CN103937554A - Nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier - Google Patents
Nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN103937554A CN103937554A CN201410132061.3A CN201410132061A CN103937554A CN 103937554 A CN103937554 A CN 103937554A CN 201410132061 A CN201410132061 A CN 201410132061A CN 103937554 A CN103937554 A CN 103937554A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of a pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier. The nozzle comprises outer water-cooled sleeves, an inner water-cooled sleeves, outer ring spray heads and inner ring spray heads which are coaxial from the outside and inside, wherein a cooling water leading-out channel is arranged between the outer water-cooled sleeves and the inner water-cooled sleeves, a cooling water introduction channel is arranged between the inner water-cooled sleeves and the outer ring spray heads, an outer ring channel is arranged between the outer ring spray heads and the inner ring spray heads, the inner ring spray heads form an inner ring channel, a front end water-cooled chamber is arranged at an outlet of the cooling water leading-out channel and an outlet of the outer ring channel is provided with a plurality of cyclones symmetrically. According the invention, the flow field in the gasifier is changed by designing the gasifier nozzle to enhance the mixing of pulverized coal and air flow, thereby prolonging the residence time of the particles and ultimately improving the carbon conversion rate in pulverized coal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Coal Gasification Technology field, particularly a kind of nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio.
Background technology
Coal has met nearly 30% disposable energy demand in the world, but a large amount of coal that uses has produced very large impact to ecotope.Pulverized coal gasification furnace is a kind of by by coal partial oxidation and further react final preparation with other reaction mediums and take the equipment that carbon monoxide and hydrogen is main component synthetic gas.By Development of Coal gasification technology, can alleviate the problem of environmental pollution that uses coal to bring, thereby it occupies critical role in Filter Tuber For Clean Coal industrial technology field.
Airflow bed gasification furnace is because suitability of fuel is good, operating temperature, pressure are high, and carbon turnover ratio is high, and gas deliverability is strong, the synthetic gas producing can be used for generating, production of chemicals and chemical fertilizer, synthetic various oil products or is converted to the reasons such as Sweet natural gas, has obtained applying widely both at home and abroad.
For airflow bed gasification furnace, when given coal and granularity, can coal dust enter vapourizing furnace and fully react (by carbon turnover ratio, being characterized) and mainly by two factors, determined, whether one have sufficiently high temperature of reaction, and whether another has the sufficiently long residence time.Temperature of reaction is conventionally by the decision of oxygen coal ratio, and for guaranteeing the highest cold gas efficiency, oxygen coal ratio can not be too high, thereby define temperature of reaction.So extend the particle residence time, it is the effective way that improves carbon turnover ratio.
The prolongation residence time can realize by augmenting response device size, but this has also increased manufacturing cost simultaneously, feasible method is to optimize flowing of particle by reasonable design gasification nozzle more economically, coal dust can fully be mixed with high temperature gas flow, make full use of reactor volume to extend the residence time of particle.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio, thereby by gasifying furnace nozzle design, change vapourizing furnace flow field and strengthen mixing of coal dust and air-flow, extend the particle residence time, finally improve carbon turnover ratio in coal dust.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio, comprise coaxial outside water cold sleeve 1 from outer to inner, inner side water cold sleeve 4, outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and interior ring spray 10, between outside water cold sleeve 1 and inner side water cold sleeve 4, form water coolant and derive passage 2, between inner side water cold sleeve 4 and outer shroud shower nozzle 8, form water coolant introduction channel 7, between outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and interior ring spray 10, form outer ring channel 9, ring passage 11 in an interior ring spray 10 interior formation, water coolant is derived passage 2 exits and is provided with front end water cooling chamber 5, the exit of described outer ring channel 9 is symmetrically arranged with some swirlers 12.
Preferably, described outer shroud shower nozzle 8 front ends have interior convergence half-angle α, and interior ring spray 10 front end have outer convergence half-angle β, and interior convergence half-angle α is more than or equal to outer convergence half-angle β, and swirler 12 is arranged between interior convergence position and outer convergence position.
Preferably, described interior convergence half-angle α span is 5 °～50 °, and outer convergence half-angle β span is 5 °～50 °.
More preferably, described interior convergence half-angle α span is 20 °～30 °, and outer convergence half-angle β span is 20 °～30 °.
Preferably, described swirler 12 has two at least, and described swirler 12 is axial screw slot type or axial blade formula, and its external diameter equates with outer ring channel 9 internal diameters.
Preferably, described swirler 12 is 8～12, and when swirler 12 is axial blade formula, its water conservancy diversion angle is 30 °～60 °.
