CN103925074B - A kind of two medium heat by conduction motility machine and work method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of two medium heat by conduction motility machine and work method thereof, comprise heat absorber, medium heat conduction device, gasification installation, acting mechanism, cooling unit, transmission device and circulation means, heat absorber is by medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe connecting media heat-transfer device, medium heat conduction device is arranged on gasification installation, gasification installation connects acting mechanism, acting mechanism connects cooling unit and transmission device, cooling unit connects circulation means, circulation means connects gasification installation, transmission device association circulation means, often complete and once circulate, circulation means open and close once.The present invention has working medium circulation to use, pollution-free; Thermal energy conversion efficiency 65%-98%; Output power can be adjusted; This equipment carries out gasification acting to working medium, and whole process does not produce pinking; Machine construction is simple; Can substitute conventional energy resource consumption, high financial profit, energy-conserving and environment-protective, noise is little.

Description

A dual-medium conduction heat energy power machine and its working method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of thermal power machines, in particular to power machines that use solar energy, geothermal heat, high-temperature gas generated by combustible combustion, internal combustion engine heat or tail gas, and high-temperature gas discharged from factories to convert thermal energy into kinetic energy.

Background technique

Traditional power machines include steam engines, internal combustion engines, and external combustion engines.

Steam engine: Inseparable from the boiler, the whole device is bulky and bulky; the pressure and temperature of the fresh steam cannot be too high, the exhaust pressure cannot be too low, and the thermal efficiency is difficult to improve; it is a reciprocating machine, and the inertia limits the increase of the speed; The working process is discontinuous, and the flow of steam is limited, which limits the improvement of power.

Internal combustion engine: complex structure, high requirements on fuel, strict requirements on fuel cleanliness, and environmental pollution.

External combustion engines, such as heat engines, are one of them. Compared with internal combustion engines, heat engines have the following advantages:

Applicable to various energy sources, whether it is liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, when the heat transfer system (such as heat pipe) is used for indirect heating, almost any high-temperature heat source (solar radioactive isotope and nuclear reaction, etc.) can be used, and the engine itself ( Other than the heater) no changes are required. At the same time, the air heater does not need a compressor to pressurize, and the general fan can be used to meet the requirements, and the fuel is allowed to have a high impurity content; the air heater has a small unit capacity, and the unit capacity ranges from 20-50kw, and the system capacity can be increased or decreased according to local conditions; the structure is simple. , the number of parts is 40% less than that of internal combustion engines, and the price reduction space is large; the maintenance cost is low.

When the heat engine is running, because the fuel burns continuously in the combustion chamber outside the cylinder, the working medium independent of the gas absorbs heat through the heater and acts externally according to the Stirling cycle, thus avoiding the knocking work and intermittent combustion similar to the internal combustion engine process, resulting in high-efficiency, low-noise and low-emission operation. High efficiency: the total energy efficiency reaches over 80%; low noise: the bare metal noise is below 68dBA at a distance of 1 meter; low emission: the exhaust emission meets the Euro 5 standard.

Since the working fluid does not burn, the external combustion engine avoids the knocking work problem of the traditional internal combustion engine, thereby achieving high efficiency, low noise, low pollution and low operating cost. The external combustion engine can burn various combustible gases, such as: natural gas, biogas, petroleum gas, hydrogen, coal gas, etc., can also burn liquid fuels such as diesel oil and liquefied petroleum gas, can also burn wood, and utilize solar energy. As long as the thermal cavity reaches 700°C, the equipment can work and run. The lower the ambient temperature, the higher the power generation efficiency. The biggest advantage of the external combustion engine is that the output and efficiency are not affected by the altitude, which is very suitable for use in high altitude areas.

At the same time, the main problems and shortcomings of the hot air machine are: high manufacturing cost, difficult working fluid sealing technology, problems with the reliability and life of the seal, high material cost, complicated power adjustment and control system, and relatively heavy machine; The cost of expansion chamber, compression chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator, etc. is high, and the heat loss is 2-3 times that of internal combustion engine, etc.

