top, ensure the center of piston and the central alignment of first convex surface pressure head simultaneously;
Step 108, the second gas transport pipeline is connected on gas access;
Step 109, confined pressure liquid inflow pipe is connected on confined pressure liquid entrance;
Step 1010, electronic universal tester is connected with computing machine, and the waterfrac treatment condition simulation device centering that step 101～step 107 has been assembled is placed on the base of electronic universal tester, and make the upper surface of piston be positioned at described electronic universal tester pressure head under;
Step 2, coal supply rock sample load axial compression: on computers, open mounted electronic universal tester software in advance, operation electronic universal tester software startup electronic universal tester, and the pressure head of setting electronic universal tester presses down speed parameter and the pressure parameter of piston, the pressure head of electronic universal tester presses down piston according to the speed parameter of setting, until be presented at pressure parameter in electronic universal tester software and reach the pressure parameter of setting;
Step 3, coal supply rock sample load confined pressure: take off the exhausr port plug being connected on exhausr port, open exhausr port, open the feed liquor switch of confined pressure liquid surplus valve, open described confined pressure hydraulic system, confined pressure liquid in confined pressure liquid case warp after the second hydraulic pump pressurization is flowed in cylinder barrel by confined pressure liquid inflow pipe and confined pressure liquid entrance, in the time that exhausr port has confined pressure liquid to flow out, exhausr port plug is connected on exhausr port, close exhausr port;
Step 4, coal supply rock sample load gaseous tension: the switch of opening reduction valve, open described gaseous tension system, after gas in compression gas tank reduces pressure by reduction valve, warp is entered in the first inlet channel and the second inlet channel by the gentle body entrance of the second gas transport pipeline, and enters in bleeder vent road;
Step 5, the coal petrography sample place of exposing in the cutting ferrule pipe of top carry out waterfrac treatment experiment, and its detailed process is as follows:
On the coal petrography sample that step 501, the electrical drilling machine that is d with bit diameter expose in the cutting ferrule pipe of top, getting position angle is that α, inclination angle are the boring that β, length are L;
Step 502, in described boring, insert steel pipe;
Step 503, described boring is carried out to sealing of hole with encapsulant, sealed borehole length is n; Wherein, n<L;
Step 504, hydraulic pipeline is connected on steel pipe;
Step 505, open water valve, open described waterfrac treatment system, after the water in water tank pressurizes by water pump, through being entered in steel pipe by hydraulic pipeline, and get on coal petrography sample, coal petrography sample is carried out to waterfrac treatment, on coal petrography sample, formed the crack of inner filling water;
After step 506, pressure break time period t, close water valve, close described waterfrac treatment system, the hydraulic pipeline being connected on steel pipe is disconnected, the water in described crack flows out gradually;
Step 507, after the water in described crack drains, with gas pressure measurement instrument measure steel pipe expose the gaseous tension P of port, and with gas concentration measurement instrument measure steel pipe expose the gas concentration φ of port;
Step 508, the pressure head that records the electronic universal tester of setting in described step 2 press down the pressure parameter of piston, record the confined pressure showing on hydraulic fluid tensimeter in described step 3, record the gaseous tension showing on rain glass in described step 4, recording in described step 501 diameter d of drill bit and the position angle of boring is that α, inclination angle are β and length L, record the Hydraulic fracturing pressure showing on water pressure gauge 38 in described step 505, record the pressure break time period t in described step 506, and record the gaseous tension P and the gas concentration φ that in described step 507, measure.
Above-mentioned method, is characterized in that: before described step 502, also adopt boring cleaning fluid to clean described boring.
Above-mentioned method, is characterized in that: in described step 102, before push-down head being placed in described groove, first in groove, put into O-ring seal; In described step 103, before cylinder barrel is fixedly connected on to base top, first put into O-ring seal in base top; In described step 104 in described lane side simulation mechanism patchhole is inserted in the one end described lane side simulation mechanism to baffle plate before, first in described lane side simulation mechanism patchhole, put into O-ring seal; In described step 106, before first convex surface pressure head is placed on to the top of first concave surface pressure head, first in first concave surface pressure head, put into O-ring seal; In described step 107 by piston through before in being arranged on the through hole at cover centre position place, first in the through hole that is arranged on cover centre position place, put into O-ring seal; In described step 107, before cover is fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel top, first put into O-ring seal at cylinder barrel top.
