CN103933854A - Fluidized bed adsorption and desorption apparatus and method of organic exhaust gas - Google Patents
Fluidized bed adsorption and desorption apparatus and method of organic exhaust gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103933854A CN103933854A CN201410064782.5A CN201410064782A CN103933854A CN 103933854 A CN103933854 A CN 103933854A CN 201410064782 A CN201410064782 A CN 201410064782A CN 103933854 A CN103933854 A CN 103933854A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fluidized bed adsorption and desorption apparatus and a method of organic exhaust gas, and belongs to the field of environmental protection. Technical points of the method are that: a fluidized bed reactor is taken as an absorber, adsorbent particles are delivered into the fluidized bed reactor, and organic exhaust gas is subjected to pretreatment, then is delivered into the fluidized bed reactor for absorption, and is discharged from the fluidized bed adsorption and desorption apparatus after reaching purification standards; when adsorbent adsorption saturation is realized, inert gas or high temperature water vapour is taken as a desorption medium for in-suit desorption of the adsorbent in the fluidized bed reactor; and the adsorbent processed via desorption can be used for adsorption operation for a second time. According to the fluidized bed adsorption and desorption method, airflow is mixed with the adsorbent particles violently in the fluidized bed reactor, mass transfer efficiency and heat transfer efficiency are increased, uniform bed layer temperature distribution is realized, and local overheating or incomplete adsorption of stationary bed absorbers is avoided; and in addition, gas-solid contact area is relatively high, so that organic exhaust gas purification efficiency is increased, and production cost is reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of organic exhaust gas, belong to field of Environment Protection.
[background technology]
Volatile organic matter (volatile organic compounds, be called for short VOCs) refer to that saturated vapour pressure surpasses the organic compound that under 70.91Pa, normal pressure, boiling point is less than 260 ℃ at normal temperatures, its main component is hydro carbons, oxygen hydro carbons, containing halohydrocarbon, nitrogen hydrocarbon and sulphur hydro carbons etc.The harm of VOCs, at the aspect such as generate photochemical fog, damage the ozone layer, be detrimental to health, is mainly the important atmosphere pollution of a class.And in actual industrial production, because its purposes is more extensive, VOCs exists in a large number in industrial waste gas.
The method of administering at present industrial organic exhaust gas mainly contains condensation method, catalytic combustion, absorption-absorption method, bioanalysis and plasma method etc.Wherein absorption-absorption method has good treatment effect, and can, by the separated recovery of the organic matter of high added value, therefore get more and more people's extensive concerning after absorption.
Traditional absorption-recovery process is to adopt the porous materials such as active carbon as adsorbent, adsorbent is put into fixed bed to be formed adsorbent bed, by bed, organic matter is adsorbed organic exhaust gas, after utilize hot-air or high-temperature water vapor etc. as desorption medium by adsorbent bed, make high-enriched organics after absorption under high temperature action under desorption, then through modes such as condensation, separation, organic matter is recycled.Adopt fixed bed to carry out the adsorbing separation of organic exhaust gas, there is the advantages such as adsorbent mechanical wear is little, structure is relatively simple, but also have some shortcomings simultaneously, for example:
(1) adsorption process is an exothermic process, in when absorption, not good due to the concentrated release of heat and fixed-bed heat transfer effect, the part " overheated " of easily causing adsorption bed, and then cause the decline of adsorbance, even carbon class adsorbent is as the catching fire of active carbon;
(2) in fixed bed, absorbent particles is arranged closely, causes organic exhaust gas pressure drop excessive, thereby has limited the further lifting of waste gas flow velocity, lower to the VOCs treatment efficiency of Wind Volume;
(3) containing organic off-gas flows, with advection form, in adsorbent bed, advance, for piling up comparatively loose region in adsorbent bed, air-flow can, preferentially by forming " channel ", penetrate adsorbent bed too early, part adsorbent can not fully contact with waste gas, causes the reduction of adsorption efficiency.
