CN103902669A - Separating type file system based on different storage media - Google Patents
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- CN103902669A CN103902669A CN201410097343.4A CN201410097343A CN103902669A CN 103902669 A CN103902669 A CN 103902669A CN 201410097343 A CN201410097343 A CN 201410097343A CN 103902669 A CN103902669 A CN 103902669A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a separating type file system based on different storage media comprising a non-volatile small-granularity read-written medium and a non-volatile large-granularity read-written medium. The non-volatile small-granularity read-written medium is connected with an internal storage bus, and the non-volatile large-granularity read-written medium is connected with an I/O bus. The non-volatile small-granularity read-written medium is used for storing metadata of a file system, and the non-volatile large-granularity read-written medium is used for storing data of the file system. On the non-volatile small-granularity read-written medium, the file system reads and writes the metadata through small granularities, and on the non-volatile large-granularity read-written medium, the file system reads and writes data through large granularities. The metadata of the file system are placed on the non-volatile small-granularity read-written medium, and due to the fact that the non-volatile small-granularity read-written medium is connected with the internal storage bus, the metadata operation is accelerated, and the problem of consistency and persistency of the file system can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer memory system technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of separate type file system based on different storage mediums.
Background technology
Conventionally the capacity of storage medium is directly proportional to its access time delay, and the access time delay that capacity is larger is longer.Therefore multi-level memory hierarchy is usually provided in Computer Architecture.At present, be generally to adopt magnetic storage technology to realize jumbo storage, that the most frequently used is hard disk (Hard Disk Drive, HDD), and its read-write postpones for a long time, and read-write granularity is large.File system during as the HDD of peripheral hardware, can consume a lot of time in access, reduces overall performance.In addition, for keeping consistance and the persistence of file system, file system can be utilized some mechanism, such as daily record, copy-on-write etc., the performance of entire system is brought to adverse effect.
In order to improve the performance of computing machine entirety, do a lot of research.The appearance of solid-state disk has more been to provide an opportunity.A series of mixing storage scheme is suggested.Wherein the scheme of main flow has two kinds: as shown in Fig. 1 (a), a kind of scheme adopts reads and writes the buffer memory of fast medium as the slow medium of read-write, such as adopting solid-state disk as buffer memory, be the buffer memory of solid-state disk as disk, by often access data buffer storage in solid-state disk, for improving the hit rate of solid-state disk in this storage scheme, in succession there is the strategy of series of optimum buffer memory; As shown in Fig. 1 (b), another kind of scheme adopts reads and writes the fast medium medium slow with read-write as mixing storage, take solid-state disk and hard disk as example, what data were unique is stored in solid-state disk or hard disk, and data exist the selection algorithm in solid-state disk or hard disk to lay particular stress on a difference according to performance also to be had multiple.In all schemes owing to having introduced solid-state disk, in the speed of file reading data, improve to some extent, but it is not high for the access performance optimization of writing and frequently revise, particularly upgrade for irregular small documents, in order to guarantee that the consistance of file system and persistence will spend a large amount of time and upgrade and write back metadata, also because the factor of device itself has a large amount of additionally writing.
Summary of the invention
For the above defect of prior art, the invention provides a kind of new mixing storage scheme and the separate type file system based on this mixing storage, its object is to be reduced to the performance consumption that keeps file system consistency and persistence and bring, raising query metadata and the more speed of new metadata, solve additionally and write thus, the technical matters of hydraulic performance decline.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of separate type file system based on different storage mediums, described different storage medium comprises the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write and the medium that non-volatile coarsegrain is read and write, wherein, the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is connected with rambus, and the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is connected with I/O bus; The medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is for the metadata of memory file system, and the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is for the data of memory file system; On the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write, file system is used the read-write of small grain size to the operation of metadata, and on the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write, file system is used the read-write of coarsegrain to the operation of data.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described file system periodically will be stored in copies of metadata on the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write to the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write.
As present invention further optimization, if file system can using the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write with internal memory as mixing storage, be that the medium of the non-volatile small grain size read-write of system identification is as internal memory, directly runs file system on the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write of file system, directly creates, upgrades and delete metadata.
As present invention further optimization, if file system can not be mixed the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write with internal memory, be system can not identify the read-write of non-volatile small grain size medium as internal memory, the metadata in the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write need to be called in internal memory and be operated, and between the medium that metadata is read and write in non-volatile small grain size through rambus and internal memory, calls in and writes back.
As present invention further optimization, the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is magnetic random access memory, resistive random access storage device or phase transition storage.
As present invention further optimization, the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is solid-state disk or hard disk.
Particularly, the metadata of described file system refers to metadata and the directory tree structure of file in the management data structure in space and file system, or is only the data structure of management allocation of space.