Above-mentioned method, is characterized in that: in described step 103, cylinder barrel being fixedly connected on to base top is to adopt the second bolt; In described step 107, cover being fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel top is to adopt the 3rd bolt.
Above-mentioned method, it is characterized in that: the speed parameter that the pressure head of the electronic universal tester of setting in described step 2 presses down piston is 0.4mm/min～0.6mm/min, the pressure parameter that the pressure head of the electronic universal tester of setting in described step 2 presses down piston is 3MPa～5MPa.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system simple in structure under coal mine of the present invention, it is convenient to realize, and uses simple to operate.
2, under coal mine of the present invention, the method step of waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber analogy method is simple, and it is convenient to realize.
3, the present invention can realize the adjusting to axial compression and confined pressure, can be according to the terrestrial stress size of different mine coal rock mass, simulate truly the suffered terrestrial stress situation of coal and rock under coal mine.
4, the present invention can realize the adjusting of gaseous tension size, can be according to the gas reserves of different mines and pressure, and real simulation goes out interior gas self content of coal and rock and pressure under coal mine.
5, the present invention can measure raw coal (i.e. the rock sample from directly taking mine) anti-reflection situation of its gas after downhole hydraulic pressure break.
6, the present invention can provide data for engineering technical personnel, length L, Hydraulic fracturing pressure and the pressure break time period t of angle of inclination beta, boring of studying azimuth angle alpha, the boring of diameter d, the boring of axial compression (being the pressure parameter that the pressure head of electronic universal tester presses down piston), confined pressure, gaseous tension, drill bit for engineering technical personnel on the waterfrac treatment of coal petrography sample after effluent air pressure P and gas concentration φ affect rule, and then the method for the effluent air concentration φ that is improved, and finally improve gas pumping rate.
7, of the present invention to realize cost low, stable and reliable for performance, practical, is convenient to promote the use of.
In sum, the present invention realizes conveniently, can be according to different mine shaft geology situations, waterfrac treatment condition under simulation well truly, can measure impact and the rules of parameter on downhole hydraulic pressure break antireflective effect such as axial compression, confined pressure, gaseous tension, stable and reliable for performance, contribute to improve gas pumping rate, be convenient to promote the use of.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of waterfrac treatment condition simulation device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-baffle plate; 2-air permeable plate; 3-coal petrography sample;
4-top cutting ferrule pipe; The 5-the first inlet channel; The 6-the second inlet channel;
7-ventilative duct; 8-base; 9-cylinder barrel;
10-cover; 11-push-down head; 12-first convex surface pressure head;
13-piston; The 14-the three inlet channel; 15-gas access;
The 16-the four inlet channel; The 17-the first gas transport pipeline;
18-confined pressure liquid flow channel; 19-confined pressure liquid entrance; 20-exhausr port;
21-exhausr port plug; 22-compression gas tank; The 23-the second gas transport pipeline;
24-reduction valve; 25-rain glass; 26-confined pressure liquid case;
27-confined pressure liquid inflow pipe; 28-hydraulic pump; 29-confined pressure liquid run-down pipe;
30-confined pressure hydraulic coupling table; 31-confined pressure liquid surplus valve; 32-confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe;
33-confined pressure liquid reverse flow valve; 34-water tank; 35-hydraulic pipeline;
36-water pump; 37-water valve; 38-water pressure gauge;
39-first concave surface pressure head; 40-electronic universal tester;
41-waterfrac treatment condition simulation device; 42-computing machine;
43-retaining valve; 44-O-ring seal; The 45-the first bolt;
The 46-the second bolt; 47-steel pipe.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under coal mine of the present invention, comprise electronic universal tester 40, waterfrac treatment condition simulation device 41, gaseous tension system, confined pressure hydraulic system, waterfrac treatment system and computing machine 42, described waterfrac treatment condition simulation device 41 centerings are placed on the base of electronic universal tester 40, and described electronic universal tester 40 joins with computing machine 42;
Described waterfrac treatment condition simulation device 41You lane side simulation mechanism and lane side surrounding environment simulation mechanism composition, described lane helps simulation mechanism to comprise the baffle plate 1 of docking successively, air permeable plate 2, coal petrography sample 3 and top cutting ferrule pipe 4, on the outer wall of described top cutting ferrule pipe 4, be provided with scale, described baffle plate 1, air permeable plate 2, it is an entirety that coal petrography sample 3 and top cutting ferrule pipe 4 are fastened by electrical adhesive tape, described baffle plate 1 middle part is provided with the first inlet channel 5, described air permeable plate 2 middle parts are provided with the second inlet channel 6 being connected with the first inlet channel 5, the surrounding that is positioned at the second inlet channel 6 on described air