Compare with fixed bed, fluidized-bed reactor has advantages of unique.It is that a class is applied reactor more widely in industry, and its principle is to utilize fluidization of solid technology to carry out gas-solid phase reaction.In fluid bed, particle moves as fluid, this fluidised peculair motion form, make particle in fluid bed with suspended state and fluid contact, stream solid phase contact area is larger, has improved reaction efficiency; And particle is fierce mixing in fluid bed, make the concentration uniformity of temperature and reactant in full bed, can effectively avoid the generation of the overheated and excessive concentration phenomenon of local temperature.
Patent 201210062479.2 discloses a kind of device with active carbon continuous adsorption and desorb organic exhaust gas, and this device adsorbs the while continuously to adsorbent desorb to volatile organic matter gas continuously with fluid bed, completes absorption and the regeneration cycle of active carbon.This technology has continuously, efficient advantage, yet in device, charcoal adsorption process is carried out in adsorption tower, and desorption process needs first active carbon to be transferred in desorber, and then carries out water vapour desorption, increased labour intensity, and continuity is poor.
Patent 201210232921.1 discloses a kind of integrated bag-type dusting and fluidization adsorbent equipment, and this device adopts filter bag by particle filtering in waste gas, then contains SO
2, NO
x, Hg etc. gaseous contaminant by the adsorbent in fluid bed, carry out adsorption operations.This apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, and anhydrous consumption, yet during adsorbent reactivation, still needs adsorbent to discharge fluid bed, and regeneration, has increased labour cost separately, has reduced production efficiency.
Patent 201210007245.8 discloses a kind of method of modified activated carbon and gas-solid fluidized bed photocatalytic method regenerated carbon.The method by by photocatalyst on active carbon, after by absorption the active carbon after saturated in gas-solid fluidized bed interior formation fluidized state, irradiation ultraviolet radiation, the adsorbate generation light-catalyzed reaction of activated carbon surface and degrading, and then complete the regeneration of active carbon.The method can reduce the loss of active carbon, has simplified regeneration equipment needed thereby, is a kind of eco-friendly active carbon regenerating technology.Yet, in practical operation, need to first the saturated active carbon of absorption be shifted and be entered in fluid bed, then carry out desorption manipulation, exist equally workload to increase, the problem that production efficiency is low.
[summary of the invention]
For the problems referred to above of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of new technology for VOCs treatment, be specifically related to a kind of fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of organic exhaust gas, comprise the following steps:
(1) absorption: organic exhaust gas enters absorber under blower fan guiding after dedusting, the pretreatment process such as cooling, and the absorbent particles in absorber starts fluidization and starts adsorption operations simultaneously;
(2) desorption: pass into desorption medium in absorber, absorbent particles fluidization the beginning desorption manipulation that is heated;
(3) reclaim: the organic matter after desorption by condensing unit after condensation reclaim, by collecting tank, collected.
It is characterized in that, described absorber is comprised of two groups of fluidized-bed reactors; Described absorbent particles is placed in fluid bed, and adsorption operations carries out in fluid bed; Described desorption process is that desorption medium is passed in fluid bed (at same reactor) and carried out.
Described organic exhaust gas needs through dedusting and cooling before absorption.
Described fluid bed is close phase, the aggregative fluidized bed that is applicable to gas-solid system.
Described adsorbent is the granular pattern adsorbents such as molecular sieve, macromolecule resin, ball charcoal, and particle diameter is 1-80 order.
Described desorption medium is He, CO
2, N
2deng inert gas and water vapour, temperature is 80-300 ℃; The mode of heating of described desorption medium is electrical heating or heat-conducting oil heating.
The present invention adopts fluidized-bed reactor as absorber, and adsorption and desorption process is all carried out in fluid bed.The granule adsorbents such as molecular sieve, macromolecule resin, ball charcoal are put into fluid bed, and organic exhaust gas enters in fluid bed through dedusting, cooling processing are laggard under fan action.The air distribution plate that regulates waste gas flow velocity and fluid bed bottom, makes adsorbent fluidised form, and now adsorption operations starts.
Adsorbent exists with suspended state in fluid bed, can fully contact with organic exhaust gas, and organic matter is enriched in adsorbent by suction-operated, residue clean gas qualified discharge.Fluid bed adopts close phase, aggregative fluidized bed, and at fluid bed top, installing aperture additional is 80-120 object metallic sieve, can effectively prevent the escape of absorbent particles.