The organic Rankine cycle system includes pumps, evaporators, expanders, generators, condensers, etc. The heat absorber absorbs solar radiation, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat absorber rises, and the heat exchange medium transfers heat to the organic working fluid through the evaporator. The organic working medium is heated at constant pressure in the evaporator, and the high-pressure gaseous organic working medium enters the expander to expand and do work, driving the generator to generate electricity; the organic working medium discharged from the tail of the expander enters the condenser for constant pressure condensation, and the organic working medium at the outlet of the condenser After being pressurized by the pump, the mass enters the evaporator to complete a power generation cycle.

The conversion efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle system is not high, the volume is large, and the expansion machine with a complex structure needs to be used to do work.

Contents of the invention

The invention overcomes the high cost of the expansion chamber, compression chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator, etc. in the Stirling engine, and the heat loss is 2-3 times that of the internal combustion engine; it overcomes the need for an organic Rankine cycle system. Expander or steam turbine, a technical problem with high manufacturing costs. The dual-medium conduction heat energy power machine proposed by the invention is a power device that combines the advantages of a heat engine and an organic Rankine cycle system with the existing single-cylinder or multi-cylinder engine structure. The gasification reactor is heated after absorbing the heat energy by the heat absorber, so that the high-temperature gasification of the working fluid expands and pushes the piston to generate kinetic energy to do work.

The invention provides a dual-medium conduction thermal energy power plant with high thermal energy conversion efficiency, recyclable working fluid, adjustable output power by adjusting the quantity of working fluid within the maximum power range, adjustable output power by adjusting temperature, and stable machine output power. machine.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a dual-medium conduction heat energy power machine, which is characterized in that it includes a heat absorber, a medium heat conduction device, a gasification device, a work mechanism, a cooling device, a transmission device and a circulation device, and the heat absorber passes through The medium heat-conducting heat preservation pipe is connected to the medium heat-conducting device, and the medium heat-conducting device is arranged on the gasification device. The gasification device is connected to the working mechanism, and the working mechanism is connected to the cooling device and the transmission device. The associated circulation device, every time a cycle is completed, the circulation device is opened and closed once; the heat conduction medium is provided in the medium heat conduction device, and the organic working medium is provided in the gasification device, the cooling device and the circulation device.

Further, the heat transfer medium in the medium heat conduction device is heat conduction oil; the organic working medium in the gasification device, cooling device and circulation device is Freon.

Further, the heat absorber can absorb heat energy such as solar energy, geothermal heat, high-temperature gas generated by combustion of combustibles, exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, high-temperature gas discharged from a factory, and the like.

Further, the medium heat conduction device includes a medium heat conduction insulation pipe connected to the gasification reactor and an insulation layer arranged on the outer layer of the cylinder.

Further, the gasification device includes a pressure shell, a gasification heat conduction sheet, an air hole, and an atomizer. The gasification heat conduction sheet is arranged on the pressure shell, and the gasification heat conduction sheet is provided with an array of air holes, and the air inlet end of the pressure shell is provided with an atomizer. device.

Further, the working mechanism includes a cylinder and a piston inside, a piston ring on the piston, a connecting rod connected to the piston, a crankshaft connected to the connecting rod, and a bearing inside the crankshaft.

Further, the cooling device includes an exhaust valve arranged on the cylinder, a chiller connected to the exhaust valve through a pipeline, a liquid storage tank connected to the chiller through a pipeline, and the exhaust valve is associated with the transmission shaft. The cycle exhaust valve opens and closes once.

Further, the transmission device includes a bearing arranged on the casing, a bearing arranged in the crankshaft, and a transmission shaft fixed on the bearing.

Further, the circulation device includes a pressure valve connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, and an atomizer connected to the pressure valve through a pipeline.