permeable plate 2 is provided with radial ventilative duct 7, described lane helps surrounding environment simulation mechanism to comprise base 8, be fixedly connected on the cylinder barrel 9 and the cover 10 that is fixedly connected on cylinder barrel 9 tops at base 8 tops, on described cylinder barrel 9 middle part sidewalls, have the lane side simulation mechanism patchhole inserting for lane side simulation mechanism, described base 8 crown center positions are provided with groove, in described groove, be placed with push-down head 11, directly over described push-down head 11, be disposed with from top to bottom first concave surface pressure head 39, first convex surface pressure head 12 and piston 13, described piston 13 upwards passes cover 10 outsides, and the centre position place of cover 10 is provided with the through hole passing for piston 13, the upper surface of described piston 13 be positioned at described electronic universal tester 40 pressure head under, described lane helps simulation mechanism from side simulation mechanism patchhole insertion cylinder barrel 9 inside, described lane, and coal petrography sample 3 is to being sitting between the upper surface of push-down head 11 and the lower surface of first concave surface pressure head 39, top cutting ferrule pipe 4 engagement connections are in simulation mechanism patchhole is helped in described lane, the gas access 15 that is provided with the 3rd inlet channel 14 on described base 8 and is connected with the 3rd inlet channel 14, on described push-down head 11, be provided with the 4th inlet channel 16 being connected with the 3rd inlet channel 14, described the 4th inlet channel 16 is connected with the first inlet channel 5 by the first gas transport pipeline 17, on described base 8, be provided with the confined pressure liquid flow channel 18 being connected with cylinder barrel 9 inner spaces, described base 8 sidepieces are provided with the confined pressure liquid entrance 19 being connected with confined pressure liquid flow channel 18, described cylinder barrel 9 sides are provided with exhausr port 20, on described exhausr port 20, are connected with exhausr port plug 21,
Described gaseous tension system comprises compression gas tank 22, and the gas outlet of described compression gas tank 22 is connected with gas access 15 by the second gas transport pipeline 23, on described the second gas transport pipeline 23, is provided with reduction valve 24 and rain glass 25;
Described confined pressure hydraulic system comprises the confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27 that confined pressure liquid case 26 is connected with confined pressure liquid case 26 with one end, the other end of described confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27 is connected with confined pressure liquid entrance 19, on described confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27, be connected with hydraulic pump 28 and retaining valve 43, on one section of confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27 between hydraulic pump 28 and retaining valve 43, be connected with confined pressure liquid run-down pipe 29, on described confined pressure liquid run-down pipe 29, be connected with confined pressure hydraulic coupling table 30 and confined pressure liquid surplus valve 31, on one section of confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27 between retaining valve 43 and confined pressure liquid entrance 19, be connected with confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe 32, on described confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe 32, be connected with confined pressure liquid reverse flow valve 33,
Described waterfrac treatment system comprises water tank 34, described water tank 34 is connected with the steel pipe 47 that coal petrography sample 3 is carried out insert in the boring being arranged on coal petrography sample 3 when waterfrac treatment is tested by hydraulic pipeline 35, is provided with water pump 36, water valve 37 and water pressure gauge 38 on described hydraulic pipeline 35.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, between described base 8 and push-down head 11, between base 8 and cylinder barrel 9, between cylinder barrel 9 and cover 10, between first concave surface pressure head 39 and first convex surface pressure head 12, between top cutting ferrule pipe 4 and cylinder barrel 9 and be provided with O-ring seal 44 between cover 10 and piston 13.Described cylinder barrel 9 is fixedly connected on base 8 tops by the first bolt 45, and described cover 10 is fixedly connected on cylinder barrel 9 tops by the second bolt 46.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the shape of described cylinder barrel 9 outlines, the shape of push-down head 11 outlines, the shape of coal petrography sample 3 outlines, the shape of top cutting ferrule pipe 4 outlines and the shape of first concave surface pressure head 39 bottom outlines are cuboid, the length of the length of described coal petrography sample 3 and push-down head 11 and first concave surface pressure head 39 bottoms equal in length, the width of the width of described coal petrography sample 3 and push-down head 11, the width of top cutting ferrule pipe 4 outlines and the width of first concave surface pressure head 39 bottoms equate, the height of described coal petrography sample 3 equates with the height of top cutting ferrule pipe 4 outlines.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, one end of described the first gas transport pipeline 17 joins by the first rapid-acting coupling and the first inlet channel 5, and the other end of described the first gas transport pipeline 17 joins by the second rapid-acting coupling and the 4th inlet channel 16.
Waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber analogy method under coal mine of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, assembling coal mine downhole hydraulic pressure break experiments experiment chamber simulation system, its detailed process is:
Step 101, by baffle plate 1, air permeable plate 2, coal petrography sample 3 and the top cutting ferrule pipe 4 of docking successively, to be fastened by electrical adhesive tape be an entirety, is combined into lane side simulation mechanism;
Step 102, push-down head 11 is placed in described groove, and the 4th inlet channel 16 is connected with the 3rd inlet channel 14, and one end of the first gas transport pipeline 17 is connected on the 4th inlet channel 16;
Step 103, cylinder barrel 9 is fixedly connected on to base 8 tops;
Step 104, one end of helping simulation mechanism to have baffle plate 1 in described lane are inserted described lane and are helped in simulation mechanism patchhole, and are arranged on the scale on cutting ferrule pipe 4 outer walls of top by observation, make coal petrography sample 3 to being sitting on the upper surface of push-down head 11; When concrete enforcement, the distance that known seat 8 centers to cylinder barrel 9 has a side side of lane side simulation mechanism patchhole is l
1, and the half of the length of known coal petrography sample 3 is l
2, by formula l=l
1-l
2just can calculate the distance l that side to cylinder barrel 9 that top cutting ferrule pipe 4 stretches into cylinder barrel 9 inside has a side side of lane side simulation mechanism patchhole, and this scale that can be arranged on cutting ferrule pipe 4 outer walls of top by observation apart from l is learnt;
Step 105, the other end of the first gas transport pipeline 17 is connected on the first inlet channel 5;
Step 106, first concave surface pressure head 39 is aligned on the upper surface that is positioned over coal petrography sample 3, and place first convex surface pressure head 12 at the top of first concave surface pressure head 39;
Step 107, by piston 13 through being arranged in the through hole at cover 10 centre position places, and cover 10 is fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel 9 tops, ensure the central alignment of piston 13 center and first convex surface pressure head 12 simultaneously;
Step 108, the second gas transport pipeline 23 is connected on gas access 15;
Step 109, confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27 is connected on confined pressure liquid entrance 19;
Step 1010, electronic universal tester 40 is connected with computing machine 42, and waterfrac treatment condition simulation device 41 centerings that step 101～step 107 has been assembled are placed on the base of electronic universal tester 40, and make the upper surface of piston 13 be positioned at described electronic universal tester 40 pressure head under;
Step 2, coal supply rock sample 3 load axial compression: on computing machine 42, open mounted electronic universal tester software in advance, operation electronic universal tester software startup electronic universal tester 40, and the pressure head of setting electronic universal tester 40 presses down speed parameter and the pressure parameter of piston 13, the pressure head of electronic universal tester 40 presses down piston 13 according to the speed parameter of setting, until be presented at pressure parameter in electronic universal tester software and reach the pressure parameter of setting;
Step 3, coal supply rock sample 3 load confined pressure: take off the exhausr port plug 21 being connected on exhausr port 20, open exhausr port 20, open the feed liquor switch of confined pressure liquid surplus valve 31, open described confined pressure hydraulic system, confined pressure liquid in confined pressure liquid case 26 warp after the second hydraulic pump 37 pressurizations is flowed in cylinder barrel 9 by confined pressure liquid inflow pipe 27 and confined pressure liquid entrance 19, in the time that exhausr port 20 has confined pressure liquid to flow out, exhausr port plug 21 is connected on exhausr port 20, close exhausr port 20;
Press down the pressure parameter of piston 13 by the pressure head of different electronic universal tester 40 is set in step 2, can realize the adjusting to axial compression; By operate confined pressure liquid surplus valve 31 in step 3, can realize the adjusting to confined pressure; And then can be according to the terrestrial stress size of different mine coal rock mass, simulate truly the suffered terrestrial stress situation of coal and rock under coal mine.