Preferably, the diameter of described interior ring passage 11 is d, and between outer ring channel 9 exit end cross sections and interior ring passage 11 exit end cross sections, distance is a and a < 2d, and the size of d is determined by vapourizing furnace capacity.More preferably, a < d.
Preferably, described front end water cooling chamber 5 comprises that being communicated with water coolant derives the cooling exterior passage way 3 of spray nozzle front end of passage 2 and the cooling interior passageway 6 of spray nozzle front end of connection water coolant introduction channel 7.
The present invention provides a kind of vapourizing furnace that uses described nozzle simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) in outer shroud channel outlet section, swirler is housed, the vaporized chemical air-flow swirler of flowing through before being sprayed by outer ring channel obtains high speed rotating energy, the vaporized chemical of rotation ejection has very large tangential velocity at nozzle exit, its rotation times in same volume vapourizing furnace is increased, the path propagation passing through, gas phase turbulent fluctuation is violent, thereby not only improve the mixed effect of itself and coal dust, and extended it simultaneously and carried the time that coal dust stops in vapourizing furnace, the time with on space, fully contacted and reacted with coal dust, improved the available gas content in carbon turnover ratio and syngas product.
(2) by suitably arranging, in outer shroud shower nozzle, restrain half-angle and interior ring spray head is restrained half-angle outward, make outer ring channel outlet shrink and tilt to central zone, spray angle (overlap ratio in order to increasing with coal dust jeting area) and the spray configuration (in order to expand the spray regime of vaporized chemical) of vaporized chemical be can control, mixing and the collision of vaporized chemical and coal dust strengthened.
(3) between the tail end section of outer ring channel and the tail end section of interior ring passage, certain distance is set, makes to form between coal dust shower nozzle and vaporized chemical shower nozzle small-sized premix chamber.Because coal dust and vaporized chemical in premix chamber can mix in advance, be equivalent to extend the mixing duration of contact of coal dust and vaporized chemical, increase the mixing contact area of coal dust and vaporized chemical, thereby improved the turnover ratio of carbon in coal dust.
(4) the invention belongs to gasification nozzle device, by swirler is set, extend outer shroud shower nozzle and rationally arrange and in outer shroud shower nozzle, restrain half-angle and interior ring spray head and restrain half-angle outward and realize fully mixing and reaction of coal dust and vaporized chemical, reach the object of lifting carbon turnover ratio and available gas composition.
(5) the present invention is simple in structure, and without the difficulty in any operation and control, duration is strong, can on the basis of original gasification nozzle, transform easily, and the cost of effectively reducing investment outlay, promotes power station or chemical plant economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio of the present invention, comprise coaxial outside water cold sleeve 1 from outer to inner, inner side water cold sleeve 4, outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and interior ring spray 10, between outside water cold sleeve 1 and inner side water cold sleeve 4, form water coolant and derive passage 2, between inner side water cold sleeve 4 and outer shroud shower nozzle 8, form water coolant introduction channel 7, between outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and interior ring spray 10, form outer ring channel 9, ring passage 11 in an interior ring spray 10 interior formation, water coolant is derived passage 2 exits and is provided with front end water cooling chamber 5, outer shroud shower nozzle 8, interior ring spray 10 and outer ring channel 9 have formed the main body of nozzle.Between outer ring channel 9 exit end cross sections and interior ring passage 11 exit end cross sections, spacing is 50 μ m, and outer shroud shower nozzle 8 front ends have interior convergence half-angle α=30 °, and interior ring spray 10 front end have outer convergence half-angle β=25 °.
In the exit of outer ring channel 9, be symmetrically arranged with 8 swirlers 12, swirler 12 is arranged between interior convergence position and outer convergence position, and its external diameter equates with outer ring channel 9 internal diameters, and two ends are connected to respectively outer shroud shower nozzle 8 inner sides and interior ring spray 10 outside.Swirler 12, for water conservancy diversion angle is the axial blade formula structure of 45 °, can be also spiral groove type structure.The space of outside water cold sleeve 1, inner side water cold sleeve 4, front end water cooling chamber 5 and 12 formation of swirler has formed the circulating water cooling system of nozzle, front end water cooling chamber 5 is positioned at spray nozzle front end, and front end water cooling chamber 5 comprises that being communicated with water coolant derives the cooling exterior passage way 3 of spray nozzle front end of passage 2 and the cooling interior passageway 6 of spray nozzle front end of connection water coolant introduction channel 7.