In general, the above technical scheme of conceiving by the present invention compared with prior art, owing to the metadata of file system being placed on the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write, and the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is connected with rambus, accelerate the speed of metadata operation, can effectively improve file system consistency and persistent problem; Due to metadata can small grain size renewal, solved the problem of additionally writing in current storage system, improved the efficiency of whole system; And because file system periodically backups to the metadata of file system on the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write, in the time that metadata frequent operation causes system to be made mistakes, data can not be lost, and can shift like a cork, have high reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 typically mixes storage architecture at present;
Fig. 2 is a kind of typical mixed architecture based on different storage mediums;
Fig. 3 is a kind of typical file system physical layout;
Fig. 4 is the processing to file system metadata in a kind of typical architecture.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition,, in each embodiment of described the present invention, involved technical characterictic just can combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
First, some nouns and term in the present invention are made an explanation:
Coarsegrain and small grain size: coarsegrain is generally the size of page or piece, the medium of the non-volatile coarsegrain read-write of main flow is solid-state disk and hard disk at present; Small grain size is generally by byte read-write, and the medium that many non-volatile small grain size read-writes are discussed is at present phase transition storage, magnetic random access memory and resistive random access storage device;
File system metadata: according to different demands, the scope of file system metadata is changeable, can refer to metadata and the directory tree structure of file in the management data structure in space and file system, also can only have the data structure of management allocation of space, take EXT2 as example, the metadata of file system can refer to superblock, data block bitmap, inode bitmap, inode table, the data block of catalogue, if the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write is very little with the dielectric capacity ratio that non-volatile coarsegrain is read and write, or the capacity of the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write is very little, or system can not compatible enough capacity the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write, the metadata scope of file system can dwindle, can refer to superblock, piece group descriptor, inode bitmap, data block bitmap, inode table,
The data of file system: refer to the part except file system metadata, scope is changeable according to the scope of file system metadata, equally take EXT2 as example, if the dielectric capacity of non-volatile small grain size read-write is enough, the data of file system can only include the content of file, if not the dielectric capacity deficiency of volatile small grain size read-write, the data of file system can comprise data block, i.e. the content of catalogue or file.
The invention provides a kind of separate type file system based on different storage mediums, described different storage mediums comprise the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write and the medium that non-volatile coarsegrain is read and write, wherein:
The medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write is connected with rambus;
The medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is connected with I/O bus.
Wherein, the medium read-write of non-volatile small grain size read-write postpones little, as magnetic random access memory (Magnetic Random Access Memory, MRAM), resistive random access storage device (ResistiveRandomAccessMemory, RRAM), phase transition storage (Phase Change Memory, PCM) etc.; The medium read-write of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write postpones large, as solid-state disk, hard disk etc.
In described file system:
The metadata of file system is placed on the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write;
The data of file system are placed on the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write;
On the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write, file system is used the read-write of small grain size to the operation of metadata, and on the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write, file system is used the read-write of coarsegrain to the operation of data.
Wherein, if system can be identified the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write as a part for internal memory, file system adopts local operation to the metadata being positioned on non-volatile small grain size read-write medium.
If system can not be identified the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write as a part for internal memory, the metadata being positioned on non-volatile small grain size read-write medium is called in internal memory by file system.
The read operation of metadata is divided into two kinds, and one is that coarsegrain is read, for example file system initialization, and when the buffer memory of alternate file system, adopt reading of coarsegrain, reading of coarsegrain is general identical with the unit of memory management, such as page; It two is the reading of small grain size, and for example, when file system reads inode in search procedure, adopts reading of small grain size, and small grain size reads to be generally byte level.To the write operation of metadata, adopt write through method, and be writing of small grain size, the unit that the unit that small grain size is write is read with small grain size is identical.
In described file system, be stored in metadata on the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write can periodic backups to the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write.
The medium of establishing non-volatile small grain size read-write is below magnetic random access memory (Magnetic Random Access Memory, MRAM), the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is solid-state disk (Solid State Disk, SSD), take EXT2 as source, be provided with two piece groups, the metadata of file system refers to the content of superblock, data block bitmap, inode bitmap, inode table and catalogue, and the data of file system refer to the content of file.The structure of mixing storage is shown in Fig. 2, and wherein, MRAM is the medium that non-volatile small grain size is read and write, and is connected with rambus, and SSD is the medium that non-volatile coarsegrain is read and write, and is connected with I/O bus.The layout of file system is shown in Fig. 3, MRAM is as the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write, the metadata of storing documents system, comprise the metadata of piece group 0 and piece group 1, the metadata of each group comprises the data block of superblock, group descriptor, data block bitmap, inode bitmap, inode table, storing directory content; SSD, as the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write, deposits the data of piece group 0 and piece group 1, and data are the content that leaves file in piece group in.