Step 4, coal supply rock sample 3 load gaseous tension: the switch of opening reduction valve 24, open described gaseous tension system, after gas in compression gas tank 22 reduces pressure by reduction valve 24, warp is entered in the first inlet channel 5 and the second inlet channel 6 by the second gas transport pipeline 23 and gas access 15, and enters in bleeder vent road 7;
By operate reduction valve 24 in step 4, can realize the adjusting to gaseous tension size, can be according to the gas reserves of different mines and pressure, real simulation goes out interior gas self content of coal and rock and pressure under coal mine.
Step 5, coal petrography sample 3 places of exposing in top cutting ferrule pipe 4 carry out waterfrac treatment experiment, and its detailed process is as follows:
On the coal petrography sample 3 that step 501, the electrical drilling machine that is d with bit diameter expose in top cutting ferrule pipe 4, getting position angle is that α, inclination angle are the boring that β, length are L;
Step 502, in described boring, insert steel pipe 47; When concrete enforcement, the length of steel pipe 47 is slightly less than the length L of boring, and the diameter of steel pipe 47 is slightly less than the diameter of boring, i.e. the diameter d of drill bit;
Step 503, described boring is carried out to sealing of hole with encapsulant, sealed borehole length is n; Wherein, n<L; When concrete enforcement, described encapsulant is epoxide-resin glue;
Step 504, hydraulic pipeline 35 is connected on steel pipe 47;
Step 505, open water valve 37, open described waterfrac treatment system, after the water in water tank 34 pressurizes by water pump 36, warp is entered in steel pipe 47 by hydraulic pipeline 35, and gets on coal petrography sample 3, coal petrography sample 3 is carried out to waterfrac treatment, on coal petrography sample 3, formed the crack of inner filling water;
After step 506, pressure break time period t, close water valve 37, close described waterfrac treatment system, the hydraulic pipeline 35 being connected on steel pipe 47 is disconnected, the water in described crack flows out gradually;
Step 507, after the water in described crack drains, with gas pressure measurement instrument measure steel pipe 47 expose the gaseous tension P of port, and with gas concentration measurement instrument measure steel pipe 47 expose the gas concentration φ of port;
Step 508, the pressure head that records the electronic universal tester 40 of setting in described step 2 presses down the pressure parameter of piston 13, record the confined pressure showing on hydraulic fluid tensimeter 30 in described step 3, record the gaseous tension showing on rain glass 25 in described step 4, recording in described step 501 diameter d of drill bit and the position angle of boring is α, inclination angle is β and length L, record the Hydraulic fracturing pressure showing on water pressure gauge 38 in described step 505, record the pressure break time period t in described step 506, and record the gaseous tension P and the gas concentration φ that in described step 507, measure.The data that record obtains are above offered to engineering technical personnel, length L, Hydraulic fracturing pressure and the pressure break time period t of angle of inclination beta, boring that engineering technical personnel can study azimuth angle alpha, the boring of diameter d, the boring of axial compression (being the pressure parameter that the pressure head of electronic universal tester 40 presses down piston 13), confined pressure, gaseous tension, drill bit to 3 waterfrac treatments of coal petrography sample after effluent air pressure P and gas concentration φ, and then the method for the effluent air concentration φ that is improved, and finally improve gas pumping rate.
In the present embodiment, before described step 502, also adopt boring cleaning fluid to clean described boring.When concrete enforcement, described boring cleaning fluid is acetone or alcohol.By cleaning described boring, can also examine whether to clean the impact of boring on effluent air pressure P and gas concentration φ after 3 waterfrac treatments of coal petrography sample for engineering technical personnel.
In the present embodiment, in described step 102, before push-down head 11 is placed in described groove, first in groove, put into O-ring seal 44; In described step 103, before cylinder barrel 9 is fixedly connected on to base 8 tops, first put into O-ring seal 44 at base 8 tops; In described step 104 in described lane side simulation mechanism patchhole is inserted in the one end described lane side simulation mechanism to baffle plate 1 before, first in described lane side simulation mechanism patchhole, put into O-ring seal 44; In described step 106, before first convex surface pressure head 12 is placed on to the top of first concave surface pressure head 39, first in first concave surface pressure head 39, put into O-ring seal 44; In described step 107 by piston 13 through before in being arranged on the through hole at cover 10 centre position places, first in the through hole that is arranged on cover 10 centre position places, put into O-ring seal 44; In described step 107, before cover 10 is fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel 9 tops, first put into O-ring seal 44 at cylinder barrel 9 tops.In described step 103, cylinder barrel 9 being fixedly connected on to base 8 tops is to adopt the second bolt 45; In described step 107, cover 10 being fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel 9 tops is to adopt the 3rd bolt 46.
