CN103899838B - A kind of method and apparatus utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103899838B CN103899838B CN201210583969.7A CN201210583969A CN103899838B CN 103899838 B CN103899838 B CN 103899838B CN 201210583969 A CN201210583969 A CN 201210583969A CN 103899838 B CN103899838 B CN 103899838B
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- pipeline
- floating pontoon
- thaw collapse
- arrangement
- prevent
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
- F16L1/026—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground in or on a frozen surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L3/00—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
- F16L3/14—Hangers in the form of bands or chains
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method and apparatus utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse.Relate to pipe-line system technical field.It is characterized in that adopting floating pontoon arrangement, to pipeline one lifting force upwards, thus hold up pipeline, prevent thaw collapse; When Permafrost Area ground freezing, floating pontoon arrangement and frozen soil freeze together, same to pipeline one pulling force upwards; Two shift rods (2) are respectively buried in the both sides of buried pipeline (1), the spacing floating pontoon arrangement be made up of light-weight water-proof packing material (3) and shell (4) in upper end of 4 shift rods (2), the elevator belt (6) of buried pipeline (1) fixedly walked around by the downside screw (5) of floating pontoon arrangement; Measure is implemented the strong point of point as pipeline, utilize the strong point to the supporting effect of pipeline to ensure that pipeline does not exceed the sedimentation of expection.Movement-less part of the present invention, non-maintaining, there is good reliability, do not consume electric energy be applicable to permafrost region buried pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of method and apparatus utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse.Relate to pipe-line system technical field.
Background technique
Along with China's rapid economic development, the demand of petroleum resources is also increased day by day.As a kind of economy, long distance oil-gas means of delivery safely, uninterruptedly, oil and gas pipes achieves huge development in nearly decades.But because a lot of petroleum resources is contained in permafrost Han Qu, in order to meet the demand of economic development to petroleum resources, increasing pipe-line will inevitably be built in Permafrost Area.The domestic and international crude oil pipeline built at permafrost region at present, the representative alaskan pipeline having the U.S., the unconcerned large pipeline of Canadian promise Man Weiersi pipeline and China.Permafrost Area oil and gas pipes mainly adopts buried or built on stilts mode to lay.But consider based on safety, economic dispatch factor, buried is more general system of laying, if promise Man Weiersi pipeline and unconcerned large pipeline are all that this kind of mode is laid.But when adopting buried mode to carry out pipe laying, unavoidably surface configuration be will change, vegetation destruction, decline and the thawing of the change of ground Upper Limit of Permafrost and permafrost caused.In addition, in pipeline operation process, when managing the projecting frozen soils temperature of defeated temperature, will constantly melt frozen soil around, form thawing cylinder, and then cause the uneven thaw collapse of body, destroy pipeline stability, threat tube security of operation.At present, thaw collapse risk is a global engineering roadblock for the safe operation of pipeline, there is no effective method and measure to prevent and treat the generation of body thaw collapse problem.
The thaw collapse risk of pipeline and the thaw collapse of frozen soil foundation closely related, when Pipeline Ground be positioned at weak thaw collapse or not the gravel of thaw collapse, coarse sands layer and sial time, base stabilization, there is very little risk for the thaw collapse of body.And when Pipeline Ground is layed in strong thaw collapse region (ice-rich permafrost, water ice frozen soil and containing native ice sheet), frozen soil easily causes pipe sedimentation after melting, and needs consideration to take corresponding control measures.Especially for when Pipeline Ground be thaw collapse coefficient be greater than 25 containing native ice sheet time, in liquid-plastic state after frozen soil melts, lose the mechanical bearing capacity to pipeline completely, thus cause pipeline to occur a large amount of sedimentation at short notice, very easily cause pipeline due to thaw collapse amount excessive and break, be the most dangerous geological state.The thaw collapse problem of pipeline, mainly comes from two aspects, and one is externally dispel the heat continually in conduit running process, causes occurring thawing cylinder around, melts the deflection that expection appears exceeding in soil and causes