The heat absorber absorbs heat energy such as solar energy, geothermal heat, high-temperature gas produced by combustible combustion, internal combustion engine exhaust, high-temperature gas discharged from factories, etc., and transfers heat to the medium heat-conducting device directly or through the medium heat-conducting heat-preservation pipe. The heat conduction medium; the medium heat conduction device is distributed on the gasification device; the working mechanism is composed of a cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, etc.; the gasification device is set at the top dead center of the cylinder, and the top dead center of the cylinder is equipped with an exhaust valve , the exhaust valve is associated with the transmission shaft. When the piston reaches the bottom dead center of the cylinder, the transmission shaft rotates one revolution to push the exhaust valve to open and close once. The gasified organic working medium is discharged through the exhaust valve, and the discharged gaseous organic working medium is connected through a pipeline. Cooling device, the cooling device liquefies the gasified organic working medium; the circulation device is composed of pipelines, liquid storage tanks and pressure valves, so that the organic working medium can be converted into a liquid organic working medium between the gasification device, the working mechanism, the cooling device and the circulation device Mass and gaseous organic working medium circulate, the transmission device includes a transmission shaft and bearings, and the work mechanism is connected to the transmission device to output kinetic energy.

The method of doing work of the above-mentioned dual-medium conduction heat energy power machine is as follows:

1) Heating step refers to the process in which the heat absorber absorbs the external heat source to heat the liquid medium to the required temperature;

2) The medium conduction step refers to using the medium heat-conducting insulation tube to transfer the heat energy of the heat transfer medium to the gasification reactor, and heating the gasification reactor to the vaporization temperature at which pressure can be generated after the atomized liquid medium is vaporized;

3) Liquid injection step refers to the process of pressurizing the liquid medium into the atomizer through the pressure valve to uniformly inject the liquid medium into the gasification reactor;

4) Gasification step refers to the process of instantaneous gasification of the atomized liquid medium in the gasification reactor when heated;

5) The working step refers to the process in which the liquid working medium expands and pushes the piston from the top dead center to the bottom dead center after being heated and vaporized;

6) The exhaust step refers to the process of opening the exhaust valve when the piston reaches the bottom dead center, the gas working medium is discharged through the exhaust valve, and the piston is pushed to the top dead center by the inertia of the flywheel and the exhaust valve is closed;

7) The cooling step refers to the process of liquefying the high-temperature gas discharged from the exhaust valve through the refrigerator;

8) Cycle through the above steps 1 to 7, and output the kinetic energy through the transmission shaft.

The advantages of the present invention are: 1. The working medium is recycled and pollution-free; 2. The heat energy conversion efficiency is 65%-98%; 3. The output power can be adjusted according to the required power of the machine cylinder capacity and quantity during production; 4. In the final stage The liquid injection can be adjusted to adjust the output power within the power range; 5. The equipment is used to gasify the working fluid, and the whole process does not produce knocking; 6. The machine structure is simple; 7. The biggest difference between this equipment and the existing internal combustion engine is that heat energy is continuously burned in the combustion chamber outside the cylinder or solar heat, etc., and is transmitted to the working medium through the heat conduction sheet, and the working medium does not directly participate in combustion and is not replaced. The fuel of the internal combustion engine is intermittently burned in the combustion chamber, and the working medium is the fuel, which is replaced every working cycle (that is, the liquid working medium of the present invention is heated to convert the gas working medium, and the gas working medium is liquefied and converted into a liquid working medium), which can replace conventional Energy consumption, high economic benefits, energy saving and environmental protection, low noise.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working cycle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a gasification device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1 is a heat absorber; 2 is a gasification heat conducting sheet; 3 is an insulation layer; 4 is a cylinder head; 5 is a pressure valve; 6 is an atomizer; 7 is an exhaust valve; 8 is a gasification reactor; 9 is a cylinder; 10 is a piston; 11 is a piston ring; 12 is a connecting pin; 13 is a connecting rod; 14 is a crankshaft; 15 is a bearing; 16 is a casing; 17 is a cooler; 18 is a transmission shaft; Liquid tank; 20 is a medium heat conduction insulation pipe; 21 is a heat transfer medium; 22 is an air hole; 23 is a pressure shell; 101 is a heat absorber; 102 is a medium heat conduction device; 106 is a cooling device; 107 is a circulation device; 201 is a heating step; 202 is a medium conduction step; 203 is a liquid injection step; 204 is a gasification step; 205 is a working step; 206 is an exhaust step; step.