By said nozzle structure, for vapourizing furnace, corresponding gasification process process is as follows:
Fuel cluster (carbonaceous solid particulates and carrier gas, or carbonaceous gas) sprays into vapourizing furnace by interior ring spray 10 from interior ring passage 11 enters;
Vaporized chemical enters from outer ring channel 9, in exit, by swirler 12, obtains high speed rotating energy, and press certain angle under a ring spray 8 interior convergence half-angle and an interior ring spray 10 outer convergence half-angle co-controlling outside and spray.Owing to having certain distance between the exit end cross section of outer ring channel 9 and the exit end cross section of interior ring passage 11, therefore it has formed a small-sized premix chamber.The vaporized chemical of fuel and rotation can carry out pre-mixing in chamber, to promote fuel and the vaporized chemical mixing gasifying effect in vapourizing furnace.Abundant mixed fuel reacts with vaporized chemical generating gasification, generates the high syngas product of available gas content.Nozzle recirculated cooling water enters the cooling interior passageway 6 of spray nozzle front end by water coolant introduction channel 7, derives passage 2 flow out after the cooling exterior passage way 3 of the spray nozzle front end of flowing through from water coolant.Spray nozzle front end water cooling chamber 5 is not burnt at high temperature for cooling protection gasification nozzle, with prolonging nozzle work-ing life.
Method of the present invention, adopts described device can generate the synthetic gas that available gas content is high.Described carbonaceous solids can be coal, refinery coke, biomass etc., carbonaceous gas can be Sweet natural gas or unconventional gas, carrier gas can be nitrogen, water vapor, CO2, synthetic gas or their gas mixture, and vaporized chemical can be oxygen, water vapor, CO2 or their gas mixture.
Nozzle of the present invention is by equally distributed swirler 12 has been installed at the outlet section of outer ring channel 9, thereby the length that has extended outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and front end cooling room 5 thereof is rationally provided with the interior convergence half-angle of outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and an interior ring spray 10 outer convergence half-angle simultaneously.Swirler 12 can make the vaporized chemical air-flow of ejection obtain the energy of rotation, thereby in time and on space, strengthen mixing collision effect between vaporized chemical and coal dust; Extend outer shroud shower nozzle 8 length and make to form small-sized premix chamber between outer ring channel 9 exit end cross sections and interior ring passage 11 exit end cross sections, thus the premixing effect of enhancing coal dust and vaporized chemical; The interior convergence half-angle of an outer shroud shower nozzle 8 and interior ring spray 10 outer convergence half-angle are rationally set to control spray angle and the spray configuration of vaporized chemical, reach the object fully contacting with coal dust.
For further verifying effect of the present invention, the at home seat of honour 250,000 multikilowatt integrated gasification gas steam combined cycle generating set---on the double-section dry coal powder pressurized-gasification furnace that Tianjin, Huaneng Group IGCC adopts, carried out inner experiment.Designing 15%, two section of charging capacity that two sections of coal feeding amounts account for total coal feeding amount is 11.87t/h.When this coal feeding amount operating mode, the efficiency of carbon conversion of two sections is about 50%, and unreacted carbon after dry method dust unit is collected, enters coal pulverizer through flying dust recirculation line with flying dust, and raw coal reenters one section of reaction zone of vapourizing furnace after mixing and reacts.As moved vapourizing furnace according to method of design, gasification efficiency is higher, and efficiency of carbon conversion is higher, but dry method dust unit load is heavier, and system operation is more complicated.Therefore, while normally moving in factory, adopt another operation scheme, control two sections of efficiency of carbon conversion more than 80%, as benchmark, drop into two sections of coal dusts more as far as possible.According to actual operating data, at vapor pressure, be 3.0MPag, when temperature is 1500 ℃, for guaranteeing efficiency of carbon conversion, throw coal general control at 3～4t/h for two sections, lower than two sections of coal feeding amounts of design.If adopt this patent gasification nozzle, under guaranteeing that two sections of efficiency of carbon conversion are higher than 80% condition, two sections of input coal dust amounts can increase, and then improve integrated gasification efficiency, reduce the load of downstream units, and performance driving economy and reliability are all had to very large benefit.
Experimental result shows, under identical gasification condition and guarantee that two sections of efficiency of carbon conversion are more than 80%, the coal dust amount of two sections of inputs can increase by 2～3t/h, significantly better than the gasification result before transformation not.
Claims (10)
1. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio, comprise coaxial outside water cold sleeve (1) from outer to inner, inner side water cold sleeve (4), outer shroud shower nozzle (8) and interior ring spray head (10), between outside water cold sleeve (1) and inner side water cold sleeve (4), form water coolant and derive passage (2), between inner side water cold sleeve (4) and outer shroud shower nozzle (8), form water coolant introduction channel (7), between outer shroud shower nozzle (8) and interior ring spray head (10), form outer ring channel (9), ring passage (11) in forming in interior ring spray head (10), water coolant is derived passage (2) exit and is provided with front end water cooling chamber (5), it is characterized in that, the exit of described outer ring channel (9) is symmetrically arranged with some swirlers (12).
2. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described outer shroud shower nozzle (8) front end has interior convergence half-angle α, interior ring spray head (10) front end has outer convergence half-angle β, and interior convergence half-angle α is more than or equal to outer convergence half-angle β, swirler (12) is arranged between interior convergence position and outer convergence position.
3. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described interior convergence half-angle α span is 5 °～50 °, and outer convergence half-angle β span is 5 °～50 °.
4. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described interior convergence half-angle α span is 20 °～30 °, and outer convergence half-angle β span is 20 °～30 °.
5. according to the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described swirler (12) has two at least, described swirler (12) is axial screw slot type or axial blade formula, and its external diameter equates with outer ring channel (9) internal diameter.
6. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described swirler (12) is 8～12, and when swirler (12) is axial blade formula, its water conservancy diversion angle is 30 °～60 °.
7. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described interior ring passage (11) is d, between outer ring channel (9) exit end cross section and interior ring passage (11) exit end cross section, distance is a and a < 2d, and the size of d is determined by vapourizing furnace capacity.
8. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 7, is characterized in that, a < d.
9. the nozzle for increasing breeze airflow bed gasification furnace carbon turnover ratio according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described front end water cooling chamber (5) comprises that being communicated with water coolant derives the cooling exterior passage way of spray nozzle front end (3) of passage (2) and the cooling interior passageway of spray nozzle front end (6) of connection water coolant introduction channel (7).
10. a right to use requires the vapourizing furnace of nozzle described in 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410132061.3A CN103937554A (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2014-04-02 | Nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410132061.3A CN103937554A (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2014-04-02 | Nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier |
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| CN103937554A true CN103937554A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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| CN201410132061.3A Pending CN103937554A (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2014-04-02 | Nozzle for increasing carbon conversion rate of pulverized coal entrained-bed gasifier |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560210A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 清华大学 | Coal water slurry atomizing nozzle and gasification furnace with same |
| CN104676587A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Composite powder body fuel cyclone combustor |
| CN107083258A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasification burner device |
| CN107557079A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-09 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of gasifier nozzle and gasifier operation method for strengthening mixing |
| CN107629820A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-26 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of gasification furnace and gasification process suitable for pluralities of fuel co-gasification |
| CN109237514A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | A kind of dual circuit gaseous fuel burners for gas turbines |
| CN109539247A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-29 | 山西大学 | A kind of coal gasification low NO system for apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler |
| CN110079363A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-02 | 中国寰球工程有限公司 | Petroleum coke high-temperature gasification nozzle |
| CN113025386A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-25 | 杨建平 | Nozzle for mixed feeding of dry and wet materials, gasification furnace comprising nozzle and gasification method |
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| CN203807412U (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-09-03 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Nozzle for improving mixing and reaction of coal dust of gasifier |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US5947716A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-09-07 | Eastman Chemical Company | Breech lock heat shield face for burner nozzle |
| CN1775920A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2006-05-24 | 华东理工大学 | Multi-nozzle coal water mixture or fine coal gasifying furnace and its industrial application |
| CN1916493A (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2007-02-21 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Combustion nozzle of gasification stove of using pressed dry coal powder |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560210A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 清华大学 | Coal water slurry atomizing nozzle and gasification furnace with same |
| CN104676587A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Composite powder body fuel cyclone combustor |
| CN107083258A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasification burner device |
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| CN107629820B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2023-07-11 | 中国华能集团公司 | Gasification furnace and gasification method suitable for common gasification of multiple fuels |
| CN107557079A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-09 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of gasifier nozzle and gasifier operation method for strengthening mixing |
| CN107629820A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-26 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of gasification furnace and gasification process suitable for pluralities of fuel co-gasification |
| CN107557079B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2024-02-23 | 中国华能集团公司 | Gasifier burner capable of enhancing mixing and gasifier operation method |
| CN109237514A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | A kind of dual circuit gaseous fuel burners for gas turbines |
| CN109237514B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2024-02-23 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Double-pipeline gas fuel burner for gas turbine |
| CN109539247A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-29 | 山西大学 | A kind of coal gasification low NO system for apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler |
| CN109539247B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-02-14 | 山西大学 | Coal gasification low-nitrogen combustor system for thermal power boiler |
| CN110079363B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2024-02-20 | 中国寰球工程有限公司 | Petroleum coke high-temperature gasification nozzle |
| CN110079363A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-02 | 中国寰球工程有限公司 | Petroleum coke high-temperature gasification nozzle |
| CN113025386A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-25 | 杨建平 | Nozzle for mixed feeding of dry and wet materials, gasification furnace comprising nozzle and gasification method |
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Application publication date: 20140723 |