body sedimentation.Two is that after frozen soil melts, mechanical bearing capacity sharply reduces, and even loses bearing capacity, cannot realize the effective support to pipeline.The thaw collapse problem of pipeline is because pipeline externally dispels the heat continually essentially, causes around caused by strong thaw collapse frozen soil thawing.Therefore, pipeline is conducted the heat and take suitable measure again to export in air, the freezing plateau state maintaining Pipeline Ground is only and ensures the basic of pipeline stabilization.In order to prevent or slow down the thermal effect of buried pipeline in permafrost regions, cooling machine set was once adopted to carry out mechanical refrigeration to pipeline abroad, to reduce the impact of pipeline heat on around frozen soil.Its deficiency is not only will consume a lot of electric energy, do not utilize environmental protection and energy saving, and operation and maintenance cost is also quite high, unreasonable economically.In addition, this measure cannot use in the region not having stable power to originate.CN102563359A discloses a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes vertical displacement automatic monitoring method and device, is to calculate pipeline elevation change by measuring fluid pressure.It can only be measured, and can not prevent and treat the thaw collapse of pipeline.Therefore, be necessary to develop a kind of method and apparatus being specifically applied to the control of buried pipeline in permafrost regions thaw collapse, and have without the need to consuming the advantages such as electric energy, non-maintaining, environmental protection and energy saving, thoroughly solve permafrost region buried pipeline in running due to around frozen soil melt the thaw collapse problem caused.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to invent a kind of movement-less part, non-maintaining, there is good reliability, do not consume the floating pontoon arrangement that utilizes being applicable to permafrost region buried pipeline of electric energy and prevent and treat the method and apparatus of Permafrost Area body thaw collapse.
The present invention is heated according to permafrost and melts the situation of rear water yield abundance, utilizes buoyancy, adopts floating pontoon arrangement, to pipeline one lifting force upwards, thus hold up pipeline, prevent thaw collapse.When Permafrost Area ground freezing, floating pontoon arrangement and frozen soil freeze together, same to pipeline one pulling force upwards.Respectively bury the spacing floating pontoon arrangement be made up of light-weight water-proof packing material 3 and shell 4 in upper end of two shift rods, 2,4 shift rods 2 in the both sides of buried pipeline 1, the elevator belt 6 of buried pipeline 1 fixedly walked around by the downside screw 5 of floating pontoon arrangement.
In order to consider exploitativeness and the Economy of protection method, when carrying out thaw collapse to this zone duct and administering, considering measure to be implemented the strong point of point as pipeline, utilizing the strong point to the supporting effect of pipeline to ensure that pipeline does not exceed the sedimentation of expection.Piping stress analysis software CAESARII is utilized to carry out stress analysis, and check standard according to ASMAB31.4, determine that this section pipeline is when strong point span is less than 20m time, the maximum stress that pipeline bears is less than allowable stress, conform with the regulations requirement, and pipeline is safe.On this basis, the buoyancy after melting according to the stressing conditions of pipeline and full freezing soil, determines that the strong point needs the load of bearing.
Pontoon lifting force calculates checks:
1, the deadweight of pipeline unit length can be calculated as follows:
q
1＝0.2466Ct(D-t)
In formula:
Q
1-pipe linear mass, N/m;
The relative density coefficient of C-tubing;
The nominal wall thickness of t-pipe, mm;
The external diameter of D-pipe, mm;
2, pipeline internal medium quality
In pipeline, the mass of medium of unit length is calculated as follows:
q
2＝0.785×10
-6×(D
2-4t
2)γ
3
In formula:
Q
2unit length mass of medium in-pipeline, N/m;
The external diameter of D-pipe, mm;
The nominal wall thickness of t-pipe, mm;
γ
3-Media density, N/m
3;
3, swampy area's pipeline buoyancy
Buoyancy suffered by pipeline is:
q
3=ρ
sgV
g
In formula:
Q
3buoyancy suffered by-pipeline, N/m;
ρ
sbuoyant density after-frozen soil melts, kg/m
3;
V
g-unit length conduit volume, m
3;
4, the gravity that unit length pipeline in swampy area's is downward
q
4＝q
1+q
2-q
3
In formula:
Q
4the gravity that-unit length pipeline is downward, N/m.
5, pontoon lifting force
Calculate according to strong point span lm, the lifting force of needs is:
q
5＝lq
4
In formula:
Q
5-lifting force, N.
6, pontoon sinks to the degree of depth of melting in frozen soil:
In formula:
H-pontoon sinks to the degree of depth of melting in frozen soil, m;
The length of side of L-shell 4, m.