Detailed ways

With reference to accompanying drawing 1-3, embodiment of the present invention is:

A dual-medium conduction heat energy power machine, consisting of a heat absorber 1, a gasification heat conduction sheet 2, an insulation layer 3, a cylinder head 4, a pressure valve 5, an atomizer 6, an exhaust valve 7, a gasification reactor 8, and a cylinder 9. Piston 10, piston ring 11, connecting pin 12, connecting rod 13, crankshaft 14, bearing 15, casing 16, cooler 17, transmission shaft 18, liquid storage tank 19, medium heat conducting insulation pipe 20 and heat energy conducting medium 21, the cylinder 9 is provided with a piston 10, the piston 10 is provided with a piston ring 11, the piston 10 is connected to the connecting rod 13 through the connecting pin 12, the connecting rod 13 is connected to the crankshaft 14, the crankshaft 14 is provided with a bearing 15, and the bearing 15 is fixed on the transmission shaft 18, the transmission shaft 18 is fixed on the casing 16 through bearings, and one end of the transmission shaft 18 is provided with a pressure valve 5; Liquid storage tank 19, the medium heat conduction insulation pipe 20 connected to liquid storage tank 19 extends to the bottom of liquid storage tank 19; the cylinder wall of cylinder 9 is vacuum, and the outer layer of cylinder 9 is provided with insulation layer 3; The reactor 8 is fixed by the cylinder head 4; the gasification reactor 8 is connected to the heat absorber 1 through the medium heat-conducting insulation pipe 20, and the side wall of the top dead center of the cylinder 9 is provided with an exhaust valve 7, and the exhaust valve 7 is connected to the refrigerator through a pipeline One end of the cooler 17, the other end of the cooler 17 is connected to the liquid storage tank 19 through a pipeline; one end of the medium heat conduction insulation pipe 20 is connected to one end of the gasification heat conducting sheet 2, and the other end is connected to the other end of the gasification heat conducting sheet 2; the gasification reactor 8 includes a pressure Shell 23, gasification heat conduction sheet 2 and air hole 22; vaporization heat conduction sheet 2 is arranged on pressure shell 23, gasification heat conduction sheet 2 is provided with an array of air holes 22, pressure shell 23 inlet end is provided with atomizer 6, mist The carburetor 6 is arranged on the top layer of the gasification reactor 8; the heat transfer medium 21 is arranged in the medium heat conduction insulation pipe 20 .

Claims (9)

1. a two medium heat by conduction motility machine, it is characterized in that: comprise heat absorber, medium heat conduction device, gasification installation, acting mechanism, cooling unit, transmission device and circulation means, heat absorber is by medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe connecting media heat-transfer device, medium heat conduction device is arranged on gasification installation, gasification installation connects acting mechanism, acting mechanism connects cooling unit and transmission device, cooling unit connects circulation means, circulation means connects gasification installation, transmission device association circulation means, often complete and once circulate, circulation means open and close once; Be provided with thermal energy conduction medium in medium heat conduction device, in gasification installation, cooling unit and circulation means, be provided with organic working medium; Described gasification installation comprises pressure vessel, gasification heat-conducting plate, pore, atomizer, and gasification heat-conducting plate is arranged on pressure vessel, and on gasification heat-conducting plate, array is provided with pore, and pressure vessel inlet end is provided with atomizer; Described circulation means comprises by pipeline and the tank connected pressure valve of liquid storage, the atomizer be connected with pressure valve by pipeline.

2. thermal power machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat energy of the high-temperature gas that the high-temperature gas that described heat absorber can absorb solar energy, underground heat, combustible combustion produce, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, factory discharge; Thermal energy conduction medium in described medium heat conduction device is conduction oil; Organic working medium in gasification installation, cooling unit and circulation means is freon.

3. two medium heat by conduction motility machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described medium heat conduction device comprises the medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe that connects gasification reactor and is arranged on the outer field thermal insulation layer of cylinder.

4. two medium heat by conduction motility machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described gasification installation comprises gasification heat-conducting plate and is distributed in the pore on gasification heat-conducting plate.