Saturated when adsorbent absorption, when detector detects emission gases over emission limit, stop passing into organic exhaust gas, start desorption manipulation.Desorption medium, after heater heating, passes in fluid bed, regulates air distribution plate, absorbent particles fluidization the beginning desorption manipulation that is heated.When detector detects content of organics and drops to a certain degree, stop heating and make fluid bed cooling.Cooled fluid bed can carry out adsorption operations next time.Device has two groups of fluid beds, and during use, one is absorption, and one is desorption, and both hocket, to raise the efficiency.
The technique that the present invention adopts, compares with existing ADSORPTION IN A FIXED BED technique, has following beneficial effect:
1) fluid bed solid particle granularity used is less, and between vapor phase contaminants and solid-phase adsorbent, contact area is larger, has improved reaction efficiency;
2) air-flow acutely mixes with absorbent particles in bed, has improved mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, and bed temperature is evenly distributed, and has avoided local temperature overheated or react incomplete phenomenon;
3), because fluid bed has good heat transfer property, in desorption process, capacity usage ratio increases, time of therefore can effectively reducing desorption institute's energy requirement.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is fluid bed adsorption desorption device schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1-two-way valve; 2,19-blower fan; 3-deduster; 4-cooler; 5,6,7,10,11,12,14,18,21-triple valve; 8,9-fluid bed; 13,15-is at thread detector; 16-condenser; 17-collecting tank; 20-heater; 22-air distribution plate; 23-metallic sieve.
[specific embodiment]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe this technological process in detail.
The impurity of removing wherein by deduster 3 and cooler 4 under the effect of blower fan 2 containing VOCs organic exhaust gas, and EGT is reduced.Purification and cooled organic exhaust gas enter in fluid bed 8 by triple valve 7,5, by regulating air distribution plate 22, make absorbent particles fluidization in fluid bed, now start to carry out adsorption operations.The discharge after triple valve 10,14 regulates of outlet organic exhaust gas, its concentration is by detecting at thread detector 13.When exhaust gas concentration surpasses emission limit, stop adsorption operations, now fluid bed 8 enters desorption program.Regulating three-way valve 6,7,11,14, waste gas passes into fluid bed 9, and now fluid bed 9 starts to enter adsorption operations.
During desorption, desorption medium is (with N
2for example) by blower fan 19, be introduced in heater 20, the nitrogen after heating enters the saturated fluid bed 8 of absorption under the effect of triple valve 21,5.Regulate air distribution plate 22, absorbent particles fluidization is also heated, and the desorb under the effect of hot nitrogen of the organic matter of absorption enters condenser 16 by triple valve 10,12, and condensed organic matter is collected and reclaimed by collecting tank 17.Remaining clean nitrogen continues to pass into reuse in heater by triple valve 18.
When after on-line monitoring device 15 detects desorption, in gas, organic concentration is reduced to a threshold value, close heater 20, without the nitrogen heating, enter in fluid bed 8 and make bed cooling, after being reduced to a certain degree to temperature, the adsorbent bed of desorption can prepare to carry out adsorption operations next time again completely.
Device has two groups of fluid beds, and when one group of fluid bed carries out adsorption operations, another group is carried out desorption manipulation, and both hocket to raise the efficiency.
Claims (5)
1. the fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of an organic exhaust gas, comprise the following steps: (1) absorption: organic exhaust gas enters absorber under blower fan guiding after dedusting, the pretreatment process such as cooling, and the absorbent particles in absorber starts fluidization and starts adsorption operations simultaneously; (2) desorption: pass into desorption medium in absorber, absorbent particles fluidization the beginning desorption manipulation that is heated; (3) reclaim: the organic matter after desorption by condensing unit after condensation reclaim, by collecting tank, collected.It is characterized in that, described absorber is comprised of two groups of fluidized-bed reactors; Described absorbent particles is placed in fluid bed, and adsorption operations carries out in fluid bed; Described desorption process is that desorption medium is passed in fluid bed (at same reactor) and carried out.
2. the fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of a kind of organic exhaust gas according to claim 1, described organic exhaust gas needs through dedusting and cooling before absorption.