Relate in the present invention Permafrost Area pipeline thaw collapse control system principle schematic diagramWherein 1 is buried pipeline, and 2 is shift rod, and 3 is light-weight water-proof packing material, and 4 is shell, and 5 is screw, and 6 is elevator belt.Respectively bury the spacing floating pontoon arrangement be made up of light-weight water-proof packing material 3 and shell 4 in upper end of two shift rods, 2,4 shift rods 2 in the both sides of buried pipeline 1, the elevator belt 6 of buried pipeline 1 fixedly walked around by the downside screw 5 of floating pontoon arrangement.
Wherein, shift rod 2 is elongate in shape, and below band pyramidal projections is convenient to penetrate below pipeline and is fixed up after permafrost; Top is one " right angle " type blend stop, and lower than 60-70 centimetre below pontoon bottom blend stop, the blend stop of four shift rods surrounds an open region, the floating position of restriction pontoon;
Light-weight water-proof packing material 3 is filled in shell 4 in advance, and good seal shell 4, prevent into water;
Shell 4 is square structure, light-high-strength alloy material, and below is immersed in the water, and top is arch shape, floats on the surface;
Elevator belt 6 is fixed on shell 4 by screw 5, and pipeline bilateral symmetry is arranged;
Elevator belt 6 is high-strength flexible wear-resistant strip, and pocket plays pipeline, under the buoyancy of shell 4, give pipeline lifting force.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages: 1, efficiently solve Permafrost Area pipeline and melt because of around frozen soil the thaw collapse problem caused, ensured the safe operation of permafrost region pipeline; 2, effective control of pipeline thaw collapse in full season can be realized; 3, there is good Economy, without the need to consuming electric energy, movement-less part, there is the features such as the high and applicability of non-maintaining, energy-saving and environmental protection, reliability is good; 4, easy construction, can use reliably and with long-term.
The present invention can be applicable to the thaw collapse risk control of the buried oil and gas pipes in Permafrost Area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 Permafrost Area pipeline thaw collapse protection method front schematic view
Fig. 2 Permafrost Area pipeline thaw collapse protection method side schematic view
Fig. 3 Permafrost Area pipeline thaw collapse protection method schematic top plan view
Wherein 1-buried pipeline, 2-shift rod
3-light-weight water-proof packing material, 4-shell
5-screw, 6-elevator belt
Embodiment
Embodiment, with this example, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described and the present invention is further illustrated.This example is heated according to permafrost to melt the situation of rear water yield abundance, utilizes buoyancy, adopt floating pontoon arrangement, to pipeline one lifting force upwards, thus hold up pipeline, prevent thaw collapse.Base area is surveyed and be found that, this section is region, permafrost marsh, and pipeline is directly layed in the farinose argillic horizon of strong thaw collapse, thickness of clay soil is greater than 10m, and thaw collapse coefficient is greater than 10, is full freezing soil, water content is higher than 40%, and the buoyant density after frozen soil melts is 910kg/m
3, belong to strong thaw collapse location.This section pipe material is for being X65 steel, and caliber is 813mm, and pipe thickness is 16mm, and pipe top buried depth is 1.8m, and without thermal insulation layer, managing defeated mean temperature is 10 DEG C.
In order to consider exploitativeness and the Economy of protection method, when carrying out thaw collapse to this zone duct and administering, considering measure to be implemented the strong point of point as pipeline, utilizing the strong point to the supporting effect of pipeline to ensure that pipeline does not exceed the sedimentation of expection.Piping stress analysis software CAESARII is utilized to carry out stress analysis, and check standard according to ASMAB31.4, determine that this section pipeline is when strong point span is 20m time, the maximum stress that pipeline bears is less than allowable stress, conform with the regulations requirement, and pipeline is safe.On this basis, the buoyancy after melting according to the stressing conditions of pipeline and full freezing soil, determines that the strong point needs the load of bearing.
Pontoon lifting force calculates checks:
1, the deadweight of pipeline unit length can be calculated as follows:
q
1＝0.2466Ct(D-t)
In formula:
Q
1-pipe linear mass, N/m;
The relative density coefficient of C-tubing;
The nominal wall thickness of t-pipe, mm;
The external diameter of D-pipe, mm.