In the present embodiment, the speed parameter that the pressure head of the electronic universal tester 40 of setting in described step 2 presses down piston 13 is 0.4mm/min～0.6mm/min, and the pressure parameter that the pressure head of the electronic universal tester 40 of setting in described step 2 presses down piston 13 is 3MPa～5MPa.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to the technology of the present invention essence, change and equivalent structure change, and all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under a coal mine, it is characterized in that: comprise electronic universal tester (40), waterfrac treatment condition simulation device (41), gaseous tension system, confined pressure hydraulic system, waterfrac treatment system and computing machine (42), described waterfrac treatment condition simulation device (41) centering is placed on the base of electronic universal tester (40), and described electronic universal tester (40) joins with computing machine (42);
Described waterfrac treatment condition simulation device (41) is made up of lane side simulation mechanism and lane side surrounding environment simulation mechanism, described lane helps simulation mechanism to comprise the baffle plate (1) of docking successively, air permeable plate (2), coal petrography sample (3) and top cutting ferrule pipe (4), on the outer wall of described top cutting ferrule pipe (4), be provided with scale, described baffle plate (1), air permeable plate (2), it is an entirety that coal petrography sample (3) and top cutting ferrule pipe (4) are fastened by electrical adhesive tape, described baffle plate (1) middle part is provided with the first inlet channel (5), described air permeable plate (2) middle part is provided with the second inlet channel (6) being connected with the first inlet channel (5), the surrounding that is positioned at the second inlet channel (6) on described air permeable plate (2) is provided with radial ventilative duct (7), described lane helps surrounding environment simulation mechanism to comprise base (8), be fixedly connected on the cylinder barrel (9) at base (8) top and be fixedly connected on the cover (10) at cylinder barrel (9) top, on the sidewall of described cylinder barrel (9) middle part, have the lane side simulation mechanism patchhole inserting for lane side simulation mechanism, described base (8) crown center position is provided with groove, in described groove, be placed with push-down head (11), directly over described push-down head (11), be disposed with from top to bottom first concave surface pressure head (39), first convex surface pressure head (12) and piston (13), described piston (13) upwards passes cover (10) outside, and the centre position place of cover (10) is provided with the through hole passing for piston (13), the upper surface of described piston (13) be positioned at described electronic universal tester (40) pressure head under, described lane helps simulation mechanism from side simulation mechanism patchhole insertion cylinder barrel (9) inside, described lane, and coal petrography sample (3) is to being sitting between the upper surface of push-down head (11) and the lower surface of first concave surface pressure head (39), top cutting ferrule pipe (4) engagement connection is in simulation mechanism patchhole is helped in described lane, the gas access (15) that is provided with the 3rd inlet channel (14) on described base (8) and is connected with the 3rd inlet channel (14), on described push-down head (11), be provided with the 4th inlet channel (16) being connected with the 3rd inlet channel (14), described the 4th inlet channel (16) is connected with the first inlet channel (5) by the first gas transport pipeline (17), on described base (8), be provided with the confined pressure liquid flow channel (18) being connected with cylinder barrel (9) inner space, described base (8) sidepiece is provided with the confined pressure liquid entrance (19) being connected with confined pressure liquid flow channel (18), described cylinder barrel (9) side is provided with exhausr port (20), is connected with exhausr port plug (21) on described exhausr port (20),
Described gaseous tension system comprises compression gas tank (22), the gas outlet of described compression gas tank (22) is connected with gas access (15) by the second gas transport pipeline (23), on described the second gas transport pipeline (23), is provided with reduction valve (24) and rain glass (25);
Described confined pressure hydraulic system comprises the confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27) that confined pressure liquid case (26) is connected with confined pressure liquid case (26) with one end, the other end of described confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27) is connected with confined pressure liquid entrance (19), on described confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27), be connected with hydraulic pump (28) and retaining valve (43), be positioned on the one section of confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27) between hydraulic pump (28) and retaining valve (43) and be connected with confined pressure liquid run-down pipe (29), on described confined pressure liquid run-down pipe (29), be connected with confined pressure hydraulic coupling table (30) and confined pressure liquid surplus valve (31), be positioned on the one section of confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27) between retaining valve (43) and confined pressure liquid entrance (19) and be connected with confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe (32), on described confined pressure liquid recirculatory pipe (32), be connected with confined pressure liquid reverse flow valve (33),
Described waterfrac treatment system comprises water tank (34), described water tank (34) is connected with the steel pipe (47) that coal petrography sample (3) is carried out insert in the boring being arranged on coal petrography sample (3) when waterfrac treatment is tested by hydraulic pipeline (35), is provided with water pump (36), water valve (37) and water pressure gauge (38) on described hydraulic pipeline (35).