3. the fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of a kind of organic exhaust gas according to claim 1, described fluid bed is close phase, the aggregative fluidized bed that is applicable to gas-solid system.
4. the fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of a kind of organic exhaust gas according to claim 1, described adsorbent is the granule adsorbents such as molecular sieve, macromolecule resin, ball charcoal, particle diameter is 1-80 order.
5. the fluid bed adsorption desorption device and method of a kind of organic exhaust gas according to claim 1, described desorption medium is He, CO
2, N
2deng inert gas and water vapour, temperature is 80-300 ℃; The mode of heating of described desorption medium is electrical heating or heat-conducting oil heating.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104436980A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-25 | 天津大学 | Method and equipment for processing exhaust gases of volatile organic compounds |
| CN109331609A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-15 | 张家港绿色三星净化科技股份有限公司 | Molecular Adsorption separator |
| CN109513311A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | 上海环境保护有限公司 | A kind of waste gas processing method for realizing energy-efficient dynamic fluidized bed classification absorption |
| CN109675403A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-04-26 | 杨松 | A kind of improvement VOCs waste-gas adsorbant circular regeneration technique |
| CN110180324A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-30 | 广东澄宇实业有限公司 | A kind of air cleaning unit and purification method |
| CN110975515A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-04-10 | 张蕾 | Activated carbon adsorption purification system and method for power-on heating regeneration |
| WO2020093584A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | 无锡四方集团有限公司 | Process for adsorption treatment of organic waste gas and desorption regeneration of adsorbent |
| CN111249857A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-06-09 | 广东澄宇实业有限公司 | VOC exhaust-gas treatment purifier and have its baking finish room |
| CN111760419A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 广州鹏灏节能环保科技有限公司 | System and method for recycling organic waste gas by fluidized bed |
| WO2022011937A1 (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-20 | 广州金鹏环保工程有限公司 | Fluidized bed system capable of realizing zero emissions of waste gas |
| CN113952822A (en) * | 2021-09-04 | 2022-01-21 | 广州市帝东环保科技有限公司 | Fixed bed and fluidized bed recovery method for VOCS in viscose industry |
| CN114931841B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2024-04-16 | 北人伯乐氛(西安)环境技术有限公司 | Organic waste gas desorption treatment device and desorption method |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104436980B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-09-28 | 天津大学 | The method and apparatus processing volatile organic compound from waste gas |
| CN104436980A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-25 | 天津大学 | Method and equipment for processing exhaust gases of volatile organic compounds |
| WO2020093584A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | 无锡四方集团有限公司 | Process for adsorption treatment of organic waste gas and desorption regeneration of adsorbent |
| CN109331609A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-15 | 张家港绿色三星净化科技股份有限公司 | Molecular Adsorption separator |
| CN109513311A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | 上海环境保护有限公司 | A kind of waste gas processing method for realizing energy-efficient dynamic fluidized bed classification absorption |
| CN109675403A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-04-26 | 杨松 | A kind of improvement VOCs waste-gas adsorbant circular regeneration technique |
| CN110180324B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2023-11-24 | 广东澄宇实业有限公司 | Air purifying device and purifying method |
| CN110180324A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-08-30 | 广东澄宇实业有限公司 | A kind of air cleaning unit and purification method |
| CN111249857A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-06-09 | 广东澄宇实业有限公司 | VOC exhaust-gas treatment purifier and have its baking finish room |
| CN110975515A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-04-10 | 张蕾 | Activated carbon adsorption purification system and method for power-on heating regeneration |
| WO2022011937A1 (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-20 | 广州金鹏环保工程有限公司 | Fluidized bed system capable of realizing zero emissions of waste gas |
| CN111760419A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 广州鹏灏节能环保科技有限公司 | System and method for recycling organic waste gas by fluidized bed |
| CN113952822A (en) * | 2021-09-04 | 2022-01-21 | 广州市帝东环保科技有限公司 | Fixed bed and fluidized bed recovery method for VOCS in viscose industry |
| CN114931841B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2024-04-16 | 北人伯乐氛(西安)环境技术有限公司 | Organic waste gas desorption treatment device and desorption method |
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