Jagdaqi swampy area self weight of pipeline result of calculation is:
q
1＝0.2466Ct(D-t)＝0.2466×0.98×16×(813-16)＝3082N/m
2, pipeline internal medium quality
In pipeline, the mass of medium of unit length can be calculated as follows:
q
2＝0.785×10
-6×(D
2-4t
2)γ
3
In formula:
Q
2unit length mass of medium in-pipeline, N/m;
The external diameter of D-pipe, mm;
The nominal wall thickness of t-pipe, mm;
γ
3-Media density, N/m
3.
Jagdaqi swampy area pipeline internal medium Mass Calculation result is:
q
2=0.785×10
-6×(D
2-4t
2)γ
3
=0.785×10
-6×(813
2-4×16
2)×840.9×9.8=4269N/m
3, swampy area's pipeline buoyancy
Buoyancy suffered by pipeline is:
In formula:
ρ
sbuoyant density after-frozen soil melts, kg/m
3;
V
g-unit length conduit volume, m
3.
4, the gravity that unit length pipeline in swampy area's is downward
q
4=q
1+q
2-q
3＝3082+4269-4627=2724N/m
5, pontoon lifting force
Calculate according to strong point span 20m, the lifting force of needs is:
q
5=20q
4=20×2724=54480N
6, pontoon sinks to the degree of depth of melting in frozen soil
Designed enclosures 4 length of side is 3m, be highly circular arc peak higher than bottom surface 0.9m, crown height is 0.2m, then sinkage is:
In formula:
The length of side of L-shell 4, m.
By calculating, determine that the length of shift rod 2 is 4m, thickness is 0.08m, the long 0.8m of blend stop, and thickness is 0.08m, gear lever mutual spacing 4m; Shell 4 length of side is 3m, be highly circular arc peak higher than bottom surface 0.9m, crown height is 0.2m; Elevator belt length is 8m, and width is 1m.The effective support to pipeline can be realized.
Specific implementation process is as follows:
Choose exemplary segment 100m, establish a strong point at interval of 20m, respectively in pipeline bilateral symmetry position make a call to two holes, go deep into permafrost, insert shift rod; Until gear lever freeze fixing after, the shell with light-weight water-proof packing material is put into the region that blend stop surrounds, float over the surface of melting frozen soil, by elevator belt bypass pipeline, symmetry is fixed on shell.Work progress is selected to carry out in the winter time as far as possible.
This example is through test, and thaw collapse problem does not occur exemplary segment pipeline.The thaw collapse problem of the permafrost marsh zone duct that the enforcement of this measure effectively solves, has ensured the safe operation of pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. utilize floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat a method for Permafrost Area body thaw collapse, it is characterized in that adopting floating pontoon arrangement, to pipeline one lifting force upwards, thus hold up pipeline, prevent thaw collapse; When Permafrost Area ground freezing, floating pontoon arrangement and frozen soil freeze together, same to pipeline one pulling force upwards; Two shift rods (2) are respectively buried in the both sides of buried pipeline (1), the spacing floating pontoon arrangement be made up of light-weight water-proof packing material (3) and shell (4) in upper end of 4 shift rods (2), the elevator belt (6) of buried pipeline (1) fixedly walked around by the downside screw (5) of floating pontoon arrangement;
Consider measure to be implemented the strong point of point as pipeline, utilize the strong point to the supporting effect of pipeline to ensure that pipeline does not exceed the sedimentation of expection; Piping stress analysis software CAESARII is utilized to carry out stress analysis, and check standard according to ASMAB31.4, determine that this section pipeline is when strong point span is less than 20m time, the maximum stress that pipeline bears is less than allowable stress, conform with the regulations requirement, and pipeline is safe; On this basis, the buoyancy after melting according to the stressing conditions of pipeline and full freezing soil, determines that the strong point needs the load of bearing;
Pontoon lifting force calculates checks:
1) pipeline unit length gravity can be calculated as follows:
q
1＝0.2466Ct(D-t)
In formula:
Q
1-pipe unit length gravity, N/m;
The relative density coefficient of C-tubing;
The nominal wall thickness of t-pipe, mm;
The external diameter of D-pipe, mm;
2) pipeline internal medium quality
In pipeline, the medium gravity of unit length is calculated as follows:
q
2＝0.785×10
-6×(D
2-4t
2)γ
3
In formula:
Q
2unit length medium gravity in-pipeline, N/m;
The external diameter of D-pipe, mm;
The nominal wall thickness of t-pipe, mm;
γ
3-Media density, N/m
3;
3) swampy area's pipeline buoyancy
Buoyancy suffered by unit length pipeline is:
q
3＝ρ
sgV
g
In formula:
Q
3buoyancy suffered by-unit length pipeline, N/m;
ρ
sbuoyant density after-frozen soil melts, kg/m
3;
V
g-unit length conduit volume, m
3;
4) gravity that unit length pipeline in swampy area's is downward
q
4＝q
1+q
2-q
3
In formula:
Q
4the gravity that-unit length pipeline is downward, N/m;
5) pontoon lifting force
Calculate according to strong point span lm, the lifting force of needs is: q
5=lq
4
In formula:
Q
5-lifting force, N;
6) pontoon sinks to the degree of depth of melting in frozen soil:
In formula:
H-pontoon sinks to the degree of depth of melting in frozen soil, m;
The length of side of L-shell, m.