5. two medium heat by conduction motility machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described acting mechanism comprises cylinder and is located at inner piston, is arranged on the plug ring on piston, the connecting rod be connected with piston, the bent axle be connected with connecting rod, is located at the bearing in bent axle.

6. two medium heat by conduction motility machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cooling unit comprises the outlet valve be arranged on cylinder, the cold doubtful device be connected with outlet valve by pipeline, by the liquid container that pipeline is connected with cold doubtful device, outlet valve association rotatingshaft, often completes the open and close of a circulating exhaust valve once.

7. two medium heat by conduction motility machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described transmission device comprises the bearing that casing is arranged, is located at the bearing in bent axle, be fixed on the rotatingshaft on bearing.

8. as claim 1-7 two medium heat by conduction motility machine as described in one of them, by heat absorber (1), gasification heat-conducting plate (2), thermal insulation layer (3), cylinder cap (4), pressure valve (5), atomizer (6), outlet valve (7), gasification reactor (8), cylinder (9), piston (10), plug ring (11), connecting pin (12), connecting rod (13), bent axle (14), bearing (15), casing (16), cold doubtful device (17), rotatingshaft (18), liquid container (19) medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe (20) and thermal energy conduction medium (21) composition, piston (10) is provided with in cylinder (9), piston (10) is provided with plug ring (11), piston (10) connects connecting rod (13) by connecting pin (12), connecting rod (13) connects bent axle (14), bent axle (14) is provided with bearing (15), bearing (15) is fixed on rotatingshaft (18), rotatingshaft (18) is fixed on casing (16) by bearing, rotatingshaft (18) one end is provided with pressure valve (5), pressure valve (5) one end connects atomizer (6) by pipeline (20), and the other end connects liquid container (19) by pipeline (20), and the pipeline (20) connecting liquid container (19) extends to liquid container (19) bottom, the casing wall vacuum of cylinder (9), cylinder (9) skin is provided with thermal insulation layer (3), cylinder (9) top dead center is provided with gasification reactor (8), is fixed by cylinder cap (4), gasification reactor (8) connects heat absorber (1) by medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe (20), cylinder (9) top dead center sidewall is provided with outlet valve (7), outlet valve (7) connects cold doubtful device (17) one end by pipeline, and cold doubtful device (17) the other end connects liquid container (19) by pipeline, medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe (20) one end connects gasification heat-conducting plate (2) one end, and the other end connects gasification heat-conducting plate (2) the other end, gasification reactor (8) comprises pressure vessel (23), gasification heat-conducting plate (2) and pore (22), gasification heat-conducting plate (2) is arranged on pressure vessel (23), and the upper array of gasification heat-conducting plate (2) is provided with pore (22), and pressure vessel (23) inlet end is provided with atomizer (6), and atomizer (6) is arranged on gasification reactor (8) top layer, thermal energy conduction medium (21) is provided with in medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe (20).

9. the method for thermal power machine acting is as follows as claimed in claim 8: 1) heating steps refers to that heat sink external heat source is heated to temperature required process liquid medium; 2) medium conduction step refers to and utilizes medium heat conduction thermal insulation pipe the thermal energy transfer of thermal energy conduction medium to gasification reactor, can produce the gasification temperature of pressure after gasification reactor is heated to atomising liquid media gasification; 3) fluid injection step refers to, by pressure valve, liquid medium is pressurized to the process that liquid medium evenly to be injected gasification reactor by atomizer; 4) gasification step refers to that the atomization liquid medium of gasification reactor is heated the process of transient evaporation; 5) step of doing work refers to that liquid working substance is subject to thermal evaporation rear expansion to promote piston arrives lower dead center process from top dead center; 6) open outlet valve when steps of exhausting refers to piston arrives lower dead center, gas working medium is discharged by outlet valve, by flywheel inertia piston is shifted onto top dead center and closes the process of outlet valve; 7) cooling step refers to the process that the high-temperature gas of discharging from outlet valve is liquefied by cold doubtful device; 8) by above 1 to 7 step cycle work, by rotatingshaft, kinetic energy is exported.