Supposing the system can be identified MRAM, and the part using MRAM as internal memory is specifically described the present invention below in conjunction with above-mentioned example.
In described example, new mixing storage organization comprises:
MRAM is connected with rambus;
SSD is connected with I/O bus.
MRAM as mixing storage, and sets up new file system thereon with SSD.
In new file system:
The metadata of file system is placed on MRAM;
The data of file system are placed on SSD;
As shown in Figure 4, file system is directly moved the operation of metadata on MRAM;
Establishment, renewal to metadata, the operation such as delete, search, directly local operation, without transfer medium;
In the operations such as establishment to metadata, renewal, deletion, the granularity of writing is identical with the granularity of renewal DRAM.
It is upper that file system can periodically copy the data on MRAM to SSD, when MRAM damages, or when data are shifted, can directly SSD be transferred on another machine.
Above-mentioned scheme, can solve or improve file system consistency and persistent problem effectively, reduces the amount of additionally writing, and has improved the efficiency of whole system, and has had high reliability.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the separate type file system based on different storage mediums, it is characterized in that, described different storage medium comprises the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write and the medium that non-volatile coarsegrain is read and write, wherein, the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is connected with rambus, and the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is connected with I/O bus; The medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is for the metadata of memory file system, and the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is for the data of memory file system; On the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write, file system is used the read-write of small grain size to the operation of metadata, and on the medium of non-volatile coarsegrain read-write, file system is used the read-write of coarsegrain to the operation of data.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described file system periodically will be stored in copies of metadata on the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write to the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write.
3. system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, if file system can using the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write with internal memory as mixing storage, be that the medium of the non-volatile small grain size read-write of system identification is as internal memory, directly runs file system on the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write of file system, directly creates, upgrades and delete metadata.
4. system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, if file system can not be mixed the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write with internal memory, be system can not identify the read-write of non-volatile small grain size medium as internal memory, the metadata in the medium of non-volatile small grain size read-write need to be called in internal memory and be operated, and between the medium that metadata is read and write in non-volatile small grain size through rambus and internal memory, calls in and writes back.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the medium of described non-volatile small grain size read-write is magnetic random access memory, resistive random access storage device or phase transition storage.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the medium of described non-volatile coarsegrain read-write is solid-state disk or hard disk.
7. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the metadata of described file system refers to metadata and the directory tree structure of file in the management data structure in space and file system, or is only the data structure of management allocation of space.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104536903A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-22 | 华中科技大学 | Mixed storage method and system for conducting classified storage according to data attributes |
| CN105630692A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-06-01 | 上海磁宇信息科技有限公司 | File storage system storing file directory by using MRAM |
| CN105718530A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-29 | 上海磁宇信息科技有限公司 | File storage system and file storage control method thereof |
| CN106599236A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-04-26 | 北海市云盛科技有限公司 | Metadata storage method and apparatus for file system |
| CN107479827A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-12-15 | 上海德拓信息技术股份有限公司 | A kind of mixing storage system implementation method based on IO and separated from meta-data |
| CN107526537A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-29 | 伊姆西公司 | For locking the method and system of the storage region in storage system |
| CN107590285A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-16 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method of heterogeneous system data consistency |
| CN107766002A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-06 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of virtual mixed file system based on mixing storage device |
| CN108196795A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-22 | 惠龙易通国际物流股份有限公司 | A kind of date storage method, equipment and computer storage media |
| WO2020134183A1 (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-07-02 | Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. | Systems and methods for data storage |
| CN116069263A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-05 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | File system optimization method, device, server, equipment and storage medium |
| CN117453632A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-01-26 | 杭州计算机外部设备研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第五十二研究所) | Data storage method and device |
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| CN104536903B (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2018-02-23 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of mixing storage method and system stored classifiedly by data attribute |
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| CN107479827A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-12-15 | 上海德拓信息技术股份有限公司 | A kind of mixing storage system implementation method based on IO and separated from meta-data |
| CN107590285A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-16 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method of heterogeneous system data consistency |
| CN107766002A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-06 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of virtual mixed file system based on mixing storage device |
| CN108196795A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-22 | 惠龙易通国际物流股份有限公司 | A kind of date storage method, equipment and computer storage media |
| CN108196795B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2020-09-04 | 惠龙易通国际物流股份有限公司 | Data storage method and device and computer storage medium |
| WO2020134183A1 (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-07-02 | Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. | Systems and methods for data storage |
| US11977516B2 (en) | 2018-12-24 | 2024-05-07 | Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. | Systems and methods for data storage |
| CN116069263A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-05 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | File system optimization method, device, server, equipment and storage medium |
| CN117453632A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-01-26 | 杭州计算机外部设备研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第五十二研究所) | Data storage method and device |
| CN117453632B (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-04-12 | 杭州计算机外部设备研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第五十二研究所) | Data storage method and device |
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