2. one kind uses the floating pontoon arrangement that utilizes of method described in claim 1 to prevent and treat the device of Permafrost Area body thaw collapse, it is characterized in that respectively burying two shift rods (2) in the both sides of buried pipeline (1), the spacing floating pontoon arrangement be made up of light-weight water-proof packing material (3) and shell (4) in upper end of 4 shift rods (2), the elevator belt (6) of buried pipeline (1) fixedly walked around by the downside screw (5) of floating pontoon arrangement.
3. a kind of device utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described shift rod (2) is elongate in shape, below band pyramidal projections, top is one " right angle " type blend stop, lower than 60-70 centimetre below pontoon bottom blend stop, the blend stop of four shift rods surrounds an open region, the floating position of restriction pontoon.
4. a kind of device utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described shell (4) is square structure, light-high-strength alloy material, below is immersed in the water, top is arch shape, floats on the surface; Light-weight water-proof packing material (3) is filled in shell (4) in advance, and good seal shell (4).
5. a kind of device utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse according to claim 2, is characterized in that described elevator belt (6) is for high-strength flexible wear-resistant strip.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210583969.7A CN103899838B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | A kind of method and apparatus utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210583969.7A CN103899838B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | A kind of method and apparatus utilizing floating pontoon arrangement to prevent and treat Permafrost Area body thaw collapse |
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| CN103899838B true CN103899838B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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| CN109114303B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-06-09 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | High cold high altitude area large aperture corrugated steel pipe installation auxiliary device |
| CN112901909B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Buried pipeline fixing device and fixing method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3747355A (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1973-07-24 | Amoco Prod Co | Pipeline supported by beams and cables in permafrost areas |
| US4181448A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1980-01-01 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Combination roadway and pipeline way in permafrost regions |
| JP2001003350A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-01-09 | Kinjo Rubber Kk | Soil improvement method by board drain making use of freezing-thawing |
| CN101117793A (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2008-02-06 | 中国建筑第七工程局 | Steelwork pipe arch bridge float-dragging construction method |
| CN201317935Y (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2009-09-30 | 中铁十一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Paramos frozen soil region culvert frost heaving thaw collapse preventing device |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 CN CN201210583969.7A patent/CN103899838B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3747355A (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1973-07-24 | Amoco Prod Co | Pipeline supported by beams and cables in permafrost areas |
| US4181448A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1980-01-01 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Combination roadway and pipeline way in permafrost regions |
| JP2001003350A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-01-09 | Kinjo Rubber Kk | Soil improvement method by board drain making use of freezing-thawing |
| CN101117793A (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2008-02-06 | 中国建筑第七工程局 | Steelwork pipe arch bridge float-dragging construction method |
| CN201317935Y (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2009-09-30 | 中铁十一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Paramos frozen soil region culvert frost heaving thaw collapse preventing device |
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|---|---|
| CN103899838A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
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Effective date of registration: 20211208 Address after: Room 08-10, 6 / F, block a, No. 5, Dongtucheng Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100013 Patentee after: National Petroleum and natural gas pipeline network Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100007 Oil Mansion, 9 North Avenue, Dongcheng District, Beijing, Dongzhimen Patentee before: PETROCHINA Co.,Ltd. |