2. according to waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under coal mine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described base (8) and push-down head (11), between base (8) and cylinder barrel (9), between cylinder barrel (9) and cover (10), between first concave surface pressure head (39) and first convex surface pressure head (12), between top cutting ferrule pipe (4) and cylinder barrel (9) and be provided with O-ring seal (44) between cover (10) and piston (13).
3. according to waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under coal mine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cylinder barrel (9) is fixedly connected on base (8) top by the first bolt (45), described cover (10) is fixedly connected on cylinder barrel (9) top by the second bolt (46).
4. according to waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under coal mine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shape of described cylinder barrel (9) outline, the shape of push-down head (11) outline, the shape of coal petrography sample (3) outline, the shape of the shape of top cutting ferrule pipe (4) outline and first concave surface pressure head (39) bottom outline is cuboid, the length of the length of described coal petrography sample (3) and push-down head (11) and first concave surface pressure head (39) bottom equal in length, the width of the width of described coal petrography sample (3) and push-down head (11), the width of the width of top cutting ferrule pipe (4) outline and first concave surface pressure head (39) bottom equates, the height of described coal petrography sample (3) equates with the height of top cutting ferrule pipe (4) outline.
5. according to waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation system under coal mine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: one end of described the first gas transport pipeline (17) joins by the first rapid-acting coupling and the first inlet channel (5), the other end of described the first gas transport pipeline (17) joins by the second rapid-acting coupling and the 4th inlet channel (16).
6. utilize the method that simulation system is carried out waterfrac treatment experiments experiment chamber simulation under coal mine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, assembling coal mine downhole hydraulic pressure break experiments experiment chamber simulation system, its detailed process is:
Step 101, by baffle plate (1), air permeable plate (2), coal petrography sample (3) and the top cutting ferrule pipe (4) of docking successively, to be fastened by electrical adhesive tape be an entirety, is combined into lane and helps simulation mechanism;
Step 102, push-down head (11) is placed in described groove, and the 4th inlet channel (16) is connected with the 3rd inlet channel (14), and one end of the first gas transport pipeline (17) is connected on the 4th inlet channel (16);
Step 103, cylinder barrel (9) is fixedly connected on to base (8) top;
Step 104, one end of helping simulation mechanism to have baffle plate (1) in described lane are inserted described lane and are helped in simulation mechanism patchhole, and be arranged on the scale on top cutting ferrule pipe (4) outer wall by observation, make coal petrography sample (3) to being sitting on the upper surface of push-down head (11);
Step 105, the other end of the first gas transport pipeline (17) is connected on the first inlet channel (5);
Step 106, first concave surface pressure head (39) is aligned on the upper surface that is positioned over coal petrography sample (3), and place first convex surface pressure head (12) at the top of first concave surface pressure head (39);
Step 107, by piston (13) through being arranged in the through hole at cover (10) centre position place, and cover (10) is fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel (9) top, ensure the center of piston (13) and the central alignment of first convex surface pressure head (12) simultaneously;
Step 108, the second gas transport pipeline (23) is connected on gas access (15);
Step 109, confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27) is connected on confined pressure liquid entrance (19);
Step 1010, electronic universal tester (40) is connected with computing machine (42), and waterfrac treatment condition simulation device (41) centering that step 101～step 107 has been assembled is placed on the base of electronic universal tester (40), and make the upper surface of piston (13) be positioned at described electronic universal tester (40) pressure head under;
Step 2, coal supply rock sample (3) load axial compression: on computing machine (42), open mounted electronic universal tester software in advance, operation electronic universal tester software startup electronic universal tester (40), and the pressure head of setting electronic universal tester (40) presses down speed parameter and the pressure parameter of piston (13), the pressure head of electronic universal tester (40) presses down piston (13) according to the speed parameter of setting, until be presented at pressure parameter in electronic universal tester software and reach the pressure parameter of setting;
Step 3, coal supply rock sample (3) load confined pressure: take off the exhausr port plug (21) being connected on exhausr port (20), open exhausr port (20), open the feed liquor switch of confined pressure liquid surplus valve (31), open described confined pressure hydraulic system, confined pressure liquid in confined pressure liquid case (26) warp after the second hydraulic pump (37) pressurization is flowed in cylinder barrel (9) by confined pressure liquid inflow pipe (27) and confined pressure liquid entrance (19), in the time that exhausr port (20) has confined pressure liquid to flow out, exhausr port plug (21) is connected to exhausr port (20) upper, closes exhausr port (20);
Step 4, coal supply rock sample (3) load gaseous tension: the switch of opening reduction valve (24), open described gaseous tension system, after gas in compression gas tank (22) reduces pressure by reduction valve (24), warp is entered in the first inlet channel (5) and the second inlet channel (6) by the second gas transport pipeline (23) and gas access (15), and enters in bleeder vent road (7);
Step 5, the coal petrography sample (3) exposing in top cutting ferrule pipe (4) locate to carry out waterfrac treatment experiment, and its detailed process is as follows:
On the coal petrography sample (3) that step 501, the electrical drilling machine that is d with bit diameter expose in top cutting ferrule pipe (4), getting position angle is that α, inclination angle are the boring that β, length are L;
Step 502, in described boring, insert steel pipe (47);
Step 503, described boring is carried out to sealing of hole with encapsulant, sealed borehole length is n; Wherein, n<L;
Step 504, hydraulic pipeline (35) is connected on steel pipe (47);
Step 505, open water valve (37), open described waterfrac treatment system, after water in water tank (34) pressurizes by water pump (36), warp is entered in steel pipe (47) by hydraulic pipeline (35), and get on coal petrography sample (3), coal petrography sample (3) is carried out to waterfrac treatment, on coal petrography sample (3), formed the crack of inner filling water;
After step 506, pressure break time period t, close water valve (37), close described waterfrac treatment system, the hydraulic pipeline (35) that will be connected on steel pipe (47) disconnects, and the water in described crack flows out gradually;
Step 507, after the water in described crack drains, measure steel pipe (47) with gas pressure measurement instrument and expose the gaseous tension P of port, and measure steel pipe (47) with gas concentration measurement instrument and expose the gas concentration φ of port;
Step 508, the pressure head that records the electronic universal tester (40) of setting in described step 2 presses down the pressure parameter of piston (13), record the upper confined pressure showing of hydraulic fluid tensimeter (30) in described step 3, record the upper gaseous tension showing of rain glass in described step 4 (25), recording in described step 501 diameter d of drill bit and the position angle of boring is α, inclination angle is β and length L, record the Hydraulic fracturing pressure showing on water pressure gauge 38 in described step 505, record the pressure break time period t in described step 506, and record the gaseous tension P and the gas concentration φ that in described step 507, measure.
7. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 6: before described step 502, also adopt boring cleaning fluid to clean described boring.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described step 102, before push-down head (11) is placed in described groove, first in groove, put into O-ring seal (44); In described step 103, before cylinder barrel (9) is fixedly connected on to base (8) top, first put into O-ring seal (44) at base (8) top; In described step 104 in described lane side simulation mechanism patchhole is inserted in the one end described lane side simulation mechanism to baffle plate (1) before, first in simulation mechanism patchhole is helped in described lane, put into O-ring seal (44); In described step 106, before first convex surface pressure head (12) is placed on to the top of first concave surface pressure head (39), first in first concave surface pressure head (39), put into O-ring seal (44); In described step 107 by piston (13) through before in being arranged on the through hole at cover (10) centre position place, first in the through hole that is arranged on cover (10) centre position place, put into O-ring seal (44); In described step 107, before cover (10) is fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel (9) top, first put into O-ring seal (44) at cylinder barrel (9) top.
9. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 6: in described step 103, cylinder barrel (9) being fixedly connected on to base (8) top is to adopt the second bolt (45); In described step 107, cover (10) being fixedly connected on to cylinder barrel (9) top is to adopt the 3rd bolt (46).
10. in accordance with the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that: the speed parameter that the pressure head of the electronic universal tester (40) of setting in described step 2 presses down piston (13) is 0.4mm/min～0.6mm/min, the pressure parameter that the pressure head of the electronic universal tester of setting in described step 2 (40) presses down piston (13) is 3MPa～5MPa.
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